BG67008B1 - A floating power plant with paddle wheels for electircal energy production - Google Patents

A floating power plant with paddle wheels for electircal energy production Download PDF

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Publication number
BG67008B1
BG67008B1 BG112082A BG11208215A BG67008B1 BG 67008 B1 BG67008 B1 BG 67008B1 BG 112082 A BG112082 A BG 112082A BG 11208215 A BG11208215 A BG 11208215A BG 67008 B1 BG67008 B1 BG 67008B1
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BG
Bulgaria
Prior art keywords
floating
length
floating bodies
eccentric
paddle
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Application number
BG112082A
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Bulgarian (bg)
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BG112082A (en
Inventor
Михаил Михайлов
Михайлов Константинов Цоню
Цоню Константинов
Цонев Михайлов Михаил
Original Assignee
"Полиеко-Км" Оод
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Application filed by "Полиеко-Км" Оод filed Critical "Полиеко-Км" Оод
Priority to BG112082A priority Critical patent/BG67008B1/en
Priority to US15/247,436 priority patent/US20170058859A1/en
Priority to PCT/IB2016/001361 priority patent/WO2017033061A1/en
Priority to GB1803077.5A priority patent/GB2557110A/en
Publication of BG112082A publication Critical patent/BG112082A/en
Publication of BG67008B1 publication Critical patent/BG67008B1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F03B17/067—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation the cyclic relative movement being positively coupled to the movement of rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B7/00—Water wheels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F05B2240/932—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface which is a catamaran-like structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
    • F05B2250/15—Geometry two-dimensional spiral
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The present invention relates to a floating energy plant with paddle wheels for manufacturing electrical energy, which will find application in hydro-energetics and more specifically in the manufacturing of electrical energy from flowing waters, rivers and channels. The created unit is a pontoon type trimaran, which includes three floating bodies (1, 2, 1) with vertical boards and a shape, which is two mirrored curves, connected by a straight section, wherein the two end floating bodies (1) are identical and symmetrically placed to the middle floating body (2). Each of the end floating bodies (1) comprises half of the middle floating body (2). Between the floating bodies (1, 2, 1) are formed two identical slots, in each of which is placed one paddle wheel (3), as the three floating bodies are connected by a mutual deck (10), onto which are placed an electric generator (13) and a reducer (14), which is connected to the main axis (4) on each of the paddle wheels (3). Each slot has a length L (m) and width B (m), as L is two times bigger than B, as the curve, which starts from the front end of the floating bodies (1 and 2) is an indented part of the Euler spiral, passing through its inflection point in the protruding part of the Euler spiral, wherein the length of the curve, formed by the Euler spiral is one fourth of the length of the slot L (m). The curve passes in a straight section with a length, equal to half of the length of the curve L (m), and each paddle wheel (3) with diameter D (m), includes a main axis (4) and eccentric axis (5), separated from each other on a distance “E” (m), as well as radial leavers (6), which in one of their ends are immovably attached to the main axis (4), and in their other end are hinged to paddles (7). The eccentric axis (5) is connected to eccentric leavers (8), hinged to a knee (9), which in its other end is immovably and perpendicularly attached to its matching paddle (7). One of the eccentric leavers (8a) is immovably connected on a straight angle to its matching knee (9a) and to its matching paddle (7a).

Description

Област на техникатаField of technology

Настоящото изобретение се отнася до плаваща електроцентрала с гребни колела за добив на електрическа енергия, която ще намери приложение в хидроенергетиката и по-специално при производство на електрическа енергия от течащи води, реки и канали.The present invention relates to a floating power plant with paddle wheels for the production of electricity, which will find application in hydropower and in particular in the production of electricity from running waters, rivers and canals.

Предшестващо състояние на техникатаBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Известна практика при добиване на електрическа енергия от реките е изграждането на язовири или канали за получаване на високоскоростно водно течение, което да задвижва електрогенератори. Това е свързано с големи разходи и с ниско рентабилно производство на електрическа енергия. Кинетичната енергия на средните и долните течения на реките остава неизползвана по прилаганите до сега методи главно по икономически и екологични причини.A well-known practice in obtaining electricity from rivers is the construction of dams or canals to obtain high-speed water flow to drive generators. This is associated with high costs and low cost-effective electricity production. The kinetic energy of the middle and lower reaches of the rivers remains unused by the methods used so far, mainly for economic and environmental reasons.

От патентна заявка per. № 111340 е известна плаваща електроцентрала на течащи води с гребни колела, която позволява използването на нискоскоростното водно течение на реките, без изграждане на допълнителни съоръжения и променяне на околната среда.From patent application per. № 111340 is a known floating power plant on running water with paddle wheels, which allows the use of low-speed water flow of rivers without the construction of additional facilities and changes in the environment.

Известната плаваща електроцентрала на течащи води с гребни колела представлява несамоходен плаващ понтон тип „тримаран“, включващ три плаващи тела с вертикални бордове и с форма, представляваща две огледални кривини, свързани с прав участък. Двете крайни плаващи тела са еднакви и симетрично разположени спрямо средното плаващо тяло, като всяко от крайните плаващи тела представлява половината от средното плаващо тяло. Между плаващите тела са оформени два еднакви улея, във всеки един от които е разположено по едно гребно колело. Трите плаващи тела са свързани чрез обща палуба, върху която са разположени електрогенератор и куплиран към него редуктор, който е свързан с главната ос на всяко от гребните колела.The famous floating power plant with paddle wheels is a non-self-propelled floating pontoon type "trimaran", including three floating bodies with vertical boards and a shape representing two mirror curves connected by a straight section. The two end floating bodies are identical and symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle floating body, each of the end floating bodies representing half of the average floating body. Between the floating bodies are formed two identical grooves, in each of which there is a rowing wheel. The three floating bodies are connected by a common deck, on which are placed an electric generator and a reducer coupled to it, which is connected to the main axis of each of the paddle wheels.

Известната плаваща електроцентрала не разкрива конструктивните си особености, водещи до ефективното превръщане на кинетичната енергия на течащите води във въртящ момент, предаван на генератор посредством редуктор за получаване на електрическа енергия.The known floating power plant does not disclose its design features, leading to the efficient conversion of the kinetic energy of running water into torque, transmitted to a generator by means of a reducer for obtaining electricity.

Техническа същност на изобретениетоTechnical essence of the invention

Задача на изобретението е да се създаде плаваща електроцентрала на течащи води с така оформени улеи и гребни колела, които да усвояват пряко кинетичната енергия на движещите се с относително ниска скорост водни маси, и да я превърнат в лесно използваем въртящ момент.It is an object of the invention to provide a floating flowing power plant with gutters and paddles thus formed which directly absorb the kinetic energy of relatively low speed water masses and convert it into easily usable torque.

Създадена е плаваща електроцентрала с гребни колела за добив на електрическа енергия от течащи води, представляваща несамоходен плаващ понтон тип „тримаран“, включващ три плаващи тела с вертикални бордове и с форма, представляваща две огледални кривини, свързани с прав участък. Двете крайни плаващи тела са еднакви и симетрично разположени спрямо средното плаващо тяло, като всяко от крайните плаващи тела представлява половината от средното плаващо тяло. Между плаващите тела са оформени два еднакви улея, във всеки един от които е разположено по едно гребно колело. Трите плаващи тела са свързани чрез обща палуба, върху която са разположени електрогенератор и куплиран към него редуктор, който е свързан с главната ос на всяко от гребните колела. Съгласно изобретението, всеки един от улеите е с дължина L (т) и широчина В (т), определена като разстояние между носовете на всеки две съседни плаващи тела, така че L (ш) е два пъти по-голямо от В (ш). Кривината, започваща от носа на плаващите тела представлява вдлъбната част на клотоида, преминаваща през инфлексната й точка в изпъкналата част на клотоидата. Дължината на кривината, образувана от клотоидата е една четвърт от дължината на улея L (ш). Кривината преминава в прав участък с дължина, равна на една втора от дължината на улея L (ш). Всяко гребно колело с диаметър D (ш), включва главна ос и ексцентрична ос, отстоящи една от друга на разстояние „Е“ (ш), както и радиални лостове, които в единия си край са неподвижно свързани към главната ос, а в другия си край са шарнирно свързани с лопатки. Ексцентричната ос е свързана с ексцентрикови лостове, шарнирно свързани с коляно с дължина „1“ (ш), което в другия си край е неподвижно и перпендикулярно свързано към съответната му лопатка.A floating power plant with paddle wheels for the production of electricity from running water has been established, representing a non-self-propelled floating pontoon type "trimaran", including three floating bodies with vertical boards and a shape representing two mirror curves connected by a straight section. The two end floating bodies are identical and symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle floating body, each of the end floating bodies representing half of the average floating body. Between the floating bodies are formed two identical grooves, in each of which there is a rowing wheel. The three floating bodies are connected by a common deck, on which are placed an electric generator and a reducer coupled to it, which is connected to the main axis of each of the paddle wheels. According to the invention, each of the chutes has a length L (m) and a width B (m), defined as the distance between the noses of each two adjacent floating bodies, so that L (w) is twice as large as B (w) . The curve starting from the nose of the floating bodies is the concave part of the clotoid, passing through its inflection point into the convex part of the clotoid. The length of the curvature formed by the clothoid is one quarter of the length of the groove L (w). The curve passes into a straight section with a length equal to one second of the length of the chute L (w). Each propeller with a diameter D (w) includes a main axle and an eccentric axle spaced at a distance "E" (w), as well as radial levers which at one end are fixed to the main axle and at the other its ends are hinged to the blades. The eccentric axis is connected by eccentric levers hinged to a knee of length "1" (w), which at its other end is fixed and perpendicular to its respective blade.

Описания на издадени патенти за изобретения № 02.1/17.02.2020Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 02.1 / 17.02.2020

Един от ексцентриковите лостове е свързан неподвижно и под прав ъгъл със съответното му коляно и със съответната му лопатка, наречена водеща.One of the eccentric levers is fixed and at right angles to its corresponding knee and to its corresponding blade, called the guide.

В предпочитано изпълнение на изобретението, всяка лопатка е е правоъгълна форма е височина h (m) и дължина b (ш), при което h/b = 0,3. Освен това, спазено е и съотношението Е/1 = 0,7, където 1 (ш) е дължината на коляното. При това, предпочитано изпълнение броят на лопатките ζ е не по-малък от 6 и не по-голям от 8.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each blade is rectangular in shape, height h (m) and length b (w), wherein h / b = 0.3. In addition, the ratio E / 1 = 0.7 is observed, where 1 (w) is the knee length. In this preferred embodiment, the number of blades ζ is not less than 6 and not more than 8.

Предимствата на създаденото изобретение произтичат от формата на улеите и гребните колела. Възможността гребните колела да работят в средната права част от улеите е двойно по-малко сечение осигурява двойно по-голяма скорост на водното течение, при което отнетата кинетична енергия от водната повърхност лесно се превръща във въртящ момент на гребните колела. Освен това, чрез вертикалните бордове на плаващите тела и специалната клотоида е избегнато вихрообразуването, което явление отнема енергия от течението за създаване на паразитни вихри.The advantages of the invention derive from the shape of the grooves and paddles. The ability of the paddle wheels to work in the middle straight part of the chutes is twice smaller cross section provides twice the speed of the water flow, whereby the kinetic energy taken from the water surface is easily converted into torque on the paddle wheels. In addition, the vertical boards of the floating bodies and the special clothoid avoid vortex formation, which phenomenon takes energy from the current to create parasitic vortices.

Добивът на електроенергия от плаващата електроцентрала е гребни колела е напълно екологосъобразен, защото не се замърсява въздуха, тъй като няма вредни емисии; не се замърсяват водите, тъй като няма емисии на течни вещества; не се замърсяват почвите, тъй като няма отпадъци, и накрая няма шумово замърсяване, тъй като работещите механизми не произвеждат шум. Друго предимство на изобретението е възможността плаващият понтон, който може да бъде закотвен на произволно място по крайбрежието на реката, да се мести, без да се пречи на корабоплаването. Освен това той не отнема площи от брега и не изисква неговото мелиориране. Тази лабилност позволява да се избира благоприятен район за месторабота на съоръжението.The production of electricity from the floating power plant is paddle wheels is completely environmentally friendly because it does not pollute the air, as there are no harmful emissions; water is not polluted as there are no emissions of liquid substances; soils are not polluted because there is no waste, and finally there is no noise pollution because the working mechanisms do not produce noise. Another advantage of the invention is the possibility of the floating pontoon, which can be anchored at any place along the river bank, to move without interfering with navigation. In addition, it does not take up land from the shore and does not require its reclamation. This lability allows to choose a favorable area for the workplace of the facility.

Пояснение на приложените фигуриExplanation of the attached figures

Настоящото изобретение се илюстрира на приложените фигури, където:The present invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

фигура 1 представлява поглед отгоре на плаваща електроцентрала на течащи води е гребни колела; фигура 2 - страничен поглед на съоръжението от фиг. 1;Figure 1 is a top view of a floating running water power plant and paddle wheels; figure 2 is a side view of the device of fig. 1;

фигура 3 - поглед отпред на съоръжението от фиг. 1;Figure 3 is a front view of the device of Figure 3; 1;

фигура 4 - изображение на клотоида;figure 4 is an image of the clothoid;

фигура 5 - контурно изображение на понтони и улеи между тях;figure 5 - contour image of pontoons and gutters between them;

фигура 6 - поглед отстрани на гребно колело; и фигура 7 - поглед отпред на гребно колело.figure 6 - side view of a rowing wheel; and Figure 7 is a front view of a rowing wheel.

Примери за изпълнение на изобретениетоExamples of the invention

Създаденото съоръжение, показано на фигури 1, 2 и 3, представлява несамоходен плаващ понтон тип „тримаран“, включващ три плаващи тела, при което двете крайни плаващи тела 1 са еднакви и симетрично разположени спрямо средното плаващо тяло 2. Всяко от крайните плаващи тела 1 представлява половината от средното плаващо тяло 2. Плаващите тела 1 и 2 са е дължина L (ш), формиращи два еднакви улея, във всеки един от които е разположено по едно гребно колело 3. Всеки един от улеите също е е дължина L (ш) и широчина В (ш), определена като разстояние между носовете на всеки две съседни плаващи тела, така че L (ш) е два пъти по-голямо от В (ш). Плаващите тела 1 и 2 са е вертикални бордове и е форма, представляваща две огледални кривини, свързани е прав участък. Кривината, започваща от носа им е вдлъбната част на клотоида, преминаваща през инфлексната й точка в изпъкналата част на клотоидата. Дължината на кривината, образувана от клотоидата представлява една четвърт от дължината на улея L (ш). Кривината преминава в прав участък, който е е дължина, равна на една втора от дължината на улея L (ш).The created device shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is a non-self-propelled floating pontoon type "trimaran", comprising three floating bodies, where the two end floating bodies 1 are identical and symmetrically located relative to the middle floating body 2. Each of the final floating bodies 1 represents half of the average floating body 2. The floating bodies 1 and 2 are of length L (w), forming two identical chutes, in each of which there is one rowing wheel 3. Each of the chutes is also of length L (w) ) and width B (w), defined as the distance between the bows of each of two adjacent floating bodies, so that L (w) is twice as large as B (w). The floating bodies 1 and 2 are vertical boards and are a shape representing two mirror curves connected by a straight section. The curve starting from their nose is the concave part of the clotoid, passing through its inflection point into the convex part of the clotoid. The length of the curvature formed by the clotoid represents one quarter of the length of the groove L (w). The curvature passes into a straight section, which is a length equal to one second of the length of the chute L (w).

Сечението на улеите в средната права част, където са разположени гребните колела 3 има два пъти по-малко сечение отколкото в носовата част е формата на два клона на клотоида. Съгласно уравнението за непрекъснатост на водните течения SjVj=S2v2 скоростта на водното течение също нараства двойно. В случая S (ш2) е площта на входното сечение, а ν (ш/s) е скоростта на водното течение във входното сечение, a S2 (ш2) е площта на работното сечение и v2 (ш/s) е скоростта на водното течение в работната част. В носовата част, благодарение на кривината, оформена чрез клотоидата, при промяна на посоката, центробежното ускорение нараства/намалява линейно, а не скокообразно и не се допуска образуване на паразитни вихри,The cross-section of the grooves in the middle straight part, where the paddle wheels 3 are located, has twice less cross-section than in the bow part is the shape of two branches of the clotoid. According to the equation for continuity of water flows SjVj = S 2 v 2 the velocity of the water flow also doubles. In this case S (w 2 ) is the area of the inlet section, and ν (w / s) is the velocity of the water flow in the inlet section, and S2 (w 2 ) is the area of the working section and v2 (w / s) is the speed of the water flow in the working part. In the nasal part, due to the curvature formed by the clothoid, when changing direction, the centrifugal acceleration increases / decreases linearly, not abruptly, and the formation of parasitic vortices is not allowed,

Описания на издадени патенти за изобретения № 02.1/17.02.2020 отнемащи кинетична енергия от водното течение. Така получената скорост в средната права част на улеите е двойно по-голяма от скоростта в естественото течение, запазвайки ламинарния му характер.Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 02.1 / 17.02.2020 taking kinetic energy from the water flow. The speed thus obtained in the middle straight part of the gutters is twice as high as the speed in the natural flow, preserving its laminar character.

Всяко гребно колело 3 е диаметър D (т), определен по формулата D=2(H + 0,05), където Н е височината на понтона, включва главна ос 4 и ексцентрична ос 5, като разстоянието между тях е „Е“ (т) - наречено ексцентрично разстояние. Конструкцията на гребното колело 3 включва радиални лостове 6, които в единия си край са неподвижно свързани към главната ос 4, а в другия си край са шарнирно свързани е лопатки 7, е височина h (ш) и дължина b (ш). Ексцентричната ос 5 е свързана е ексцентрикови лостове 8. Ексцентриковите лостове 8 са шарнирно свързани е коляно 9 е дължина „1“ (ш), което в другия си край е неподвижно и перпендикулярно свързано към съответната му лопатка 7. Само един от ексцентриковите лостове 8а е свързан неподвижно и под прав ъгъл със съответното му коляно 9а и със съответната му лопатка 7а, наречена водеща, като по този начин се осигурява вертикално положение на лопатките 7, когато са във водата.Each propeller 3 has a diameter D (m), determined by the formula D = 2 (H + 0,05), where H is the height of the pontoon, includes a major axis 4 and an eccentric axis 5, the distance between them being "E" ( s) - called eccentric distance. The construction of the paddle wheel 3 includes radial levers 6, which at one end are fixedly connected to the main axis 4, and at the other end are hinged blades 7, is height h (w) and length b (w). The eccentric axis 5 is connected by eccentric levers 8. The eccentric levers 8 are hinged, the elbow 9 is of length "1" (w), which at its other end is fixed and perpendicularly connected to its respective blade 7. Only one of the eccentric levers 8a is connected fixedly and at right angles to its respective elbow 9a and to its respective blade 7a, called the guide, thus ensuring a vertical position of the blades 7 when in the water.

При конструкцията на гребното колело 3 са спазени следните зависимости, определящи оптималните му хидравлични характеристики:In the construction of the propeller 3 the following dependences are determined, determining its optimal hydraulic characteristics:

- отношението Е/1 = е = 0,7 и се нарича относителен ексцентрицитет;- the ratio E / 1 = e = 0.7 and is called relative eccentricity;

- отношението между h/b = 0,3 и определя размерите на лопатките;- the ratio between h / b = 0.3 and determines the dimensions of the blades;

- броят на лопатките z е не по-малък от 6 и не по-голям от 8 в зависимост от газенето на понтона. Трите плаващи тела 1 и 2 са свързани чрез обща палуба 10, създаваща достатъчно здрава връзка между телата. В средната част на палубата 10 е оформена рубка 11. В рубката 11 са поместени главно табло 12, електрогенератор 13 и куплиран към него редуктор 14, който е свързан е главната ос 4 на гребните колела 3. Произведената електроенергия се пренася към брега посредством кабел, окачен на колона 15. Към съоръжението са предвидени швартово устройство, кнехтови елементи 16, сигнализационни средства и лебедки 17.- the number of blades z is not less than 6 and not more than 8 depending on the draft of the pontoon. The three floating bodies 1 and 2 are connected by a common deck 10, creating a sufficiently strong connection between the bodies. In the middle part of the deck 10 a cabin 11 is formed. In the cabin 11 are placed a main panel 12, an electric generator 13 and a reducer 14 coupled to it, which is connected to the main axis 4 of the paddle wheels 3. The produced electricity is transmitted to the shore by cable, suspended on a column 15. A mooring device, bollards 16, signaling devices and winches 17 are provided to the facility.

Claims (4)

Патентни претенцииPatent claims 1. Плаваща електроцентрала е гребни колела за добив на електрическа енергия от течащи води, представляваща несамоходен плаващ понтон тип „тримаран“, включващ три плаващи тела е вертикални бордове и е форма, представляваща две огледални кривини, свързани е прав участък, при което двете крайни плаващи тела са еднакви и симетрично разположени спрямо средното плаващо тяло, като всяко от крайните плаващи тела представлява половината от средното плаващо тяло, като между плаващите тела са оформени два еднакви улея, във всеки един от които е разположено по едно гребно колело, като трите плаващи тела са свързани чрез обща палуба, върху която са разположени електрогенератор и куплиран към него редуктор, който е свързан е главната ос на всяко от гребните колела, характеризираща се е това, че всеки един от улеите е е дължина L (ш) и широчина В (ш), определена като разстояние между носовете на всеки две съседни плаващи тела (1 и 2), така че L (ш) е два пъти по-голямо от В (ш), като кривината, започваща от носа на плаващите тела (1 и 2) представлява вдлъбната част на клотоида, преминаваща през инфлексната й точка в изпъкналата част на клотоидата, при което дължината на кривината, образувана от клотоидата е една четвърт от дължината на улея L (ш), като кривината преминава в прав участък е дължина, равна на една втора от дължината на улея L (ш), а всяко гребно колело (3) е диаметър D (ш), включва главна ос (4) и ексцентрична ос (5), отстоящи една от друга на разстояние „Е“ (ш), както и радиални лостове (6), които в единия си край са неподвижно свързани към главната ос (4), а в другия си край са шарнирно свързани е лопатки (7), при което ексцентричната ос (5) е свързана е ексцентрикови лостове (8), шарнирно свързани е коляно (9), което в другия си край е неподвижно и перпендикулярно свързано към съответната му лопатка (7), като един от ексцентриковите лостове (8а) е свързан неподвижно и под прав ъгъл със съответното му коляно (9а) и със съответната му лопатка (7а).1. A floating power station is a paddle wheel for the production of electricity from running water, representing a non-self-propelled floating pontoon type "trimaran", including three floating bodies, vertical boards and a shape representing two mirror curves, connected by a straight section, where the two end floating bodies are identical and symmetrically located with respect to the average floating body, each of the end floating bodies representing half of the average floating body, with two identical grooves formed between the floating bodies, in each of which there is one rowing wheel, as the three floating bodies are connected by a common deck, on which are located an electric generator and a reducer coupled to it, which is connected to the main axis of each of the paddle wheels, characterized in that each of the grooves is length L (w) and width B (w), defined as the distance between the bows of each of two adjacent floating bodies (1 and 2), so that L (w) is twice as large as B (w), as the curvature from the nose of the floating bodies (1 and 2) is the concave part of the clotoid passing through its inflection point in the convex part of the clotoid, where the length of the curvature formed by the clotoid is one quarter of the length of the groove L (w), the curvature passing in a straight section is a length equal to one second of the length of the chute L (w), and each propeller (3) is a diameter D (w), includes a major axis (4) and an eccentric axis (5) on the other at a distance "E" (w), as well as radial levers (6), which at one end are fixedly connected to the main axis (4), and at the other end are hinged are blades (7), where the eccentric axis (5) is connected by eccentric levers (8), articulated is a knee (9), which at its other end is fixed and perpendicularly connected to its respective blade (7), as one of the eccentric levers (8a) is connected fixed and at right angles with its corresponding knee (9a) and its corresponding shoulder blade (7a). 2. Плаваща електроцентрала съгласно претенция 1, характеризираща се е това, че всяка лопатка (7) е е правоъгълна форма е височина h (ш) и дължина b (ш), при което h/b = 0,3.Floating power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that each blade (7) is rectangular in shape with a height h (w) and a length b (w), wherein h / b = 0.3. 3. Плаваща електроцентрала съгласно претенция 1, характеризираща се е това, че Е/1 = 0,7, където 1 е дължината на коляното (9).Floating power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that E / 1 = 0.7, where 1 is the length of the knee (9). Описания на издадени патенти за изобретения № 02.1/17.02.2020Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 02.1 / 17.02.2020 4. Плаваща електроцентрала съгласно претенция 1, характеризираща се е това, че броят z на лопатките (7) е не по-малък от 6 и не по-голям от 8.Floating power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the number z of the blades (7) is not less than 6 and not more than 8.
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