BR102016021660A2 - HIGH PERFORMANCE METAL SPIRAL ARCHES FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION AND INTERNAL SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINING AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to high energy conservation metal spiral arcs with internal support and kneading resistance systems for use in equipment, pipes and heating branches, totally free of mass type thermal insulators such as rock, glass there, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, etc. High heat resistance, detachable, or removable. The object of this invention is the high performance energy conserving metal spiral arcs, which were designed and developed from the mathematical models of the proper curves of the well-known archimedean and newton, euler, or fibonacci, etc. spirals. thus, it is certainly possible to maintain, at excellent levels, the temperature and physicochemical characteristics of the fluids along the pipes and equipment due to the very low effective thermal conductivity of the applied system.

Description

(54) Title: SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION AND INTERNAL SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINING AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE (51) Int. Cl .: F16L 59/125; F16L 59/147; F16L 59/12 (73) Owner (s): MAURÍLIO PESSOA DE OLIVEIRA (72) Inventor (s): MAURÍLIO PESSOA DE OLIVEIRA (74) Attorney (s): CÉLIA NOVAES & ASSOCIADOS SOCIEDADE SIMPLES LTDA.

(57) Abstract: The present invention refers to SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for application in equipment, pipes and heating branches, totally free of thermal insulators type grease, such as rock wool, glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, etc. high thermal resistance, detachable, or removable. The object of this invention are the SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, which were conceived and developed from the mathematical models of curves proper to the well-known Spirals of Archimedes and those of Newton, Euler, or Fibonacci, etc. Thus, it is surely possible to maintain, at excellent levels, the temperature and the physicochemical characteristics of the fluids along the pipes and in the equipment due to the very low effective thermal conductivity of the applied system.

/ 40

SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION AND INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE

FIELD OF INVENTION [1] The present invention relates to SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for application in equipment, pipes and heating branches, totally free of thermal insulation dough type, such as rock wool, glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, etc. high thermal resistance, detachable, or removable.

[2] The object of this invention are the SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, which were conceived and developed from the mathematical models of curves proper to the well-known Spirals of Archimedes and those of Newton, Euler, or Fibonacci, etc. Thus, it is certainly possible to maintain, at excellent levels, the temperature and the physico-chemical characteristics of the fluids along the pipes and equipment, operating at low and / or high temperatures, due to the very low effective thermal conductivity of the system applied.

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION [3] For a better understanding, some clarifications are needed about what spirals are, types, examples from nature, some properties and what man has developed adopting the shape of spirals for his benefit:

[4] Spirals were not created by man who only found their beauty and importance from observations, in the constitution and shape of some living beings phenomena, such as snails and conches, some plants, galaxies (astronomy) has a formation of a spiral, and even cyclones, tornadoes and hurricanes. As if

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 3/63 / 40 proves in the examples below:

[5] In New Zealand it has about 146 species of ferns that are trees and plants whose leaves are shaped like a spiral.

[6] In several other locations, around the world, we can find the Nautilus Pompilius which is a crustacean that develops its own shell with internal chambers that have one of the most beautiful forms of logarithmic spiral in nature.

[7] Caracóis e Búzios, so well known in Brazil, also present beautiful examples of the shapes of living beings in authentic spirals.

[8] The Fibonacci spiral can be found in various forms such as: mollusks, flowers, arrangements of atoms, DNA strands and molecules.

The. In Egypt some types of spirals are found in the construction of the pyramid from the base to the top.

B. Outer space and the formation of galaxies;

ç. Hurricanes and tornadoes with their devastating effects;

d. The Flight of the Peregrine Falcon - VANCE A. TUCKER, The Journal of experimental Biology 203, 3733-3744, 3745-3754 and 3755-3763, (2000).

and. The Peregrine Falcon uses two high performance (performance) skills - flight speed and sharpness of visual perception to attack its victim. It is flying at great height and when it finds prey, the size of a bentevi, 1km away, it hurls itself at it at great speed. The drag force, particularly at speeds exceeding 50 meters per second, is minimized by keeping the head in line with the body.

[9] The solution for the falcon is to fly along a logarithmic spiral, with its head and body aligned along the flight line at a 40 degree angle to the prey's line of sight, until almost 90% of the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 4/63

3/40 distance has been covered. At that point, binocular acuity is sufficient to guide an attack in a straight line. Several summers of observation with computerized tracking equipment have confirmed that peregrine falcons do in fact fly along spiral trajectories.

[10] Academic studies

Archimedes' Spiral (287-212 BC) [11] The polar equation is given by:

r = k0

Where r is the radius and k is a proportionality constant. The spiral can be defined as the location of the points P that move uniformly along a radius that, in turn, rotates uniformly in a plane around the origin.

B Newton's spiral [12] The logarithmic spiral appears in three propositions in Newton's “Principia”:

The. Proposition IX, Book I Propositions XV and XVI, Book II

B. Proposition IX. Problem IV.

[13] If a body moves in a PQS spiral, cutting all SP, SQ, & c rays at a given angle, it is proposed to find the law of centripetal force tending to the center of that spiral.

[14] The equation that defines the curve is, dr dn coté * = - = rdcp udrp where: u =} ~ · ¹ [15] The solution to this equation is u = exp (ç? Coté ·) (t where the integration constant was absorbed in u.

[16] This is the logarithmic or equiangular spiral.

C Euler spiral [17] The remarkable curve known as Euler spiral and

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 5/63 / 40 later, called Clothoid. It is observed that, unlike the curves presented by the Greeks, the Euler Spiral or Clothoid was defined and later developed using the Differential and Integral Calculation techniques.

[18] The history of Euler's Spiral begins, indirectly, in the Theory of Elasticity.

The Clothoid is the only curve with the property that the center of gravity of any arc is the center of similarity of the oscillating circles at the ends of the arc.

[19] This spiral began in the work of Elástica with James Bernoulli and Euler, in the theories of light diffraction and in the tracing of transition curves.

[20] The Euler spiral, over time, has been associated with several different problems and has consequently been constructed in different ways, first as an elasticity problem, then to associate light diffraction values and, finally, as a transition curve.

[21] For the purpose of this patent, the following criteria were used to select the most suitable spiral types:

[22] As it is applied to pipes whose cross-section is circular and the space around them is usually limited by other pipes and / or equipment, the most suitable types of spiral are the SPIRAL LOGARITHMIC and the SPIRAL ARCHIMEDES by the following reasons:

[23] ESPIRAL LOGARÍTMICA is recognized as the most notable and efficient with numerous examples available in nature, as already mentioned, including its variations such as SPIRALS OF NEWTON, EULER, or FIBONACCI etc .;

[24] LOGARITHMIC SPIRALS have as their main

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 6/63 / 40 characteristic the continuous increase of the step [25] THE SPIRAL OF ARCHIMEDES is a flat curve that turns around a point and that, in each of these turns, it moves further away from that point, but the step it is constant unlike the other spirals.

[26] The spiral is the curved line that is created at a point and that progressively moves away from the center as it rotates around it.

[27] Often, the concepts of spiral and helix are used interchangeably. The spiral, in any case, is always flat, whereas the helix is three-dimensional. The helix, therefore, is a spatial curve.

[28] Archimedes' spiral has several applications, the most used of which are Springs and Screws. Vinyl records are a classic example in the real world. Spiral compressors, made of two interwoven Archimedes spirals of the same size, are used to compress liquids and gases;

[29] There are several large and heavy equipment that use, only INTERNALLY, Archimedes' spirals, such as screw pumps, screw compressors and heat exchangers where the fluids work or are drained under pressure;

[30] Archimedes spirals are also used in food microbiology to determine bacterial concentration through a spiral plate;

[31] One of the industrial segments that have advanced considerably in recent years has been the development and manufacture of WIDE TRANSMISSION ANTENNAS for broadband communication whose format of one of the most efficient types is faithfully that of one or two Archimedes spirals that in operation passively creates an Active and an Inactive area due to the influence exerted by one of the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 7/63 / 40 turns that negates some effects of the other turn creating a so-called dead zone.

[32] The properties of sinuous curves, although widely explored and partially dissected by scientists, mathematicians and other scholars, there is still no deeper knowledge for adopting their properties for the manufacture of thermal energy conservation products.

[33] However, there are methodologies and software that make it possible to carry out advanced heat transfer calculations in confined spaces including the winding curves of the spirals and that prove their efficiency, considering analysis by finite element calculations and the following aspects:

[34] The search for trajectories and / or sinuous shapes on surfaces that provide a balance of viscous forces with those of fluid inertia and even minimizing MOLECULAR COLLISION which in itself reduces the thermal conductivity of the fluid, notably if it is air as it occurs in SPIRAL SPACES and thus creates inactive zones with negligible levels of the effects of Thermal Convection;

[35] The minimization of radiosity (radiosity), which means the sum of the reflected radiation and the radiation emitted from each surface in SPIRAL SPACES, providing diffuse emissivity, backscattering and backscattering of electromagnetic waves.

[36] In order to obtain and manufacture the object of this patent application, the shape of a spiral is obtained from thin flat sheets or plates, preferably metallic ones, manufactured from lamination processes, to later be molded or shaped, hot or cold, to obtain the sinuous shape according to the mathematical model of spiral to be used as one of the components of the object of the patent application.

[37] Extrusion is another process that can be used, in the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 8/63 / 40 however, in this case the desirable thin thicknesses obtained in the lamination will hardly be achieved.

[38] The cross section of the thin curved leaf (Spiral Leaf) will have its final shape according to the number of revolutions (turns) previously considered, formed at once or divided into small arches, which will complement each other step by step when of its assembly.

[39] It is well known to the entire scientific community, especially mathematicians and physicists, that it is easy to prove the fact that, always, each arc component of a spiral obeys the path or configuration of the complete spiral. Thus, when a spiral is divided or sectioned, the original properties of the spiral will be maintained in each component arc.

[40] As an example, the Flight of the Peregrine Falcon - VANCE A. TUCKER, The Journal of experimental Biology 203, 3733-3744, 3745-3754 and 3755-3763, (2000) - whose research and observations, for a long time, with computerized tracking equipment they confirmed that in fact the peregrine falcons fly along spiral trajectories, but the length of the bow varies according to the distance to the prey located for the attack.

[41] Another important observation refers to the number of revolutions of a SPIRAL that can be split, exactly due to the distance or length of the trajectory to be reached. Therefore the number of revolutions or turns may be smaller or larger than any natural number, assuming that each complete revolution equals 360. For example: 0.3rev, 0.5rev, 1.7rev, 4.3rev, etc.

[42] The main objective of adopting components in HELICOIDAL FORM is to create a SPIRAL SPACE formed between the surfaces of 2 (two) thin curved sheets in the form of a spiral arc, and, for the purpose of thermal calculations, the outer surface of the own

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 9/63 / 40 tubing, or equipment, is now considered as a spiral arch because it physically acts as a spiral leaf whose cross-section has the shape of a 0.5rev spiral arch, and where the entire conservation process begins of thermal energy.

[43] For ease of manufacture, assembly and installation, each curved metal sheet (Spiral Sheet) must be manufactured obtaining a cross section equal to an arc with 0.5rev, so each sheet will have 2 (two) circumferential ends and 2 ( two) lateral edges, diametrically opposite, along its length. Curved sheets can be any length (1m, 1.5m, 2m, etc.).

[44] However, to ensure optimal performance, the minimum number of curved sheets (Spiral Sheets) to be assembled is 2 Spiral Trajectories (outer surface of the pipe and 1st Spiral Sheet), with:

[45] The 1st Spiral Sheet fits tangentially to the outer surface of the tubing, as the radius of curvature of the 1st Spiral Sheet is necessarily slightly larger than the outer radius of the tubing, and each of these surfaces integrates a different spiral path.

[46] This done, the 2 (two) surfaces should then be approximated and fixed together, only by one of the longitudinal lateral edges of the 1st Spiral Sheet, so that they always remain together, the other edge of the 1st Spiral Sheet and the other edge of the 2nd sheet will be free and spaced apart.

[47] If there are other paths, that is, other curved sheets with greater radii of curvature, the assembly sequence will follow the same step by step, for example, for 3 (three) spiral paths (outer surface of the pipe and 2 curved sheets) ):

[48] The 1st sheet (already joined to the external surface of the pipe) and the 2nd Spiral Sheet fit together, that is, one inside the other (convex concave), since the radius of curvature of the 2nd sheet is necessarily a

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 10/63 / 40 slightly larger than the 1st leaf, and each of them integrates a different spiral path.

[49] This done, the 1st sheet and the 2nd Spiral Sheet should then be joined and fixed together, by the longitudinal edge that was free of the 1st Spiral Sheet, by small rivets, screws, weld points, friezes etc. , remaining the other edge of the 2nd Spiral Leaf free.

[50] For 4 (four) spiral paths (outer surface of the pipe and 3 curved sheets), for example:

[51] The 2nd leaf (already attached to the 1st leaf) and the 3rd Spiral Leaf fit together, that is, one inside the other (concave-convex) because the radius of curvature of the 3rd leaf is necessarily a little larger than the 2nd leaf , and each of them integrates a different spiral trajectory.

[52] This done, the 2nd sheet and the 3rd Spiral Sheet should then be joined and fixed together, by the longitudinal edge that was free of the 2nd Spiral Sheet, by small rivets, screws, weld points, friezes etc. , remaining the other edge of the 3rd Spiral Leaf free.

[53] And so on until reaching the Last Spiral Curve, which has all dimensions larger than the others, already assembled, such as radius of curvature, wall thickness, material specified as Laminated Safety Glass, Fiber Cement, and metals like steel , galvalume and aluminum, as if it were a protective cover.

[54] This difference in specification and dimensions is justified because it is the Last Spiral Curve of the system and, therefore, the outermost surface in direct contact with the environment, subject to inclement weather, efforts and / or mechanical impacts, trampling, humidity , corrosion, etc.

[55] The arrangement achieved by the fixation between the internal curved leaves (Spiral Sheets) makes the spiral arches remain structurally resistant and naturally positioned, without suffering mechanical efforts and without the use of separators or

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 11/63 / 40 spacers eliminating possible thermal bridges of heat conduction, but in pipes with large diameters, depending on the thickness of the spiral sheet and its rigidity; screws or adjusting pins may be inserted at spaced points.

[56] This arrangement with curved leaves (spiral leaves), fixed two by two, creates between the same SPIRAL SPACES with spiral trajectories that have alternating clockwise and counterclockwise directions, or vice versa, so that they make the effects of movement negligible. molecular (thermal convection), which normally occurs in confined spaces.

[57] Each SPIRAL SPACE starts at the longitudinal edges where 2 (two) curved sheets (Spiral Sheets) were joined or fixed. At this point the distance between the 2 (two) leaves is minimal (choke point), but gradually increases, in a spiral path clockwise or counterclockwise until reaching the maximum opening between the 2 (two) leaves (Spiral Leaves) which occurs at the end of the course limited by the adopted number of revolutions (0.3rev, 0.5rev, 1.7rev, 4.9rev, etc.) of those SPIRALS. ADJACENT SPIRAL SPACES have reversed directions of rotation (clockwise or counterclockwise).

[58] THERMAL CONVECTION is the only means of heat transmission that occurs in a fluid (gaseous or liquid) by transferring mass from one layer / area to another less heated due to the thrust caused only by the difference in density between the different layers / areas of air in that space.

[59] Hence the importance of searching for paths and / or sinuous shapes on surfaces that provide balance of viscous forces with those of fluid inertia and even minimizing MOLECULAR COLLISION which in itself reduces the thermal conductivity of the fluid noticeably if it is the air as it does in SPIRAL SPACES.

[60] The minimization of the thermal exchange between the internal surfaces of the same SPIRAL SPACES by thermal radiation, depending on the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 12/63 / 40 eccentric spacing and oblique positioning between the surfaces of curved sheets (Spiral Sheets), providing diffuse emissivity, backscattering and backscattering of electromagnetic waves.

[61] The THERMAL RADIATION that occurs between the surfaces in the SPIRAL SPACES is then minimized not only by the low emissivity of the materials used, but also by the shape and / or combination of shapes of the surfaces that complement each other creating divergent paths that take the waves electromagnetic signals for desired points of high reflectivity and low absorption of radiation.

[62] This fact is proven not only due to lower temperatures in tests and field measurements, but in the verification and analysis by finite element calculations when it demonstrates the minimization of radiosity (radiosity), which means the sum of the reflected radiation and the radiation emitted from each surface in the SPIRAL SPACES formed between the curved leaves.

[63] This method of conserving thermal energy, in SPIRAL SPACES, differs from the simple application of parallel and / or concentric multilayer surfaces that requires the insertion of dozens or more of internal components with separators or undulations, restricting the empty spaces until then existing, and presents, in a simple analysis, disadvantages such as increasing the weight of the set due to the inclusion of new elements and materials and also, at least, a slow and high cost manufacturing process.

[64] SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches, are composed of elements and / or parts obtained by the lamination process and / or conformation, which act together, having curved cross sections, in the form of SPIRALS,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 13/63 / 40 with reduced number of revolutions and constant pitch, in the case of the ARCHIMEDES spiral, with continuous step increase when considering the logarithmic spiral, such as NEWTON, EULER and the following ones the FIBONACCI sequence.

[65] The object of this patent application was designed to also be removable in order to facilitate its assembly and installation and subsequent withdrawals for maintenance. The most reasonable formatting found for this purpose was to create 2 (two) distinct sections, manufactured separately and independently, and which complement each other when assembled and installed. Using as a reference a horizontal pipe divided in half by a plane also horizontal, the Upper Section refers to the set of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) positioned above the horizontal plane mentioned and the Lower Section refers to the set of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) positioned below the horizontal plane mentioned.

[66] The Upper Section and the Lower Section, despite being part of the same thermal energy conservation system, object of this patent application, have the same objective as the proven energy conservation, but with different thermal behaviors depending on the positioning of each one (top and bottom) of the “Sections” in relation to the pipe, with different amounts of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) and different structural functions.

[67] The Upper Section has all the components in the form of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) whose quantity varies according to the spiral trajectories defined in the thermal calculations, alternately interconnected, including the outer one, which is actually the Last Curve of Superior Spiral, which has all dimensions greater than the other curved sheets (Spiral Sheets), such as the radius of curvature, wall thickness, different material specified as Safety Laminated Glass, Fiber Cement, or metals like steel,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 14/63 / 40 galvalume and / or structural aluminum because it is the outermost surface in direct contact with the environment, subject to weather, mechanical stresses and / or impacts, trampling, moisture, corrosion etc., it has, in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Superior Spiral Space, the function of not allowing mechanical efforts, which act by compression, such as impacts and trampling, to be transmitted to the internal components.

[68] This objective is fully achieved due to the coupling, or fitting, of this Upper Section with the Lower Section.

[69] This Lower Section, like the Upper Section, has all the main components in the form of Spiral Curves (Spiral Sheets), the amount of which, however, is much smaller than that existing in the Upper Section, and varies according to the defined spiral trajectories. in thermal calculations, alternately interconnected, including the outermost which is actually the Last Lower Spiral Curve, which has all dimensions greater than the other curved sheets (Spiral Sheets), such as the radius of curvature, wall thickness, different material specified as Laminated Safety Glass, Fiber Cement, or metals such as steel, galvalume and / or structural aluminum because it is the outermost surface in direct contact with the environment, subject to weather, mechanical stresses and / or impacts, moisture, corrosion etc., has, in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Lower Spiral Space, has the function of supporting mechanical efforts, coming from the Upper Section before possible impacts and trampling, preventing them from being transmitted to internal components.

[70] And for that it has an INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE, which keeps it suspended or hung by rods, such as metal straps or U-type screws, with the mouth turned down, which involve

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 15/63 / 40 only the horizontal piping, and the external support plates are connected, positioned in the lower generatrix of this Lower Section, thus avoiding any possibility of compression in the internal components and thin SPIRAL sheets, as occurs in traditional thermal insulation systems dough type such as glass wool, rock wool, ceramic fiber, calcium silicate, perlite, polyurethane etc., which, due to the efforts, impacts and trampling on the external protection layer, cause kneading, cracks and degradation which is one of the main known problems that inevitably occur in them.

[71] This is really another innovation incorporated and integrated into the product SPIRAL METAL ARCS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches, as there is no similar thing, applied internally or inserted in the products for conservation of thermal energy and / or thermal insulators.

[72] This statement is corroborated even when seeking examples or testimonials from specialists and members of technical standards commissions for thermal insulation in large companies, technical associations, national and foreign government agencies, research institutes etc., such as Petrobras, IBP , ABNT, BPetroleum, BStandards, ASTM, API, NORSOK, Norwegian Technology Standards Institution, ASME, ISO etc., and it turns out that this idea is really new and practical, also confirmed by the absolute and proven lack of information or references regarding something similar incorporated into any product for the protection of thermal insulators, including construction reports, procedures for the application / assembly of thermal insulators, national and / or foreign technical standards inherent to the subject, articles and quotes or advertisements from any manufacturing companies and / or

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 16/63 / 40 thermal insulating distributors of any type or form, thermal insulating assemblers / installers etc. all around the world.

[73] Technical standards, worldwide, when it comes to INDUSTRIAL PIPING, quote and classify a wide variety of different types and standardized models of SUPPORTS FOR THERMAL INSULATED PIPING.

[74] Piping supports are devices intended only to support the weights and other efforts exerted by the tubes or on the tubes, transmitting these efforts directly to the ground, to neighboring structures, to equipment or, even, to other nearby tubes. When some technical standards also define the maximum spans in balance, for bi-supported stretches, according to the specifications, materials, thicknesses, diameters and consequent weights of the tubes involved, some criteria are considered, such as Petrobras' N-46 , in Brazil:

1. Consider the tube filled with water, at the allowable voltage ...

2. The value of the arrow was limited to 6 mm inside the process units (“on site”) and 25 mm outside (“off site”).

3. The corrosion over-thickness adopted was 1.6 mm or 3.2 mm, as the case may be, and the manufacturing tolerance was set at □ 12.5% of the pipe thickness.

4. Consider the specific weights of 2 160 N / m3 for thermal insulation (calcium silicate), 76 790 N / m3 for carbon steel and 9 807 N / m3 for water.

5. Do not consider the additional overload of 100 kgf in the center of the span or any other overloads.

6. Adopt, for thermal insulation, the economic thicknesses mentioned in specific thermal insulation standards.

[75] It appears that items 4 and 6 mention thermal insulators, but

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 17/63 / 40 only to add external loads to the piping for dimensioning the PIPE SUPPORTS.

[76] Item 5, calls attention for textually establishing the non-consideration of an additional overload of 100kgf, which refers to possible trampling (man walking) on the pipe, which unfortunately is a recurring practice and when this occurs, in isolated pipes thermally, the loads applied during trampling compress the thermal insulator against the external surface of the pipe, generating gradual damages such as deformations of the external protection plate, crushing or thinning of the fibrous insulators and inevitable cracks in the rigid insulators.

[77] The already secular mass-type insulators such as calcium silicate, glass wool, rock there, ceramic fiber, perlite, polyurethane, etc. they only use external protections in accordance with traditional and outdated technical standards that mention corrugated or smooth aluminum sheets, steel sheets or sheets, asphalt compounds, PVC or other polymer layers such as HDPE etc., which only externally involve thermal insulators.

[78] In some cases, radial metallic spacers are used for fibrous insulators, manufactured in loco in workshops by third parties (body shop / boiler shop), which in addition to not being components of the Thermal Insulation product, aim only at maintaining the outer sheet of metal sheet as well manufactured on the spot practically artisanal by third parties (body shop / boiler shop).

[79] These are alternative and palliative resources, but all invariably do not support, nor prevent the efforts of compression, which act on the outer protective layer, such as mechanical impacts and trampling, even if partially reduced, reach traditional insulators, tearing them apart. cracking them (rigid insulators), kneading them and reducing the thickness of the insulator etc., as they were always designed to be applied directly

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 18/63 / 40 on thermal insulators, which in turn are applied directly to the external surface of the pipe or equipment, and their degradation and / or deterioration over time is inevitable.

[80] The object of this patent application that uses an INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE, for pipes and horizontal tubular equipment that is integrated and inserted only in the section or lower channel, was also designed to absorb and support all cargo and other efforts coming from the section or Upper Gutter, without exercising any transfer, even minimal, of loads, impacts or external efforts on the thin Spiral Sheets of glass or metal existing inside the gutters.

[81] Thus, the internal components, such as the thin Spiral Sheets, will always be maintained in their positions by the effective mechanical protection of the section or Upper Gutter and, therefore, will not suffer breaks, deformations or wrinkles, even though they are quite thin or thin and, consequently, SPIRAL SPACES will continue to operate with efficient thermal energy conservation.

[82] SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches, of high thermal resistance, detachable, or removable, for pipes and equipment were designed to act with high performance, from cryogenic temperatures to fire temperatures (1260 ^o C) as well as to have great mechanical resistance, to be washable, to be composed of fully recyclable materials, and can be applied in areas prone to flooding and ensure that each piece or component is removable and thus, in the event of any unforeseen damage, the defective component will be restored on site and / or removed for repair and reapplied without impairing the high thermal performance of the system.

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 19/63 / 40

DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE.

[83] CONVENTIONAL THERMAL INSULATORS - dough type such as rock wool, calcium silicate, glass, ceramic fiber, polyurethane etc., whose technologies were developed over 80 (eighty) years ago. They are still quite indicated or specified by process engineering, mainly due to the lack of alternatives, in the various industrial segments, as a means of minimizing losses and / or gains in thermal energy. The restrictions and / or limitations for the manufacture, application and performance of these thermal insulators, can be easily related, such as:

- fragility in terms of mechanical resistance, mainly fibrous, which deform and tear without much effort such as rock wool, glass fiber wool, ceramic fiber etc., but in the case of rigid insulators such as calcium silicate and perlite, normally they present cracks and / or crumbles that are not present in the sample due to the existence of the aluminum protective layer, which in many cases gives an appearance of apparent normality, but which may have reached a state of inefficiency without being noticed;

- moisture absorption and do not allow to be applied in areas prone to flooding, this is one of the biggest factors of degradation suffered by conventional insulators and is practically irreversible, requiring the immediate replacement of all thermal insulation, However despite the customers / users realizing this reality remain for many years with the inevitable losses (high temperature) or gains (low temperature) generating huge financial losses and loss of profits in addition to the extremely high costs of replacing / replacing the degraded insulators and consequent increases in the generation of thermal energy and emission of CO ₂ to the environment;

- natural degradation over time (age from

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 20/63 / 40 application):

- do not fully comply with the SUSTAINABILITY policy, which is currently very much in vogue and is a basic requirement worldwide, as they are not recyclable, or economically impossible to recycle, nor reusable.

[84] Dangers and warnings regarding the use of rigid and / or fibrous insulators due to the release of powders and / or fibers into the environment, irritation of workers' skin and eyes, as well as lung problems, which require special care both for manufacturing and for assembly and installation at the work site, they can be verified by the manufacturers' own information that issue, according to the current legislation, the respective MSDS of their products where guidelines are found, such as:

- Hazard identification

- Main hazards: "Working with rock wool can cause skin irritation and some degree of irritation in the eyes and throat"

- First aid

- Inhalation: Remove the person to open air, drink enough water to clear the throat, blow the nose to expel the fibers.

- Skin contact: Wash the irritated area with soap and water.

- Eye contact: Wash with clean water for approximately 15 minutes. If symptoms persist consult a specialist.

- Ingestion: Wash your mouth and drink plenty of water, if symptoms persist seek medical attention.

- Personal protection measures

- Respiratory protection: Use dust mask type 3M, model 8710 or equivalent.

- Skin protection: Wear impervious gloves.

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 21/63 / 40

- Eye protection: Wear safety glasses.

- Other protective equipment: Long sleeve shirt, loose clothing and helmet.

- Hygiene measures: Wash work clothes separately to avoid contact with fibers.

- Ventilation: Use natural ventilation if mechanical ventilation is not sufficient to keep fiber concentrations in the air below the threshold value (TVL).

[85] They are dimensioned only for a restricted temperature range, and thus usually always present a picture of inefficiency and great waste of thermal energy over time.

[86] METALLIC THERMAL INSULATORS - There are still, in a very incipient way, metallic thermal insulation systems, developed for decades, practically banned from the market, due to the concepts adopted until then and consequent difficulties of manufacture, weight and costs involved, which were basically rectangular or square multilayered sheets of metal sheets and / or special pieces for pipes obtained through body shop services with cuts, folding and forming of metal sheets, with low productivity. This example also includes the “Thermal Convection Stratification Devices” patented in Brazil, under registration PI 9903604-5, which were not designed considering the properties of winding curves of the spirals, and their respective mathematical models, as recognized by patent author himself, being able to formally position himself whenever requested, and they were not split parts or pre-assembled in the factory and recognized as extremely fragile, because the external protection was with metal plates that only involved the product in the same way as applied to the insulators conventional, which do not support impacts or trampling and, therefore, certainly do not have similarity, conceptual,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 22/63 / 40 of parts detailing design, material specification, manufacturing and pre-assembly methods, application and installation procedures in the field with the product developed in 1999, as it differs in several aspects, such as:

I. The conservation of energy was not based on the adoption of the sinuous forms of logarithmic spirals or Archimedes;

II. The method of thermal RADIOSITY was never considered for dimensioning and obtaining the sinuous forms of internal components of the system and minimizing the effects of thermal radiation between surfaces;

III. They did not have support and load transfer supports for the lower surfaces of the protective cover, avoiding the kneading and deformation of the internal components;

IV. They did not use special components in Safety Laminated Glass and Fiber Cement in the protective cover, etc.

[87] In summary, it can be seen that in the case of conservation of thermal energy for application in pipes and / or equipment, there is a need to develop systems, devices or mechanisms that, in addition to being characterized as products of high thermal resistance, aggregate or meet joint requirements at the same time that can:

• to facilitate and make more efficient the conservation of thermal energy of lines that transport fluids of high or low temperatures.

• be made up of parts that are independent of each other, because in case of failure or defects in any of them, they would not affect the others, allowing their restoration in place or their removal for maintenance and re-application;

• have an INTERNAL SUPPORT SYSTEM AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE and cargo transfer

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 23/63 / 40 in order to withstand possible mechanical impacts and / or trampling, without affecting, crushing, tearing, cracking, etc., any internal components;

• use alternative and efficient materials with laminated safety glass and fiber cement in addition to the traditional rigid or flexible metallic materials in forming or extruding parts, for external protection.

• be removable and reusable;

• allow restoration and be made up of recyclable materials;

• be applicable in pipes and equipment that operate at temperatures up to fire temperatures (1260 ^o C);

• enable application even in areas prone to flooding, but which are not degraded by humidity, waterlogging or by the aggressive environment with sealed joints;

• use alternative and efficient materials such as laminated safety glass, fiber cement in addition to the traditional rigid metallic materials in forming or extruding parts, for external protection.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [88] This Invention Patent refers to SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches that form SPIRAL SPACES exempt totally of mass-type thermal insulators such as rock wool, glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel etc. high thermal resistance, detachable, or removable, for pipes and equipment. Thus, it is certainly possible to maintain, at excellent levels, the temperature and the physico-chemical characteristics of the fluids along the pipes due to the very low effective thermal conductivity of the applied system.

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 24/63 / 40 [89] SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION PERFORMANCE, with internal support and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches also present additional features never adopted in conventional systems in addition to the structural resistance itself, obtained in the manufacturing process, as they have an internal support system and resistance to kneading, never used or designed in conventional thermal insulation systems, which transfers loads or efforts applied to the outer surfaces of the upper channel (external upper generators) ) directly to the lower rail, which in turn is internally connected to the piping by means of supports or support rods.

[90] This internal system of support and resistance to kneading even allows the user to place, if necessary, an additional temporary cover on the upper rail in order to greatly increase the resistance to trampling and mechanical impacts, without reaching the internal components , because when trampling or strong impacts occur, the load will be distributed to the side flaps of the gutter, concentrating on the lower gutter and finally converging to the supports or risers positioned around the pipe, such as U-Clamp or support straps with the mouth facing towards low.

[91] It is essential to realize and understand that this support system acts only and exclusively so that the SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION of the Lower Section, that in the assembly and installation phase, on site, work site or work , is the first to be placed, in order to keep it hanging along the horizontal piping, just after receiving the HIGH PERFORMANCE SPIRAL METAL ARCHES from the Upper Section, whose longitudinal flaps or fittings are directly supported on the flaps or fittings gives

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 25/63 / 40

Lower section.

[92] In special cases, as required by the user or customer who may not want to achieve a high thermal efficiency, in some spiral spaces, conventional mass-type insulators may be inserted in combination with the STRATIFIED AIR or between them, such as calcium silicate, perlite, rock wool, glass wool, ceramic fiber, polyurethane or other insulators known in the market.

[93] Note: MASSA-type insulating materials or products, as mentioned above, after filling individually or in combination (two or more conventional insulators) will be completely protected, adding features and properties that normally and originally do not have the rigidity of surfaces external (walls), geometry and the environment totally protected from mechanical impacts, trampling, and minimizing continuous degradation processes due to humidity, soaking, tearing, loss of thermal efficiency, release of fibers or powders into the environment, which would cause irritation of people's skin and eyes etc.

[94] The SPIRAL METAL ARCHES FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION in the Lower Section, as they have more spaces than in the Upper Section, greatly facilitate their application in process pipes or equipment with heating branches (STEAMTRACERS):

[95] In this case, the “Lower Section”, is also partially occupied by the installation of the heating branches attached to the external surface of the process piping.

[96] The fixing of the heating branches (STEAM-TRACERS), in the piping, is not the object of this patent and will continue to be done according to conventional procedures adopted for decades, using metal strapping or by welding points so that the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 26/63 / 40 heat transfer occurs mainly by thermal conduction due to a desired physical contact with the piping.

[97] With this type of fixation, the contact between the surfaces of the process piping and the heating branches (STEAM TRACERS) is in fact punctual and proven to be inefficient, although it is still adopted in almost all known applications in industrial units , the temperature and the consequent consumption of heating steam is well above what is actually necessary, requiring a greater number of branches and / or an increase in diameters to guarantee the maintenance of the process piping temperature.

[98] With the creation of SPIRAL SPACES in the Lower Section and the presence of heating branches (STEAM-TRACERS) the increase in the movement and speed of the air molecules around the pipe, due to thermal convection, provides a better distribution of the substantial and effective heat from the heating branches (STEAM TRACERS), reaching quickly and constantly the entire external surface of the process piping.

[99] The design of HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCHES, with an internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches, at first would never be considered by manufacturers of conventional thermal insulators as wool. rock, calcium silicate, perlite, polyurethane, ceramic fiber, glass wool etc., as it is difficult to understand how a thermal insulator, practically WITHOUT MASS, could be “enclosed” in a SPIRAL SPACE formed by metal sheets, which have as a characteristic or property the mechanical resistance and the high thermal conductivity of its walls or surfaces, and still be applied on the external surface of a pipe or equipment, of low or high temperature, and act more efficiently than the thermal insulation type MASSA, that is,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 27/63 / 40 never conceived, that the “EFFECTIVE” thermal insulator was the STRATIFIED AIR inside curved metallic sheets forming SPIRAL SPACES with stratified natural internal convection and negligible radiance due to the low emissivity associated with the oblique or mismatched and eccentric geometric configuration internal surfaces.

[100] Thermal conduction through still air molecules is known to the entire scientific community, whose factor is around 0.026 W / mK, for most operating temperatures in industrial units, which is why it is considered the best natural thermal insulator .

[101] The development of this technology was only possible with the use of advanced thermal calculation software, by modeling and analysis of finite elements, with specific, sophisticated, complex and conjugated modules, for heat transfer (conduction, convection and thermal radiation) between surfaces) that include simultaneous calculations with solid materials and modeling of solids and simulations, complemented by tests in laboratories and in the field.

[102] Due to the exhaustive use of state-of-the-art computational resources and the adoption of several solvers (devices or resources of advanced mathematics calculations) simultaneously, which make it possible to define small spaces, distances or distances and shapes in addition to generating only occasional contact resistances between metallic components, minimizing thermal conduction almost as much as possible, reducing the effects of thermal radiation between surfaces due to low emissivity associated with oblique or mismatched geometric configuration and eccentric of their internal surfaces, that is, using the RADIOSITY method (radiosity) ).

[103] THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SPIRAL METAL ARCHES

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 28/63 / 40

FOR CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for heating equipment, pipes and branches, in special cases, are pre-prepared for the installation of temperature and / or pressure devices and sensors in order to enable the installation / assembly of performance monitoring systems directly in the operational unit or remotely, by cabling or via electromagnetic waves, in a station and central control panel.

[104] SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION PERFORMANCE, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches, were designed to achieve high thermal resistance in pipes and equipment that operate from cryogenic temperatures up to fire temperatures (1260 ^o C) as well as to have great mechanical resistance, to be removable, washable, to be made up of fully recyclable materials, which can be applied in areas prone to flooding and to ensure that each part that makes up the system can be removable and so in case an unforeseen operational problem occurs, the defective part will be restored on site and / or removed for repair and reapplied without impairing the high thermal performance of the system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [105] FIGURES 1, 2, 3 and 4 refer to the basic engineering principles and sources of references and to the STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE.

[106] FIGURE 2 presents figures and images, which prove how secularly man has adopted the shape of spirals for his benefit.

[107] FIGURE 3 presents figures and images of the main products available on the market worldwide.

[108] FIGURE 4 presents images and figures of conventional and even secular mass-type thermal insulators.

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 29/63 / 40 [109] FIGURE 5 refers to the basic foundations, the formation and composition of the “HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION SPIRAL METAL ARCHES”, object of the present invention.

[110] FIGURE 6 presents images and drawings of HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCHES, manufactured by metal forming processes.

[111] FIGURE 7 presents images and drawings of the HIGH-PERFORMANCE POWER CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCS, pre-assembled and ready for application on the construction site.

[112] FIGURE 8 presents images and drawings of SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, detailing the INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUSTAINATION AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE.

[113] FIGURE 9 presents images and drawings of SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, exemplifying the applied loads.

[114] FIGURE 10 presents images and drawings only of the outermost spiral arcs of the Upper Section and the Lower Section.

[115] FIGURE 11 presents images and graphs, obtained through programs of advanced finite element calculations, and validated, considering configurations and combinations of several types of spirals.

[116] FIGURE 12 presents images, including all the components that effectively represent the SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, object of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [117] The invention refers to SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 30/63 / 40 heating pipes and branches, which form SPIRAL SPACES totally free of mass-type thermal insulators. This internal system of support and resistance to kneading even allows the user to place, if necessary, an additional temporary cover on the upper rail in order to greatly increase the resistance to trampling and mechanical impacts, without reaching the internal components.

[118] These objectives, characteristics and advantages of the “HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCHES” (100), with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for heating equipment, pipes and branches, object of the present Patent of Invention, will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the drawings accompanying this report, in which FIGURES 1, 2, 3 and 4 refer to basic engineering principles, sources of references and the STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE and are fundamental for a better understanding and comparison, step by step, and thus resolving doubts regarding this new technology. All other figures are specifically focused on the shapes, structures, components and characteristics of the new technology, as described in detail below:

[119] FIGURE 1 presents figures and images that are well known and admired by man who, for centuries, has only seen their beauty and importance from observations in the constitution, as well as in the form, power and efficiency of some phenomena and living beings , such as snails (10) and conches, so well known in Brazil, and Nautilus Pompilius (10), which is a crustacean that develops its own shell with internal chambers that have one of the most beautiful forms of logarithmic spiral in nature, in the image (13) of a woman, when inside a lake or river, with her long wet hair, she jerks her head back forming,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 31/63 / 40 involuntarily in the air, a beautiful SPIRAL with similarities to snails (10), in different plants (15) exotic or not, as in New Zealand which has about 146 species of ferns that are trees and plants whose leaves it has the shape of a spiral, in galaxies (astronomy), cyclones, tornadoes and hurricanes (17) that have a formation of a spiral etc.

[120] FIGURE 2 presents figures and images (20, 23, 25 and 27), which prove how secularly man has adopted the shape of spirals for his benefit from the mathematical models of curves typical of the well-known SPIRALS OF ARCHIMEDES AND AS FROM NEWTON, EULER, or FIBONACCI etc., such as centrifugal pumps, pumps and screw compressors (20, 23 and 27) and heat exchangers (25) where fluids work internally and are drained under pressure, but have not yet developed products for energy conservation, which is dissipated to the environment, aimed at external applications in pipes and / or equipment that specifically adopt the properties of spirals.

[121] FIGURE 3 presents figures and images (30, 33, 35 and 38) of the main products available on the market worldwide, which are conventional and even secular thermal insulators of the mass type and how they are assembled / installed in the pipes in the site, but presenting details on the external support, whose main objective is to support the weight of the pipe and palliatively relieve or minimize the deformation or crushing of the thermal insulation only at the points where the said external supports exist, according to the prescribed in the procedures and national and foreign technical standards as

Petrobras, IBP, ABNT, BPetroleum, BStandards, ASTM, API, NORSOK, Norwegian Technology Standards Institution, ASME, ISO etc. Not observing any indications referring to systems that adopt an Internal Support Mechanism that aims to protect,

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 32/63 / 40 effectively and exclusively, the internal components of a thermal energy conservation device or the mass of thermal insulators, throughout the entire pipe, against trampling (man walking on the upper pipe generator) and other impacts mechanical.

[122] FIGURE 4 presents images and figures of conventional and even secular thermal insulators (40) of the dough type such as rock wool, glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, or polyurethane etc., in their various shapes and also one of the metallic thermal insulators (48) such as the “Thermal Convection Stratification Devices” patented in Brazil, under registration PI 9903604-5, which were not designed considering the properties of winding curves of the spirals, and their respective models mathematical, and were not split parts or pre-assembled in the factory and recognized as extremely fragile, and this is one of the main reasons for being in disuse, since the external protection was made with thin metal plates that only involved the product in the same way as applied to conventional insulators, which do not withstand impacts or trampling and the longitudinal closing of the protective cover is done by overlapping the cover with screws or rivet s.

[123] This same FIGURE 4 also shows images of the conventional thermal insulators (42, 44 and 46), which are quite degraded with dents due to trampling and mechanical impacts, with stretches partially without external protection, damaged and inefficient due to the presence of moisture and periodic rains etc. These facts occur with a certain frequency, leaving a scenario of abandonment and great thermal losses in industrial units and petrochemical centers around the world.

[124] FIGURE 5 refers to the basic foundations, the formation and composition of the “SPIRAL METAL ARTS OF HIGH

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 33/63 / 40

ENERGY CONSERVATION PERFORMANCE ”, with internal support system and resistance to kneading, for heating equipment, pipes and branches. The images and drawings (50, 51 and 52) show the interleaving of 2 (two) SPIRALS (50), both of which can be logarithmic or Archimedes, respectively with clockwise and counter-clockwise directions, or combined with each other, being generated an arrangement of SPIRAL ARCHES (51) to be sectioned, or cut, into two parts, or regions, of the same area, upper (52) and Lower, with remaining internal arches of different sinuous shapes but that complement each other and that have been shown excellent thermal performance (energy conservation), even allowing the exclusion of some of the remaining arches in the lower part or region, without impairing the thermal performance of the system.

[125] In this same FIGURE 5 in the images and drawings (53, 54 and 55) it appears that the application of a single and complete Spiral Sheet (55) was also conceived, for installation / assembly in the existing pipes (56). To apply this Spiral Sheet (55), it is necessary to previously place at least 2 (two) spiral guides (54) in the pipe (56), each with the configuration of a Logarithmic or Archimedes spiral, with at least 2 (two ) turns (turns), spaced from each other and perpendicular to the external surface of the pipe (56), for gradual insertion of a thin metallic sheet into the internal (annular) spaces of the spiral guides (54), perpendicular to the external surface of the pipe (56) . The continued insertion of the metallic sheet will allow it to be molded, according to the spiral path of the spiral guides (54), thus forming the Spiral Sheet (55) along the existing pipe (56).

[126] FIGURE 6 presents images and drawings of HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCHES manufactured by metal forming processes, obtaining

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 34/63 / 40 as the final product, the spiral arcs interconnected seamlessly (61), according to detail (62), or with longitudinal seam (63), according to detail (64), for pressure crimping, riveting and / or small screws.

[127] FIGURE 7 presents images and drawings of the HIGH PERFORMANCE ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCHES ready for application on the construction site. It is observed that the outermost spiral arch (71), or with greater radius of curvature, has all dimensions greater than the other curved leaves (Spiral Sheets) (61 or 63), such as the radius of curvature, wall thickness, but it can also be manufactured with different materials such as Safety Laminated Glass, Fiber Cement, or metals such as steel, galvalume and / or structural aluminum because it is the outermost surface and which remains in direct contact with the environment, subject to weather, efforts and / or mechanical impacts, trampling, moisture, corrosion etc., In addition to acting as an important element of the Upper Spiral Upper Space, it has the function of not allowing loads or mechanical efforts (77), which act by compression, such as impacts and trampling , reach the Spiral Sheets and other internal components. This objective is fully achieved due to the coupling (72), or fitting (72), through extruded profiles, of this Upper Section (71) with the Lower Section (73).

[128] The Lower Section (73), like the Upper Section (71) has all the main components in the form of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) (74), the amount of which, however, is much smaller than that existing in the Upper Section ( 71), but in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Lower Spiral Space, it has the function of supporting loads or mechanical efforts (77), transmitted directly by the Upper Section (71). And for that it has an exclusive INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUSTAINATION AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE, which the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 35/63 / 40 keep suspended suspended by straps (79), such as metal straps or U-type screws, with the mouth facing downwards, which involve only the horizontal piping (75) with or without the heating branches (steam tracers) ( 78), and are connected to the external support plates (76) positioned on the lower generatrix of this Lower Section (73), thus avoiding any possibility of compression on the internal components and thin SPIRAL sheets (74).

[129] FIGURE 8 presents images and drawings of HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCS clarifying the INTERNAL SUPPORT AND MASSAGE RESISTANCE SYSTEM, containing risers (79), support plates (76) and the outermost spiral arch (73), whose thickness is calculated to withstand the load or stresses (77) transmitted from the Upper Section (71), are indispensable components of the Lower Section (73) interconnected to the piping that prevents compression, and consequent, damage to the components internal differences, and the differences between the Lower Section (73) and the Upper Section (71).

[130] FIGURE 9 presents images and drawings of HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCS exemplifying the applied loads (77) and a technical report (90) with the criteria adopted in the structural calculations, such as, for example, the Von Mises failure to design the support mechanism.

[131] FIGURE 10 presents images and drawings only of the outermost spiral arches of the Upper Section (71), and of the Lower Section (73), which are the subject of this patent application, containing risers (79) and support plates (76 ) whose thickness is calculated to withstand the load or stresses (77) transmitted by the Upper Section (71), and which are indispensable components of the Lower Section (73) connected to the piping that prevents compression and consequent damage to the

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 36/63 / 40 internal components, aiming at the use of this same support mechanism also for conventional thermal insulators such as grease (80) such as calcium silicate, glass wool, rock there, ceramic fiber, perlite, polyurethane, airgel etc. never developed, calculated and / or used for this purpose, as evidenced by thermal insulation technical standards in large companies, technical associations, national and foreign government agencies, research institutes etc., such as Petrobras, IBP, ABNT, BPetroleum, BStandards , ASTM, API, NORSOK, Norwegian Technology Standards Institution, ASME, ISO etc.

[132] FIGURE 11 presents images and graphs (110 and 111), obtained through programs of advanced finite element calculations, and validated, considering configurations and combinations of different types of spirals such as logarithmic and Archimedes, pipe diameters, conditions operational and environmental results obtained very close to laboratory tests including temperature distribution and radiosity in all internal components, air stratification, effective thermal conductivity, losses to the environment, etc.

[133] FIGURE 12 presents images (100), which effectively represents the “HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION METAL SPIRAL ARCHES” made of glass, metal and fiber cement, with an internal support system and resistance to kneading, for equipment, heating pipes and branches, including all components.

[134] As can be seen, this mechanical device is composed of several metallic parts that form SPIRAL SPACES totally free of thermal insulating materials such as rock wool, glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, polyurethane etc. . high thermal resistance, detachable, or removable, for pipes and equipment that operate at low and / or high temperature and is characterized

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 37/63 / 40 due to the presence of the following components:

• SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, manufactured by metal forming processes, obtaining as a final product the spiral arches (Spiral Sheets) interconnected seamlessly (61), as detailed (62).

• MORE EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARCH OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), or of greater radius of curvature, has all dimensions greater than the other curved leaves (Spiral Sheets) (61 or 63), such as the radius of curvature, wall thickness, manufactured in aluminum, galvanized steel or stainless steel over 1mm thick, correctly dimensioned, since it is the outermost surface and which remains in direct contact with the environment, subject to weathering, efforts and / or mechanical impacts, trampling, moisture, corrosion, etc. Thus, in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Superior Spiral Space, it has the function of not allowing loads or mechanical efforts (77), which act by compression, such as impacts and trampling, to reach the Spiral Sheets and other internal components. This objective is fully achieved due to the coupling (72), or fitting (72), of this Upper Section (71) with the Lower Section (73).

• MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE LOWER SECTION (73) is made of the same material and the same thickness as the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE TOP SECTION (71) and has all the main components in the form of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) (74 ) whose quantity, however, is much smaller than that existing in the Upper Section (71), but in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Lower Spiral Space, it has the function of supporting loads or mechanical efforts (77), transmitted directly by Upper Section (71).

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 38/63 / 40 • INTERNAL SUSTAINATION SYSTEM AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE - it is integrated by the following indispensable components:

a) MORE EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), whose thickness is calculated in order to support the load or external efforts such as trampling by people;

b) MORE INTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), the thickness of which is calculated to support the load or efforts transferred from the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71);

c) TIE RODS (79), are metal straps or U-type screws, with the mouth facing downwards, which are coupled to the upper generatrix of the horizontal pipe (75) crossing the space, all the existing components, such as the Spiral Sheets (74) and the wall of the MORE INTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73);

d) SUPPORT PLATES (76) are metal plates with width (25 to 50mm) and opening angle up to 120o, curved according to the outer diameter of the MOST INTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), positioned externally and in the lower generatrix, where the TIE RODS (79) will be passed through and fixed by pins or nuts.

[135] This system aims to transfer loads or efforts, applied to the outer surfaces of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE TOP SECTION (71), directly to the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE LOWER SECTION (73), which in turn is internally interconnected to the pipe (75) by means of the SUSTAINABLE TIE RODS (79). They are indispensable components of the Internal Support System connected to the piping (75) that avoids compression and

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 39/63 / 40 consequent damage to the Spiral Sheets (61.63 and 74) and other internal components.

[136] SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION PERFORMANCE are manufactured by metal forming processes, obtaining as a final product the arcs of spirals interconnected with longitudinal seam (63), according to the detail (64), for pressure driving, riveting and / or small screws.

[137] THE MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), is manufactured in SAFETY LAMINATED GLASS, with a minimum thickness of 6mm, due to its excellent properties such as high impact resistance, chemical attacks, waterproof, corrosion resistance, be recyclable, being indicated for buried lines, etc.

[138] The referred SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH ENERGY CONSERVATION PERFORMANCE obtained from the previous placement of the spiral guides (54), allows the formation and application of a single and complete Spiral Sheet (55), for installation / assembly in the pipes (56) existing. Thus, for the application of this Spiral Sheet (55), it is necessary to previously place at least 2 (two) spiral guides (54) in the pipe (56), each having the configuration of a Logarithmic or Archimedes spiral, with at least 2 (two) turns (turns), spaced apart and perpendicular to the external surface of the pipe (56), for gradual insertion of a thin metallic sheet in the internal (annular) spaces of the spiral guides (54), perpendicular to the external surface of the pipe ( 56). The continued insertion of the metallic sheet will allow it to be molded, according to the spiral path of the spiral guides (54), thus forming the Spiral Sheet (55) along the existing pipe (56).

[139] THE INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE, for use in thermal insulators type mass

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 40/63 / 40 (80) such as rock wool, glass wool, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, polyurethane, etc., comprises the following indispensable components:

a) MORE EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), whose thickness is calculated in order to support the load or external efforts such as trampling by people;

b) MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), the thickness of which is calculated in order to support the load or efforts transferred from the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71);

c) TIE RODS (79), are metal straps or U-type screws, with the mouth facing downwards, which are coupled to the upper generatrix of the horizontal pipe (75) passing through the conventional mass-type insulator (80) such as rock wool, wool glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, polyurethane etc. and the wall of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE "LOWER SECTION" (73);

d) SUPPORT PLATES (76) are metal plates with width (25 to 50mm) and opening angle up to 120o, curved according to the outer diameter of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), positioned externally and in the lower generatrix, where the TIE RODS (79) will be passed through and fixed by pins or nuts.

[140] This system transfers loads or efforts, applied to the outer surfaces of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE TOP SECTION (71), directly to the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE LOWER SECTION (73), which in turn is internally connected to the tubing (75) by means of the support straps (79).

[141] Although the present invention has been described in its preferred embodiment, the main concepts that guide the present invention remain preserved as to its innovative character, where

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 41/63 / 40 those usually versed in the technique will be able to envision and practice variations, modifications, alterations, adaptations and equivalents applicable and compatible to the work environment in question, without, however, departing from the scope of the spirit and scope of the invention, which are represented for the claims that follow.

Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 42/63

Claims (7)

1 - SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION (100), with internal support and resistance to kneading, for equipment, pipes and heating branches, mechanical device composed of several metallic parts that form spiral spaces totally free from mass-type thermal insulators, such as rock wool, glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, polyurethane, with high thermal resistance, detachable, or removable, for pipes and equipment that operate at low and / or high temperature , characterized by comprising the following components: • SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION, manufactured by metal forming processes, obtaining as a final product the spiral arches (Spiral Sheets) interconnected seamlessly (61), as detailed (62); • MORE EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARCH OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), or of greater radius of curvature, has all dimensions greater than the other curved leaves (Spiral Sheets) (61 or 63), such as the radius of curvature, wall thickness, manufactured in aluminum, galvanized steel or stainless steel over 1mm thick, correctly dimensioned, since it is the outermost surface and which remains in direct contact with the environment, subject to weathering, efforts and / or mechanical impacts, trampling, moisture, corrosion, etc. Thus, in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Superior Spiral Space, it has the function of not allowing loads or mechanical efforts (77), which act by compression, such as impacts and trampling, to reach the Spiral Sheets and other internal components. This objective is fully achieved due to the coupling (72), or fitting (72), of this Upper Section (71) with the Lower Section (73); Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 43/63 2/5 • MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE LOWER SECTION (73) is made of the same material and the same thickness as the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE TOP SECTION (71) and has all the main components in the form of spiral curves (Spiral Sheets) ) (74) whose quantity, however, is much smaller than that existing in the Upper Section (71), but in addition to acting as an important element of the Last Lower Spiral Space, it has the function of supporting loads or mechanical efforts (77), transmitted directly by the Upper Section (71); • INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE - integrated by the following indispensable components: a) MORE EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), whose thickness is calculated in order to support the load or external efforts such as trampling by people; b) MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), the thickness of which is calculated in order to support the load or efforts transferred from the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71); c) TIE RODS (79), are metal straps or U-type screws, with the mouth facing downwards, which are coupled to the upper generatrix of the horizontal pipe (75) crossing the space, all the existing components, such as the Spiral Sheets (74) and the wall of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73); d) SUPPORT PLATES (76) are metal plates with width (25 to 50mm) and opening angle up to 120 °, curved according to the outer diameter of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), positioned externally and in the lower generatrix of this, where they will be pierced Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 44/63 3/5 the TIE RODS (79) and fixed by pins or nuts; which aims to transfer loads or efforts, applied to the outer surfaces of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE TOP SECTION (71), directly to the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE LOWER SECTION (73), which in turn is internally connected to the piping (75 ) by means of the support straps (79), which are indispensable components of the internal support system connected to the pipe (75), which prevents compression and consequent damage to the spiral sheets (61.63 and 74) and the other internal components. 2 - SPIRAL METALLIC ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION (100), according to claim 1, characterized in that the said SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF CONSERVATION ARE manufactured by metal forming processes, obtaining as final product the spiral arcs interconnected with longitudinal seam (63), according to the detail (64), for pressure driving, riveting and / or small screws. 3 - SPIRAL METAL ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outermost spiral arch of the Upper Section (71), is manufactured in SAFETY LAMINATED GLASS, with a minimum thickness of 6mm , due to its excellent properties such as high impact resistance, chemical attacks, waterproof, corrosion resistance, being recyclable and suitable for buried lines. 4 - SPIRAL METAL ARCHES WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE FOR THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION (100), according to claim 1, characterized in that the outermost spiral arch of the Upper Section (71), is manufactured in FIBROCEMENT, with a minimum thickness of 4mm, its excellent properties such as high resistance to Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 45/63 4/5 impact, chemical attacks, corrosion resistance, being recyclable, and allows the application of Portland cement or asbestos-cement masses in repairs, being indicated for buried lines. 5 - SPIRAL METALLIC ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF THERMAL ENERGY CONSERVATION (100), according to claim 1, characterized by the said SPIRAL METALLIC ARCHES OF HIGH PERFORMANCE OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY obtained from the previous placement of the spiral guides (54) , which allows the formation and application of a single and complete Spiral Sheet (55), for installation / assembly in the existing pipes (56). 6 - INTERNAL SUSTAINING SYSTEM AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE, for use in thermal insulators type dough (80) such as rock wool, glass wool, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, polyurethane, etc., characterized by comprising the following indispensable components: a) MORE EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), whose thickness is calculated in order to support the load or external efforts such as trampling by people; b) MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), the thickness of which is calculated in order to support the load or efforts transferred from the walls of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71); c) TIE RODS (79), are metal straps or U-type screws, with the mouth turned downwards, which are coupled to the upper generatrix of the horizontal pipe (75) passing through the conventional mass-type insulator (80) such as rock wool, wool glass, ceramic fiber, perlite, calcium silicate, airgel, polyurethane etc. and the wall of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73); Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 46/63 5/5 d) SUPPORT PLATES (76) are metal plates with width (25 to 50mm) and opening angle up to 120 °, curved according to the outer diameter of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE “LOWER SECTION” (73), positioned externally and in the lower generatrix of this, where the TIE RODS (79) will be passed through and fixed by pins or nuts. 7.- INTERNAL SYSTEM OF SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TO MASSAGE, according to claim 6, characterized by this system transferring loads or efforts, applied to the outer surfaces of the MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL ARC OF THE UPPER SECTION (71), directly to the walls of the ARC MOST EXTERNAL SPIRAL OF THE LOWER SECTION (73), which in turn is internally connected to the pipe (75) by means of the SUSPENSES (79). Petition 870160071136, of 11/29/2016, p. 47/63