BG64831B1 - Preparation for the prophylactics and treatment of varoatosis, brauliasis and acariasis in bee families - Google Patents

Abstract

The preparation contains, in wt.%, a mixture of active therapeutic substances of thymol from 5 to 30 and mint oil from 0.7 to 3.5, and in addition the following have been added: carboxymethyl cellulose 0.2-3.0 and natural mineral substances - bentonite from 1 to 5, zeolite from 30 to 38.5 and gypsum from 15 to 20. The preparation has higher efficiency attained by ensuring long and even evaporation of the active substance at reduced residual concentrations in the apiary products of honey, wax and propolis. It is easily administered in a suitable pharmaceutical form which avoids any additional carrier of the product and the necessity of its substitution during the therapeutic period,

Description

(54) PREPARATION AND TREATMENT OF VAROATOSIS, BRAULOSIS AND ACHOROSIS IN BEE FAMILIES

Technical field

The invention relates to a preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and sucrose in bee families and may find application in beekeeping.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various preparations based on chemically pure substances, natural products and essential oils are known for the prevention and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and aroma in bee families. These preparations generally contain synthetic pyrethroids (flumetrin, fluvalinate, etc.), amitraz, coumafos, thymol, and the like. Formic acid, lactic acid and oxalic acid treatments and combinations thereof are known.

In the prevention and treatment of thymol, it is most commonly administered in the form of crystals, powder or as a solution in ethanol (alcohol). During the prophylaxis and treatment with thymol of crystals, it is placed in a beehive in a gauze bag, a wooden chest with openings or other protective media, and in case of thymol powder, it is sprinkled uncontrollably on the cakes. The thymol solution is usually soaked either on a sponge (carrier) or on soft porous strips that are placed in the beehive after evaporation of the alcohol. In all these cases, passive evaporation from the carrier material is relied upon, which evaporation depends on the ambient temperature, the product concentration and the surface area of the carrier, respectively, the evaporation area. After a certain period of time, a solid crust forms on the surface of the crystal or the solution of thymol, which prevents evaporation and, accordingly, reduces or even stops the prophylactic and curative effect. On the other hand, the active evaporation period of pure thymol is 24 to 72 hours, and the tick development period is about 35 days. Therefore, in order to treat all ticks in the hive, it is necessary to carry out several times treatment with thymol. Moreover, the high concentration of pure thymol in the hive, especially at high ambient temperatures, results in high mortality in bees, which is highly undesirable. Although thymol is a natural product, it is not harmful and is a natural component of honey, its residual concentration above 1.1 mg / kg changes the taste of honey, which is undesirable.

It is known and widely used in apiculture preparation Apilife VAR / Apilife VAR /, Beekeeping magazine, issue. 8/1995, p. 8, “Alternative Methods to Fight Varroatosis,” M. Imdorf and Coll. It was developed in Italy to combat Varroa Jacobsoni in bee families and contains thymol, eucalyptus oil, menthol and camphor. The thymol in the preparation varies up to 76%, eucalyptus oil up to 16.4%, menthol up to 3.8% and camphor 3.8%, used from late summer to autumn. In the treatment, pieces of vermiculite (carrier) soaked in about 20 g of this mixture are placed on the fruit cakes for 3-4 weeks. The pieces are then replaced with new ones, which are also left for 3-4 weeks. Efficiency depends on the concentration of thymol in the air in the hive, which is influenced by factors such as bee behavior, the position of the cakes and more. Evaporation and, accordingly, the effectiveness of the preparation are high in the initial stage and again depend on the surface of evaporation, ambient temperature, etc. factors. If the average daily temperature drops below 12 ° C for a long period during the season, efficiency also decreases. In addition, the vermiculite tiles are subject to wear by the bees and this reduces the evaporation area and efficiency of the preparation. On the other hand, the high percentage of thymol in the preparation creates high concentrations in the hive, especially at the start of treatment, which at high ambient temperatures (above 30 ° C) leads to bee mortality and a decrease in the new population. High levels of thymol in Apilife BAP may also lead to residual concentrations above

1.1 mg / kg, which may change the taste of honey.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and sucrose in bee families, with the application of which is to increase efficacy by providing a continuous and uniform evaporation of the active substance; to reduce residual concentrations in bee products - in honey, wax and propolis; and to ensure its easy administration in a suitable form to avoid the additional carrier for the preparation and the need to replace it during the therapeutic period.

The preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and sucrose in bee families contains in wt. %: a mixture of the active medicinal substances thymol and mint oil, according to the invention they are in the ratio of thymol from 5 to 30 and mint oil from 0.7 to 3.5, and additionally includes carboxymethyl cellulose from 0.2 to 3.0 and natural minerals - bentonite 1 to 5, zeolite 30 to 38.5 and gypsum 15 to 20. The ratio of active ingredients, carboxymethyl cellulose and natural minerals is in the range 1.75: 1: 22.5 to 2, 5: 1: 6.5.

Due to the inclusion of new ingredients of natural clay materials - bentonites, sorbent minerals - zeolite and gypsum, the preparation is obtained in a stable plastic form, which guarantees a continuous and uniform release of the active substances included within 40 to 50 days and the need for additional carriers is avoided. of the therapeutic agent. This is a prerequisite for a safe therapeutic effect of the medicinal active substances - thymol and mint oil, including good tolerance, which is confirmed by the lack of plaque locking and attempts at destruction by bees and removal from the hive without affecting the development of life. and the productivity of the bee family.

On the other hand, in the formulation according to the invention, the active substances thymol and mint oil are in optimal composition and ratio to each other, as well as to other fillers, so that they provide high and lasting levels of therapeutic effect, independent of the ambient temperature and strength of the bee family. The selected concentrations of the ingredients allow the preparation to be administered once for prophylaxis and treatment throughout the treatment period, unlike the known preparations and substances.

The preparation in the selected ratios does not accumulate in the bee products - honey, wax, propolis and they are edible throughout the course of treatment and after.

The preparation with its stable plastic form provides accurate dosing and a convenient way of application with minimal labor and time spent by beekeepers.

Embodiments of the invention

The following exemplary embodiments illustrate the invention without limitation.

Example 1.

In 100 wt. h. of the preparation for the prevention and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and sucrose in bee families contain the active substances timol - 5 wt. including mint oil - 2 wt. hours, to which were added 4 wt. including carboxymethyl cellulose, 1 wt. bentonite, 83 wt. including zeolite and 5 wt. including moistened plaster.

In this case, to obtain 100 wt. hours of preparation in the mixer are placed 4 wt. carboxymethyl cellulose, previously dissolved in water, 5 wt. h. timol, 2 wt. h. mint oil pre-mixed with 1 wt. bentonite, 83 wt. including zeolite, 5 wt. including moistened plaster. The ingredients were homogenized for 5 to 10 minutes and formed into a 14.8 / 5 / 0.5 cm plate size. They are packed individually in a sealed package.

Example 2.

In 100 wt. h of the preparation for the prevention and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and sucrose in bee families contains the active substances timol - 20 wt. including mint oil - 5 wt. hours to which 10 wt. including carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 wt. bentonite, 37 wt. including zeolite and 25 wt. including moistened plaster.

In this case, to obtain 100 wt. hours of preparation in the mixer are placed 10 wt. carboxymethyl cellulose, previously dissolved in water, 20 wt. h. timol, 5 wt. h. mint oil pre-mixed with 3 wt. bentonite, 37 wt. including zeolite, 25 wt. including moistened plaster. The ingredients were homogenized for 5 to 10 minutes and formed into a 14.8 / 5 / 0.5 cm plate size. They are packed individually in a sealed package.

Claims

Claims (3)

1. A preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and acarosis in bee families, comprising a mixture of the active medicinal substances thymol and mint oil, characterized in that the active substances are as follows, in wt.%: Thymol from 5 to 30 and peppermint oil from 0.7 to 3.5, in addition carboxymethyl cellulose from 0.2 to 3.0 are included, and natural minerals: bentonite from 1 to 5, zeolite from 30 to 38.5 and gypsum from 15 to 20. A preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and acarose in bee families according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the active ingredients, carboxymethyl cellulose and natural minerals is in the range of 1.75: 1: 22, 5 to 2.5: 1: 6.5. 5. A preparation for the prophylaxis and treatment of varroatosis, brucellosis and acarose in bee families according to claim 3, characterized in that it is a tile 14.8 cm long, 5 cm wide and 0.5 cm thick.