BG63792B1 - Absorption separator reinforced with glass fibres - Google Patents
Absorption separator reinforced with glass fibres Download PDFInfo
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- BG63792B1 BG63792B1 BG104312A BG10431200A BG63792B1 BG 63792 B1 BG63792 B1 BG 63792B1 BG 104312 A BG104312 A BG 104312A BG 10431200 A BG10431200 A BG 10431200A BG 63792 B1 BG63792 B1 BG 63792B1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
- H01M50/437—Glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/454—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising a non-fibrous layer and a fibrous layer superimposed on one another
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/494—Tensile strength
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
- B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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Abstract
Description
Изобретението се отнася до абсорбиращи акумулаторни сепаратори, усилени с влакна, включително акумулатори, регулирани с клапани.The invention relates to absorbent fiber-reinforced battery separators, including valve-regulated batteries.
Предшестващо състояние на техникатаBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Захранващите акумулатори на база оловокиселина се използват за натрупване на електрическа енергия в химическа форма.Lead acid-based rechargeable batteries are used to store electrical energy in chemical form.
Този тип акумулатор може да се презарежда и разрежда много пъти, като някои акумулатори са в състояние да понесат няколко стотици или дори няколко хиляди цикъла на презареждане-зареждане преди количеството електрическа енергия, подадена при разреждане, да стане твърде малко. Нормално този праг (граница) на електропоказателя (характеристиката) се проявява при 80% от номиналния капацитет на акумулатора.This type of battery can be recharged and recharged many times, with some batteries capable of withstanding several hundred or even several thousand recharging-charging cycles before the amount of electricity supplied at discharge is too low. Normally, this threshold (limit) of the power indicator (characteristic) occurs at 80% of the rated capacity of the battery.
Поддържането на традиционния оловно-киселинен акумулатор включва заменянето на загубената при електролизата вода или изпаряването, по-специално при цикъла на презареждане.Maintaining a traditional lead-acid battery involves replacing the water lost by electrolysis or evaporation, especially during the recharge cycle.
За да се отстрани необходимостта от това поддържане, акумулаторът, регулиран с клапан, е усъвършенстван и е известен като газ-рекомбиниран акумулатор. При този тип акумулатор значително се намалява загубата на вода, благодарение на рекомбинирането на кислорода, което се извършва в акумулатора към края на цикъла на презареждане.To eliminate the need for this maintenance, the valve-regulated battery has been refined and is known as a gas-recombined battery. This type of battery significantly reduces water loss due to the recombination of oxygen that takes place in the battery towards the end of the recharge cycle.
Кислород се образува на положителните плочи към края на презареждането чрез електролиза на наличната в електролита вода. Газът пълни акумулатора и се придвижва към отрицателните плочи. Кислородът се редуцира на повърхността на тези плочи и чрез серия от електрохимични реакции се включва в електролита.Oxygen is formed on the positive plates towards the end of the recharge by electrolysis of the water present in the electrolyte. The gas fills the battery and moves to the negative plates. Oxygen is reduced to the surface of these plates and incorporated into the electrolyte by a series of electrochemical reactions.
Редуцирането на кислорода е възможно, тъй като акумулаторът има клапан, който не допуска изтичането на кислорода от акумулатора и поддържа налягането вътре в акумулатора, малко по-високо от атмосферното налягане. Това по-високо налягане вътре в акумулатора не допуска газовете от атмосферата да проникнат в акумулатора.Reducing oxygen is possible because the battery has a valve that prevents oxygen from flowing out of the battery and keeps the pressure inside the battery slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure. This higher pressure inside the battery prevents atmospheric gases from entering the battery.
Установяването на това вътрешно рециклиране на кислорода е възможно само ако електро литът е неподвижен и ако газовете намерят празни пространства, през които могат да циркулират. Двата начина за обездвижване на електролита са: желиране на електролита със силикагел; използване на сепаратори абсорбенти, които задържат електролита.Establishing this internal oxygen recycling is only possible if the electrolyte is stationary and the gases find empty spaces through which they can circulate. The two ways of immobilizing the electrolyte are: gelation of the electrolyte with silica gel; use of absorbent separators that retain the electrolyte.
Акумулаторите, регулирани с клапан, включват еластични порьозни сепаратори, които са поставени между плочите с обратна полярност. Сепараторите абсорбират и задържат киселия течен електролит така, че по същество целият електролит е абсорбиран в порите на сепараторите така, че по повърхността на плочите на акумулаторите има само много тънък слой електролит. Сепараторите поддържат електролита близо до плочите независимо от положението на акумулатора.Valve-regulated accumulators include elastic porous separators, which are inserted between the plates with reversed polarity. The separators absorb and retain the acidic liquid electrolyte so that essentially the entire electrolyte is absorbed into the pores of the separators so that only a very thin layer of electrolyte is present on the surface of the battery plates. The separators keep the electrolyte close to the plates regardless of the position of the battery.
Степента на насищане на порите в абсорбиращия сепаратор не трябва да надвишава 95%, тъй като е необходимо свободно пространство, за да може кислородът да преминава през сепаратора, когато той се движи от положителните плочи, където се образува към отрицателните плочи, където той се консумира (изразходва), като се редуцира и вкарва отново в електролита чрез поредица от химични реакции.The degree of saturation of the pores in the absorber separator must not exceed 95%, since free space is required to allow oxygen to pass through the separator as it moves from the positive plates where it forms to the negative plates where it is consumed. (consumed) by reducing and reintroducing it into the electrolyte through a series of chemical reactions.
Абсорбент-сепараторите играят много важна роля при рециклирането на кислорода, тъй като чрез обездвижване на електролита в техните пори те дават възможност за достъп на кислорода до повърхността на отрицателните плочи, където газът се редуцира чрез химични реакции.Absorbent separators play a very important role in the recycling of oxygen, since by immobilizing the electrolyte in their pores, they allow oxygen to reach the surface of the negative plates, where the gas is reduced by chemical reactions.
Обикновено конструкцията на абсорбентсепаратора е на базата на стъклени микровлакна, които имат висока устойчивост на окисляване. При напълването на акумулатора стъклените микровлакна бързо и напълно се насищат с електролит (сярна киселина).Typically, the design of the absorbent separator is based on glass microfibers that have a high oxidation resistance. When the battery is charged, the glass microfibers are quickly and completely saturated with electrolyte (sulfuric acid).
В миналото са използвани различни смеси от влакна, като например смес от груби стъклени влакна и фини стъклени влакна със или без органични влакна. Влакната се използват в такива пропорции, че те да задържат достатъчно количество електролити. В US 4 465 748 е описан сепаратор от стъклени влакна, съдържащ между 5 и 35% тегл. стъклени влакна с диаметър под 1 μ, като останалите влакна имат по-голям диаметър.In the past, various fiber mixtures were used, such as a mixture of coarse glass fibers and fine glass fibers with or without organic fibers. The fibers are used in such proportions that they retain a sufficient amount of electrolytes. US 4 465 748 discloses a glass fiber separator containing between 5 and 35% by weight. glass fibers with a diameter of less than 1 μ, with the remaining fibers having a larger diameter.
Физичните и химичните качества на абсорбиращите сепаратори със стъклени микровлакна зависят в голяма степен от съдържанието на фини микровлакна и от начина на поставянето им.The physical and chemical properties of glass microfibre absorbers depend to a large extent on the content of the fine microfibers and how they are placed.
Едно от желаните качества на този тип сепаратори е възможността за свързването им, за да се образуват джобове, обвиващи плочите на акумулатора. Сцеплението на сепараторите е възможно благодарение на използването на синтетични влакна, смесени с микровлакна. Обикновено синтетичните влакна са между 5 и 40% от използваните влакна, като са пригодени да бъдат стопени и така да свържат сепараторите заедно. Друг начин за свързване на два сепаратора е те да се пресоват на определени места, докато се свържат един с друг. Тези сепаратори съдържат между 5 и 40% тегл. синтетични влакна, които се стапят чрез нагряване или се деформират при пресоване (притискане).One of the desirable qualities of this type of separator is the ability to connect them to form pockets enclosing the battery plates. Separation of the separators is possible due to the use of synthetic fibers mixed with microfibers. Typically, synthetic fibers are between 5 and 40% of the fibers used, and are adapted to melt and thus bind the separators together. Another way to connect two separators is to compress them in specific places while connecting to each other. These separators contain between 5 and 40% by weight. synthetic fibers which melt by heating or deform by compression.
Този начин е описан във FR 2 667 672.This method is described in FR 2 667 672.
Техническа същност на изобретениетоSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Целта на изобретението е да се създадат сепаратори за акумулатори със стъклено микровлакно, които имат по-добри механични качества, отколкото традиционните сепаратори със стъклени влакна за акумулатори.It is an object of the invention to provide glass microfiber battery separators having better mechanical properties than traditional glass fiber glass separators.
За тази цел изобретението предлага абсорбиращ сепаратор за оловни акумулатори, регулирани чрез клапан, който сепаратор се състои от първи слой, втори слой и лента от синтетична смола, поставена между първия и втория слой.To this end, the invention provides an absorber separator for lead-acid batteries regulated by a valve, which separator consists of a first layer, a second layer, and a synthetic resin strip placed between the first and second layers.
Благодарение на лентата от синтетична смола, която покрива цялата или част от повърхността на първия слой, се увеличава здравината на сепаратора. Този абсорбиращ сепаратор има по-голяма якост на опън, отколкото традиционните сепаратори с един слой от стъклени влакна със същия състав на влакната. Установено е, че якостта на опън е значително увеличена. При идентичен състав на микровлакната измерванията показват, че якостта на опън може да стане три пъти по-голяма и се изменя от 0,5 на 1,5 kN/m. Освен това лентата от синтетична смола прави възможно да се постигне относително удължаване с 4 % вместо с 1 % при подобни сепаратори, които не съдържат такава лента. Следователно, възможно е използването на сепаратори, направени от относително крехък материал, при приложения, за които се изисква известна якост на опън, например в автоматизирани механизми (агрегати), обвиващи електродите на акумулаторите.Thanks to the synthetic resin strip, which covers all or part of the surface of the first layer, the strength of the separator is increased. This absorbent separator has more tensile strength than traditional single-layer fiberglass separators with the same fiber composition. The tensile strength was found to be significantly increased. With an identical microfiber composition, measurements show that the tensile strength can be three times greater and varies from 0.5 to 1.5 kN / m. In addition, the synthetic resin strip makes it possible to achieve a relative elongation of 4% instead of 1% with similar separators that do not contain such a strip. Therefore, it is possible to use separators made of relatively brittle material for applications requiring some tensile strength, for example in automated mechanisms (assemblies) that encase battery electrodes.
Синтетичната смола е предимно термовтвърдяваща се смола. След изсушаване на сепаратора при температура, приблизително 100°С, смолата губи водата и образува много здраво пластично покритие, което е в състояние да залепи взаимно слоевете на сепаратора. Освен това тази смола прави възможно да се свържат два отделни сепаратора, разположени един над друг, за да образуват джоб, в който може да се вместят електродите. Прилепването може да се извърши например по механични начини, чрез нагряване и т.н.Synthetic resin is mainly a thermosetting resin. After drying the separator at a temperature of approximately 100 ° C, the resin loses water and forms a very strong plastic coating that is able to adhere the separator layers to each other. In addition, this resin makes it possible to connect two separate separators one above the other to form a pocket in which the electrodes can fit. The adhesion can be done, for example, by mechanical means, by heating, etc.
Съгласно предпочитано изпълнение лентата от смола представлява акрилова смола, за предпочитане бутилов акрилат.In a preferred embodiment, the resin strip is an acrylic resin, preferably butyl acrylate.
Лентата от синтетична смола за предпочитане се състои от микровлакна, просмукани със смола. Дебелината на такава лента от смола може да се променя от 0,01 до 1 mm, за предпочитане от 0,05 до 0,15 mm.The synthetic resin strip preferably consists of resin-impregnated microfibers. The thickness of such a resin strip may vary from 0.01 to 1 mm, preferably from 0.05 to 0.15 mm.
Лентите от синтетична смола имат широчина, която се избира в зависимост от широчината на сепаратора. Обикновено лентата има широчина, която е относително по-малка от широчината на сепаратора. Обикновено широчината е между 1 и 20 mm, за предпочитане между 3 и 10 mm.Synthetic resin strips have a width that is selected depending on the width of the separator. Typically, the strip has a width that is relatively smaller than the width of the separator. Typically, the width is between 1 and 20 mm, preferably between 3 and 10 mm.
Лентата може да бъде както от едно единствено парче, така и от няколко ленти, разположени по дължина. Обикновено широчината на лентата от смола е между 1 и 20 mm, за предпочитане между 3 и 10 mm.The tape can be either a single piece or several lengthwise strips. Typically, the width of the resin strip is between 1 and 20 mm, preferably between 3 and 10 mm.
Слоевете стъкло от микровлакна могат да бъдат еднакви или различни. Слоевете на сепаратора включват стъкловлакна със среден диаметър между 0,2 и 13 pm. Типичният състав на всеки слой е следния в %: от 0 до 60 стъкловлакна със среден диаметър, по-малък от 1 pm (от 0,2 до 0,8 pm), от 0 до 70 стъкловлакна със среден диаметър между 1 и 10 pm (от 2 до 4 pm) и от 5 до 10 стъкловлакна със среден диаметър в интервала между 10 и 13 pm.The layers of microfiber glass can be the same or different. The separator layers include glass fibers with an average diameter of between 0.2 and 13 pm. The typical composition of each layer is as follows:% from 0 to 60 glass fibers with an average diameter of less than 1 pm (from 0.2 to 0.8 pm), from 0 to 70 glass fibers with an average diameter between 1 and 10 pm (2 to 4 pm) and 5 to 10 glass fibers with an average diameter between 10 and 13 pm.
Съставът на всеки слой може да се променя в зависимост от желаните качества на сепаратора. Двата слоя могат да бъдат еднакви или различни.The composition of each layer may vary depending on the desired qualities of the separator. The two layers can be the same or different.
Съгласно друго предпочитано изпълнение първият слой на сепаратора съдържа повече от 50% стъкловлакна със среден диаметър под 1 р.According to another preferred embodiment, the first separator layer comprises more than 50% fiberglass with an average diameter of less than 1 p.
Влакната на първия слой за предпочитане имат среден диаметър, по-голям от 0,4 р.The fibers of the first layer preferably have an average diameter greater than 0.4 p.
Дебелината на първия слой е за предпочитане в интервала между 20 и 50% от общата дебелина на сепаратора. Съотношението между теглата на фините влакна и по-грубите влакна може да се променя в интервала между 20 и 50% от общото тегло на сепаратора.The thickness of the first layer is preferably in the range of 20 to 50% of the total thickness of the separator. The ratio between the weights of the fine fibers and the coarser fibers may vary between 20 and 50% of the total weight of the separator.
Вторият слой за предпочитане съдържа повече от 50% стъкловлакна със среден диаметър, по-голям от 1 р. За предпочитане вторият слой на сепаратора съдържа повече от 90% стъкловлакна със среден диаметър, по-голям от 1 μ.The second layer preferably contains more than 50% fiberglass with an average diameter greater than 1 p. Preferably, the second separator layer contains more than 90% fiberglass with an average diameter greater than 1 μ.
При предпочитано изпълнение съгласно изобретението вторият слой съдържа също влакна със среден диаметър, по-голям от 5 μ.In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, the second layer also contains fibers with an average diameter greater than 5 μ.
Съгласно друг аспект на изобретението то предлага също изработването на абсорбиращ сепаратор за акумулатори, включително оловни акумулатори, регулирани с клапан, по метод, при който долният слой се разполага върху подложка, лентата от синтетична смола се разполага върху този слой и тогава върху лентата от смола се поставя горният слой, след което слоевете се притискат един към друг и така те остават свързани един с друг.According to another aspect of the invention, it also provides the fabrication of an absorbent battery separator, including valve-regulated lead batteries, by a method in which the lower layer is placed on a pad, the synthetic resin strip is placed on that layer and then on the resin strip the top layer is placed, and then the layers are pressed together so that they remain connected to each other.
Съгласно едно предпочитано изпълнение долният слой се състои главно от влакна със среден диаметър, по-голям от 1 μ и горният слой се състои от влакна със среден диаметър, по-малък от 1 μ.According to one preferred embodiment, the lower layer consists mainly of fibers with an average diameter greater than 1 μ and the upper layer consists of fibers with an average diameter less than 1 μ.
В резултат на по-голямата порьозност на слоя, съдържащ влакна със среден диаметър, поголям от 1 μ, се подобрява свързването на лентата от смола.Due to the greater porosity of the layer containing medium diameter fibers larger than 1 μ, the bonding of the resin band is improved.
За предпочитане влакната, смесени с вода, последователно се поставят върху пропускаща вода мата. След като се постави вторият слой от влакна, сепараторът се подлага на притискане, за да се свържат наслаганите един върху друг слоеве, след което се суши.Preferably, the fibers mixed with water are successively placed on a water-permeable mat. After the second fiber layer is inserted, the separator is pressed to bond the layers stacked on top of each other and then dried.
Описание на приложените фигуриDescription of the attached figures
Други особености на изобретението са описани по начин, който не ограничава изобретението, в посочените примери и на приложените фигури, от които:Other features of the invention are described in a non-limiting manner in the foregoing examples and the accompanying drawings, of which:
фигура 1 представлява сепаратор, съдържат две ленти от синтетична смола;Figure 1 is a separator comprising two synthetic resin strips;
фигура 2 - графично изображение, показващо изработването на многослоен сепаратор, усилен чрез нанасяне на обмазка от акрилова смола.Figure 2 is a graphical representation showing the fabrication of a multilayer separator reinforced by acrylic resin coating.
Примери за изпълнение на изобретениетоExamples of carrying out the invention
На фиг. 2 е показан многослоен сепаратор 10, включващ първи слой, съдържащ предимно влакна със среден диаметър 1 μ, втори слой, съдържащ предимно влакна със среден диаметър, поголям от 1 μ и две ленти 12 от синтетична смола, които са вместени между първия и втория слой. В случая, представен на фиг. 1, лентите 12 са нане сени в страничните краища на сепаратора 10 така, че да усилят страничните краища на сепаратора. И двете ленти 12 имат дебелина от около 0,10 mm и широчина от 3 до 10 mm. Те са направени от акрилова смола и усилват сепаратора 10.In FIG. 2 shows a multilayer separator 10 comprising a first layer predominantly containing fibers with a mean diameter of 1 μ, a second layer containing predominantly medium diameter fibers larger than 1 μ and two synthetic resin strips 12 which are inserted between the first and second layers . In the case of FIG. 1, the strips 12 are cut into the side edges of the separator 10 so as to reinforce the lateral edges of the separator. Both strips 12 have a thickness of about 0.10 mm and a width of 3 to 10 mm. They are made of acrylic resin and reinforce the separator 10.
На фиг. 2 схематично е показано изработването на многослоен сепаратор.In FIG. 2 shows schematically the construction of a multilayer separator.
Долният слой 14, съставен главно от влакна със среден диаметър от 0,2 до 13 pm, е поставен върху подложка (непоказана). Тогава поне една от лентите 12 от синтетична смола се нанася чрез разпределително устройство 16 под формата на вискозна течност върху част от първия слой 14, след това вторият слой 18, съставен предимно от влакна със среден диаметър между 0,2 и 13 pm, се нанася върху слоя 14 и върху лентата от смола 12.The bottom layer 14, consisting mainly of fibers with an average diameter of 0.2 to 13 pm, is placed on a pad (not shown). Then at least one of the synthetic resin strips 12 is applied by a viscous liquid dispenser 16 onto a part of the first layer 14, then the second layer 18, consisting mainly of fibers with a mean diameter between 0.2 and 13 pm, is applied on the layer 14 and on the resin band 12.
Влакната се смесват с известно количество вода и след това се поставя пропускащата вода мата. След поставянето на двата слоя и лентата сепараторът се притиска чрез валци (непоказани) така, че да се отдели излишната вода и да се свържат помежду си слоевете и лентата или лентите. Усилването на сепаратора чрез ленти от смола увеличава още повече якостта на опън. Тя се променя от 0,5 до 1,5 kN/m.The fibers are mixed with a certain amount of water and then a water-permeable mat is inserted. After placing the two layers and the tape, the separator is pressed through rollers (not shown) so as to separate excess water and connect the layers and tape or tapes to each other. The reinforcement of the separator through resin strips further increases the tensile strength. It varies from 0.5 to 1.5 kN / m.
Относително удължение също нараства много, като се променя от 1 до около 4%.The relative elongation also increases very much, varying from 1 to about 4%.
Стойностите на якостта на опън се определят по известни методи в техниката за производство на сепаратори и в промишлеността на производство на хартия. Настоящите измервания са проведени, като се използват тестовете, установени съгласно BCI (Международен съвет по акумулатори), референция Т495. Накратко, този тест предвижда поставянето на лента с размери 25 на 150 mm между две отделни приспособления за захващане 102 mm (4 инча). При изпитанието лентата се разтяга със скорост 25 ± 5 mm/min. Якостта на скъсване се измерва в Нютони и се определя също точката на разрушаване, както и относителното удължаване в точката на разрушаване.Tensile strength values are determined by known methods in the separator manufacturing technique and in the paper manufacturing industry. The present measurements were performed using the tests established according to BCI (International Battery Council) reference T495. In short, this test involves placing a 25mm by 150mm tape between two separate 102mm (4in) grips. During the test, the strap shall be stretched at a speed of 25 ± 5 mm / min. The breaking strength is measured in Newtons and the fracture point is also determined, as is the relative elongation at the fracture point.
Образец за изпитване на сепаратор без смола показва якост на разрушаване при 5 N, докато изпитван образец от сепаратор, включващ лента от смола съгласно изобретението, показва якост на разрушаване 37,5 N. Тъй като изпитваният образец има широчина 25 mm, това се равнява на якост на опън 1,5 kN/m.A resin-free separator test specimen shows a fracture strength at 5 N, while a test separator specimen incorporating a resin strip according to the invention shows a fracture strength of 37.5 N. Since the test specimen has a width of 25 mm, this equals tensile strength 1.5 kN / m.
Claims (13)
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LU90149A LU90149B1 (en) | 1997-10-15 | 1997-10-15 | Absorbent separator reinforced with fibers |
PCT/EP1998/006500 WO1999019922A1 (en) | 1997-10-15 | 1998-10-14 | Glass fibre- reinforced absorbing separator |
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BG104312A BG104312A (en) | 2000-12-29 |
BG63792B1 true BG63792B1 (en) | 2002-12-29 |
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US6509118B1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 2003-01-21 | Detchko Pavlov | Valve-regulated lead-acid cells and batteries and separators used in such cells and batteries |
US6828061B2 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2004-12-07 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Electrochemical cell with reinforced separator |
CN1333473C (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-08-22 | 中材科技股份有限公司 | Separator plate felt for plumbous acid battery and preparation method thereof |
DE102008062765A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | Vb Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa | Textile sheet material for a battery electrode |
KR101827528B1 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2018-02-09 | 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 | Battery electrode and method for manufacturing same |
UA57258U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-02-10 | Роман Витальевич Григорян | Device for application of napped coating |
CN105369906A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 徐州贝尔电气有限公司 | Steel structure with moisture absorption anticorrosion function |
RU186905U1 (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-02-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н.Г. Чернышевского" | SEALED LEAD ACID BATTERY |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4262068A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-04-14 | Yuasa Battery Company Limited | Sealed lead-acid battery |
JPS58176866A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1983-10-17 | Nippon Glass Seni Kk | Manufacture of glass mat for storage battery |
JPS63148535A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Separator for enclosed lead storage battery |
DE69214338T2 (en) * | 1991-03-09 | 1997-04-30 | Daramic Inc | Lead / sulfuric acid accumulator |
FR2677672B1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1994-11-04 | Dumas Bernard | NEW SHEET OBTAINED BY WET PROCESS AND ITS APPLICATION. |
-
1997
- 1997-10-15 LU LU90149A patent/LU90149B1/en active
-
1998
- 1998-10-14 CZ CZ20001314A patent/CZ292471B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-14 EP EP98955446A patent/EP1048089B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-14 KR KR10-2000-7003534A patent/KR100512763B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-14 AU AU12282/99A patent/AU1228299A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-14 AT AT98955446T patent/ATE215741T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-14 HU HU0003985A patent/HUP0003985A3/en unknown
- 1998-10-14 RU RU2000112102/09A patent/RU2181223C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-14 CN CNB988102803A patent/CN1147943C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-14 TR TR2000/00873T patent/TR200000873T2/en unknown
- 1998-10-14 PT PT98955446T patent/PT1048089E/en unknown
- 1998-10-14 CA CA002304584A patent/CA2304584A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-14 DE DE69804675T patent/DE69804675T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-14 JP JP2000516385A patent/JP2001520442A/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-10-14 ES ES98955446T patent/ES2174508T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-14 BR BR9813057-9A patent/BR9813057A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-14 WO PCT/EP1998/006500 patent/WO1999019922A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-10-14 PL PL98339856A patent/PL188589B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-04-07 BG BG104312A patent/BG63792B1/en unknown
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BG104312A (en) | 2000-12-29 |
EP1048089B1 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
KR20010030857A (en) | 2001-04-16 |
WO1999019922A1 (en) | 1999-04-22 |
DE69804675D1 (en) | 2002-05-08 |
KR100512763B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
RU2181223C2 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
CN1147943C (en) | 2004-04-28 |
JP2001520442A (en) | 2001-10-30 |
CZ292471B6 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
CZ20001314A3 (en) | 2000-09-13 |
BR9813057A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
PL188589B1 (en) | 2005-02-28 |
AU1228299A (en) | 1999-05-03 |
CA2304584A1 (en) | 1999-04-22 |
TR200000873T2 (en) | 2000-07-21 |
EP1048089A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
HUP0003985A2 (en) | 2001-03-28 |
LU90149B1 (en) | 1999-04-16 |
ES2174508T3 (en) | 2002-11-01 |
HUP0003985A3 (en) | 2001-04-28 |
CN1276920A (en) | 2000-12-13 |
DE69804675T2 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
PL339856A1 (en) | 2001-01-15 |
ATE215741T1 (en) | 2002-04-15 |
PT1048089E (en) | 2002-09-30 |
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