BR102016011774A2 - OPTICAL SYSTEM WITH EXTENDED FOCUS DEPTH - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention describes an optical system that results in an extended focal depth lens capable of providing greater depth of focus and thus greater depth of field than conventional lenses. , without loss of contrast or wavelength dependence, which are inherent to lenses with more than one focus. The proposed optical system comprises a lens composed of two parts (anterior and posterior) and has structures inside, in the form of lenticles. It can be used in intraocular lenses (IOL), presenting advantages over the state of the art, such as the non-dependence of ciliary muscle action, as it is static, and also the ability to provide patients with quality vision at a distance. and close. The application of the presented component is not restricted to intraocular lenses, but can be extended to optical devices and systems such as cameras, endoscopes, telescopes, binoculars, microscopes and the like.

Description

[001] The present invention describes an optical system that results in an extended focal-depth peripocal lens capable of providing greater depth of focus and thus greater depth of field than conventional lenses, without the loss of contrast or wavelength dependence, which are inherent to lenses with more than one focus. The proposed optical system comprises a lens composed of two parts (anterior and posterior) and has structures inside it, in the form of lenticles. It can be used in intraocular lenses (IOLs), having advantages over the state of the art, such as the non-dependence of ciliary muscle action, because it is static, and also the ability to provide patients with quality distant vision. and close. The application of the presented component is not restricted to intraocular lenses, but can be extended to optical devices and systems such as cameras, endoscopes, telescopes, binoculars, microscopes and the like.

[002] Numerous optical components with different topologies and mechanisms than those of the proposed technology (extended focus depth perimeter) are used to promote greater depth of focus without loss of contrast and to avoid dependence of optical component performance on wave-length.

Among the documents closer to the proposed technology we can present the document US20130003014, entitled "REFRACTIVE-DIFFRACTIVE MULTIFOCAL LENS", of 07/03/2007, which differs from the proposed technology because it is a hybrid lens that has its diffractive region ( not necessarily formed by complete annular regions) which occupies a small region that is offset from the lens' optical axis and its optical performance is greatly compromised under conditions where light is polychromatic.

[004] US7144423, entitled "INTRAOCULAR MULTIFOCAL LENS" of 12/11/2003, differs from the technology proposed by having a lens with lower and upper elliptical region providing different diopter powers depending on the position of the light beam incidence. and does not provide extended focus.

[005] US20090030513, entitled "PHAKIC INTRAOCULAR LENS MULTIFOCAL", 07/27/2007, differs from the technology proposed by presenting a lens with three concentric regions with different curvatures corresponding to different focal lengths (near, intermediate and far) ). It has a small hole in its center to allow lubrication of the epithelial tissue on which the lens is located. The disadvantages of the lens presented in this document are the formation of aura that will cause glare and performance in the transition zones from one region to another.

Of the existing technologies in the art, none utilizes the unprecedented development of an optical concept that results in a lens with multiple peripheral and central foci concentrated on the main optical axis. Such a configuration is intended to provide greater depth of focus than conventional lenses, without the loss of contrast or wavelength dependence inherent in lenses with more than one focus.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[007] Figure 1 shows a possible configuration of the proposed non-limiting technology, comprising a lens formed by the front (1) and rear (2) parts, and lenticles (3) internally housed in the structure formed by the juxtaposition of (1 and 2). The lenticles (3) overlap forming the overlapping regions (4). At 1 (a) we have a side view of the front of the lens (1), at 1 (b) we have a top view of the set formed by (1), (2) and (3) and at 1 (c) we have the rear of the lens (2).

[008] Figure 2 presents images obtained by optical systems with different diopter power ratios between the conventional lens and the four lenticles. The proportions of the diopter power of the conventional lens and the diopter power of the four lenticles are 10:90, 4:96, 2:98, 1:99 and 0: 100, respectively, for the five images in Figure 2, identified as 2. (a), 2 (b), 2 (c), 2 (d) and 2 (e).

[009] Figure 3 presents images resulting from simulation performed with the pupil diameter set at 3 mm (very light condition) that evaluated four types of intraocular lenses (LI01, LI02, LI03 and LI04) and the proposed perocalocal lens. invention, identified in figure 3 as “Perifocal”. Each set of horizontally arranged images was generated by an assessed lens (corresponding in figure 3 to the lenses: Perifocal, L01, L02, L03, and L04, in this order, from top to bottom). Images were obtained for the object (adapted Monalisa figure) at different distances from the observer (100 m, 6 m, 1 m and 0.8 m). Each set of vertically arranged images was obtained at a different distance from the observer (corresponding, in Figure 3, to distances: 100 m, 6 m, 1 m and 0.8 m, in this order, from left to right).

[010] Figure 4 shows images resulting from simulation performed with the 5mm fixed pupil (low light condition) that evaluated four types of intraocular lenses (LI01, LI02, LI03 and LI04) and the peripocal lens proposed in the present invention. identified in figure 3 as “Perifocal”. Each set of horizontally disposed images was generated by an assessed lens (corresponding in figure 3 to the lenses: Perifocal, L01, L02, L03, and L04, in this order, from top to bottom). Images were obtained at different distances from the observer (100 m, 6 m, 1 m and 0.8 m). Each set of vertically arranged images was obtained at a different distance from the observer (corresponding, in Figure 3, to distances: 100 m, 6 m, 1 m and 0.8 m, in this order, from left to right).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY

[011] The present invention describes an optical system that results in an extended focal-depth, perocalocal lens capable of providing greater depth of focus and thus greater depth of field than conventional lenses without loss of contrast, nor wavelength dependence, which is inherent in lenses with more than one focus. The proposed optical system comprises a lens composed of two parts (anterior and posterior) and has structures inside it, in the form of lenticles. It can be used in intraocular lenses (IOLs), having advantages over the state of the art, such as the non-dependence of ciliary muscle action, because it is static, and also the ability to provide patients with quality distant vision. and close. The application of the presented component is not restricted to intraocular lenses, but can be extended to optical devices and systems such as cameras, endoscopes, telescopes, binoculars, microscopes and the like.

The proposed optical system comprises a lens formed by the anterior (1) and posterior (2) portions, at least two lenticles (3) internally housed in the overlapping structure of (1) and (2), which overlap. forming the overlapping regions (4). Figure 1 shows the preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the invention in which four lenticles (3) are used.

In the preferred but not limiting embodiment of the invention, the lenticles (3) are contained in the anterior part of the lens (1).

The front of the lens (1), the rear of the lens (2) and the lenticles (3) may be convex lenses in the form of a polynomial, toric, spherical or aspheric, multifocal and polynomial function lenses. overlapping.

[015] The lenses formed by (1), (2) and (3) may be made of various materials, being composed of solids, semi-solids, gel, gas or liquids with different refractive indices, but preferably materials such as , oil, water, saline, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), glycerine, silicone and / or air.

[016] The present invention may be applied as an intraocular lens, but its application may be extended to technology configurations using a plurality of lenticles (3) and to meet other applications without loss of generality.

[017] To increase the depth of focus, the extended focal depth lens has two or more lenticular-shaped structures (3), which are responsible for creating additional foci shifted relative to the main optical axis of the lens. Peripheral refers to the shift of foci around the central optical axis of the lens. Convex structures are lenticles that overlap in the center of the anterior surface forming the regions identified in figure 1 as (4). This overlap is intended to avoid the presence of intersections and holes between the edges of the lenticles, which could increase the detrimental effect of diffraction.

[018] The optical axis of each lenticle may be parallel to the main optical axis of the composite lens, converging or diverging from it.

The action of lenticles (3) alone has the effect of forming independent and overlapping images, each aligned with its respective optical axis. The conventional lens formed by parts (1) and (2) has the effect of overlapping such images by shifting them to the center.

[020] To reduce the overlapping effect, the power relationship between the diopter powers of lenticles (3) and the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2) can be changed by increasing the portion of diopter power provided by the conventional lens. formed by (1) and (2). This relationship is defined as the degree of lens peripherality. The higher the dioptric power of the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2) compared to the lenticles (3), the smaller the image shift.

[021] Lenticles have greater depth of focus because they have a smaller aperture, defined by their diameter, producing images less sensitive to blur. This type of lens has the advantage of having extended depth of focus, allowing close objects to be clearly identified. In the case of IOLs, subjects would have their near vision restored with less contrast loss, auras, and glare because there is no overlap of foci on the same axis as with bifocal and trifocal lenses.

[022] The number of lenticles should preferably be four, because this is the smallest number of elements that provides bidirectional symmetry with minimal diffraction at the edge interface. However, this number may vary depending on the purpose of the application and the degree of peripherality desired with the lens. Using only one lenticle, there is axial symmetry only if it is centered on the optical axis of the main lens, which is the case with conventional refractive bifocal lenses. Two lenticles may favor only the axis on which they have symmetry. Three lenticles have symmetry affected by IOL rotation within the eye, favoring a specific axis, depending on the range of rotation. Four lenticles provide symmetry, and regardless of IOL rotation, all light energy is evenly distributed along the X and Y axes. Numbers larger than four lenticles also allow axial symmetry and can be used depending on the purpose of the lens. be employed.

The position of the lenticles may also be varied so as to shift the incident beam to a specific region with a known angle. This application may be employed for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration, where light could be diverted to an unaffected region of the retina.

[024] Lenticle parameters such as position, diameter, and dioptric power can be optimized to meet different needs: distant vision, near vision, or intermediate vision. In this way, the lens can be given a greater degree of spherical aberration control, astigmatism compensation, or even greater depth of focus through known multifocal techniques. Lenticles can also be used to compensate for high order aberrations, or to offset the beam from the main optical axis, for use in treating macular degeneration.

[025] The proposed invention can be better understood through the non-limiting examples below of the technology.

Example 1 - Images obtained by the proposed optical system The descriptions made in this example are based on the preferred embodiment of the technology shown in Figure 1 and applied preferably as an intraocular lens.

[027] To increase depth of focus, the extended focal depth lens has four lenticular-shaped structures (3), which are responsible for creating four additional foci offset from the lens' main optical axis. The term peripherocal refers to the displacement of the four foci around the central optical axis of the lens. The four convex structures are lenticles that overlap in the center of the anterior surface forming the regions identified in figure 1 as (4).

[028] The action of lenticles (3) alone has the effect of forming four independent and overlapping images, each aligned with its respective optical axis. The conventional lens formed by parts (1) and (2) has the effect of overlapping the four images by shifting them to the center. The center of the conventional lens, in this case, is coincident with the intersection of the four lenticles, to ensure that its optical axis crosses that point, according to the region (4) of figure 1.

[029] In Figure 2, we have in each subdivision of Figure 2 (a), 2 (b), 2 (c), 2 (d) and 2 (e) a single letter image "F" obtained by a system optical lens composed of four lenticles (3) and the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2). In each image shown in Figure 2, the power relationship between the diopter powers of lenticles (3) and the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2) were changed, increasing the portion of the diopter power provided by the conventional lens formed by ( 1 and 2). In figure 2, especially image 2 (a), it is possible to identify brighter parts of the image, which indicate overlapping points. The intensities are higher because more light is focused on these regions. Considering intraocular lenses, this overlap can make object recognition difficult. To reduce the overlapping effect, the power relationship between the diopter powers of lenticles (3) and the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2) can be changed by increasing the portion of the diopter power provided by the conventional lens formed by ( 1 and 2). This relationship is defined as the degree of lens peripherality. Figure 2 shows images obtained by optical systems with different power ratios between the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2) and the four lenticles (3).

[030] The greater the diopter power of the conventional lens formed by (1) and (2) compared to the lenticles (3), the smaller the image shift, as shown in Figure 2. If most of the diopter power optical system is provided by the conventional lens, then the displacement between images will be reduced, otherwise it will be increased. Although the size of the pupil is the same, the light intensity of images increases when the dominance of the dioptric power of the conventional lens is larger because most of the incident light is focused at coincident points.

[031] Image blur is due to the small offset between the four images. Considering lenses with these characteristics, the displacements of the images must be minimal to not be perceived in the image plane. Subjects would not notice changes in the image if the displacement was below or near the human retinal resolution limit.

Example 2 - Computer simulation of human vision to evaluate the quality of the images obtained by the proposed peripherocal lens compared to other conventional IOLs [032] Considering the application of the Perifocal lens to an IOL, and a possible configuration, as shown in Figure 1, A simulation was performed to compare the quality of images obtained by the Perifocal Lens with four commercial monofocal IOLs that comprise the most commonly deployed lens types today. Monofocal IOLs are focused on the object at 100 m. Images were taken at 100 m, 6 m, 1 m and 0.8 m from an observer. The simulations were performed with the lenses inserted in a computational model of the human eye and polychromatic light (blue, green and red) (LIOU, HL; BRENNAN, NA. Anatomically accurate, finite model eye for optical modeling. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, v. 14, no. 8, pp. 1684-1695, August 1997.). The image used as object was the Mona Lisa.

[033] In the images shown in figure 3, the pupil diameter is fixed at 3 mm, simulating vision during the day or in well-lit surroundings. In the images shown in figure 4 the pupil diameter is fixed at 5 mm, representing lower light conditions (night).

[034] Figures 3 and 4 present the results of this simulation.

[035] Looking at Figure 3, the Perifocal Lens was the only lens that obtained sharp images at 1m and 0.8m, indicating that the lens' depth of focus is greater than that of other models. It can also be observed that the loss of contrast with the distant object is not significant in relation to the other models. IOLs 1 through 4 are most influenced by the defocus introduced by the approximation of the object.

[036] Looking at Figure 4, the Perifocal Lens was the only lens that obtained clear images at 1 m, and performed well at 100 m and 6 m, where it obtained images with little loss of contrast.

Claims (6)

1. Extended focal depth perpendicular optics comprising a lens formed by the front (1) and rear (2), at least two lenticles (3) internally housed in the structure formed by the juxtaposition of (1) and (2). ), which overlap forming the overlapping regions analogously to the region identified as (4). Peripheral optical system with extended depth of focus according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of lenticles (3) is preferably four. Peripheral optical system with extended depth of focus according to claim 1, characterized in that the configuration in which the lenticles (3) are contained are preferably in the anterior part of the lens (1). Depth-of-focus focal length optical system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lens formed by the front portion (1) and the rear portion (2) and the lenticles (3) are convex lens-shaped lenses. polynomial, toric, spherical or aspheric, multifocal function and overlapping polynomial functions. Depth-of-focus focal length optical system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lens-making materials of (1), (2) and (3) are solid, semi-solid, gel, gas or liquid compounds with different refractive indices, preferably materials such as oil, water, saline, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), glycerine, silicone and / or air. Peripheral optical system with extended depth of focus according to claim 1, characterized in that it is applied to intraocular lenses, optical devices and systems such as cameras, endoscopes, telescopes, binoculars, microscopes and the like.