BG61222B1 - Decorative article and method for its making - Google Patents

Abstract

The decorative article is a mosaic of elementary modules having the form of parallelepipeds of treated solid wood, arranged or connected in the form of an image (picture). It is made of smooth or relief surface and has applied decorative character and serves for designing the interior of buildings, for decorations and for collectioning. The elementary modules are arranged in accordance to a scheme or a free drawing on the basic of which the required number of modules for each colour and size is calculated. The arrangement scheme is made by hand or by computer scanning of a free drawing (picture) or a colour photograph in quadrants having 10 signs for each side. The decorative article can be fitted on a solid pad (base) and/or in a frame individually or as an element of a whole composition. The method includes machine and/or manual treatment of specially selected wooden materials in the form of timber pieces having sizes suitable for milling. There follows cutting, faceting, colouring and breaking off the modules, their arrangement in special form or moulds, their adhesion to each other and/or on porous pad, drying and second adhesion on solid and/or textile padding, and/or framing.

Description

(54) DECORATIVE MOSAIC AND PRODUCTION METHOD

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a decorative mosaic and a method for its production, especially to a portable mosaic of decorative and applied character, arranged according to a pattern of colored wooden elements, which is mainly used as wall decoration in the interior design of rooms and / or for collecting .

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

For centuries, tapestries, embroideries, or fabrics have been known to be flexible decorative articles, patterned and threaded on a textile backing, which is a rare fabric that is festooned in flight. The template is a diagram arranged in similarly shaped fields, each filled with a raster grid, each box marked with a color-matching sign, with which the box is to be filled. The pad itself can be a template. The tapestries are very flexible because of the nature of the materials they are made of, which makes it very convenient to store and transport them. In addition, this technique can produce many successful, durable imitations of unique artworks due to the fine stitches and the ability to change threads of different colors, as the threads are strong and relatively long-lasting can be colored in different colors with close shades. In addition, the use of a prefabricated pattern that fills the pad with elemental stitches makes it a hobby. However, due to the complexity of the work, the tapestries are not always made in the original size. In addition, due to the possibility of being folded repeatedly or rolled up into thin rolls, they can be very easily concealed, for example in theft. Another disadvantage of tapestries is that the light threads lose their colors and the freshness of the tapestries is not guaranteed for a long time.

Other portable wall decorative articles, made of textile or paper based adhesives based on organic materials, for example, veneer pieces or straws forming an artistic image, are known in the art. intarsia. However, since the decorations are mounted on a flexible base, intarsions are generally of less durability due to the fragility of the application material, resulting in useful damage due to the larger surface area and the very small thickness of the applied elements when bending the base. For example, it is impossible to roll a roll. The main disadvantage is that it is not possible to periodically refresh by removing a layer of surface material, since veneer applications are of very small thickness and straws are also thin-walled. Another disadvantage is that this technique does not achieve a good and reliable effect of drawing or painting.

Also known since ancient times are floor or wall mosaics made of solid wood, glass, ceramics, enamel, marble, stone, and nowadays plastic, permanently attached to a rigid, fixed mosaic floor. form an artistic image for decoration. The shape of the building elements and the way they are attached depend on the type of material and the technique used. For example, mosaics of stacked wood, known as parquet floors, are made from pre-dried and cut solid wood, typically flat boards between 10 and 30 mm thick, 150-450 mm long and 30 and 60 mm wide. Most commonly, hard deciduous material is used. The pieces of the piece of wood are touched tightly to one another or connected to one another by a groove and a tooth or by gluing, whereby they are tightly fastened and are fixedly connected, for example by nailing or gluing in a screed, to a flat fixed rigid support. The entire surface of the flooring may be varnished for preservation purposes. For the artistic design of images, combinations of different types of material are usually applied, and the decorative features of different woods are used and emphasized. The method of manufacturing parquet involves the processing of the wood by sequential cutting of logs, drying, shredding, planing, drying, sorting and subsequent cutting of parquet building elements. In the case of parquet floors with a canal and a tooth, the lateral walls of the planking boards are milled on two adjacent sides and corresponding projections on the other two adjacent walls. The parquet floors are then stacked on a rigid fixed base, usually under, touching each other tightly. On a wood substrate, the parquet floors are nailed to it, and in the case of a cement substrate, they are placed on the non-dried screed, which adheres them. Such flooring is usually covered with large floor areas or large permanent wall panels are made. Therefore, the building blocks have a larger area for faster ordering. The decorative parquets of solid wood elements are of relatively long durability, which depends mainly on the type and pre-treatment of the material. In addition, by removing a thin surface layer, etc. cycling, the parquet can be periodically refreshed. But this technique does not make portable decorative mosaics that are convenient for transportation because of the oversized dimensions of the individual wooden elements. This technique aims mainly to emphasize the natural drawing and color of the tree and does not apply additional coloring, which is why a true imitation of a unique work of art cannot be achieved. Due to the size of the building elements when covering large floor areas, the use of expensive woods such as mahogany, ebony, eucalyptus and others with characteristic coloring is very expensive for the production of parquet and is not used in modern times. For floorboards with the combination of different colors according to the type of wood floorboards, only combinations of geometric shapes are built. The building elements are rough and the probable image can be taken complexly from a great distance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main object of the invention is to create a decorative mosaic and a method for its realization, by which the performances of author or successful imitations of works of art can be achieved.

Another object of the invention is to make the finished mosaic portable and lightweight, so that it can be rolled up during transportation and storage.

Another object of the invention is to make the materials used affordable and inexpensive.

It is important that the mosaic is durable, easy to clean and maintain, and allows for periodic refreshment.

It is another object of the invention that the production does not require special equipment, is environmentally friendly and does not require special qualification of personnel.

These and other objectives are achieved by a decorative mosaic according to the invention comprising an adhesive, at least one portable support and a plurality of solid timber-shaped prism elements whose walls allow the elements to be pressed together. One prism base is gluable to at least one of the pads, all pads are bondable to one another, and at least part of the walls of each prism and / or other base are stitched to acquire different colors and shades, and / or varnished for preservation. The area of at least one substrate is at least equal to the total area of the eponymous bases of the elements that make up the image. At least one pad is rigid. The number of elements with the same coloration corresponds at least to the number of raster positions with the same coloring of a pre-made template or is equal to all the colors and shades used in a freely constructed artwork. Each linear element size shall be at least 3 mm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the elements of solid wood are arranged in color, height and / or appearance, forming an artwork, with the eponymous bases bonded to each other by a layer of glue or glued to at least one substrate of hole material, wherein the adhesive layer or hole pads are glued to the pad that is rigid.

In another embodiment, between the adhesive layer or the hole pad and the solid support is a flexible fabric adhesive pad.

By using the elements described in the construction of the mosaic, a painting effect is achieved and successful imitations of works of art can be made. In addition, the finished mosaic is lightweight and the use of a separate base pad makes it portable. In the case of using a flexible pad, the mosaic can be wound on a transport roll, taking up limited space. More accessible and cheaper materials such as solid wood waste can be used for the production. This is especially important for the use of expensive and rare wood waste from other industries, which greatly reduces the cost of the product. Wood elements are easily preserved, in this case by varnishing, which greatly increases the durability of the product. Because natural wood tones are predominantly used and, in rare cases and small volumes, ingots are used in uncharacteristic wood colors, with the painted surface being lacquered further, the freshness of the colors is maintained for a long period of time without being affected by the effect. of light. However, in the case of changes in the colors of contamination or other permanent changes, due to the height of the elements, which determines the thickness of the article, it is possible to remove the surface soiled or changed layer, so that the article can be refreshed from time to time.

The method of making the decorative mosaic involves drawing a template by color rendering of the color image to be imitated, from a large-scale raster grid to positions in scale with shape and placement, corresponding to the shape and arrangement of the elements constituting the article, by the pattern quantitative balance of building elements in size and color. Pre-treated solid wood in the form of flat parallelepiped monolithic or composite laminated blanks by drying logs and subsequent splitting, planing, re-drying, sorting and cutting of flat blanks whose wide walls determine the working surface of the surface of the billets for receiving parallel grooves so as to form prism-shaped building elements of the desired dimensions and cross-sectional area, after which the front surface is ground and ground o desire to chamfer the edges around the section. The semi-finished building blocks are painted side and / or front to obtain the required colors and shades according to the quantitative balance of the pattern and / or varnished front and side for preservation. The components thus prepared are separated from the workpiece at their lower base and sorted by color and size. The building elements are stacked close together in at least one shape, with the ability to press the elements together. The shape may have a solid base and perpendicular walls, with at least two of the walls movable. In each shape, the elements that make up part or all of the image are arranged, pressed against each other to select the backlash. Aligns the front of the building elements along the entire surface of the mosaic or level. The same base bases of the building elements in one form are fixed with each other by means of a layer of glue or by gluing them on a hole pad for fixing the elements to one another. The fixed mosaic is then glued to a solid support.

In one embodiment of the method, the fixed mosaic is glued onto a flexible substrate before gluing to the solid support.

The proposed method of manufacturing the decorative item is environmentally friendly. There is no need to use specialized equipment that is expensive to manufacture. No special staff qualification is required either in the design of the elements or in the arrangement and fixing of the mosaic.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Attached

Figure 1 shows an axonometric view of the decorative article, wherein the face is planar and is made up of identical constituent elements;

FIG. 2 is an axonometric view of a decorative article having an embossed face; FIG. Figure 3 is a composite workpiece with milling elements on both sides;

FIG. 4 is a solid wood billet with milling elements on one side;

Figure 5 is a prism-shaped building element;

Figures 6a, 66 show two pictures, constructed according to the method according to the invention, in which the building elements are different in appearance.

EXAMPLES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

Figures 1 and 2 show two exemplary embodiments of the mosaic according to the invention. Figure 1 shows a portion of a finished decorative article 1 having a flat face 2 made up of elements 3, wherein the elements 3 are closely aligned with each other, arranged in appearance and color to produce an image. In this case, the elements are the same in appearance and height, and represent straight parallelepipeds oriented in one direction. All elements 3 are fixed to each other by a layer of adhesive 4 and glued to a solid support 5, for example, a phaser whose surface is at least equal to the surface of the finished article. For the bonding layer of adhesive 4 and the adhesive on the solid support 5, adhesive of the type universal adhesives for wood, textile, leather, for example brand C-200, was used. The solid support 5 is secured to the frame 6.

Figure 2 shows a portion of a finished decorative mosaic 1 with an embossed surface 7. Here, the elements 3, also aligned tightly together, are arranged in height, color and appearance to form at least one part of the image. They are bonded to each other by being glued to a hole 8, the area of which is at least equal to the area of the portion of the image. In this case, the pad 8 may be an artificial textile fabric, for example a yambol. Holes 8 are glued to a flexible liner 9, which can be textile material - woven or non-woven, shayk type, military blanket, welt, felt and more. The area of the flexible support 9 is equal to the area of the finished article 1. Here the flexible support 9 is glued to the solid support 5, which in turn is attached to the frame 6. The adhesive used is also C-200.

The method of making the decorative mosaic involves the production of flat parallelepiped monolithic or composite laminated solid wood blanks, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Solid wood blanks are made by drying the logs and subsequent splitting, re-grinding, planing cutting of blanks. Figure 3 is a sandwich billet 10 with an area of, for example, 250 cm ² , composed of two front layers 11 solid wood at least equal to the height of the building elements 3, which layers 11 are glued to the intermediate layer 12. The front faces layers 11 can be made of deciduous material such as oak, beech, ash, acacia, walnut, mahogany, ebony, pear, plum, apple, eucalyptus and others, which is characterized by uniform hardness of wood and characteristic for each type of wood, color and patterns. The intermediate layer 12 may be of gutter. The use of the laminated billet 10 saves valuable timber, especially of the rarer species. The truss thus formed is milled to the front layers lie along longitudinal and transverse grooves 13, the appropriate width of which is, for example, from 1.5 mm to 3.5 mm, shaped without being separated from the workpiece in the form of rectangular rectangular prisms constituent elements 3. It is appropriate from the point of view of strength that the dimensions of the prisms be at least 3 mm. The workpiece 14 shown in FIG. 4 is of solid wood with a thickness at least equal to the height of the elements 3 and also milled with perpendicular grooves 13. In this case, the thickness of the workpiece 14 is greater than the height of the elements 3 , the required height is achieved when cutting with a laser beam, for example. The elements 3 can be manually broken off from the base 15 of the blank 14 of FIG. 4 or from the intermediate layer 12 of the blank 10 of FIG. 3, for example, by means of a suitable metal spatula. Optionally, the edges at the front of the elements 3 can be beveled, and the chamfers 16 (FIG. 5) can be cut manually. The face surfaces of the milled workpieces are sanded, for example, on sanders with a sandpaper No. 60, 180, 400 in three stages, rough, medium and fine. The preforms 10 or 14 thus prepared are varnished with a colorless varnish, for example nitrocellulose wood varnish, on the side 17 and / or front face of each element 3 shown in FIG. 5 and dried at room temperature for 6 hours.

The method of production consists in the preparation of a template by printing a color image, which will be imitated by a large-scale raster grid of positions in scale, with a shape and arrangement, corresponding to the shape and arrangement of the elements forming the image 3. The template can be painted and of quadrants containing a certain number of positions. The positions of the template make a quantitative balance of the building elements 3 in size and color. From the varnished blanks 10 or 14, the workmanship of which is described above, they are manually broken by a metal spatula, or cut, for example, by the laser beam, the elements 3, sorted by color and type. The elements are stacked close to each other according to the pattern in at least one shape, thus forming part or all of the image.

For example, for the image of the Madonna shown in Fig. 6a, 6500 construction elements with a total area of 0.115 t ^{2 were used} . The template was created by manually scanning a free drawing of 10 characters on each side. For the different colors and heights of the building elements, freely selected different characters were used to construct a legend: X, O, etc. Six preforms of 200 x 100 mm dimensions were used, each consisting of a rigid detachable base and perpendicular walls, two of which were movable and used to press the elements together. The molds can be made of wood, sheet metal and more.

If the mosaic is initially assembled into parts, the gently pushing elements 3 are transferred to a generally larger shape of the same type. Manually select and replace the elements 3 of the end rows of the primary forms so that the dividing lines of the individual primary forms are sealed. The alignment of the front surface 2 (7) follows.

In the case of planar embodiments, the entire image collected in the aggregate form can be rotated on the glass, the base of the form can be removed by examining the face surface 2 of the image through the glass, and the irregularities can be corrected by pushing, for example, with tweezers, of individual non-aligned elements 3 The back side 19 of the tightly assembled members is smeared with a brush so as to form a layer of adhesive 4 C200 to bond the individual elements 3, which is allowed to dry for at least 3 hours, after which the back of the article is smeared with new with C-200 glue and glued to the rigid base 5 of a phaser, which is mounted in the frame 6. Instead of brushing, the assembled elements 3 can be immersed in the glue up to half their height and then dried. In another embodiment, instead of having a layer of glue 4, it is possible to attach the elements 3 by gluing C-200 glue on a hole pad, for example, textile yambolic fabric, and the elements 3 are pressed against the pad 8 for easy bonding. In one embodiment of the invention, prior to the solid support 5, the ordered mosaic 1 is glued to a flexible support 9 of textile fabric, in this case the shayak.

In embossing designs, the side surfaces 17 of the elements 3 must also be painted and / or varnished. In this case it is possible to align the front face 7 in levels, for example by using a negative gypsum embossing or a negative cardboard pattern.

The embodiments described are exemplary and serve only to illustrate the inventive idea and as the average skilled person may judge, other equivalent embodiments are possible within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (4)

Claims 1. A decorative mosaic comprising a support and a plurality of solid wood elements capable of being fixed to the substrate for the construction of an artistic image, the walls of which allow the elements to be pressed together, characterized in that it further comprises an adhesive (4) for the elements (3) are glued to the pads, the pad is at least one, and all the pads are portable, with at least one pad (5) being rigid, the elements (3) being straight prisms, one o again (19) having the ability to adhere to at least one of the substrates, and at least part of the walls (17) of each prism and / or other base (18) are stitched to obtain different colors and shades, and / or varnished for preservation, wherein the number of elements (3) of the same color corresponds to at least the number of raster positions with the same color of a pre-fabricated pattern, or is equal to all the colors and shades used, and the area of at least one pad is at most -almost equal to the total area of the element bases of the same name (3) producing an image, with each linear dimension of the building elements (3) being at least 3 mm. Decorative mosaic according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements (3) are stacked one by one in height and / or type and color, forming an artwork, with the same back bases (19) fixed to each other by a layer glue (4) or are glued to at least one hole pad (8), wherein the glue layer (4) or hole pad (4) is glued to the solid pad (5). Decorative mosaic according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a flexible mat (9) is bonded between the adhesive layer (4) or the hole pad (8) and the solid support (5). 4. The method of manufacturing the decorative mosaic of claims 2 and 3, comprising the processing of solid wood by successive cutting of logs, drying, splitting, planing, re-drying, sorting and subsequent cutting of parallelepiped elements that touch one another 5 next to each other and are arranged on a pad, characterized in that a template is prepared in advance by mapping the simulated image from a large-scale raster grid to positions in scale, with the template 10 having a quantitative balance of the elements (3) in size and color, and the elements (3) forming part or all of the image are obtained by cross-milling channels (13) with a depth equal to the height of 15 elements (3) on at least one wide wall (15) of flat monolithic (14) or composite laminated (10) solid wood workpiece so that one face (18) and the walls (17) of the elements (3) are formed and the front walls (11) of the workpiece (14, 10) ) are sanded, also obtained by painting sideways and / or front for coloring, and / or by varnishing for preservation, and by separating at their lower axis new (19) from the workpiece (14, 10) are arranged in at least one shape with the possibility of tightly pressing the elements (3) to each other, and their front side (18) is aligned over the whole area or level, whereupon the lower bases (19) of the elements (3) of at least one form are fixed by a layer of glue (4) or by gluing on a hole pad (8) for fixing the elements (3) to each other, and thus the fixed mosaic (1 ) is adhered to one or more pads, at least one of which is rigid (5).