BR102020005015A2 - BIODEGRADABLE COMPOUND OF POLYMERIC MATRICES - Google Patents
BIODEGRADABLE COMPOUND OF POLYMERIC MATRICES Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BR102020005015A2 BR102020005015A2 BR102020005015-0A BR102020005015A BR102020005015A2 BR 102020005015 A2 BR102020005015 A2 BR 102020005015A2 BR 102020005015 A BR102020005015 A BR 102020005015A BR 102020005015 A2 BR102020005015 A2 BR 102020005015A2
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- amount
- mixture
- biodegradable
- polymeric matrices
- starch
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polybutylene 2,5-thiophene dicarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000195633 Dunaliella salina Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000224474 Nannochloropsis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920009537 polybutylene succinate adipate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001896 polybutyrate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000229 biodegradable polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004622 biodegradable polyester Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- PORQOHRXAJJKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SC(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O PORQOHRXAJJKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CuO Inorganic materials [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007303 Thymus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002657 Thymus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196252 Ulva Species 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N curcumin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000520 poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001585 thymus vulgaris Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940043810 zinc pyrithione Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;1-oxidopyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S.[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKGZPUOARGEPJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-benzyl-1,2-thiazole 1-oxide Chemical compound O=S1C=CC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZKGZPUOARGEPJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000166675 Cymbopogon nardus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018791 Cymbopogon nardus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940123457 Free radical scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013628 Lantana involucrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ODYCAZSSUVCHNU-XLAORIBOSA-N Laurencin Natural products CC[C@H]1C[C@H](CC=CC[C@@H]1Br)[C@@H](CC=CC#C)OC(=O)C ODYCAZSSUVCHNU-XLAORIBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006677 Monarda citriodora ssp. austromontana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007673 Origanum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001237 Oxo Biodegradable Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037534 Progressive hemifacial atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003728 Spergula arvensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001963 Synthetic biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000223014 Syzygium aromaticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016639 Syzygium aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZFYWONYUPVGTQJ-GDHVPRBFSA-N [(e,1r)-1-[(2r,3s,5z,8r)-3-bromo-2-ethyl-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-2h-oxocin-8-yl]hex-3-en-5-ynyl] acetate Chemical compound CC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@@H](C\C=C\C#C)OC(C)=O)C\C=C/C[C@@H]1Br ZFYWONYUPVGTQJ-GDHVPRBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940087168 alpha tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006320 anionic starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017803 cinnamon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012754 curcumin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940109262 curcumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diferuloylmethane Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C=CC(=O)CC(=O)C=CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005839 ecoflex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012017 passive hemagglutination assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2003/00—Use of starch or derivatives as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0059—Degradable
- B29K2995/006—Bio-degradable, e.g. bioabsorbable, bioresorbable or bioerodible
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
composto biodegradável de matrizes poliméricas. a presente invenção pertence ao campo técnico da química e materiais, especificamente materiais poliméricos biodegradáveis.a presente invenção consiste em um composto biodegradável de matrizes poliméricas, e o seu processo de obtenção, que é integralmente biodegradável em reduzido tempo de degradação completa,conforme resultados de testes em solo seguindo as normas nbr e astm, além de conter propriedades físicas e mecânicas similares ao plástico convencional(ou petroquímico), tais como maneabilidade, resistência à tração e alongamento à ruptura, barreira ao vapor d´ água, resistência ao transporte de materiais até 4,5 kg, reduzida absorção de água mesmo submetido a ambientes úmidos, reduzido gasto energético no processo de produção dos granulados.biodegradable composite of polymeric matrices. The present invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry and materials, specifically biodegradable polymeric materials. The present invention consists of a biodegradable composite of polymeric matrices, and its obtaining process, which is fully biodegradable in a reduced time of complete degradation, according to results of soil tests following nbr and astm standards, in addition to containing physical and mechanical properties similar to conventional plastic (or petrochemical), such as maneuverability, tensile strength and elongation at break, water vapor barrier, resistance to transport of materials up to 4.5 kg, reduced water absorption even in humid environments, reduced energy expenditure in the granulate production process.
Description
[001] . A presente invenção pertence ao campo técnico da química e materiais, especificamente materiais poliméricos biodegradáveis.[001] . The present invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry and materials, specifically biodegradable polymeric materials.
[002] . Nas últimas décadas, o aumento na produção de plásticos a base de petróleo resultou em uma grande quantidade de resíduos, causando um impacto ambiental. A indústria de alimentos utiliza grandes quantidades de embalagens plásticas para proteger, armazenar e transportar produtos. De acordo com o último relatório da PlasticsEurope, a produção mundial anual de plásticos em 2017 atingiu 348 milhões de toneladas, 3,8% a mais do que a produção de 2016 (Greenpeace, 2018).[002] . In recent decades, the increase in the production of petroleum-based plastics has resulted in a large amount of waste, causing an environmental impact. The food industry uses large amounts of plastic packaging to protect, store and transport products. According to the latest PlasticsEurope report, the annual global plastics production in 2017 reached 348 million tons, 3.8% more than the 2016 production (Greenpeace, 2018).
[003] . A indústria de embalagens utiliza quantidades significativas de plásticos para aplicações em alimentos, onde a embalagem representa o maior campo de aplicações de bioplásticos, estimado em 1,6 milhões de toneladas do mercado total de bioplásticos em 2016 (FABRA et al., 2018). Para resolver este problema, tem havido um grande esforço na produção de materiais que não sejam danosos ao meio ambiente. O amido é considerado um dos polímeros renováveis mais promissores para substituir os plásticos derivados do petróleo (TIAN et al., 2017; AUNG et al., 2018; SANYANG et al., 2018), no entanto não confere propriedades para ser substituído por polímeros convencionais utilizados pela indústria petroquímica.[003] The packaging industry uses significant amounts of plastics for food applications, where packaging represents the largest field of bioplastics applications, estimated at 1.6 million tons of the total bioplastics market in 2016 (FABRA et al., 2018). To solve this problem, there has been a great effort to produce materials that are not harmful to the environment. Starch is considered one of the most promising renewable polymers to replace petroleum-derived plastics (TIAN et al., 2017; AUNG et al., 2018; SANYANG et al., 2018), however it does not confer properties to be replaced by polymers conventional used by the petrochemical industry.
[004] . O amido é o polímero natural biodegradável mais estudado para produção de materiais biodegradáveis (KASSEM et al., 2012) e a mistura de poliésteres biodegradáveis com amido é uma estratégia conhecida para melhorar as propriedades mecânicas e / ou de barreira dos materiais de embalagens a base de amido (GARCIA et al., 2018a). Assim, as misturas com poli (adipatoco-tereftalato de butileno) (PBAT) (GARCIA et al., 2014; THUNWALL et al, 2008), poli (ácido lático) (PLA) (SHIRAI et al., 2016) e álcool polivinílico (PVOH) (SHI et al., 2008), entre outros, foram estudados. Esses dois componentes não conferem todas as propriedades técnicas desejáveis. E é por isso que a presente invenção propõe a resolver a combinação de elementos que formando uma mistura (blend) alcança propriedades técnicas ainda não solucionadas até o momento.[004] . Starch is the most studied natural biodegradable polymer for the production of biodegradable materials (KASSEM et al., 2012) and the blending of biodegradable polyesters with starch is a known strategy to improve the mechanical and/or barrier properties of based packaging materials of starch (GARCIA et al., 2018a). Thus, blends with poly (adipatoco-butylene terephthalate) (PBAT) (GARCIA et al., 2014; THUNWALL et al, 2008), poly (lactic acid) (PLA) (SHIRAI et al., 2016) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) (SHI et al., 2008), among others, were studied. These two components do not provide all the desirable technical properties. And that is why the present invention proposes to solve the combination of elements that forming a mixture (blend) achieves technical properties that have not yet been solved.
[005] . Os poliésteres são um grupo de polímeros em que as unidades de repetição são ligadas através de ligações éster. Tradicionalmente, o campo de polímeros biodegradáveis é limitado a co-poliésteres-alifáticos, onde os poliésteres biodegradáveis mais utilizados são o poliglicolídeo linear (PGA), PLAs, policaprolactona (PCL) ou PHAs (SHAH et al., 2013). Pelo contrário, co-poliésteres-aromáticos como poli (tereftalato de etileno) (PET), poli (tereftalato de propileno) (PPT) e poli (tereftalato de butileno) (PBT) exibem excelentes propriedades, embora não possam ser biodegradáveis. Pesquisas estão sendo realizadas para o desenho de novos materiais biodegradáveis de co-poliésteres-alifáticos-aromáticos com melhor desempenho físico-mecânico (LARRAÑAGA e LIZUNDIA, 2019) que o ambiente consiga degradam sem causar impactos ambientais.[005] . Polyesters are a group of polymers in which the repeating units are linked via ester bonds. Traditionally, the field of biodegradable polymers is limited to aliphatic-co-polyesters, where the most used biodegradable polyesters are linear polyglycolide (PGA), PLAs, polycaprolactone (PCL) or PHAs (SHAH et al., 2013). In contrast, aromatic co-polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(propylene terephthalate) (PPT) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) exhibit excellent properties, although they cannot be biodegradable. Research is being carried out for the design of new biodegradable materials of aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters with better physical-mechanical performance (LARRAÑAGA and LIZUNDIA, 2019) that the environment can degrade without causing environmental impacts.
[006] . Os co-poliésteres-alifáticos-aromáticos exibem propriedades térmicas e mecânicas notáveis conferidas pelas estruturas aromáticas, enquanto as porções de éster alifático garantem uma biodegradabilidade adequada do polímero (NOVOTNY et al., 2015). No entanto esses materiais sozinhos ou combinados ainda alcançam custos elevados e que muitas vezes inviabilizam a produção, mesmo em escala industrial.[006] . Aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters exhibit remarkable thermal and mechanical properties conferred by aromatic structures, while aliphatic ester moieties ensure adequate polymer biodegradability (NOVOTNY et al., 2015). However, these materials alone or combined still reach high costs and often make production unfeasible, even on an industrial scale.
[007] . Atualmente, classes de aditivos como as algas são consideradas fontes exploráveis de polímeros. Há evidências científicas de sua eficácia em vários campos, como alimentos, produtos farmacêuticos, combustíveis ou cosméticos. Em relação ao campo dos produtos plásticos, as algas representam uma fonte de matérias-primas benéficas devido à sua riqueza em polímeros (LAVOISIER et al., 2015).[007] . Currently, classes of additives such as algae are considered to be exploitable sources of polymers. There is scientific evidence of its effectiveness in various fields such as food, pharmaceuticals, fuels or cosmetics. Regarding the field of plastic products, algae represent a source of beneficial raw materials due to its richness in polymers (LAVOISIER et al., 2015).
[008] . Estudos relataram que é possível produzir filmes biodegradáveis com propriedades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas, assim como melhorar as propriedades de barreira do vapor de água e outros gases, com a adição de biomassa microalgal (BALTI et al., 2017). Desenvolvimento de materiais biodegradáveis utilizando matérias primas de fonte renovável tem gerado interesse na área de embalagens de alimentos, pois poderia reduzir os impactos ambientais (FRIESEN et al., 2015; COLAK et al., 2015).[008] . Studies have reported that it is possible to produce biodegradable films with antioxidant, antimicrobial properties, as well as improve the barrier properties of water vapor and other gases, with the addition of microalgal biomass (BALTI et al., 2017). Development of biodegradable materials using raw materials from renewable sources has generated interest in the area of food packaging, as it could reduce environmental impacts (FRIESEN et al., 2015; COLAK et al., 2015).
[009] . Os polímeros biodegradáveis são aqueles plásticos que são degradados em forma natural no meio ambiente através da ação enzimática de microrganismos. Podem ser encontrados em forma natural ou sintética. Aqueles que são de fonte natural encontra-se agropolímeros como: polissacarídeos, lipídeos e proteínas; de fonte microbiana como polihidroxialcanoatos e polihidroxibutiratos; de fonte biotecnológica como ácido poliláctico ou poliácido láctico (PLA) e fonte petroquímica como: policaprolactona (PCL), poliestereamidas (PEA), Co-poliésteres alifáticos e aromáticos (RYDZ et al, 2018).[009] . Biodegradable polymers are those plastics that are naturally degraded in the environment through the enzymatic action of microorganisms. They can be found in natural or synthetic form. Those from a natural source are found in agropolymers such as: polysaccharides, lipids and proteins; from a microbial source such as polyhydroxyalkanoates and polyhydroxybutyrates; biotechnological source such as polylactic acid or polylactic acid (PLA) and petrochemical source such as: polycaprolactone (PCL), polyesteramides (PEA), aliphatic and aromatic co-polyesters (RYDZ et al, 2018).
[010] . Um produto plástico é um produto obtido a partir de uma composição polimérica, aos quais são adicionados diferentes aditivos, como plastificantes. O plástico convencional é composto de polímeros derivados da indústria do petróleo (LAVOISIER et al., 2018), e não apresentam biodegradabilidade ou então a sua degradação no meio ambiente pode levar muitas décadas ocasionando um impacto ambiental negativo. Também a classe dos produtos oxibiodegradáveis fragmentam com o tempo de degradação, porém liberando microplásticos que também causam dano ao organismo humano e animal além de continuarem a impactar negativamente no meio ambiente.[010] . A plastic product is a product obtained from a polymeric composition, to which different additives, such as plasticizers, are added. Conventional plastic is composed of polymers derived from the petroleum industry (LAVOISIER et al., 2018), and they do not have biodegradability or their degradation in the environment can take many decades, causing a negative environmental impact. Also, the class of oxo-biodegradable products fragments with degradation time, but releasing microplastics that also cause damage to human and animal organism, in addition to continuing to negatively impact the environment.
[011] . Os produtos plásticos são geralmente fabricados por processo de extrusão. A extrusão é um processo bem conhecido, desenvolvido para produzir produtos poliméricos de forma e densidade uniformes. Sua aplicação industrial remonta à década de 1930 (AGBISIT, 2007). É uma das tecnologias de processamento mais amplamente aplicadas nas indústrias de plásticos, borracha e alimentos e é usada para preparar mais da metade de todos os produtos plásticos, incluindo sacos, filmes, tubos, fibras e espumas. Literalmente, a “extrusão” (da palavra latina extrudere) significa a ação de empurrar para afora. Em engenharia, descreve uma operação de forçar um material a sair de um espaço estreito (BERK, 2018).[011] . Plastic products are generally manufactured by an extrusion process. Extrusion is a well-known process designed to produce polymeric products of uniform shape and density. Its industrial application dates back to the 1930s (AGBISIT, 2007). It is one of the most widely applied processing technologies in the plastics, rubber and food industries and is used to prepare more than half of all plastic products, including bags, films, tubes, fibers and foams. Literally, “extrusion” (from the Latin word extrudere) means the action of pushing outward. In engineering, it describes an operation to force a material out of a narrow space (BERK, 2018).
[012] . Graças à biodegradabilidade, biocompatibilidade, boas propriedades mecânicas, baixa permeabilidade ao vapor da água, baixa solubilidade e renovabilidade e sustentabilidade, os polímeros biodegradáveis produzidos nesta invenção combinados ao uso de classes de aditivos orgânicos naturais surgiram como uma alternativa sustentável para diminuir nossa dependência de plásticos à base de petróleo e desempenhar um papel central no desenvolvimento de uma economia mais verde (NAIR e LAURENCIN, 2007).[012] . Thanks to biodegradability, biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, low water vapor permeability, low solubility and renewability and sustainability, the biodegradable polymers produced in this invention combined with the use of natural organic additive classes emerged as a sustainable alternative to reduce our dependence on plastics based on oil and play a central role in the development of a greener economy (NAIR and LAURENCIN, 2007).
[013] . Na patente Chinesa de 2009 (CN101508791A), os inventores relatam o método de produção de filme plástico com materiais biodegradáveis. A invenção foi diferente da nossa proposta porque usaram diferentes concentrações do polímero Ecoflex (PBAT) em uma faixa de 50 a 95%, ademais misturam com outros polímeros como poli(3-hidroxibutiratoco-3-hidroxivalerato) (PHBV). Também as temperaturas do processo de extrusão foram diferentes de nossa pesquisa (135 a 170°C). Essa patente citada se limita ao uso de misturas de polímeros sintéticos.[013] . In the 2009 Chinese patent (CN101508791A), the inventors report the method of producing plastic film with biodegradable materials. The invention was different from our proposal because they used different concentrations of the Ecoflex polymer (PBAT) in a range of 50 to 95%, in addition to mixing with other polymers such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). Also the temperatures of the extrusion process were different from our research (135 to 170°C). This cited patent is limited to the use of synthetic polymer blends.
[014] . Na patente Americana de 2001 (US6235816B1), os inventores produziram uma mistura de polímeros biologicamente degradável contendo pelo menos um biopolímero feito de matérias-primas renováveis e um polímero selecionado dentre os seguintes materiais: um poliéster aromático; um copolímero de poliéster com blocos alifáticos e aromáticos; uma poliesteramida; um poliglicol; um poliéster uretano; e / ou misturas desses componentes. É diferente de nossa invenção em vários aspectos como: combinaram amido e um plastificante com adição de água, ademais a mistura foi feita também com um polímero termoplástico parcialmente biodegradável; na mistura polimérica não tinha presença de microalgas. Em suma, parte da composição não é biodegradável.[014] . In the 2001 US patent (US6235816B1), the inventors produced a biologically degradable polymer blend containing at least one biopolymer made from renewable raw materials and a polymer selected from the following materials: an aromatic polyester; a polyester copolymer with aliphatic and aromatic blocks; a polyesteramide; a polyglycol; a polyester urethane; and/or mixtures of these components. It is different from our invention in several aspects, such as: they combined starch and a plasticizer with the addition of water, in addition the mixture was also made with a partially biodegradable thermoplastic polymer; in the polymer mixture there was no presence of microalgae. In short, part of the composition is not biodegradable.
[015] . Na patente Americana de (2013) US8524811B2, é descrita uma composição de material termoplástico contendo certos componentes biodegradáveis e renováveis. A composição termoplástica que inclui pelo menos um tipo de alga ou uma mistura de pelo menos um tipo de alga e um polímero vegetal, uma mistura de algas e / ou polímeros à base de plantas, como proteínas e amidos, como matéria-prima de custo relativamente baixo. As algas ou mistura podem ser plastificadas. Foi diferente a mistura de polímeros como a adição de algum tipo de proteína; ademais, as proporções do tipo de algas usadas foram maiores, em uma faixa de 10% até 40%. Ademais, não usaram algum tipo de polímero alifático-aromático, ou células rompidas mediante a aplicação de ultrassom. Difere da presente invenção pois as concentrações de algas utilizadas é elevada. Nossa presente invenção propõe resolver problemas técnicos utilizando % bem inferior e microalgas diferentes.[015] . In the US patent of (2013) US8524811B2, a composition of thermoplastic material containing certain biodegradable and renewable components is described. A thermoplastic composition comprising at least one type of seaweed or a mixture of at least one type of seaweed and a plant polymer, a mixture of seaweed and/or plant-based polymers such as proteins and starches as a cost raw material relatively low. The algae or mixture can be plasticized. The mixture of polymers was different as the addition of some type of protein; moreover, the proportions of the type of algae used were higher, in a range of 10% to 40%. Furthermore, they did not use any type of aliphatic-aromatic polymer, or cells broken by the application of ultrasound. It differs from the present invention in that the concentrations of algae used is high. Our present invention proposes to solve technical problems using much lower % and different microalgae.
[016] . Na patente WO2016090511A1 de (2014), os inventores processaram um material bioplástico mediante extrusão reativa com propriedades bioativas, a partir de materiais compostáveis de fontes renováveis e fósseis. Os inventores usaram polímeros e algas diferentes (ácido poliláctico e Ulva sp.), ademais nas formulações não tinha amido. Diferente da presente invenção pois a patente referenciada acima utilizada PLA e Ulva que apresentam características técnicas e de composição distintas da presente proposta (outros polímeros e componentes).[016] . In patent WO2016090511A1 of (2014), the inventors processed a bioplastic material by reactive extrusion with bioactive properties, from compostable materials from renewable and fossil sources. The inventors used different polymers and algae (polylactic acid and Ulva sp.), in addition to the formulations there was no starch. Different from the present invention because the patent referenced above used PLA and Ulva that have different technical and compositional characteristics from the present proposal (other polymers and components).
[017]. Na patente WO2002016468A1 de (2002), a invenção refere-se a uma mistura de polímero biodegradável compreendendo: pelo menos um polímero biodegradável sintético rígido e pelo menos um polímero biodegradável macio, em que a mistura de polímeros é adequada para formação em pelo menos uma das folhas extrusadas e películas sopradas. Esta invenção é diferente na mistura de poliéster biodegradáveis como tereftalato de polietileno modificado e amidas de poliéster, ademais de usar cargas orgânicas e inorgânicas como areia e algas marinhas respectivamente.[017]. In WO2002016468A1 of (2002), the invention relates to a biodegradable polymer blend comprising: at least one rigid synthetic biodegradable polymer and at least one soft biodegradable polymer, wherein the polymer blend is suitable for formation in at least one of extruded sheets and blown films. This invention is different in blending biodegradable polyesters like modified polyethylene terephthalate and polyester amides, in addition to using organic and inorganic fillers like sand and seaweed respectively.
[018]. Foi identificado na busca de anterioridade composições biodegradáveis, contudo que não possuem propriedades para substituição do plástico convencional, como as propriedades de resistência mecânica, elongação, baixa permeabilidade, solubilidade e maleabilidade, rápida biodegradabilidade. A presente invenção consiste em um composto biodegradável de matrizes poliméricas, e o seu processo de obtenção, que é integralmente biodegradável no menor tempo de degradação referenciado até o momento - segundo testes em solo seguindo as normas NBR e ASTM, além de conter propriedades físicas e mecânicas similares ao plástico convencional ou petroquímico, e portanto capaz de substituí-lo.[018]. Biodegradable compositions were identified in the search for prior art, although they do not have properties to replace conventional plastic, such as mechanical resistance, elongation, low permeability, solubility and malleability, rapid biodegradability. The present invention consists of a biodegradable compound of polymeric matrices, and its production process, which is fully biodegradable in the shortest degradation time referenced so far - according to soil tests following the NBR and ASTM standards, in addition to containing physical properties and similar to conventional plastic or petrochemical, and therefore capable of replacing it.
[019] . Na presente invenção, foram misturadas fontes de amido (amido de batata, arroz, mandioca, milho, amidos modificados tais como amido catiônico e amido aniônico, entre outros, ou mistura deles), com outros co-poliésteres-alifáticos-aromáticos (ácido poliláctico (PLA), policaprolactona (PCL), poli butileno 2,5-tiofeno dicarboxilato - PBTF, poli butilenosuccinato-co-butilenoadipato - PBSA, poli butilenosuccinato -PBS, poli adipato-co-estereftalato de butileno - PBAT entre outros, ou mistura deles), podendo conter agente de corpo/massa de natureza orgânica (pectinas, celulose, farelo, fibras, farelos, cascas de grãos e sementes, cascas de frutas, proteínas de sorgo ou triticale, entre outros, ou mistura deles), gerando um material biodegradável de matrizes poliméricas.[019] . In the present invention, starch sources (potato, rice, cassava, corn starch, modified starches such as cationic starch and anionic starch, among others, or a mixture of them) were mixed with other aliphatic-aromatic co-polyesters (polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polybutylene 2,5-thiophene dicarboxylate - PBTF, polybutylenesuccinate-co-butyleneadipate - PBSA, polybutylenesuccinate -PBS, polyadipate-co-butylenesterephthalate - PBAT among others, or a mixture of them ), which may contain body/mass agent of an organic nature (pectins, cellulose, bran, fibers, bran, grain and seed husks, fruit rind, sorghum or triticale proteins, among others, or a mixture of them), generating a material biodegradable polymer matrices.
[020] . A faixa de concentração do componente amido é de 40 a 60 g/100 g mistura, a faixa de concentração do componente co-poliéster é de 20 a 40g/100 g mistura, podendo conter agente de corpo/massa de natureza orgânica na faixa de concentração de 0 a 40g/100 g mistura.[020] . The concentration range of the starch component is from 40 to 60 g/100 g of the mixture, the concentration range of the co-polyester component is from 20 to 40 g/100 g of the mixture, which may contain body/mass agent of an organic nature in the range of concentration from 0 to 40g/100g mixture.
[021] . As fontes de amido apresentam as seguintes propriedades devido aos seus teores de amilose em sua composição. Esse constituinte influencia no aumento de propriedades de barreira ao oxigênio, menor solubilidade, menor temperatura de retrogradação e melhores e mais estáveis propriedades mecânicas.[021] Starch sources have the following properties due to their amylose content in their composition. This constituent influences the increase of oxygen barrier properties, lower solubility, lower retrogradation temperature and better and more stable mechanical properties.
[022] . Os componentes co-poliésteres-alifáticos-aromáticos apresentam propriedades de melhora nas propriedades mecânicas (resistência à tração, elongação à ruptura), redução da permeabilidade ao vapor de água, redução na solubilidade em água, e também melhora resultados de biodegradabilidade quando comparado aos polímeros convencionais da indústria petroquímica.[022] . Co-polyesters-aliphatic-aromatic components have improved mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break), reduced water vapor permeability, reduced water solubility, and also improve biodegradability results when compared to polymers conventions in the petrochemical industry.
[023] . Ao composto biodegradável de matrizes poliméricas, apresentado acima, poderão ser acrescentados aditivos, capazes de conferir propriedades adicionais, tais como: a) extrato ou biomassa microalgal, b) plastificantes, c) antiumectantes, d) compatibilizantes, e) antibacterianos, f) antifúngicos, g) corantes, h) estabilizantes, i) antioxidantes, j) repelentes, k) impermeabilizantes, l) outros possíveis.[023] . Additives capable of providing additional properties may be added to the biodegradable compound of polymeric matrices, shown above, such as: a) microalgal extract or biomass, b) plasticizers, c) anti-humectants, d) compatibilizers, e) antibacterials, f) antifungals , g) dyes, h) stabilizers, i) antioxidants, j) repellents, k) waterproofing agents, l) other possible ones.
[024] . No caso dos aditivos extratos de biomassa microalgal ou constituintes de biomassa algal/microalgal (das espécies Nannochloropsis, Spirulina, Chlorella, Dunaliella salina), são obtidas as propriedades: pigmentação ou coloração, aceleração da biodegradabilidade, funções antimicrobianas, funções antioxidantes, pelos componentes clorofila e/ou biopigmentos fotossintetizantes presentes. O extrato microalgal pode ser obtido pelo rompimento celular das microalgas utilizando algum método mecânico. Quantidade: faixa de 0,01 a 10 % m/m.[024] . In the case of additives of microalgal biomass extracts or algal/microalgal biomass constituents (of the species Nannochloropsis, Spirulina, Chlorella, Dunaliella salina), the properties are obtained: pigmentation or coloration, acceleration of biodegradability, antimicrobial functions, antioxidant functions, by the chlorophyll components and/or photosynthetic biopigments present. The microalgal extract can be obtained by cellular disruption of the microalgae using some mechanical method. Quantity: range from 0.01 to 10% m/m.
[025] . No caso dos aditivos plastificantes são obtidas propriedades: maneabilidade/maleabilidade, elongação, elasticidade, suavização e flexibilidade da matriz polimérica. Foi observado melhora nas propriedades redução na solubilidade do produto com o uso do glicerol, contribuindo na melhoria desta propriedade. Também tais propriedades citadas são obtidas pela presença desses plastificantes, tais como: glicerol, sorbitol, manitol, adipatos, citratos, fosfatos, ou outros polióis ou glicóis, ou ésteres de ácidos, alcano-dicarboxílico, ou ainda mistura desses. Alguns açúcares (glicose, manose, frutose) podem estar presentes em misturas com os demais componentes citados dentro da faixa indicada. Também podem ser utilizados para essa função uréia, acetato de xilano, água, propilenoglicol, óleo de soja, óleo de soja epoxidado, ftalato de dibutil e citrato de trietil. Quantidade: faixa de 10 a 25 % m/m (isolados ou mistura).[025] . In the case of plasticizing additives, properties are obtained: manageability/malleability, elongation, elasticity, smoothing and flexibility of the polymer matrix. It was observed an improvement in the properties of reduction in the solubility of the product with the use of glycerol, contributing to the improvement of this property. Such properties mentioned are also obtained by the presence of these plasticizers, such as: glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, adipates, citrates, phosphates, or other polyols or glycols, or acid esters, alkane-dicarboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof. Some sugars (glucose, mannose, fructose) may be present in mixtures with the other components mentioned within the indicated range. Urea, xylan acetate, water, propylene glycol, soybean oil, epoxidized soybean oil, dibutyl phthalate and triethyl citrate can also be used for this function. Quantity: range from 10 to 25% m/m (isolated or mixed).
[026] . No caso dos aditivos antiumectantes são obtidas propriedades de redução da higroscopicidade; redução de umidificação do material; prolonga integridade da matriz. Tais propriedades podem ser obtidas pela presença desses plastificantes: carbonato de cálcio, carbonato de magnésio, dióxido de silício, fosfato tricálcico, hidróxido de magnésio, óxido de magnésio, sais de magnésio dos ácidos mirístico, palmístico e esteárico, silicato de sódio ou de alumínio Quantidade: 0,01 a 4% m/m (ideal é a quantidade mínima para obter o efeito desejado).[026] . In the case of anti-humectant additives, properties of reducing hygroscopicity are obtained; reduction of material wetting; prolongs matrix integrity. Such properties can be obtained by the presence of these plasticizers: calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silicon dioxide, tricalcium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium salts of myristic, palmistic and stearic acids, sodium or aluminum silicate Quantity: 0.01 to 4% m/m (ideal is the minimum quantity to obtain the desired effect).
[027] . No caso dos aditivos compatibilizantes são obtidas propriedades de aumento da aderência entre as cadeias dos polímeros da formulação da presente invenção; permitem interação e a homogeneização da mistura. Ademais, também permite mistura do(s) amido(s) e outros componentes por reação por extrusão reativa. Exemplos de aditivos que podem ser adicionados que conferem essas propriedades (ácido tartárico, anidrido maleico, anidro maleico, ácido cítrico, ácido adípico, fosfato de trifenil e outros, ou a mistura desses). Quantidade: 0,01 a 4 % m/m.[027] . In the case of compatibilizing additives, properties of increasing adhesion between the chains of the polymers of the formulation of the present invention are obtained; allow interaction and homogenization of the mixture. Furthermore, it also allows mixing of starch(s) and other components by reaction by reactive extrusion. Examples of additives that can be added that provide these properties (tartaric acid, maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride, citric acid, adipic acid, triphenyl phosphate and others, or a mixture of these). Quantity: 0.01 to 4% m/m.
[028] . No caso dos aditivos antibacterianos que podem ter ação antimicrobiana geral. São obtidas propriedades de inibição do crescimento de bactérias e de outros microrganismos contaminantes. Podem ser utilizados óxido de zinco, nanopartículas de Ag, Cu, CuO e TiO2. Quantidade: 0,01 a 5% m/m.[028] . In the case of antibacterial additives that can have general antimicrobial action. Growth inhibition properties of bacteria and other contaminating microorganisms are obtained. Zinc oxide, Ag, Cu, CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles can be used. Quantity: 0.01 to 5% m/m.
[029] . No caso dos aditivos antifúngicos são obtidas propriedades de inibição do crescimento de fungos na matriz polimérica biodegradável ou nos produtos gerados a partir dessa matriz. Podem ser utilizados óleos essenciais de tomilho, óxido de zinco, piritiona de zinco, 4,5-dicloro-2-n-octil-3-isotiazolona (DCOIT), butil isotiazolona, benzil isotiazolona (BBIT), piritiona de zinco e iodopropinil butil carbamato (IPBC), masterbatch (aditivo da Johnson &Johnson). Também podem ser utilizados óxido de zinco, nanopartículas de Ag, Cu, CuO e TiO2. Quantidade: 0,01 a 3%.[029] . In the case of antifungal additives, fungal growth inhibition properties are obtained in the biodegradable polymer matrix or in the products generated from this matrix. Thyme essential oils, zinc oxide, zinc pyrithione, 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3-isothiazolone (DCOIT), butyl isothiazolone, benzyl isothiazolone (BBIT), zinc pyrithione and butyl iodopropynyl can be used carbamate (IPBC), masterbatch (Johnson & Johnson additive). Zinc oxide, Ag, Cu, CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles can also be used. Quantity: 0.01 to 3%.
[030] . No caso dos aditivos corantes (ou pigmentos) são obtidas propriedades de cor, pigmentação da matriz polimérica biodegradável. Podem ser utilizados pigmentos naturais extraídos de origem vegetal ou mesmo extratos vegetais ou do grupo de aditivo (a) (extrato ou biomassa microalgal).[030] . In the case of color additives (or pigments) color properties, pigmentation of the biodegradable polymer matrix are obtained. Natural pigments extracted from vegetable sources or even vegetable extracts or from the additive group (a) (microalgal extract or biomass) can be used.
[031] . No caso dos aditivos estabilizantes são obtidas propriedades de manutenção da estrutura da matriz polimérica, aumentando assim a vida útil da matrix polimérica; e antidegradante contra inclusive efeito dos raios UV. Também atuam como sequestradores de radicais livres para manter a aparência bem como propriedades químicos e físicas da matrix polímérico biodegradável. Podem ser utilizados estabilizadores para plásticos: HALS (estabilizadores de luz de amina) de alta e baixa massa molar, Tinuvin NOR 356, estabilizador fenólico de vitamina E (α-tocoferol T3251). Quantidade: 0,01% a 3%.[031] In the case of stabilizing additives, properties of maintaining the structure of the polymer matrix are obtained, thus increasing the useful life of the polymer matrix; and antidegradant against even the effect of UV rays. They also act as free radical scavengers to maintain the appearance as well as chemical and physical properties of the biodegradable polymer matrix. Stabilizers for plastics can be used: HALS (amine light stabilizers) of high and low molar mass, Tinuvin NOR 356, vitamin E phenolic stabilizer (α-tocopherol T3251). Quantity: 0.01% to 3%.
[032] . No caso dos aditivos antioxidantes são obtidas propriedades de inibição da oxidação de outras moléculas. Podem ser utilizadas curcumina, catequina, gengibre, canela, alho, tomilho, orégano. Quantidade: 0,01 a 4%.[032] In the case of antioxidant additives, properties of inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules are obtained. Curcumin, catechin, ginger, cinnamon, garlic, thyme, oregano can be used. Quantity: 0.01 to 4%.
[033] . No caso de aditivos repelentes são obtidas propriedades de repelência e antiatrativo de vetores tais como de insetos e roedores. Podem ser utilizadas citronela, cravo da índia, andiroba, alho ou seus extratos. Quantidade: 0,01 a 4%.[033] . In the case of repellent additives, repellent and anti-attractive properties of vectors such as insects and rodents are obtained. Citronella, cloves, andiroba, garlic or their extracts can be used. Quantity: 0.01 to 4%.
[034] . No caso de aditivos impermeabilizantes (hidrofóbicos) são obtidas propriedades de barreira a umidade e líquidos. Podem ser utilizadas resinas fenoxi, ecotextil biodegradável, óleos vegetais, óleos essenciais. Quantidade: 0,01 a 3%.[034] . In the case of waterproofing additives (hydrophobic) barrier properties to moisture and liquids are obtained. Phenoxy resins, biodegradable ecotextiles, vegetable oils, essential oils can be used. Quantity: 0.01 to 3%.
[035] . No caso de outros aditivos como promotores de termoencolhimento, são obtidas propriedades para embalagem exterior para garrafas, latas e outros tipos de recipientes. Esses filmes são usados para rotular, proteger, parcelar ou aumentar o valor do produto. Serão aplicados, dentro da faixa de % indicada para obter o efeito desejado. A propriedade de termoencolhimento pode ser obtida com o uso de policaprolactona e borracha natural epoxidada. Quantidade: 0,1 a 20%.[035] . In the case of other additives such as heat shrinkage promoters, properties for outer packaging for bottles, cans and other types of containers are obtained. These films are used to label, protect, parcel or increase the value of the product. They will be applied, within the indicated % range to obtain the desired effect. The heat shrink property can be achieved with the use of polycaprolactone and epoxidized natural rubber. Quantity: 0.1 to 20%.
[036] . Os componentes da formulação da matriz polimérica biodegradável são adicionados a um alimentador ou a um misturador, e em seguida aquecidos, gradativamente ou não, de 25 °C a 50 °C até a completa homogeneização dos componentes. Em seguida a mistura é alimentada em um equipamento, por exemplo, extrusora, que fará a fundição gradativa do material desde 90 °C até 170 °C nas zonas de aquecimento, uma velocidade de rosca de 40 a 100 RPM. Esta etapa pode ser realizada tanto em extrusora quando em equipamentos similares, desde que observados os ajustes de processo como temperatura e rotação, resultando em material plastificado.[036] . The components of the biodegradable polymeric matrix formulation are added to a feeder or a mixer, and then heated, gradually or not, from 25 °C to 50 °C until complete homogenization of the components. Then the mixture is fed into an equipment, for example, an extruder, which will gradually melt the material from 90 °C to 170 °C in the heating zones, at a screw speed of 40 to 100 RPM. This step can be performed either in an extruder or in similar equipment, as long as the process adjustments such as temperature and rotation are observed, resulting in a plasticized material.
[037] . Os aditivos serão adicionados ao processo durante as etapas de mistura, ou de fundição ou peletização, conforme a sua termoestabilidade e a sua solubilidade, ou de acordo com o resultado pretendido.[037] . Additives will be added to the process during the mixing, casting or pelletizing steps, depending on their thermostability and solubility, or according to the desired result.
[038] . O material plastificado é bombeado através de um molde e assim o sistema de extrusão, ou similar, mantém uma tensão constante sobre o material extrudado ou fundido. Este material é em seguida peletizado ou fragmentado para a produção dos pellets, ou granulados.[038] . The plasticized material is pumped through a mold and so the extrusion system, or similar, maintains a constant tension on the extruded or cast material. This material is then pelleted or fragmented to produce pellets or granules.
[039] . É importante salientar que por ser um material de origem orgânica natural, é necessário utilizar os componentes em uma faixa de temperatura que não promova a termodegradação. O processo apresentado identificou faixas de temperaturas capazes de manter as características desejáveis de um polímero convencional sem alterações que prejudiquem a biodegradabilidade.[039] . It is important to point out that since it is a material of natural organic origin, it is necessary to use the components in a temperature range that does not promote thermodegradation. The presented process identified temperature ranges capable of maintaining the desirable characteristics of a conventional polymer without alterations that could impair biodegradability.
[040] . Os pellets/granulados foram extrudados e colocados em uma cabeça tubular que produz um tubo de filme fino, onde é soprado devido ao aumento da pressão do interior do tubo com ajuda do ar comprimido; sendo resfriada e compactada com a ajuda dos rolos de suporte, até obter o material bobinado. Para produzir os filmes foram utilizadas velocidades de rosca de 60 a 120 rpm, usando um perfil de temperatura na faixa de 90 a 180 °C para as zonas de aquecimento.[040] . The pellets/granulates were extruded and placed in a tubular head that produces a thin film tube, where it is blown due to the increase in pressure inside the tube with the help of compressed air; being cooled and compacted with the help of the support rollers, until the material is wound. To produce the films, screw speeds from 60 to 120 rpm were used, using a temperature profile in the range of 90 to 180 °C for the heating zones.
[041] . Os pellets ou granulados da matriz polimérica biodegradável pode ser submetida a diferentes processos para obtenção de produtos por injeção, laminação, calandragem, termomoldagem ou termoformagem, rotomoldagem entre outros.[041] The biodegradable polymer matrix pellets or granules can be subjected to different processes to obtain products by injection, lamination, calendering, thermoforming or thermoforming, rotational molding, among others.
[42] Apresentam completa biodegradabilidade em solo simulado em até 5 meses (seguindo as normas NBR 15448-2, ASTM D6400 e ASTM D5338), ou seja, todos os componentes da formulação foram convertidos em biomassa, água, mineriais e gás carbônico;[42] They present complete biodegradability in simulated soil in up to 5 months (following NBR 15448-2, ASTM D6400 and ASTM D5338 standards), that is, all formulation components were converted into biomass, water, minerals and carbon dioxide;
[43] O produto apresenta maleabilidade;[43] The product is malleable;
[44] Apresenta barreira ao vapor d'água (baixa permeabilidade ao vapor d' água;[44] Has a water vapor barrier (low water vapor permeability;
[45] O produto apresenta resistência à tração;[45] The product has tensile strength;
[46] O produto apresenta alongamento à ruptura;[46] The product is elongated at break;
[47] Gasto energético reduzido do equipamento para a produção dos pellets/granulados;[47] Reduced energy expenditure of equipment for the production of pellets/granulates;
[48] Absorve baixo teor de água mesmo em ambientes úmidos;[48] Absorbs low water content even in wet environments;
[49] Apresenta termosoldagem de suas extremidades, capaz de resistir transporte de até 4,5 Kg de materiais;[49] It features thermosealing of its ends, capable of resisting transport of up to 4.5 Kg of materials;
[50] Não fragmenta e não polui o meio ambiente com microplásticos;[50] Does not fragment and does not pollute the environment with microplastics;
[51] Não gera microplásticos como produtos de degradação;[51] Does not generate microplastics as degradation products;
[52] Viabilidade maior comparado aos produtos feitos somente com os biopolímeros PLA e PHB;[52] Greater viability compared to products made only with PLA and PHB biopolymers;
[53] Produzido por fonte renovável que não apresenta resíduo de degradação na natureza;[53] Produced from a renewable source that does not present degradation residue in nature;
[54] Impacto zero ao meio ambiente;[54] Zero impact on the environment;
[55] Totalmente compostável;[55] Fully compostable;
[56] Pode ser utilizado para incremento nutricional de solo.[56] It can be used for soil nutritional enhancement.
[57] Apresenta tenacidade;[57] Shows tenacity;
[58] Apresenta aderência de informações impressas.[58] Displays printed information adherence.
Claims (4)
- a) Amido ou amido modificado, na proporção de 40 a 60 g/100 g mistura;
- b) Co-poliésteres-alifáticos-aromáticos (ácido poliláctico - PLA, policaprolactona - PCL, poli butileno 2,5-tiofeno dicarboxilato - PBTF, poli butilenosuccinato-co-butilenoadipato - PBSA, poli butilenosuccinato -PBS, poli adipato-co-estereftalato de butileno - PBAT, ou mistura deles), na proporção de 20 a 40g/100 g mistura;
- c) Agente de corpo/massa de natureza orgânica (pectinas, celulose, farelo, fibras, farelos, cascas de grãos e sementes, cascas de frutas, proteínas de sorgo ou triticale, entre outros, ou mistura deles) na proporção de 0 a 40g/100 g mistura.
- a) Starch or modified starch, in the proportion of 40 to 60 g/100 g mixture;
- b) Aliphatic-aromatic co-polyesters (polylactic acid - PLA, polycaprolactone - PCL, polybutylene 2,5-thiophene dicarboxylate - PBTF, polybutylenesuccinate-co-butyleneadipate - PBSA, polybutylenesuccinate -PBS, polyadipate-co-esterephthalate of butylene - PBAT, or a mixture of them), in the proportion of 20 to 40g/100 g mixture;
- c) Body/mass agent of an organic nature (pectins, cellulose, bran, fibers, bran, grain and seed husks, fruit rind, sorghum or triticale proteins, among others, or a mixture of them) in the proportion of 0 to 40g /100 g mixture.
- a) extrato ou biomassa microalgal, na quantidade de 0,01 a 10 % m/m;
- b) plastificantes, na quantidade de 10 a 25 % m/m;
- c) antiumectantes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 4 % m/m;
- d) compatibilizantes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 4 % m/m;
- e) antibacterianos, na quantidade de 0,01 a 5 % m/m;
- f) antifúngicos, na quantidade de 0,01 a 3 % m/m;
- g) corantes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 10 % m/m;
- h) estabilizantes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 3 % m/m;
- i) antioxidantes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 4 % m/m;
- j) repelentes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 4 % m/m;
- k) impermeabilizantes, na quantidade de 0,01 a 3 % m/m.
- a) microalgal extract or biomass, in the amount of 0.01 to 10% m/m;
- b) plasticizers, in the amount of 10 to 25% w/w;
- c) anti-humectants, in the amount of 0.01 to 4% m/m;
- d) compatibilizers, in the amount of 0.01 to 4% m/m;
- e) antibacterials, in the amount of 0.01 to 5% m/m;
- f) antifungals, in the amount of 0.01 to 3% m/m;
- g) dyes, in the amount of 0.01 to 10% m/m;
- h) stabilizers, in the amount of 0.01 to 3% m/m;
- i) antioxidants, in the amount of 0.01 to 4% m/m;
- j) repellents, in the amount of 0.01 to 4% m/m;
- k) waterproofing agents, in the amount of 0.01 to 3% m/m.
- a) Mistura e aquecimento do amido ou amido modificado, dos co-poliésteres-alifáticos-aromáticos e do agente de corpo/massa, de 25 °C a 50 °C, até a completa homogeneização dos componentes;
- b) Adição da mistura homogeneizada em equipamento para fundição gradativa desde 90 °C até 170 °C, sob agitação, em velocidade de rosca de 40 a 100 RPM, formando material plastificado;
- c) Adição dos aditivos conforme a sua termoestabilidade e a sua solubilidade;
- d) Bombeamento do material plastificado através de molde para a formação de pellets e/ou granulados.
- a) Mixing and heating the starch or modified starch, the aliphatic-aromatic co-polyesters and the body/mass agent, from 25 °C to 50 °C, until the components are completely homogenized;
- b) Addition of the homogenized mixture in equipment for gradual casting from 90 °C to 170 °C, under agitation, at a screw speed of 40 to 100 RPM, forming plasticized material;
- c) Addition of additives according to their thermostability and solubility;
- d) Pumping the plasticized material through a mold to form pellets and/or granules.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR102020005015-0A BR102020005015A2 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | BIODEGRADABLE COMPOUND OF POLYMERIC MATRICES |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR102020005015-0A BR102020005015A2 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | BIODEGRADABLE COMPOUND OF POLYMERIC MATRICES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR102020005015A2 true BR102020005015A2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
Family
ID=90728521
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR102020005015-0A BR102020005015A2 (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2020-03-12 | BIODEGRADABLE COMPOUND OF POLYMERIC MATRICES |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR102020005015A2 (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-03-12 BR BR102020005015-0A patent/BR102020005015A2/en unknown
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7275201B2 (en) | Masterbatch compositions containing high concentrations of biological entities | |
| Zhong et al. | Biodegradable polymers and green-based antimicrobial packaging materials: A mini-review | |
| JP7217267B2 (en) | Liquid compositions containing biological entities and uses thereof | |
| AU2018326547B2 (en) | Biodegradable polyester article comprising enzymes | |
| Surendren et al. | A review of biodegradable thermoplastic starches, their blends and composites: Recent developments and opportunities for single-use plastic packaging alternatives | |
| CN106221165B (en) | A kind of whole life cycle design of high-barrier and preparation method thereof | |
| Popa et al. | Polyhydroxybutyrate blends: A solution for biodegradable packaging? | |
| EP2920245B1 (en) | Biodegradable polyester composition | |
| EP3064542B1 (en) | Biodegradable thermoplastic polymer compostion, method for its manufacture and use thereof | |
| WO2013017431A1 (en) | Biodegradable polyester film | |
| Nesic et al. | Bio-based packaging materials | |
| Roy et al. | Recent progress in PBAT-based films and food packaging applications: A mini-review | |
| CN109504042A (en) | PHA modified TPS/PBAT biodegradable resin and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2019011643A1 (en) | Biodegradable film for food packaging | |
| Sirohi et al. | Thermoplastic starch | |
| Guarás et al. | Recent advances in thermoplastic starch biodegradable nanocomposites | |
| Machado et al. | Melt extrusion of environmentally friendly poly (L-lactic acid)/sodium metabisulfite films for antimicrobial packaging applications | |
| BR102020005015A2 (en) | BIODEGRADABLE COMPOUND OF POLYMERIC MATRICES | |
| WO2016090511A1 (en) | Reactive extrusion process for the production of a bioplastic material with bioactive properties, from compostable materials from renewable sources and fossils, and resulting bioplastic material | |
| KR102264798B1 (en) | compound for biodegradable plastic and manufacturing method of eco-friendly biodegradable plastic bag | |
| RU2822267C1 (en) | Biodegradable composition for mulching film | |
| CA3204713A1 (en) | Compositions for making biodegradable plastic | |
| Srivastava | Green Chemistry and Biodegradable Packaging | |
| CN117986821A (en) | Polymer composition, packaging material and application | |
| CN104151684A (en) | Environment-friendly oxygen-proof degradable film |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| B03A | Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette] | ||
| B07A | Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette] |