BG61850B2 - Railway road - Google Patents

Abstract

The railway road can be used in railway transport. It hasgreater resistance against deformation after several runs ofscreening the crushed stone in the ballast prism in repair worksand increased protection of the earth surface from moistureabsorption. The railway road track consists of earth bed (1)having a sand cushion (2), ballast prism (3) of crushed stonefitted above it, as well as rails (4) and sleepers (5) fitted ontop. On both sides of the rail track there are lined trenches (6).The profile of all elements fitted one on top of the others isinclined in a direction for better water drainage. The sandcushion (2) is U-shaped and lies under the lined trenches (6), andin the lower part of each of its vertical arms (7) there is adraining tube (8) parallel to the track. Between the earth bed (1)and cushion (2) an impermeable or semi-impermeable strip (9) isfitted. A base of gravel (10) is rolled on top of cushion (2)having an upper smooth asphalt-concrete layer (11) on which theballast prism (3) is placed.2 claims, 2 figure

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a railway that is used in rail transport.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There is a railroad, consisting of a lane with a sand cushion on it, with a ballast prism made of crushed stone. Typically, rails and sleepers are located on it. There are lined ditches on both sides of the railway. The profile of all road elements is tilted in the appropriate direction for surface water discharges [1].

A disadvantage of the known railway is that it has a low degree of resistance to deformation after repeatedly sieving the crushed stone in the ballast prism during repair. This is due to the thinning of the sand cushion, from which the sieving machine removes the top layer each time and discards it during sifting. The thinning of the sand cushion below the allowable creates the possibility for a part of the crushed stone from the ballast prism to penetrate into the ground under the influence of the vertical loading of the road from the rolling stock, thus forming plastic deformations on the way of ballast "troughs", "nests". , "Hear" and other pathway-level and level-leading disorders that are difficult to resolve. This disadvantage is exacerbated when, in heavy rainfall and intense snowmelt, the overflow of the ditches with water causes moisture to seep into the soil. Then its main site is wetted and the possibility of parts of the broken stone of the ballast prism to penetrate the earth's surface becomes stronger. The same process occurs under the action of groundwater, which, for one reason or another, has fallen below the railway track.

There is also a known railway where a lower ballast layer is placed on the surface of the earth, a fine-grained gravel above it, and a ballast layer above, on which traverses and corresponding rails are mounted.

These layers are located in a concrete groove formed by the adjacent walls of the ditches [2].

The disadvantages of the known railroad are that it is exposed to moisture due to the use of additionally injected fast-dissolving material, which impedes the drainage of water that has fallen on it, and lacks protection against groundwater penetration.

It is an object of the invention to provide a track with increased resistance to deformation after several sieving of the crushed stone in the ballast prism during repair of the track and with increased protection of the earth from moisture penetration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This task is solved by creating a railway that consists of a lane with a sand cushion above it, a ballast prism made of crushed stone and typically rails and sleepers. On both sides of the railway there are lined ditches. The profile of all the overlapping elements is tilted in the corresponding direction of drainage. The sand cushion is U-shaped and lies beneath the lined ditches, incl. And at the bottom of each of its vertical arms there is a shoulder parallel to the drainage pipe. There is an impermeable or semi-permeable band between the ground and the sandbag. On the sand cushion there is a rolled base of gravel with a top smooth asphalt concrete layer, on which is placed a ballast prism.

The railway may have the same constituent elements, but the sand cushion, the strip and the rolled base with the top smooth asphalt concrete layer are the same width and are located between the ditches below their upper edge, adjacent to the road walls of the ditches, and within these walls immediately above the strip level, there shall be inclined drainage pipes in the respective grooves.

The advantage of the railroad is that it has increased resistance to deformation after several sieving of the crushed stone in the ballast prism during repair of the railway track and with increased protection of the earth from moisture penetration.

Description of the attached figures

The invention is explained in more detail by way of an exemplary embodiment of the railway shown in the accompanying drawings, of which:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the railway with a U-shaped sand cushion;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the railway in a concrete chute.

An embodiment of the invention

The railway shown in Figure 1 consists of a lane 1, and above it a sand cushion 2, a ballast prism 3 of crushed stone, and typically rails 4 and traverses 5 arranged on it. The railway on both sides has lined ditches 6 The profile of all adjacent elements is tilted in the corresponding direction of drainage. The sand cushion 2 is U-shaped and lies beneath the lined ditches 6 inclusive, and there is a drainage pipe parallel to the path 8 at the bottom of each of its vertical arms 7. There is a non-permeable or semi-permeable band 9 between the web 1 and the sand cushion 2 , for example, from semi-permeable fabric or polymer film. On the sand cushion 2 there is a rolled base of gravel 10 with a top smooth asphalt layer 11, on which is placed a ballast prism 3.

The railway in Fig. 2 consists of the same elements, but the sand cushion 2, the belt 9 and the rolled base 10 with the upper smooth asphalt layer 11 are of equal width and are located between the ditches 6 below their upper edge in a concrete groove 12 formed by adjacent to the road walls of the ditches 6, and in these walls immediately above the level of the strip 9 there are inclined drainage pipes 6 in the respective ditches 13. This variant is convenient for construction in tunnels.

Application of the invention

The effect of the railway is as follows. When passing on the railway track (figure 1) of the rolling stock (not shown in the figures), the efforts on the rails 4 are transmitted through the traverses 5 of the ballast prism 3, which in turn uniformly loads the asphalt layer 11 and the rolled base 10.

The tape 9 ensures that the water and moisture penetrating to the ditches is discharged 6 and that the groundwater moisture-penetrating furnace reaches the sand cushion 2. This leads to constant humidity maintenance and reduces the possibility of plastic deformation due to softening of the earth 1.

The moisture, which still enters the sand cushion 2, is gravitationally concentrated through the arms 7 in the drainage pipes 8 and drained over them.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, when the layers are in the concrete groove 12, this moisture is discharged into the ditches 6 through the inclined drainage pipes 13.

During repair work, the ballast machine moves along the track and its working body (not shown in the figures) slides freely over the smooth top surface of the asphalt concrete layer 11. This allows only the content of crushed stone content of the ballast prism 3 to be sifted by contaminants. In this way the sand cushion 2 is prevented from thinning and the possibility of grains of crushed stone entering the earth 1 is avoided.

Claims (2)

Claims 1. Railway consisting of a lane and above it a sand cushion, a ballast prism made of crushed stone and typically rails and sleepers on it, with the lane being lined on both sides and the profile of all one above the other. of elements is inclined in the corresponding direction of the outflow, characterized in that the sand cushion (2) is U-shaped and lies below the lined ditches (6), and at the bottom of each of its vertical arms (7) there are parallel to the road drainage pipe (8), where m between the ground (1) and the sand cushion (2) there is a non-permeable or semi-permeable band (9), and on the sand cushion (2) there is a rolled base of gravel (10) with a top smooth asphalt concrete layer (11) on which the ballast is placed. prism (3). Railway according to claim 1, characterized in that the sand cushion (2), the belt (9) and the rolled base (10) 5 with the upper smooth asphalt layer (11) are of equal width and are located between the ditches / 6 / below their top edge.