BG63353B1 - Method and device for checking of securities - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and the device are used in electronics for monitoring the authenticity, fitness, appearance and quantity of securities, such as banknotes, for example. By the method capacitative relation is sought between a transmitter and receiver as a result of conducting of protection strips, bands, fibres, sports, etc. which are specially shifted in such a way that in case of connection they initiate phase- and amplitude modulated signal which is recognized and identified. The device contains a high frequency transmitter (12) with a transmission aerial (8), receiver (13) with a receiving aerial (9) connected to an amplifier (14), integrator (15), flip-flop (18), waiting multivibrator (17) and light curtains (20). A slot (7) is machined to the supporting part of the device for the light curtain (20). 21 claims, 10 figures

Description

Field of application

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for verifying securities within the meaning of the collective term of claim 1. Various technologies, devices, methods and control systems are known for establishing the authenticity of securities, for controlling their suitability, for arranging them in processing machines and determining their type and quantity. A device (1) for capacitive sensing of trademarked media is described, wherein the sensing capacitors are sensing electrodes located on either side of the image carrying strip. This device does not guarantee the security of sensing with respect to embedded, stamped or coated electrical conductive strips, tapes or other elements.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A measuring system (2) is known for automatically detecting a characteristic mark on a banknote, and the measuring system is mounted in a device for verifying the authenticity of banknotes by the capacitive connection of electrodes arranged in a grid. With the modern development of the technique, this already known measurement system does not allow accurate identification of the relevant characteristic mark, even at a very slow pace of verification, it is only able to detect the presence of such a mark so that it cannot meet the requirements of the falsifications known today. using electrically conductive components such as banknotes.

It is known to measure the magnetic properties of the control strip applied to the banknote (3).

Also known is the verification of the reliability of ferromagnetic security filaments in securities by magnetic field irradiation (4). These control methods are too slow and require precise positioning of the controlled object, respectively on the protective strip.

A technologically sophisticated control device is known, in which, especially in the second technological step, the authentication of banknotes is made by measuring the differences in thickness and fluorescence properties / 5 /. Controlling only these properties no longer corresponds to the level of counterfeits in circulation. So with this device, they can no longer be identified as non-genuine counterfeit watermarked banknotes and fluorescent paper or ink.

The reading heads described in (6, 7) in the processing machines, which form an electrical capacitor with the markings affixed to the securities, so that when a ferroelectric is introduced between the capacitive electrodes of the reader, they cause a marked change in the value of the capacity, they are not suitable for high-speed machine tools, as well as for checking euro banknotes in circulation.

The establishment of an electrically conductive shielding thread by matching the oscillators and oscillating resonant circuits offered in / 8 / is not applicable due to insufficient decryption security, as well as expensive technology and sophisticated construction.

A measurement system / 9 / of optical and capacitive sensors is known, which requires a very accurate positioning of the test strip. In order to increase the security against errors and to differentiate between different objects to be checked (eg different currencies), it is suggested to use an additional magnetic sensor, which makes the measurement system even more complex and expensive. The capacitive sensor can only detect, after pre-sorting the banknotes, the presence of any electrically conductive protective thread.

Also known is a control system according to DE 4103832, wherein capacitive and / or electro-optical and / or millimeter wave sensors and / or sensors are located along a control section. This document deals with the testing of the dielectric properties of banknotes, etc.

A method and system for verifying the identity of banknotes (10) are known in which to check the change in field strength during high frequency field shunting due to some metallic protective strip. Due to the low sensitivity and insufficient suppression of disturbing energies, the application of this method in counting machines is only possible at low speeds. Some surface conducting and wet inspection objects are recognized as identical. And the breaks in the metal strip of the original banknotes cannot be recognized, so unnecessary stoppage of the machine can occur. Due to the poor sensitivity of this system, the distance between the electrodes and the metal band of the banknote is required to be very small, which hinders its use in high-speed banknote processing machines. The placement of more such sensors is only possible at a relatively large distance between them, to prevent the sensors from interfering with each other.

[11] a device for recognizing a metal conductive shielding thread is described. And with it, surface conducting and wet objects subject to control are identified as regular, since it is a measurement of the electrical charge of the sensor electrodes. There is no provision for defining differently sized protective threads.

A method (12) for determining a magnetic printing element by electromagnetic induction is known. As current copiers can handle magnetically conductive ink, the current quality of counterfeits makes this verification method less reliable.

The disadvantage of these known control methods and systems is, first of all, their technical complexity and their lack of security, so that counterfeit banknotes cannot be detected when the banknotes are swiftly transferred to the processing machine. A disadvantage of the known measurement systems for checking the capacitive properties is that a sufficiently small capacitive impedance can be achieved only at the low frequency ranges from 10 to 220 kHz and there only at very short distances between the electrodes and the metal thread. In this frequency range, the effect of the change in the dielectric value is not very large, which means that some material with a high dielectric ratio can lead to a 5 increase in capacity and hence a decrease in the capacitance resistance of the antennas. For example, a wet counterfeit will be decrypted as a regular banknote. And these systems have not been implemented in practice10, especially in mechanized authentication.

A method (13) is known in which a classification code obtained by means of an excitation coil and a sensor coil is obtained to control the authenticity of the objects being verified by means of an identifying signal 15 obtained by sensing a portion of high-throughput magnetic elements. to confirm 20 the identity of the matching signal and the classification code in question. This control method has a limited scope of application for plastic cards equipped with magnetic and magnetizing particles, for 25 paper documents and for a small number of non-European banknotes. Other control methods, such as those described in (12, 14, 15), in which certain geometric and / or physical properties of the objects being tested are classified by comparison, may only be used for a particular type of controlled object. They are labor-intensive and cannot be put into practice as a stand-alone method of controlling identity in a single 35-step processing due to the high speed required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a method to ensure recognition of a particular characterizing verifiable mark to be applied to many types of banknotes and currencies, as well as to wet or 45 intentionally soaked and / or contaminated objects of control, to can differentiate them from one another, require little technological cost. Its application must be suitable for the complete assembly of machine tools 50 and be responsive to the rapid movement of controlled objects in machine tools. An electrically conductive security thread or ribbon or any non-embossed security mark on banknotes and securities is used as the characteristic control mark.

It is an object of the invention to provide a construction of a control device for carrying out the method, by connecting this device to the input of the machine, so that the authentication is done before sorting by currencies and types. 10

The technical specification of the invention for carrying out the proposed method also includes the construction of a security document verification device comprising, as a security element, an electrically conductive strip 15 in the form of a strip or a thread for the verification of both continuous electrically conductive strips and strips, containing several electrically conductive but isolated sections.

An example of such a security document is the US banknotes, which have electrically conducting but insulated signs on their security thread. In practice, it is necessary for securities processing machines to be able to mount without difficulty control systems capable of decrypting not only high quality counterfeits but also some non-counterfeit, unsatisfactory documents of poor quality. Such damaged documents are common and cause the machine to stop due to a defect, resulting in interruptions and delays in processing machines.

The security control method of the invention, using the known capacitive coupling, provides for the electrical signals from the transmitting antennas to be transmitted and amplified by electrically conducting trademarks to the receiving antennas, which are then analyzed according to amplitude and time curves and to are compared to any given signal sequences, and they themselves are converted into signal sequences with comparable parameters. To implement the method with its individual technological steps, which are described below, a device using the capacitive link for checking banknotes, documents, securities, etc., with a security strip or thread or with an embossed trademark is offered. This security device may find application, for example, in a banknote processing machine, preferably in a banknote counter. A control sensor assembly in the area of optical and / or magnetic and / or format sensors is mounted to the housing structure group. In the machine, banknotes and / or securities pass along the control unit. The control sensor assembly consists of several antennas and / or electrodes. The antennas and / or electrodes extend transversely to the direction of transportation of the objects to be inspected along such a surface that, even if a lateral displacement of the controlled objects is defined, and regardless of whether the object passes through the control device upwards with its front or back on the other hand, in any case the protective strip or thread should be within the range of antennas and / or electrodes. The antennas and / or electrodes of the control device are compatible with known sliding devices, clamping rollers and / or conveyor belts that orient the antennas correctly or clamp down on the electrodes of the documents being checked during their rapid passage. Due to the invention according to the invention, the location of the control unit in the area of optical and / or magnetic and / or format sensors, usually acting for recognition of geometry, position, color, etc., is simultaneously achieved and activation of the control sensor assembly.

One or more antennas and / or electrodes are fed with high-frequency and / or low-frequency energy and / or constant voltage, and one or more antennas and / or electrodes absorb some of the radiated energy from the respective protective band or filament. The voltage supplied there changes in one or more receiving antennas and / or receiving electrodes.

In order to be able to make comparable findings, such as the authenticity or suitability of the documents or the currency of the banknotes, it is necessary to create constant conditions of passage, such as speed, for the objects being compared. . The antennas and / or electrodes supply a certain amount of voltage to the analyzing electronics. The analyzing electronics supply a corresponding voltage, depending on the form of the received voltage signal, which is easily comparable. Special filters and / or phase comparators can be used to suppress the disturbing and extrinsic energies, and to eliminate the effect of the intrinsic conductivity of the objects being tested on the measured result.

The output impulse from the analyzing electronics is independent of the switching speed. In order to provide the control device with specific selectivity, a selective amplifier is coupled to the analyzing electronics. The selective amplifier converts the input voltage from the control sensor unit into some easily comparable voltage, which depends on the variation of the input voltage amplitudes. For the category (electrically conducting protective band or protective band, or any other electrically conducting signs) the purpose of the analyzer electronics is to determine additional amplitude limits whose curve is so close to the amplitude deviation of any control signal that by the difference between the defined predetermined amplitude limit and the possible maximum amplitude deviation of all objects to be controlled can be determined by identity. Thus, emerging counterfeits that give off a signal that would normally be perceived as analyzer are defined by the analyzer electronics as a forgery.

Definition by currency using analytics electronics, for example, for banknotes of different countries with similar security bands - is achieved, and for a particular currency, the time limit of the control signal amplitude can be determined, for example by means of a controller, which margin differs of the duration of the amplitude sequence of all other currencies.

For currencies with the same duration of the control signal amplitude, additional verification is performed, for example, by detecting and / or distinguishing the spot (drawing) and / or by a magnetic control method or a format control method. For example, the recognition signals received from light curtains are combined with the signal from the control sensor unit and are generated in a machine-specific output pulse.

One variant of the method is that one or more pairs of transmitting antennas are triggered for the verification of security documents. As a result of the capacitive connection between one of the transmitting antennas, some electrically conducting marking on the protection strip and the receiving antenna opposite to that transmitting antenna, a signal is received to determine the identity of the document at one of the inputs of the respective amplifier. From the second transmit antenna, triggered by phase shift relative to the first, no capacitive signal connection to the receiving antenna is obtained, since there is no electrically conducting protective band in the range. Thanks to this arrangement, it is also possible to check the entire (continuous) electrically conducting strip. With a corresponding offset with respect to these antenna pairs, there are other pairs of transmitting and receiving antennas which are in size and distance consistent with the electrically conducting elements on the protection strip. By moving the controlled object at a certain distance from the control sensor node, the characterizing signals for amplitude and time are transmitted and the signals analyzed with them from the receiving antennas to the analyzing electronics. In this way, a check is performed that is able to detect and analyze more than a number of electrical conductive elements isolated from each other. It does not matter whether the insulation between the electrically conductive elements is intentionally made, for example, as in US banknotes, or the isolation is obtained, for example, by interruptions in some initially continuous electrically conductive protective strip, such as in German banknotes. A microcontroller can compare the number of these interrupts with preset values. By placing several pairs of transmitting and receiving antennas and corresponding units of analysis electronics, a reliable identification of the document can be ensured because, despite possible side shifts, when the object to be inspected is introduced into the control device, the latter operates reliably. If, according to the present invention, the transmitting or receiving antennas are arranged along the entire working width of the machine, it is possible that the identity of the protected documents 10 can be verified regardless of the position of the document in the device. Therefore, it does not matter whether a document will be inserted on its front or on its back and / or with a protective strip on the left or 15 and on the right side and / or transverse to the transport direction. In this way, documents that differ in both the format and location 20 of the security strip relative to the transport device can be checked. In addition, through different types of security strips, it is possible not only to classify identities, but also to arrange 25 different documents in a specialized way, for example in different currencies.

According to the control sensor assembly of the present invention, an additional control sensor assembly may be mounted in the banknote transport unit 30 before and / or after the control unit. In this case, the output signal from it is coupled to the output signal from the original 35 sensing unit (double check) according to the invention without the need to change the software for the respective machine tool, for example when further equipped with a control device for the method according to the invention. 40

Explanations of the annexed figures

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings in the accompanying 45 figures.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the analysis system;

Figure 2 shows the registration curves for passing a banknote at different speeds; 50 Figure 3 - currency-specific recording curves;

Figure 4 - registration curves of several banknotes and counterfeit;

Figure 5 is a block diagram of the double-check analysis system;

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a schematically presented control device;

Figure 7 is a control sensor unit;

8 is a block diagram of a control device;

FIG. 9 is an arrangement of the control sensor assembly in a processing machine; FIG.

10 shows another arrangement of the control sensor assembly in the processing machine.

Examples of carrying out the invention and its application

The method is explained in more detail using various devices and systems. It is based mainly on the implementation of the following technological steps: Capacitive connection of the electrical signals from the transmitting antennas through the electrically conducting protection materials to the receiving antennas, amplification and conversion of the received different amplitude and time signals into easily amenable to comparing signals and comparing them with existing signal rows in order to indicate and analyze the authenticity of the documents under review. The machine equipped with the control unit transfers the banknotes or securities to the control unit area. Light curtains activate the sensor control assembly accordingly.

The transmit antenna is powered by high frequency energy. In the case considered in this case, the voltage is 6 MHz. After the protection strip or thread passes through the control field, the receiving antenna re-absorbs some of the radiated energy. The high frequency voltage of the receiving antenna changes. The reason for this is the capacitive coupling between the transmitter and the receiving antenna, which results from the electrical conductivity of the protective strips or the security threads on the document. High-frequency conductivity is different for different currencies. In order to be able to draw conclusions regarding currency specifics with the help of the analysis scheme, constant switching conditions are required for all objects checked in a single operation.

Through a shielded cable in a common functional unit with the control system and its control sensor node is connected circuit for electronics consisting mainly of an analog-to-digital converter and controller or integrator 15, trigger 16, controller monovibrator 17, and - optionally - and one logic link “I” 18. Such an analysis electronics circuit is shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1.

The corresponding positions in the diagram have the following meanings: 12 - high frequency transmitter; 13 is a high frequency receiver receiving energy emitted from the receiving antenna 9 amplified in the selective amplifier 14 as a useful signal specific to a currency and / or identity; 15 - integrator; 16 is a flip-flop that, in addition to the available signals and the analyzer-triggered signals, signals coming from the light curtains 20 and in the form of time-coordinated pulses through the monovibrator 17, outputs them as an output signal to the objects decrypted as regular objects. As can be seen from curves a and b in FIG. 4, when passing banknotes from counterfeits 26, no output signals are received that are comparable to those from counterfeit (authentic) banknotes.

The selected shielding of the control sensor unit and of the analyzing electronics for the electric and electromagnetic fields, as well as the location of the control sensor unit in the area of the light curtains, ensure a high ratio between the useful and the interfering signal and enable, together with the forced guidance through conveyor belts defined rate of banknote switching, to make currency-specific selectivity of the control device. Another advantage of the method of the present invention is that the moisture content and / or the degree of contamination of the objects to be controlled and / or banknotes and / or securities are no longer a source of serious disturbance.

In FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a schematically shown control device according to the invention, which device may find application in a banknote processing machine, preferably in a banknote counting machine. To the housing structure group 1 there is a support device 2, in which a horizontal sensor assembly 3 is placed in the horizontal arm 3 located in the area of the light curtains 4,5 on the electrically non-conductive support material 6 of the arm 3. The support material 6 has notches and / or slots 7 for the passage of light from light curtains 4,5. These notches and / or slots 7 may fall off provided that transparent glass-supporting material 6 is used.

The sensor control unit consists of several band sensors 8, 9, in particular two band sensor 8 as a transmitting antenna and a tape sensor 9 as a receiving antenna. The strip sensors 8, 9 are arranged transversely to the direction of transportation of the banknotes 11 over the entire length, so that even with a certain lateral displacement of the banknotes 11, and regardless of whether the banknote 1 passes through the control unit, facing up or down. on the other hand, in any case, the protective tape or thread will sufficiently affect the belt sensors 8, 9 and be removed below them by the control device. Below arm 3 and parallel to it, the conveyor belts 10 extend at such a distance from the belt sensors 8 and 9 that during their fast passage the banknotes are pressed against the belt sensors 8 and 9.

Between the conveyor belts 11, the light curtains 4, 5 are arranged vertically relative to the direction of passage of the banknotes.

The analyzer electronics is also located in a suitably shielded area of the machine, and in the exemplary embodiment in question, it is in the area of the housing in which the paper thickness adjusting device is located.

Defining the screening of the control sensor unit and the analyzing electronics against electric and electromagnetic fields, as well as the placement of the control sensor unit in the area of the light curtains 4, 5 guarantee a high ratio between the useful and the interfering signal and together with the forced guidance with the conveyor belts 10 in combination with the set banknote transfer rate, the currency-specific selectivity of the control device is allowed. 5 Another advantage of the control unit is that the moisture content and / or the degree of contamination of the banknotes are no longer such a significant source of interference. In the banknote conveying device 10, another control sensor unit may be provided (not shown in this example) before and / or after the invention provided for by the invention, such as for magnetic control, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. . 5. The output of this sensor assembly is coupled to the output of the control sensor assembly according to the invention (double check), without the need to change the software for the respective machine tool, for example when it is completed with the control device according to the invention.

The analyzer connected to the control sensor assembly and the light curtains delivers as shown in FIG. 2 and 3, a certain constant voltage depending on the amplitude curve of the resulting high frequency voltage. In the figures shown, this is evident from the output signals 30 represented in the corresponding curves a.

In FIG. In Fig. 2 shows the registered curves when passing a banknote with different speeds. Curve a indicates the received signal and curve b shows the output signal of the 35 analyzing electronics. In this case, ν corresponds to the passage of 500 notes per minute, and ν ₂ corresponds to the passage of 1800 notes per minute. Curve b also shows how the recognition curtain 40 received from the light curtains connects to the signal from the control sensor unit and is generated in a machine-specific output pulse. This output impulse does not depend on the switching speed, which can be seen by comparing curves b in FIG. 2.

In FIG. 3 shows the currency-specific registered curves for the passage of banknotes of different currencies. Here again, curve a shows the transmitted signal from the 50 control sensor unit, while curve b represents the analyzer signal from some selective amplifier, which is further connected to the analyzer electronics, to give the control device currency-specific selectivity without additional sensors.

In FIG. 3, the DE, CH, EG, CN markings after the 1990 series are used to indicate the currencies of the countries concerned.

The modified amplitude curve of the received high frequency energy absorption curve can be easily identified on banknotes of different currencies so that it can be captured by the analyzing electronics. When a currency-specific signal is required, one further processing signal of the currency-specific ranking, for example by means of a controller, is possible.

Just as it is possible to recognize different currencies on the basis of different security stripes or threads, counterfeits can also be recognized - insofar as they have imitated protective bands or security- _{/ (} bands or only parts of them. In Fig. 4 _f shows the registered curves of eleven banknotes in the same banknote counting machine. The banknotes numbered 21 to 25 and 27 to 31 are recognized as identical, and the object of control No. 26 is a counterfeit placed on purpose for the purpose of the experiment. on the protective In practice, in the absence of a signal or a non-banknote signal, the processing machine stops, counterfeits or banknotes it is removed by hand or automatically removed from the machine.

When the control device is further connected to a second control sensor unit, this machine-specific output impulse indicates the recognition of the respective protection strip or security thread and is connected to a logic circuit "I" with the output signal from said additional check of the processing machine. When one of the two identity signals is missing, the machine stops and the operator can pull out the damaged, or counterfeit banknote.

Another possibility of application in the corresponding definition of the analyzer electronics is provided by the analyzer signals of the selective amplifier shown in FIG. 3.

For example, if in some larger processing machines also used for sorting different currencies, the marking in FIG. 3 amplitude limit A for all currencies checked, then at speed v ₂ those of them which have triggered the control sensor node have non-counterfeit security bands or threads. For each currency, a specific time t _k is assigned. To differentiate between currencies, the times t _k = t _r ..t ₄ to t _n should be defined specifically for the given currency t _f . For example, t _f for the German currency should be chosen greater than t ₂ on the Swiss franc, respectively t _f on the Swiss franc should be chosen greater than t ₃ on the Egyptian currency. Since t _f of the German currency should be chosen as large as possible with t _f of the currencies not shown in FIG. 3, additional currency-specific verification is also required with the known ink and / or format recognition method and / or magnetic verification method within the processing machine. Banknotes sorted in this way are arranged in familiar ways in compartments or special shelves.

Especially for the inspection of non-electrically conducting protective strips along their entire length, the machining machines are provided with the control sensor assembly 54 shown in FIG. 7, consisting of several transmitting and receiving antennas arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the transport device. The banknotes to be checked shall be passed through a processing machine, such as a banknote machine, by placing them on a transport device such that the banknote or security thread in its longest portion is approximately parallel to the direction of the banknote. transportation, ie for example, a German banknote will be positioned with its longest side approximately transverse to the transport direction. The transmitting antennas A2, A3 and the receiving antenna A1 are arranged opposite each other. Displaced with respect to these are arranged in pairs several transmitting antennas B2.i (i = l ... n) and several receiving antennas Bl.i. These pairs are displaced relative to each other so as to suppress the signal binding from a transmitter antenna Bl.i to an adjacent, however, non-transceiver transceiver antenna Bl.k (k = l..n, i k). The adjacent transmitting antennas (B2.i, B2.i + 1) and their corresponding receiving antennas (Bl.i, Bl.i + 1) are spaced at a certain distance, preferably the distance between the transmitting antenna (B2.i) and its corresponding receiving antenna (Bl.i). To reduce interference, diagonally spaced pairs of antennas are preferably positioned between the transmitting antennas A2, A3 and the receiving antenna A1.

In FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control device of the invention according to the invention with a control circuit of the control sensor assembly according to FIG. 7. When a document is inserted into a machine tool complete with the control device of the invention, the control device is actuated by light curtains or other similar position sensors. The frequency oscillator 41 activates the transmit antenna A2 and through the phase shifting device 42 the transmit antenna A3. Due to the phase shift, the interference from external energies is prevented from occurring, and counterfeit documents can be recognized which do not differ in electrical conductivity. This also applies to banknotes whose properties have changed as a result of aging and / or any mechanical damage and / or humidity. At the same time, a certain amount of n transmitting antennas B2.i (i = 1 ... η) is actuated through a second frequency generator 43 and a second phase shifting device 44. The transverse arranged on a transport device not arranged in a number of transmitting antennas B2.i are activated. with phase shift to prevent interference from external energies and the eventual capacitive coupling of a transmitter antenna B2.i to any non-transceiver antenna Bl.k (k = 1 ... P, i k). The signal frequencies of the two generators shall be chosen such that one frequency is not a multiple of the other, respectively, a multiple of the difference between the two frequencies, in order to prevent confusion of the signals in the receiving antennas.

The test results in a capacitive connection of the signal of the transmitting antenna A2 to the receiving antenna A1 through the protective strip, electrically conducting along its entire length, until the signal from the transmitting antenna A3 connects capacitively to the receiving antenna A1. The shortest distance between the transmitting antenna A2 and the receiving antenna A1 is less than the maximum length of the electrically conducting protective strip in the smallest document to be verified. Provided that the protection strip does not at any time during the test fall within the coverage of the A2 transmitter antenna and the receive antenna A1, it will inevitably fall within the range of the transmit antenna A3 and the receive antenna A1, so that further functions will be able to be performed similarly in the order above. In this case, the receiving antenna A1 receives a signal which, by means of rectifiers 45 and selective amplifiers 46, sends a signal to the microcontroller 47, which triggers the classification for identity by comparing the signal from the selective amplifier 46 to any stored signal in the microcontroller 47, for example, any special signal value. When the threshold is exceeded, the microcontroller 47 classifies the object being inspected as being a continuous electrically conductive security thread, i.e. for German banknotes - as non-counterfeit. Where electrically conductive elements are located in the protection strip which, because of their length, cannot be gripped by a transmitting antenna A2 and a receiving antenna A1, this can be accomplished by the arrangement of the transmitting antennas Β2.Ϊ and their corresponding receiving antennas by the invention. Bl.i, since the distances between them are many times smaller than the distance between the transmitting antenna A2 and the receiving antenna A1. If the length of an electrically conductive element is 1.5 mm when positioning the document parallel to the transport direction, then the distance between the transmitting antennas B2.i and the receiving antenna Bl.i is determined to be 1.3 mm, so that secure capacitive connection. During the inspection, the respective security document moves at a certain speed within the range of the control sensor assembly of the control device of the present invention. Thanks to the shifting arrangement of the transmitting antennas B2.i and the receiving antennas Bl.i, the tolerances are aligned when the banknote is shifted perpendicular to the direction of transport of the document. The signals emerging in the receiving antennas Bl.i are transmitted through the rectifiers 48..50 and the selective amplifiers 51..53 of the microcontroller 47. Depending on the type and position of the protective strip in the document, the signals arriving on the microcontroller 47 signals from the selective amplifiers 46, 51 ..53 differ in frequency and in amplitude. As a result, the document is classified by the microcontroller 47 by comparing the frequency and / or comparing the threshold value with any set and stored values in the microcontroller 47. These values are determined by manually entering, programming and / or comparing the values, as parameterized by an already classified comparison document. The microcontroller 47 generates a machine-specific signal, respectively, which indicates the integrity of the banknote being checked. This classification signal of the microcontroller 47 is indicated on the respective indicator elements and / or connected for further processing to the respective interface of the machine tool. Just as different currencies can be distinguished by different security strips or protective threads, it is possible here for counterfeits to be recognized insofar as they resemble some protective strip or protective thread, or only parts of it. The compact design of the control device as a whole, as well as the additional shielding measures, provide additional opportunities for reducing the interfering effects, which in practice have an increasing negative impact. Installation in a processing machine shall be such that the control sensor assembly does not interfere with a conventional banknote transportation system.

In FIG. 9 shows an exemplary incorporation of a control device according to the invention into a conventional machine tool. The control sensor assembly 54, composed of the transmitting antennas A2, A3, B2.i and the receiving antennas Al, Bl.i, is integrated into the existing guide device 56. The control sensor assembly 54 is arranged tangentially to the guide device 56, respectively tangentially and slightly offset relative to the transport roll 55 so that it assumes an additional guiding function in the area of the control sensor assembly 54. The banknote to be checked reaches without further clamping means within the range of the sensors. The control sensor assembly 54 is tangentially located to the existing guide device 56 such that the security document to be driven by the transport rolls 55 passes the control sensor assembly 54 at a certain distance and at a certain speed. Thanks to the respective fasteners to the guide 56, and in particular through the swinging axis, the set distance between the transport roll 55 and the guide 56, respectively the control sensor assembly 54, can be adjusted. The parameterization of the threshold value and of the classification parameters is performs with a circuit breaker not shown in the figure, respectively, using the software of the microcontroller 47. Thanks to this, the operator is able to change the classification parameters only with one switch. be able to check other currencies. If a signal does not appear, or when a banknote-specific signal is received, the processing machine stops and the counterfeit or the banknote is removed from the machine.

Due to the lateral positioning of the antennas along the entire width of the document, the influence of such factors as the quality of paper, aging, humidity, etc. is reduced, including the ability to classify, for example, counterfeits, regular banknotes and high-wear banknotes. This classification is made by appropriately estimating the amplitude and timing characteristics of the signals supplied by the selective amplifiers 46.51 ..- 53 and the corresponding parameterization of the threshold values in the analyzing microcontroller 47. The parameterization of the microcontroller 47 is performed manually, by the software or by checking of special reference documents for which identity classification is known. With this latter method, a reference document is checked in the control device of the invention in the above embodiment. Instead of comparing the output signals of the selective amplifiers 46, 51 ... 53 with the values stored in the microcontroller 47, the signals are stored in the microcontroller 47 as reference values.

Alternatively, it is possible to mount the control sensor assembly 54, for example, at the end of an arc-shaped guide device 56, as shown in FIG. 10. The need for clamping devices for keeping the objects to be controlled at a certain distance and / or by contacting the control device is eliminated here as well. This possibility can be used if the tangentially displaced mounting of the control sensor assembly 54 described above cannot be realized in the arcuate sector of the guide unit 56. Because clamping means such as springs, rollers, etc., are dropped according to the invention, and the object to be inspected itself has less load on the control device.

The method according to the invention is explained by means of specific variants of the control sensor unit and the analyzer electronics in a banknote counter. The invention is not limited to the details of the description to the exemplary embodiments, since within the scope of the claims both variations and variants may be included. Various embodiments of analyzer electronics are possible, oriented toward the specific mode of action of the selective amplifier.

Claims (21)

1. A method of checking securities using the capacitive coupling between transmitter and receiver and transferring energy between the transmitter and receiver by bridging the electromagnetic field as a result of electrically conducting protective strips, tapes, filaments or stain-protected materials, and mounted analytical electronics, characterized in that in the area of conventional optical sensors embedded in the processing machines that correspond spatially to a capacitive control sensor unit in the processing State machine and activate the control sensor unit, antennas located in one or more planes, acting as transmitting or receiving sensors, create control fields and transmit through the object being tested, depending on its geometry and / or its conductivity, the electromagnetic energy connecting the antennas, wherein at least a few antennas are activated at different phase positions and transmit the transmitted energy to a selective amplifier (14) thereafter, such as to avoid disturbing energies and to suppress them. and the basic conductivity of the objects being checked, such as banknotes, a phase comparison device mounted after the selective amplifier (14), as well as special filters for suppressing interfering and external energies and an analysis unit, are arranged so that electrical classification can be carried out conducting protective strips, strips, filaments or stain-protective materials, during which the controlled object is transported through the control field with undefined lateral orientation and forced guidance. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the analysis electronics, consisting mainly of an analog-to-digital converter and controller or integrator (15), a trigger (16), a mono-vibrator controller (17) and / or an "I" logic function (18), determines from the signal characteristic of the output of the selective amplifier (14) the maximum excess of the amplitude (A) and / or the currency specific time (t _k ). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that authentication classification is performed by means of analyzing electronics by determining the amplitude limit (A) for the authenticity of the currency to be verified. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the analysis of various banknotes and / or securities is carried out by means of analyzing electronics, preferably determined using a currency-specific time controller (ζ) and verified objects are sorted by time 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the currencies of the same time (ζ) are subject to additional verification according to the authentication control. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the analyzing electronics, preferably by means of one or more controllers, delivers by comparing the time and / or comparing the voltage specific to the machine a signal for sorting the individual classified objects into special compartments or shelves. . * A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the antennas and / or * electrodes have a cross-section in the direction of ** ⁴ transport of the objects being inspected, such as a stain along their entire length, even when defined laterally displacement of the test objects and regardless ¹ dependent on whether a test object passes through the control device facing upwards with its front or rear side, in any case, the security strip or thread sweep over the antennae and / or electrical child. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that additional control is carried out and the result thereof is coupled to the signal from the analyzer electronics with logic unit "I". 9. Securities control device with capacitive coupling elements, energy transfer between transmitter and receiver by bridging an electromagnetic field due to electrically conducting protective strips, tapes, filaments or spot-shaped protective materials and analyzing electronics for application of the method according to claim 1, characterized in that control fields of several are formed to known optical sensors present in a machine tool for activating a capacitive control sensor unit sensors located at one or more levels, functioning as transmitting or receiving antennas, with a selective amplifier (14) mounted thereon, a phase comparison device, special filters for suppressing interfering and external energies, and analyzing electronics, consisting mainly of an analog-to-digital converter and controller or integrator (15), a trigger (16), a mono-vibrator controller (17) and an optional logical connection "I" (18), and that the object being inspected is located during the control process definitely passed along the sensors in an undefined laterally oriented position, defined tangentially and at a defined speed by means of clamping elements and / or conveyor belts (10) and rollers placed there. A device according to claim 9, characterized in that the transmitter or receiver antenna sensors are configured as band sensors (8, 9) in one plane or in two planes arranged opposite each other and / or in the form of a mirror image . Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the strip sensors (8, 9) have cutouts and / or slots and / or windows (7) or are located adjacent to the strip sensors (8, 9) ). Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the sensors in the control units are covered in a mirror image with the control zones and / or protective strips, threads and / or strips of the objects to be checked, preferably banknotes , securities and packaging. 13. Security device for controlling security documents with capacitive coupling elements, transmission of energy between transmitter and receiver by bridging an electromagnetic field due to electrically conductive protective strips, tapes, filaments or spot-shaped security materials and appropriate analyzing electronics for application of the method according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that several transmitting antennas (A2, A3, B2.1 ... B2.P) and several receiving antennas (A1, B1.1 ... B1.n) forming the control sensor assembly (54) are arranged such that m may be checked for continuous electrically conductive strips as well as strips containing multiple electrically conductive but isolated portions in the protection strip, wherein the control sensor assembly (54) is disposed tangentially parallel to an arc-shaped guiding device (56) ) or tangentially displaced parallel to the transport roll (55), and that two phase-opposite, low- or high-frequency transmitting antennas (A2, A3) are arranged perpendicular to the longest running a given protective strip or perpendicular to the direction of travel of the document under examination, and that one or more receiving antennas (A1) are arranged parallel to and opposite to the transmitting antennas (A2, A3), with several transmitting antennas (B2) arranged between them. 1 ... B2.P) parallel to the transmitting antennas (A2, A3) and several receiving antennas (B1.1 ... B1.P) parallel to the transmitting antennas (B2.1 ... B2.P), such as the adjacent transmit antennas (B2.i, Bl.i + 1) and the corresponding receive antennas (Bl.i, Bl.i + 1) are positioned offset but the distance, preferably the distance between one transmit antenna (Β2.Ϊ) and the corresponding receive antenna (Bl.i) and the shortest distance of one transmit antenna (B2.i) to the corresponding receive antenna (Bl.i) is - less than the shortest distance between one of the transmitting antennas (A2, A3) and the receiving antenna (A1). A device according to claim 13, characterized in that several transmitting antennas (A2, A3, B2.1 ... B2.P) and several receiving antennas (A1, B1.1 ... B1.p) are arranged the entire width of the inlet of the machine. A device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the transmitting antennas (A2, A3, B2.1 ... B2p) and receiving antennas (A1, B1.1 ... B1.p) are arranged so that they are side by side, parallel to each other, or spaced apart in a plane, so that they are neutral with respect to the situation, independent of the party and independent of the edge with respect to two parallel edges of document authentication. A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the antennas (B1.1 ... B1.t) and transmit antennas (B2.1) are displaced in parallel and / or in a row transverse to the direction of transportation. .B2.P) are spaced such that each of the protected markings, irrespective of their location on the document, intersects at least one receiving antenna (B1.1 ... B1.Š) and one corresponding transmitting antenna ( B2.1 ... B22.n). A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the longest side of a transmitting antenna (B2.1) and the longest side of its corresponding receiving antenna (Bl.i) corresponds to the width of the main mark of the protective strip . A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the manually operated or software-controlled switching and control elements, and especially the microcontroller (47), are located after the rectifiers (45, 48 ... 50) and the selective amplifiers (46, 51) ... 53) so that the outputs from the selective amplifiers (46,51 ... 53) can be combined or logically coupled. A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the switching and control elements operated or controlled by the software, and in particular the microcontrollers (47) are located after the rectifiers (45, 48 ... 50) and the selective amplifiers (46, 51 ... 53) such that the switching between different document types, document types and wear rates takes place at the same sensor location. A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the shortest distance between two is in a row 5 transmitting antennas (B2.i) is greater than the shortest distance between two electrically conducting, insulated, markings on the protection strip and that the switching elements are arranged such that the antenna (A3) is used either as a transmitting or receiving antenna , depending on the entry of the document being checked. A device according to claim 13, characterized in that it is controlled 15 of the software and / or hand-switching elements are arranged such that one or more transmit antennas (Β2.Ϊ) and correspondent receive antennas (Bl.i) can be activated or deactivated optionally.