BG65145B1 - Driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has increased functional potentials and is designed for the electric drive of mechanisms with translational and rotative motion. It consists of a housing (1) having piston elements (2) fitted along a circumference, of arc-like surface (5), in the form of segments (6, 7) with poles (9, 10) fitted oppositely, having holes (11) with radial guides (12) in them. The radial guides (12) are fixed to a central collar (13) rigidly connected to housing (1). At least one of the segments (6) has limit switches (17, 18) of known type for the electrical supply of winding (3) of segments (6). In another inventive embodiment, between poles (9 and 10) of adjacent segments (6 and 7), axially oriented conductors (23) are positioned, in the form of radial intermediate elements (24), transparent for the magnetic power lines.

Description

The invention relates to an electric drive device using reciprocating motion of radially arranged elements.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There is a known electrical actuator with reciprocating motion of a piston element to which a coil (coil) is fixedly fixed, located in a central opening of a cup-shaped magnetic core, between which the coil has a return spring. The magnetic core is fixed to the housing of the device / 1 /.

This solution uses a one-way reciprocating piston element and a small stroke of the piston element, which reduces its functionality. Also, part of the electromagnetic force is used to shrink the return spring, which reduces the efficiency of the device.

Known is an electric drive device with reciprocating motion of a piston element, consisting of a housing magnet with a coil located therein and a piston element with a return spring. The piston element has a cylindrical part disposed with a gap in the winding and a disk part disposed opposite the ends of the housing / 2 /. The design of the piston element and the magnetic core in this solution is complicated.

Known electric drive device consisting of a housing with a crankshaft bearing therein and radial openings in which pistons with discally widened edges are arranged. The pistons are enclosed by solenoids attached to the housing and are arranged in two adjacent planes. The crankshaft necks are connected to the pistons by means of reels / 3 /.

In this solution there is no direct connection between the piston elements (pistons), their possibility for axial swinging, which limits the trajectory of the piston elements and to change the outer diameter and shape of the device. The small stroke of the piston results in reduced functionality of this device.

It is an object of the invention to provide a device with increased functionality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem is solved by means of a drive device comprising a piston element arranged in a housing with a coil connected to an electrical supply unit. According to the invention, circular piston elements with an arcuate / shape / surface are arranged in the housing, shaped as segments with opposite poles between adjacent segments, having openings with radial guides fixedly to a central bushing connected to the housing.

The segments are connected to their guides by a movable screw connection, the segments of the segments being widened and having a spiral surface relative to the axis of their openings.

Between the poles of each of the two adjacent segments are axial conductors, shaped as radial intermediate segments, transparent to magnetic force lines, the ends of which are connected in a closed circuit.

In the central opening of the housing is a crankshaft whose necks are connected to the segments by means of reels.

The segments are cross-shaped, derived from a second pair of poles transverse to the first pair of poles, with electromagnets mounted against the second pair of poles in the side walls of the housing, and the edges of the second pair of poles at each cross segment being located in radial grooves on the side walls .

The segments are arranged in a stator ring with three-phase windings providing a rotating magnetic field, with the central sleeve bearing in the housing, and collector rings of the central sleeve being provided to feed the windings of the sectors.

In the segments are arranged axial conductors, connected at their ends in a known manner, forming a common cassette with side rings having flexible sections between the individual segments.

An advantage of the invention is its increased functionality in view of the increased possibilities for moving the segments of the device (radial motion, combining between radial and axial movement of the segments, etc.), change of its outer diameter and shape, increased radial movement of the segments, possibility for operation in generator mode, etc.

Description of the attached figures

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the device;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the device;

Figure 2a is a longitudinal sectional view of the device when the guides are pivotally connected to the housing;

Figure 2c is a view of A in spiral-shaped poles of sectors;

Figure 2c is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the device with intermediate segments;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device with radially movable intermediate segments; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the crank device;

Figure 6 is a side view of the crankshaft;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the device of A in FIG. 1 in an exemplary embodiment with cross segments;

8 is a cross-sectional view of the stator winding device;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the device with axial conductors in its segments;

FIG. 10 is a side view of the device in multi-row segments along its length.

Embodiments of the invention

The actuator consists of a piston element 2 housed in housing 1 with a coil 3 connected to a power supply unit

4. In the housing 1 are arranged circumferentially (with varying diameter) piston elements 2 with an arcuate surface 5, shaped as segments 6, 7 are opposite poles 9, 10 between adjacent segments 6 and 7 having openings 11 with radial guides 12 fixed to the central sleeve 13, is fixed to the housing 1. In the guides 12 there are connecting wires 14 between the windings 3 of the segments 6, 7 and the power unit 4. The connecting wires 14 of the guides 12 are contacted by sliding contacts, with the ends of the windings 3 In another embodiment, the contact is carried out through spiral conductors. In another embodiment, permanent magnets are arranged between the electromagnets of the segments 6,7. On the inner surface 15 and the outer surface 16, at least one of the segments 6.7, limit switches 17.18 of the known type are provided for the power supply of the windings 3. In another exemplary embodiment of the power supply of the windings 3, alternating current may not be used. use limit switches 17, 18.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 2-a, the guides 12 are pivotally connected to the center sleeve 13 via axial axes 19.

In another embodiment, FIG. 2-s, there are springs 43 between poles 9 and 10 of segments 6.7, with ends in blind holes 44 of segments 6.7.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 2-c, the segments 6, 7 are connected to their guides 12 by a movable screw connection 20 (as a screw and a nut), the poles 9, 10 of the segments 6.7 being widened and spiral-shaped surface 21,22 relative to their openings 11.

In another embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, between the poles 9 and 10 of the adjacent segments 6 and 7 are arranged axial conductors 23 formed in radial intermediate segments 24, transparent to the magnetic force lines whose ends are connected in a closed el. circuit (with corresponding load resistance). In one embodiment shown in Figure 3, the intermediate segments 24 are fixedly fixed to the housing 1, and in another embodiment shown in Figure 4, the intermediate segments 24 are radially movably connected to the housing 1 by radial guides of a known type.

In another embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6, a crankshaft 25 is located in the central opening of the housing 1, whose necks 26 are connected to the segments 6, 7 by means of reels 27. Segments 6, 7 are arranged in at least one plane , and optionally in two or more adjacent planes.

In another embodiment shown in Figure 7, the segments 6, 7 have a cross-shape obtained by a second pair of poles 28, 29 with corresponding coils 3 (optionally made as permanent magnets), as opposed to the second pair of poles 28,29 in the side walls 30 , Electromagnets 32,33 are mounted on housing 1, and the ends of the second pair of poles 28, 29 of each cross-shaped segment 6, 7 are located in radial grooves 34, 35 on the side walls 30, 31 (act as guides of segments 6 , 7).

In another exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 8, the segments 6, / are arranged in a stator ring 36 with three-phase windings 37 providing a rotating magnetic field, the central sleeve 13 being rotated in the housing 1, and for feeding the windings 3 Segments 6, 7 include collectors of the known type.

In another embodiment of the guides 12 there are windings 45 (Fig. 3).

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 9, axial conductors 38 are connected in segments 6 and 7, connected at their ends by plates 39, interconnected in a known manner (eg by flexible conductors 40 or other variants) forming a common cassette with side rings.

In another exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 10, two segments 41, 42 are arranged bilaterally on segments 6, 7 in adjacent planes with guides thereto.

In another embodiment, there is a slight clearance between the poles 9 and 10 of the adjacent segments 6, 7 at the extreme inner position of the segments 6 and 7, and in another embodiment they touch.

Use of the invention

When the segments 6, 7 are adjacent to each other to the minimum possible diameter, the windings 3 are fed so that the poles 9,10 of the adjacent segments 6.7 opposite each other have the same polarity, so that the segments 6 are mutually repelled. 7 slide on their guides 12, occupying the other end position corresponding to a maximum circle. In this situation, the direction of the current is changed in the coils 3, which are arranged through one coil 6, corresponding to different polarity of the opposite poles 9, 10 of the adjacent segments 6,7, whereby they are attracted to each other and moved to the center of the device to the initial their situation. In this way, the segments 6 and 7 perform reciprocating motion with respect to their drivers 12 in radial directions, changing the diameter of their instantaneous positioning. When AC power is applied, this movement of the segments 6, 7 occurs automatically, in accordance with the frequency of the current. In the case of DC supply, the change of direction in the windings 3 is carried out in the end positions of the segments 6,7 by means of the respective switches 17 and 18. In one embodiment, the device operates using permanent magnets of the segments 6 located between the segments 7 with coil electromagnets 3.

When using the segments 6.7 with the screw connection 20 (Fig. 2-c) simultaneously with the radial distance of the segments 6, 7, they rotate with respect to their guides 12, whereby the distance between the helical surfaces 21,22 at their poles 9 and 10 increases slightly. This is rational for very large radial motion of segments 6, 7.

When using the intermediate segments 24 with the axial conductors 23 (Fig. 3), they are crossed by the magnetic flux of the radially moving adjacent segments 6 and 7, whereby current flows in the axial conductors 23. In the interaction of the current (in the conductors 23) and the magnetic field of the segments 6,7, a force is exerted on the intermediate segments 24, which radially moves them in the moving segments 24.

When the segments 6.7 are connected to the crankshaft 25 (Figs. 5, 6), the reverse radial displacement of the segments 6 and 7 is transformed into a rotational motion of the crankshaft 25. Up to the plane of the segments, the 6.7 can be positioned parallel to their plane the second group of segments 6 and 7, connected in the same way to the crankshaft 25, in which when one group of segments 6.7 is in one extreme position, the other group of segments are in the other extreme position relative to their guides 12.

When using cross-shaped segments, FIG. 7, 6 and 7, they can perform in addition to radial motion and axial motion (swing) due to the interaction between the second pair of poles 28,29 and the electromagnets 32,33, from the side walls 30,31 of the housing 1. In this case the cross-shaped segments 6, 7 can be arranged spiral, sinusoidal, in one plane (linear) and other variants.

When using the stator ring 36, which generates a rotating magnetic field (Fig. 8), the segments 6.7 together with the central sleeve 13 can rotate. The rotation is performed by feeding the coils 3 of the segments 6.7, as well as using segments 6.7 with the axial conductors 38. Alternatively, the axial conductors may be fixed to the ends of the guides 12 located adjacent to the stator ring 36.

As the polarity of part of the segments 6 is changed, the shape of their outer surface changes relative to the cylindrical one.

For groups of segments located in adjacent planes (Fig. 10), the outer (encompassing) surface of the device may take different forms, such as cylindrical, sinusoidal, wavy, etc., depending on the instantaneous location of the segments 6.7 in each of these planes .

The device can generate a DC and, respectively, current in the axial conductors 23 of the intermediate segments 24 (Fig. 3). The device can also be used as a generator to mechanically drive the segments 6.7 from an external motor, for example, by rotating the crankshaft 25 (Figs. 5, 6), which segments 6, 7 intersect the axial conductors 23, generating current in them. Segments 6, 7 (of permanent magnets or electromagnets) are collected in a common toroidal ring and separated from each other, forming a large number of pairs of poles 9, 10, changing the energy level of the magnetic field of the device.

In the articulation of the guides 12 to the central sleeve 13, FIG. 2a, the distance between the poles 9, 10 of the adjacent segments 6, 7 may be varied depending on the polarity of the adjacent segments 6 and 7.

The invention does not limit the mounting of the windings 45 (Fig. 3) along the guides 12 having ferromagnetic properties, thereby changing the radial force on the segments 6.7.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2-c, when the segments 6, 7 move toward each other, the springs 43 contract, and when the springs 43 extend, they extend the segments 6.7 in the opposite direction. In one embodiment, the springs 43, by their ends, are fixedly connected to the segments 6.7.

Claims (7)

Claims A propulsion device comprising a coil-mounted piston element connected to a power supply unit, characterized in that piston elements (2) with an arcuate surface (5), shaped as segments (5), are arranged in a housing (1). 6, 7) having opposite poles (9, 10) having openings (11) with radial guides (12) therein, fixed to a central sleeve (13), fixed to the housing (1), for at least one of segments (6) are provided end switches (17, 18) of known type for power supply of windings they (3) of the segments (6). Propulsion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the segments (6, 7) are connected to their guides (12) by a movable screw connection (20), wherein the poles (9,10) of the segments (6,7) ) are widened and have a spiral surface (21, 22) relative to their openings (11). Propulsion device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that between the poles (9 and 10) of the adjacent segments (6 and 7) there are axially directed conductors (23) formed in radial intermediate segments (24), transparent for magnetic force lines whose ends are connected in a closed circuit. Propulsion device according to claims 1,2 and 3, characterized in that a crankshaft (25) is mounted in the central opening of the housing (1), whose necks (26) are connected to the segments (6, 7) by means of reels (27). Propulsion device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the segments (6, 7) have a cruciform shape, obtained by a second pair of poles (28, 29) with corresponding windings (3) against which they are mounted - 5 electromagnets (32,33) in the side walls (30, 31) of the housing (1), and the ends of the second pair of poles (28, 29) are located with a gap in the radial grooves (34,35) of the side walls ( 30, 31). 10 Propulsion device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the segments (6,7) are arranged in a stator ring (36) with a magnetic core and three-phase windings (37), wherein the central bushing (13) is rotatably mounted in the housing (1) and collectors are provided for powering the windings (3). Propulsion device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the poles (9,10) of the adjacent segments (6, 7) there are tangentially arranged springs (43) whose ends are mounted in blind holes (44) at the poles (9, 10).