BG3254U1 - Wooden dome house - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a wooden dome house, which will find application in the field of construction, scientific and technological services and related research and design services, particularly in the construction of modern energy efficient homes. The wooden dome house, according to the utility model, has a load-bearing wooden structure consisting of a dome structure (1) with axial symmetry mounted on a floor structure (2). The dome structure (1) has a cladding, and joinery (23) is mounted to the dome structure (1). The dome structure (1) consists of archwise load-bearing wooden glued beams (3), to which are connected by means of fastening elements horizontal reinforcing wooden elements (4) . One of the ends of the archwise load-bearing wooden glued beams (3) is fixed by a metal step (5) to the floor structure (2), and the other end of the archwise load-bearing wooden glued beams (3) is attached to a wooden or metal ring (6). A round window (7) is mounted in the central part at the top of the dome structure (1). On the horizontal reinforcing wooden elements (4) are placed waterproof OSB boards (8), so that on one side are attached slats (9) and counter battens (10), and on the other side of the waterproof OSB boards (8) is placed the first insulating layer (11). On the free side of the first insulating layer (11) there is a cladding (12) of wooden planed boards. Wooden tiles (13) are placed on the battens (10). The floor structure (2) is comprised of external OSB panels (14), between which are placed load-bearing wooden beams (15), so that on the external OSB panels (14) and between the load-bearing wooden beams (15) is placed a second insulating layer (16). Intermediate OSB boards (17) are placed on the supporting wooden beams (15) and the second insulating layer (16), on which are attached secondary wooden beams (18). A third insulation layer (19) is placed on the intermediate OSB boards (17) and between the secondary wooden beams (18), on which are placed internal OSB boards (20). The internal OSB boards (20) are covered with wooden flooring (21). The floor structure (2) is placed on single monolithic foundations (22).

Description

Field of technology

The utility model refers to a wooden domed house that will find application in the field of construction, scientific and technological services and related research and design services and in particular in the construction of modern energy efficient homes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Numerous technical solutions revealing wooden domed houses are known from practice. Such solutions are described, for example, at http: Z7www.solaleya.com/ or http://skydome.pro/. The closest known solution from http://skydome.pro/ is a wooden domed house having a load-bearing wooden structure, including a dome structure with axial symmetry mounted on a floor structure. The dome structure is covered with an external enclosing structure, and joinery is mounted to the dome structure. The dome structure consists of arched load-bearing wooden glued beams, to which horizontal reinforcing wooden elements are connected by means of fastening elements.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the utility model is to create an improved wooden domed house having a load-bearing wooden structure composed of a dome structure with axial symmetry mounted on a floor structure. The dome structure has cladding, and joinery is attached to the dome structure. The dome structure consists of arched load-bearing wooden glued beams, to which horizontal reinforcing wooden elements are connected by means of fastening elements.

According to the utility model, one end of the arched load-bearing wooden glued beams is fixed by a metal step to the floor structure, and the other end of the arched load-bearing wooden glued beams is attached to a wooden or metal ring. A round window is mounted in the central part of the top of the dome structure. Waterproof OSB boards are placed on the horizontal reinforcing wooden elements, so that laths and counter battens are attached on one side, and a first insulating layer is placed on the other side of the waterproof OSB boards. On the free side of the first insulating layer is placed the cladding of wooden planed boards. Wooden tiles are placed on the battens. The floor structure is composed of external OSB boards, between which are placed load-bearing wooden beams, so that on the external OSB boards and between the load-bearing wooden beams is located a second insulating layer. Intermediate OSB boards are placed on the supporting wooden beams and the second insulating layer, on which secondary wooden beams are attached. A third insulating layer is placed on the intermediate OSB boards and between the secondary wooden beams, on which internal OSB boards are placed. The internal OSB boards are covered with wooden flooring. The floor construction is placed on single monolithic foundations.

According to a particular embodiment of the utility model, the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer and the third insulating layer are made of glass and stone wool. The waterproof OSB boards are covered on the first insulating layer with a vapor barrier membrane, and on the counter battens with a waterproofing membrane. The cladding is covered with a vapor barrier membrane on the side of the first insulation layer. The outer OSB panels are covered on the second insulation layer with a vapor barrier membrane, and on the other side with a waterproofing membrane. The intermediate OSB panels are covered on the third insulation layer with a vapor barrier membrane. The ratio of the diameter to the height of the dome structure, which can be expressed as: 2R / H = 1,618. The joinery is made as a multilayer wooden wing with triple glazing.

The wooden domed house stands out as a complex solution that has excellent ecology, comfort and security of life, combined with the highest level of energy efficiency.

The load-bearing wooden structure, which has the shape of a partial sphere, is a self-supporting structure, i. the need for internal bearing and supporting elements (columns, beams) has been eliminated. The load-bearing wooden structure is reliable and features exceptional seismic

4963 Descriptions to certificates for registration of utility models № 10.2 / 31.10.2019 sustainability due to the fact that the structural load is distributed evenly, which is important for earthquake areas such as Bulgaria. The load-bearing wooden structure of the wooden domed house is very light and allows it to be mounted on single concrete foundations, which can be placed on a variety of soil and relief, and this is done much easier and faster than conventional construction. This allows easy construction in hard-to-reach places, such as mountain recreation centers, shelters, etc.

The wooden domed house has excellent lighting characteristics, as the spherical shape has the ability to scatter light. It is always brighter inside than on the street, even without interior lighting, which results in fewer light sources needed.

The acoustic advantages of the wooden domed house are that it has an even distribution of sound, no resonant sound and 30% less penetration of external noise.

The ratio of the diameter to the height of the dome structure 2R / H = 1,618, is known as the golden section or Divine Proportion. Thanks to him, the wooden domed house has a beneficial and harmonizing effect on the human body. Applying the principle of the golden section increases the volume of the interior space compared to the volume of the interior space, which offers half a sphere. This gives a huge advantage for the organization of the first floor and creates a harmonious space on the second, while preserving the useful area. The wooden domed house, according to the utility model, has the shape of a% sphere, which creates conditions for relaxation, coziness, peace, creativity, communication with loved ones and a sense of harmony. Thanks to the flow of the walls, natural air circulation is achieved. A very healthy microclimate is created, which has a beneficial effect on human health and emotional state.

Explanation of the attached figures

In more detail, the utility model is illustrated by the attached figures, of which: figure 1 presents a schematic diagram of the wooden domed house;

Figure 2 shows a section of the wall of the wooden domed house; Figure 3 shows a front sectional view of the floor structure;

Figure 4 is a side sectional view of the floor structure;

Figure 5 shows the distribution of the interior space.

Example of implementation of the utility model

The figures show a specific embodiment of a wooden domed house having a supporting wooden structure (as seen in Fig. 1), consisting of a dome structure 1 with axial symmetry mounted on a floor structure 2. The dome structure 1 is composed of arched load-bearing structures wooden glued beams 3, to which horizontal reinforcing wooden elements 4 are connected by fastening elements. One end of the arched supporting wooden glued beams 3 is fixed by means of a metal step 5 to the floor structure 2, and the other end of the arched supporting wooden glued beams 3 is fixed to a wooden or metal ring 6. In the central part of the top of the dome structure 1 is mounted a round window 7. On the horizontal reinforcing wooden elements 4 are located waterproof OSB boards 8 (shown in Fig. 2), so that on one side they are fixed battens 9 and counter battens 10, and on the other side of the waterproof OSB boards 8 is placed the first insulating with tallow 11. The waterproof OSB boards 8 are covered on the first insulating layer with a vapor barrier membrane, and on the counter battens 10 - with a waterproofing membrane. On the free side of the first insulating layer lie cladding 12 of wooden planed boards is placed. The cladding 12 is covered with a vapor barrier membrane on the side of the first insulating layer 11. Wooden tiles 13 are arranged on the counter battens 10. The floor structure 2 (revealed in Figs. 3 and 4) is composed of external OSB boards 14, between which load-bearing wooden boards are placed. beams 15 so that a second insulating layer 16 is arranged on the outer OSB boards 14 and between the supporting wooden beams 15. The outer OSB boards 14 are covered on the second insulating layer 16 with a vapor barrier membrane and on the other side with a waterproofing membrane. Intermediate layers are placed on the supporting wooden beams 15 and the second insulating layer 16

4964 Descriptions to certificates for registration of utility models № 10.2 / 31.10.2019

OSB panels 17, on which are attached secondary wooden beams 18. On the intermediate OSB panels 17 and between the secondary wooden beams 18 is a third insulation layer 19, on which are placed internal OSB panels 20, and the intermediate OSB panels 17 are covered by the third insulation layer 19 with vapor barrier membrane. The inner OSB panels 20 are covered with wooden flooring 21. The floor structure 2 is placed on single monolithic foundations 22. The first insulating layer 11, the second insulating layer 16 and the third insulating layer 19 are made of glass and stone wool. The wooden domed house has the ratio of the diameter to the height of the domed structure 1 (shown in Fig. 5), which can be expressed as: 2R / H = 1,618. To the dome structure 1 is mounted a window frame 23, which is made as a multilayer wooden wing with triple glazing.

Application of the utility model

The structures and cladding of the wooden domed house are made of wood. The porous structure of the wood gives it good thermal insulation properties, improves the indoor microclimate in terms of humidity and sound insulation, gives incomparable coziness, warmth and comfort in the premises.

The impregnation of the wood is on a natural basis, without toxic chemicals. The wooden elements are treated with natural oils and waxes. Moisture-resistant OSB boards are made of selected wood and special resins that not only meet the high standards of environmentally friendly buildings, but also have zero formaldehyde content: Class EC (EN 120).

The high quality of the cladding of the wooden domed house is achieved through the wooden tiles 11 of Siberian larch, heat-treated ash and others.

The thermal insulation materials for the insulation layers 11, 16, 19 of the cladding and the floor structure 2, which are used, in particular the stone and glass wool, are free of formaldehyde in their composition. These materials combine in a unique way thermal and sound insulation characteristics, as well as mechanical characteristics with the highest class of reaction to fire A1 (non-combustible materials).

The load-bearing wooden structure of the domed wooden house is very light and there is no need to perform a heavy reinforced concrete foundation (containing a metal lattice in itself), as in a conventional house, but it is enough to mount the load-bearing structure of the wooden house on single concrete foundations. 22. This allows to maintain the healthy influence of the earth's magnetic field.

The shape of the wooden domed house provides the lowest operating costs for heating because it saves energy. The sphere has the smallest ratio of the area of the enclosing surface to the internal volume of the building among all figures with the same volume. The surface area affected by the environment has a much greater impact on the energy efficiency of the house than on the sealing quality of the joints and the thickness of the walls, and the heat loss of the base does not depend on the floor area but on the perimeter length. In addition, due to its spherical shape, the domed house does not have cold corners, which largely lead to heat loss.

The heat loss of the house is directly proportional to its aerodynamic drag. Due to the aerodynamic effect of the design, the wind bends around the wooden domed house with less resistance. In addition, there are no cold corners in the wooden domed house that lead to heat loss. The spherical shape contributes to the constant circulation of air in the wooden domed house as the warmer air does not collect in its upper part. In winter, the cooled air becomes compressed and moves down the walls to the center of the house. Each heater located in the ascending flow will heat the entire wooden domed house evenly. Like a large reflector, the dome structure 1 reflects and concentrates heat, naturally reducing losses through the cladding and increasing the energy efficiency of the house. The wooden domed house has optimal energy characteristics and in combination with modern materials and technologies, the price of heating (and air conditioning) is 70 = 90% lower. The compact shape of the house allows a smaller total length of pipe systems for heating, domestic hot water and ventilation.

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The wooden domed house achieves better energy efficiency indicators with the specific energy demand for heating 15 = 25 kWh / m ² per year. In addition, the house is extremely suitable for the use of renewable energy sources in order to achieve energy independence.

Claims (8)

Claims 1. A wooden domed house having a load-bearing wooden structure consisting of a dome structure with axial symmetry fixed on a floor structure, the dome structure having a cladding, in which joinery is mounted to the dome structure and the dome structure is composed of arched load-bearing wooden glued beams, to which horizontal reinforcing wooden elements are connected by fastening elements, characterized in that one end of the arched load-bearing wooden glued beams (3) is fastened by means of a metal step (5) to the floor structure (2) and the other end of the arched load-bearing beams wooden glued beams (3) is attached to a wooden or metal ring (6), where in the central part of the top of the dome structure (1) is mounted a round window (7), and on the horizontal reinforcing wooden elements (4) are waterproof OSB boards (8), so that on one side are attached slats (9) and counter battens (10), and on the other side of waterproof The first insulating layer (11) is placed on the free side of the first insulating layer (11), the cladding (12) of wooden planed boards is placed, and wooden tiles (13) are placed on the counter battens (10). , where the floor structure (2) is composed of external OSB panels (14), between which are placed load-bearing wooden beams (15), so that on the external OSB panels (14) and between the load-bearing wooden beams (15) is a second insulating layer (16), with intermediate OSB boards (17) placed on the supporting wooden beams (15) and the second insulating layer (16), on which secondary wooden beams (18) are attached, so that on the intermediate OSB boards (17) and between the secondary wooden beams (18) is a third insulating layer (19), on which are placed internal OSB boards (20), as the internal OSB boards (20) are covered with wooden flooring (21), where the floor structure (2) is placed on single monolithic foundations ( 22). Wooden domed house according to claim 1, characterized in that the first insulating layer (11), the second insulating layer (16) and the third insulating layer (19) are made of glass and stone wool. Wooden domed house according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the waterproof OSB boards (8) are covered on the first insulating layer (11) with a vapor barrier membrane and on the counter battens (10) with a waterproofing membrane. Wooden domed house according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cladding (12) is covered with a vapor barrier membrane on the side of the first insulating layer (11). Wooden domed house according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outer OSB panels (14) are covered on the second insulating layer (16) with a vapor barrier membrane and on the other side with a waterproofing membrane. Wooden domed house according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intermediate OSB panels (17) are covered on the third insulating layer (19) with a vapor barrier membrane. Wooden domed house according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter to the height of the domed structure (1) is equal to 1.618. Wooden domed house according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the joinery (23) is made as a multilayer wooden wing with triple glazing.