BG3845U1 - Portable device for dry decontamination of air and surfaces from viruses and bacteria - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for indoor air decontamination, as well as for smooth or non-smooth surfaces of any kind. It is applicable to all types of work premises and halls, offices, residential buildings, hotels, restaurants and places to eat, hospitals, doctors' offices, pharmacies, banks, shops and malls, lifts, common residential and public entrances, public transport, taxis, greenhouses etc. The device represents a dry decontamination unit of air and surfaces from viruses and bacteria and consists of a cylindrical body (1), as its front and rear parts are closed with safety gratings, respectively front (2) and rear (3). In the body are arranged one behind the other in series a fan (5), an ozonizer, an ionizer (9), an ozonizer (10) and a source of bactericidal radiation (1)1, mounted fixedly along the longitudinal axis of the body (1) by means of bearing elements (6), (7) and (8), as the fan (5) is mounted on the inner side of the front safety grating (2).

Description

Field of technology

The utility model refers to a portable device for dry decontamination and purification of the air from viruses and bacteria indoors, as well as on surfaces of any kind.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Life on this planet develops in the absence of UVC. Ozone layers shield the planet, forming these wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. All life forms are extremely sensitive to these wavelengths and cells are destroyed with small doses of this radiation.

More than 100 years ago, wavelength electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet C (UVC) band (210 nm to 280 nm) was found to kill bacteria. In addition, it was found that the DNA of living organisms is highly absorbent at 260 nm and that at a sufficient dose of UV light can cause molecular damage, leading to inactivation of pathogens. In simple organisms, this means immediate death.

Pathogens can be a serious problem in public buildings and especially in hospitals, as they are spread by infected individuals through contact and through circulating air. Removing pathogens is very difficult. Air filtration is usually used, which unfortunately makes things worse by providing places for pathogens to multiply, as filtration alone does not kill them. Periodic replacement of filters can solve the problem, some of the problems, but at the cost of very frequent maintenance. In addition, smaller pathogens, such as viruses, cannot be removed by filtration.

The use of UVC to inactivate pathogens is widespread. Traditionally, UVCs are generated by mercury lamps and gas discharge tubes. These sources produce a complex spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, not all of which are effective in inactivating pathogens. In addition, UVC generated by mercury and fluorescent lamps is expensive, produces ozone, and the maintenance and heat generated by these lamps are barriers to large-scale perception.

Various methods of air decontamination are used in practice, including filtration and ultraviolet UV radiation. Ozone (O ₃ ) or negative ions can also be used to decontaminate the air. In practice, ionization creates negative ions in the air. In nature, these ions are produced by cosmic radiation, radioactive radiation from the earth, ultraviolet (UV) light, charge caused by wind friction, electric charges, combustion or strong electric fields. In fresh air, the life of the negative ion is usually from 100 to 1000 s. Negative ions are neutralized by positively charged particles such as dust, bacteria, pollen, cigarette smoke, allergens and others.

In air decontamination based on ionization, reactive oxygen species are delivered to the air to destroy various microorganisms and aromatic organic compounds by oxidation. Ionization produces such reactive oxygen species that are not harmful to the human body. Therefore, ionization does not include concentration limits such as ozonation. Another advantage of ionization is the negative charging of particles in the air. Thus, the particles accumulate and adhere to surfaces, escaping from the air.

Prolonged inhalation of high levels of ozone by humans causes damage to lung tissue and therefore the concentration of ozone should be limited. The permitted range for ozone concentration generally varies from 0.05 ppm to 0.1 ppm. When high concentrations of ozone (1 to 5 ppm) are used, one can stay in such a room only temporarily. However, ozone is a reactive compound that degrades relatively quickly, so that depending on the conditions the concentration of 1 ppm will drop to the allowable interval in just a few hours. Therefore, efficient ozonation sufficient for sterilization can be performed, for example, after a working day, in which case the room will be suitable for work the next day.

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Another alternative is catalytic ozone depletion. With the help of a nebulizer, even the ozone concentration of 7 ppm will drop to the safe range in about 20 minutes. With appropriate equipment, such ozone decontamination can be carried out even in the most urgent cases or in places where, for example, operating rooms or other rooms with hygienic requirements are not occupied for a short time. Various ozonation devices have been developed. Ozone is usually produced by UV light.

Patent publication US 20070041882 is known which describes a chemical air filtration system comprising a photochemical filtration section in which UV lamps generate biodegradation and surface photochemical activity on photocatalytic material and provide a source of radiation to irradiate molecules in the air. passing through the section, and to energize their states to promote reactions. In said system, UV lamps and / or other devices for generating ozone and radicals are provided, which are used for generating hydroxyl radicals. The photochemical filtration section may also contain electrostatic plates configured to trap dust particles.

There is known a method and system for air disinfection WO 2015024094, comprising a UV light source, which includes a laser for generating a fundamental beam from preset generators and harmonic frequency generators for the production of UV beam, using the main beam, air structure flux and optical elements for optically connecting a UV beam to the structure of the air stream for injecting substantially dispersed UV light therein, the substantially dispersed UV light having sufficient energy to inactivate pathogens.

Patent publication EP 2100624 A1 is known, which describes a method and a device for dry disinfection of air, which is disinfected simultaneously by applying HaUV radiation, ozonation and filtration. The disinfection device contains a technological chamber placed in an existing ventilation duct of a building, where the air to be decontaminated passes successively through two UV radiators emitting two different wavelengths to generate ozone and bactericidal action on bacteria. and viruses in the air. In the mentioned chamber there is also a diffusion collector, designed for removal of dust particles from the air.

A disadvantage of the utility model described above is its limited application, insofar as the device is adapted to be installed in an existing ventilation system in the building in which the device is used. For this reason, the device is not applicable to a wide range of rooms in which it is necessary, disinfects, especially in conditions of Covid-19 and other epidemiological conditions. The device is of relatively high value, and its use is associated with high costs in terms of electricity consumed, the need for frequent preventive inspections and replacement of filters. The device is also limited in terms of disinfection of surfaces in the treated rooms.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the utility model is to create a portable device for dry decontamination of air and surfaces from bacteria and viruses, which will provide effective decontamination and disinfection of indoor air, as well as easy to maintain, low cost and accessible to the general public. .

The problem is solved with a portable device for dry decontamination of air and surfaces from viruses and bacteria, which consists of a housing with an ozonator and a source of ultraviolet radiation, and a housing for dust particles is provided in the housing.

According to the utility model, safety grilles, respectively a front grille and a rear safety grille are mounted in the front and rear of the housing, in which a fan is fixedly fixed on the inside of the front safety grille and supporting elements are mounted in the inner part of the housing. at equal distances from each other, longitudinally along the axis of the housing and coaxially with the fan are mounted in series air ionizer, air ozonizer and source of bactericidal radiation, where under the housing is mounted a power supply and control module, including a wireless device and remote control of the device.

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According to a preferred embodiment, the air ozonator is designed as a UV ultraviolet lamp, with a fundamental wavelength below 200 nm.

As a source of bactericidal radiation, it is suitable to use a bactericidal ultraviolet UV lamp or a bactericidal ultraviolet UV LED, with a wavelength in the range 280-200 nm.

The power supply and control module is made as a box in which a power supply unit with cable connections for power supply of the fan, ionizer, ozonator and bactericidal radiation source and a control unit in which a WEB control controller and a device for wireless connection of the device are located are formed. for its remote control.

The device is equipped with two handles, respectively a vertically oriented handle is mounted on the outside of the front safety grille, and a horizontally oriented handle is fixed on the upper part of the housing.

The device for dry decontamination of indoor air is made as a universal device, portable, small in size and effective for disinfection and decontamination of indoor air from viruses and bacteria. It is suitable for use in a wide range of work and living quarters, halls, offices, hotels, restaurants and dining places, hospitals, doctors' offices, pharmacies, banks, shops and malls, elevators, common residential and public entrances, public transport, taxis, greenhouses, etc. The device is effective as far as possible to include simultaneously the ionizer, the ozonator, the device for bactericidal radiation, and with the help of the fan the air flow is directed. The device can be constructed with elements whose parameters are consistent with the volume of the room to be treated, as well as the type of surfaces to be decontaminated. The decontaminator is equipped with a control, including a remote control, which allows its safe use, from a distance, outside the room, as well as the ability to precisely adjust the operating time of the device according to the volume of the room.

Explanation of the attached figures

Further in the description, with the help of the drawings accompanying the description, an exemplary embodiment of the device for dry decontamination of air and surfaces is presented in detail, where:

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a portable dry decontaminator of air and surfaces from viruses and bacteria according to the utility model.

Figure 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a Cockroft-Walton generator type ionizer.

Figure 3 shows the spectral distribution of radiation from a bactericidal UV source.

Figure 4 shows a UV LED emitter.

Figure 5 shows how the UV radiation generated by the device destroys the DNA of the virus.

Examples of implementation of the utility model

The device for dry decontamination of air, according to the utility model, is designed for decontamination of air indoors, as well as on surfaces from viruses and bacteria. It consists of a housing 1, preferably made of metal, with a cylindrical shape, whereby it is recommended that its inner surface be mirror polished. In the front and rear part of the housing 1 are mounted safety grilles, respectively front safety grille 2 and rear safety grille 3. To the front safety grille 2 are mounted on the outside vertically oriented handle 4, and on the inside and a fan 5 is fixed. In the inner part of the metal cylindrical housing 1 are mounted bearing elements 6, 7 and 8, located symmetrically, at equal distances from each other, inside the cylindrical housing 1.

After the fan 5, an air ionizer 9 is fixedly mounted on the support element 6, and immediately thereafter, an air ozonizer 10, preferably made as an ultraviolet UV lamp, with a fundamental wavelength below 200 nm, is fixedly mounted on the support element 7.

After the ozonator 10, a source of bactericidal radiation 11, for example a bactericidal UV lamp or a bactericidal ultraviolet LED, is fixedly mounted on a support element 8.

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UV, with a wavelength in the range of 280-200 pcs.

According to a preferred embodiment of the dry decontaminator, the fan 5, the ionizer 9 and the ozonator 10, as well as the source of bactericidal radiation 11 are arranged along the axis of the housing 1, oriented coaxially with the fan 5.

In the lower part of the housing 1 is mounted a fixed power supply and control module 12, made as a box, representing a stand of the whole device, in which the power supply unit and the control unit are formed in the module 12, not shown in the figures.

The power supply unit contains a power supply with cable connections of the fan 5, the ionizer 9, the ozonator 10 and the source of bactericidal radiation 11, and in the control unit are located the control WEB controller and wireless device of the device for its remote control.

All cables that connect the individual elements of the device are resistant to UV radiation. The wireless communication device is preferably with at least five relay outputs that allow the general power supply to be switched on / off or separately only the fan 5, the ionizer 9, the ozonator 10 or the bactericidal source 11 or all together. Each of the mentioned relay outputs is controlled independently, for example via a mobile phone, with the possibility to set timing from 0 to 24 h with an accuracy of 1 s, or via a USB output controlled by a keyboard or a programmable timer (eg Sirius model) in a PC ( Laptop) with adjustable timing from 0 to 24 h with an accuracy of 1 s, which are web accessible.

On the front side of the module 12 there is a multi-position switch 13, through which the device can be controlled in manual mode, moving it to a different position allows you to turn on or off the fan 5, ionizer 9, ozonator 10 or bactericidal source 11. Next to the switch is a key with an LED indicator 14, which provides manual or programmable control of the device via a mobile communication device, such as a telephone or computer.

A handle 15, suitably shaped for convenient carrying of the device, is fixedly attached to the upper part of the housing 1.

Use of the device: the air decontaminator is placed on the spot in the room where the air will be disinfected, which is plugged in to power the mains and the person leaves the room, then using a mobile device, such as a mobile phone or computer connects wirelessly to the decontamination device, setting the operating mode in accordance with the volume and features of the room to be disinfected.

The device can also be used in manual mode, when it is necessary to perform partial disinfection, for example on individual surfaces, by means of the module 12 and the switch 13 the required disinfection mode is determined. In manual mode, the handle 4 is used, through which the device is directed to decontaminate surfaces, for example horizontal surfaces, if they are in different places in the room. The time of irradiation of the surfaces, as well as with which of the elements of the device to perform the necessary irradiation is determined depending on the material from which the surfaces are made, for example wood, ceramics, plastic. Depending on the need for decontamination by bacteria or viruses, it is possible to use one of the elements or a combination of the individual elements ionizer, ozonator and bactericidal radiation source to ensure quality decontamination of the room.

The air ionizer 9 is fixed in the housing 1 by means of a supporting element 7 made of insulating material, thus preventing high voltage on the housing 1 in the event of damage. The ionizer 9 is essentially a high-voltage source of constant voltage. , for example from 6 to 7 kV, powered by the mains voltage of 220V, 50Hz. Figure 2 shows an exemplary air ionizer made as a Cockroft-Walton generator operating with a voltage multiplier that is suitable for use, but does not limit the possibility of using other types of ionizers that will have equivalent action in the operation of the device. In order to ensure the necessary safety, the current flow during the operation of the ionizer is limited by a high-resistance resistor to 2 mA. Iri operation of the ionizer 9,

2247 Descriptions to utility registration certificates № 09.1 / 15.09.2020 its negative end ends with bare metal blades, where the adjacent air is ionized by the created high electrostatic field and a flow of negative ions is obtained. Indoors, the concentration of light negative ions decreases to such an extent that in just a few hours it leads to adverse changes in the psyche and changes in the functioning of many organs and systems in the human body. It is known that when a person breathes, he emits about 50,000 heavy ions for every cubic centimeter of exhaled air. In this regard, the effect of ionization is a strong increase in the biological activity of air and the destruction of microorganisms, including those that cause disease in humans. To a large extent, this activity is manifested against influenza viruses, including Covid-19.

The ozonator 10 as part of the device is an ultraviolet lamp with a basic emission range below 200 nm. The ozonator 10 is located next to the ionizer 9 and is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1, being mounted and secured by a support element 7 made of UV resistant material. The smell of ozone is reminiscent of chlorine and is found by many people at concentrations of at least 0.1 ppm in the air, or in other words about 0.01 pmol / mol. Effects below 0.1 ppm have been found to have a good effect on health. However, this same high oxidative potential causes ozone effects, resulting in damage to mucous membranes and respiratory tissues in animals, as well as tissues in plants, above concentrations of about 0.1 ppm. Exposure of 0.1 to 1 pmol / mol results in headache, burning of the eyes and respiratory irritation. Although ozone poses a potent respiratory risk and a pollutant close to ground level, higher concentrations in the ozone layer (two to eight ppm) is beneficial in preventing damage to ultraviolet light from reaching the earth's surface. Ozone gas attacks any polymer having olefinic or double bonds in its chain structure, such as natural rubber, nitrile rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber. Therefore, efficient ozonation sufficient for sterilization takes into account these attacks and if there are such materials in the room, they must be covered with protective nylon.

The source of bactericidal radiation 11 as part of the device is a UV lamp or UV LED with a wavelength of radiation between 280 and 200 nm. The source of bactericidal radiation is located adjacent to the ozonator 9, being oriented along the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical housing 1 and fixed by means of a support element 8, preferably made of UV-resistant material. Figure 3 shows the spectrum of a low pressure mercury lamp providing UV radiation with a maximum in the bactericidal sector UVC - up to 85% of the light output of the lamp. This lamp has a bactericidal effect, but generates almost no ozone, as the glass from which it is made does not pass the ozone-forming spectral line of 185 nm. Such lamps are also called neozone. It is for this reason that it is proposed to be able to use two types of ultraviolet lamps in the device. The lamp described in Figure See is position 11 in the exemplary embodiment of the device, and the ozone UV lamp (air ozonizer) is in position 9 in the device.

The photobiological spectrum of action in its simplest form is a diagram of the effect (bioresponse) as a function of wavelength. Various studies have shown that cell death of bacteria follows the uptake spectrum for nucleic acids. Absorption is the transfer of energy from an electromagnetic field to a single molecular unit, which is the reason for proposing the spectrum of bactericidal action, and experimental studies have clearly shown that the absorption spectra in the UV wavelength range follow the absorption of DNA. Figure 5 shows graphically the mechanism of rupture of the DNA molecule of Covid-19 by UV radiation.

These studies establish the bactericidal effect of ultraviolet rays.

UV radiation affects DNA as well as single-stranded RNA, which is an integral part of the viability of microorganisms such as viruses, including Covid-19. UV radiation can kill or inhibit the growth of many microbes (including bacteria, viruses, fungi and a variety of protozoa) that are known to cause disease in humans and animals.

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Claims (6)

Claims A device for dry decontamination and air purification, consisting of a housing with an ozonator and a source of ultraviolet radiation located in it, and a dust filter is provided in the housing, characterized in that in the front and rear part of the the housing (1) is fitted with safety grilles, respectively a front safety grille (2) and a rear safety grille (3), in which a fan (5) is fixedly fixed on the inside of the front safety grille (2) and on the inside of the housing (1) supporting elements (6, 7 and 8) are mounted at equal distances from each other, as longitudinally along the axis of the housing (1) and coaxially with the fan (5) are mounted in series air ionizer (9), ozonator of air (10) and a source of bactericidal radiation (11), wherein under the housing (1) is mounted a power supply and control module (12), including a device for wireless connection and remote control of the device. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air ozonator is designed as an ultraviolet UV lamp, with a fundamental wavelength of less than 200 [mu] m. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of bactericidal radiation (11) is a bactericidal ultraviolet UV lamp or a bactericidal ultraviolet UV LED, with a wavelength in the range 280-200 nm. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply and control module (12) is designed as a box in which a power supply unit with cable connections for powering the fan (5), the ionizer (9), the ozonator is formed. 10) and the source of bactericidal radiation (11) and a control unit in which a control WEB controller and a wireless communication device of the device for its remote control are located. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with two handles, respectively a vertically oriented handle (4) is mounted on the outside of the front safety grille (2) and is fixed on the upper part of the housing (1) fixed horizontally oriented handle (15). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (1) is metallic, cylindrical in shape, the inner surface of which is mirror polished.