BG2779U1 - Pellet burner and combustion chamber with pellet burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pellet burner and to a combustion chamber having such a burner operating with pellets and in particular gravity loading. The burner has a combustion grate for primary combustion (6), a regulative barrier (7) for the pellets extending from the upper side of the burner to the primary combustion grate (6) and a second height-adjustable barrier (8) extending from the upper side of the burner to not more than 35 mm from the primary combustion grate (6). The combustion chamber comprises the above-described burner (1), a second grate (14) for postcombustion of the pellets and an ash container.

Description

(54) PELLET BURNER AND PELLET BURNER COMBUSTION CHAMBER (57) The utility model refers to a pellet burner and to a combustion chamber with such a pellet burner and in particular by gravity charging. The burner has a primary combustion grate (6), a guide barrier (7) for the pellets, extending from the upper side of the burner to the primary combustion grate (6) and a second height-adjustable barrier (8) extending from the upper side of the burner. up to a maximum of 35 mm from the primary combustion grate (6). The combustion chamber includes the above-described burner (1), a second grill (14) for afterburning the pellets and an ash container.

claims, 7 figures

2779 UI (54) PELLET BURNER AND FUEL CHAMBER WITH PELLET BURNER

Field of technology

The utility model relates to a pellet burner and to a combustion chamber with such a pellet burner and in particular by gravity loading, with the possibility of adjusting the power of the combustion chamber.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Gravity-loaded pellet stoves are known, consisting of a gravity-loaded pellet hopper located above a horizontal combustion chamber, an ash collector for collecting solid pellet combustion waste located below the combustion chamber, a heat exchange chamber with an outlet for discharging the exhaust gases located at the rear of the combustion chamber and the air intakes located at the front of the combustion chamber. Typically, the horizontal combustion chamber includes an opening in the upper part for loading pellets, an open front part for the supply of fuel air, an open rear part for the removal of hot exhaust gases, an open lower part for removing solid waste from the combustion of pellets and a grill for primary burning of pellets. It is known to use such stoves in the household for heating and / or cooking.

U.S. Patent Application No. 2017082292 (A1) discloses a gravity-charged pellet stove that includes a top-down first combustion chamber with a first grill, a second combustion chamber with a second grill, and an ash container. The known solution does not allow to regulate the power of the combustion chamber.

There is a need to increase the efficiency of the known pellet stoves by adjusting their power according to the wishes and needs of the user. This will also contribute to greater economy of pellet stoves and burners.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the utility model is to create an energy-independent burner and combustion chamber of a pellet stove with gravity loading with improved efficiency, whose construction allows the regulation of the volume of burning pellets and, accordingly, the power of the chamber.

Another task of the utility model is to create an improved grill for primary combustion for a pellet combustion chamber.

These and other tasks are solved by creating a horizontal burner for a pellet combustion chamber with gravity loading of height H, having a front part with a primary combustion zone and a rear part with a secondary combustion zone, the burner including:

- upper wall, in the front part of which there is an opening for loading pellets;

- two opposite side walls and a rear wall;

- open front side for fuel air supply;

- gas outlet;

- open lower side for removal of solid waste from pellet incineration;

- removable grill for primary combustion in the primary combustion zone with multiple slots;

- a guide barrier for guiding the pellets and limiting the opening for loading pellets in front, extending transversely between the two side walls and from the top of the burner to the grill for primary combustion;

- at least one front air inlet located in the contact zone of the guide barrier and the primary combustion grate.

According to the utility model, the primary combustion grate is inclined backwards at an angle of 10 ° to 20 °, preferably from 12 ° to 15 °, and its front part is located at a distance hl from the upper wall, hl being equal to from 2 / 3H to 3 / 4H. The guide barrier is a plate inclined at an angle of 80 ° to 60 °, and there is a second barrier limiting the opening for loading pellets at the rear, the second barrier is a height-adjustable vertical or inclined at an angle of 80 ° to 60 °, extending transverse to the burner between the two side walls and on the upper side of the burner to not more than 35 mm from the primary combustion grate. The volume-adjustable primary combustion combustion zone of the burner is bounded between the primary combustion grate, the side walls, the front transverse bulkhead, and an inclined plane of about 45 ° extending from the lower end of the second bulkhead back and down to the grate.

2779 UI for primary combustion.

Preferably, the guide barrier and the second barrier are parallel to each other and inclined at an angle of 60 °.

In one embodiment of the burner, a horizontal plate extending between the side walls of the burner is located just below the rear of the primary combustion grate.

Preferably, the front fuel air opening is formed as a gap between the guide barrier and the primary combustion grate. Also, the front fuel air opening may be formed as passage openings in the lower part of the guide barrier.

The exhaust opening may be located at the rear of the upper wall of the burner or may be located at the rear wall of the burner. A grill for primary combustion for a burner of a gravity-charged pellet combustion chamber is also created, which consists of a plurality of adjacent heat-resistant steel rods with gaps between them inseparably connected at one end to at least one transverse steel support beam. , the rods being arranged alternately in a checkerboard pattern in two different, parallel planes, whereby the slots of the grill are formed by the gaps between the rods.

In one embodiment of the primary combustion grate, the front ends of the rods are bent upwards at an angle of between 80 ° and 60 °, the transverse support beam being located above the upper plane of the rods and the gaps between the upwardly curved portions of the rods forming a front hole for fuel air.

A gravity-charged pellet combustion chamber having a front part with a primary combustion zone and a rear part with a secondary combustion zone, including:

- upper wall, with an opening for loading pellets by gravity in the front part;

- two opposite side walls, rear wall, lower wall;

- front wall with opening door with opening for combustible air;

- exhaust outlet;

- at least one secondary air vent in the secondary combustion zone;

- a burner with a grill for primary combustion according to the utility model, mounted with the possibility of dismantling in the upper part of the combustion chamber;

- a second removable grill with slits for afterburning of pellets, width W, mounted in the combustion chamber under the grill for primary combustion at a distance h2> W / 2, the slits of the second grill being smaller than the slits of the grill for primary combustion]

- an ash container at the bottom of the chamber.

In a preferred embodiment, the ash container is two-section with a front section located below the primary combustion zone and a rear section located below the secondary combustion zone separated by a vertical transverse partition wall, the vertical transverse shielding plate extending above the partition wall. to the underside of the burner without touching the primary combustion grate, whereby there is a gap of 10 to 15 mm between the rear end of the second grate and the shielding plate.

The exhaust vent may be located at the rear of the upper wall of the combustion chamber above the secondary combustion zone or may be located at the rear wall of the combustion chamber.

Preferably, a gap of 2 to 25 mm is provided between the side walls of the burner and the side walls of the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the grill for primary combustion of the burner is the grill described above according to the utility model.

Advantages of the burner and the combustion chamber of a pellet stove with gravity loading according to the utility model is the possibility to adjust the volume of the burning pellets and the easy change of the power of the combustion chamber.

The construction of the burner is simple, easy to manufacture, install and maintain.

In addition, the design of the combustion chamber allows the creation of a directed flow of primary fuel air, which on the one hand provides a more complete combustion of pellets, and on the other hand helps to more efficiently remove burned pellets and ash from the combustion grate.

2779 UI

Explanation of the attached figures

The utility model is illustrated in more detail by an exemplary embodiment of the combustion chamber and the primary combustion grate, given as non-limiting examples of the utility model, with reference to the attached figures, where:

Figure 1 is a partial sectional perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a combustion chamber for a pellet stove with gravity loading, according to the utility model.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the preferred embodiment of the combustion chamber of Figure 1;

Figures 3a and 3b are perspective views of preferred embodiments of a burner according to the utility model;

Figures 4a and 4b are longitudinal sections of the preferred embodiments of the burner of Figures 3a and 3b;

Figures 5a and 5b are longitudinal sections of the preferred embodiment of a burner of Figures 3a and 4a with different volume of the fuel zone;

Figures 6a and 6b are axonometric views of a preferred embodiment of a primary combustion grill according to the utility model, top and bottom;

Figure 7 is an axonometric view of an embodiment of the second grill according to the utility model.

Examples of implementation and operation of the utility model

Thus, as used in the present description and claims, the words "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "back", "forward" are not restrictive and reflect the usual working position of the combustion chamber. By "front" is meant the side of the combustion chamber facing the fuel air openings of the stove, which are located on the door in the front wall of the stove. "Rear side" means the side of the combustion chamber open to the inside of the stove, communicated directly, for example with a secondary combustion chamber, a heat exchange chamber and / or a flue. When used "back" means the direction to the rear of the combustion chamber.

The angles of inclination indicated in the description and claims are given in relation to a horizontal plane.

The regulation of the power of a pellet stove with gravity loading, according to the utility model, is based on a change in the volume of the combustion zone (the volume of the burning pellets) in the combustion chamber. When pouring the pellets by gravity through a loading hole in the upper wall of the combustion chamber, they occupy space limited below by a primary combustion grate, on the sides of the chamber walls, in front of a guide barrier, which is preferably inclined back to the combustion zone. At the rear, the pellets are not limited and form a natural slope of the embankment, which has an angle of inclination of about 45 ° and accordingly starts from the rear end of the charging hole in the upper wall of the combustion chamber and rests on the primary combustion grate. In this way, when ignited, a volume of bulk pellets burns, which is limited at the rear between the lower end and the upper end of the natural embankment, and at the front by the front end of the primary combustion grate and an area in the front bulkhead located about 10 mm above the front fuel air hole. (Figures 5a and 5b). This volume remains approximately constant and determines the combustion zone as well as the power of the combustion chamber. When burning some of the pellets, their volume is filled by new pellets by gravity.

The utility model envisages the regulation of the power of the combustion chamber to be carried out by changing the range of the combustion zone, respectively the volume of burning pellets. The adjustment is made, for example, by means of a second height-adjustable transverse bulkhead inclined at an angle of 80 ° to 60 ° extending from the rear end of the pellet loading opening downwards to the primary combustion grate without reaching it. The size of the second bulkhead in the vertical direction and in particular the vertical position of its lower edge determines the beginning of the natural slope of the pellet embankment, and hence the volume of the fuel zone. When increasing the second barrier in the vertical direction, respectively approaching its lower edge to the grate, reduces the volume of the combustion zone by pulling the front of the embankment in the direction of the front hole of the combustion chamber and reduces the volume of burning pellets 21 (Figure 5a ). Conversely, by reducing the second barrier and pulling its lower edge upwards, the height of the

2779 UI the natural slope of the embankment and the occurrence of its forehead to the rear of the combustion chamber, thus increasing the volume of the combustion zone 21 (Figure 5b). The size of the second baffle can be adjusted in different ways, for example by changing plates of different sizes or by a movable plate adapted to be moved, for example by a system of levers, in a vertical direction with the possibility of locking in a desired position.

An additional possibility to adjust the power of the combustion chamber is by changing the access of fuel air to the combustion zone, for example by changing the position and / or configuration of the front fuel air vents located at the bottom of the guide barrier, in front of the grill bar. primary combustion and / or in the gap between them. The guide barrier blocks the flow of fuel air entering through the front of the combustion chamber and directs it down to the underside of the primary combustion grate. In this way, the combustible air enters mainly from below into the combustion zone, through the slots of the primary combustion grate, but also through the front fuel air vents. By providing more front openings for access of fuel air in the lower part of the guide barrier, the height of the fuel zone is increased, and the volume of the burning pellets and the power of the stove are increased accordingly.

According to the utility model (figures 1 and 2), the combustion chamber of a pellet stove with gravity loading is energy independent. The combustion chamber has an upper wall 23 with an opening for gravity feeding of pellets in its front part, located under a pellet hopper 27, side walls 24, a rear wall 25 and a front wall with an opening door and at least one opening for primary air. The combustion chamber has a front part including a primary combustion zone and a rear part with a secondary combustion zone. The exhaust vent 29 may be located at the rear of the upper wall of the chamber, above the secondary combustion zone or may be located at the rear wall 25 of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber has a top-down removable burner 1 with a primary combustion grate 6, a second pellet afterburner 14 located in the primary combustion zone under a primary combustion grate 6 and an ash container 15 located at the bottom of the chamber. At the rear of the combustion chamber of at least one of its side walls is provided at least one opening 26 with a secondary air cover located above the ash container 15 and below the burner 1, which is closed by rotating about an eccentrically located axis or by sliding a slide principle (not shown in the figures).

The combustion chamber according to the utility model can be installed in various combustion systems, for example as part of a fireplace or pellet stove, in central heating systems and others.

Preferably, the combustion chamber according to the utility model is made of steel.

In the example shown in the figures, the burner 1 (figures 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b) of the combustion chamber has an almost square cross section. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the shape of the burner may be different, for example with a trapezoidal, rectangular, hexagonal or other cross-section. The burner shown has a height H and two side walls 4 connected to an upper wall 3, which has an opening for loading the pellets 2 in its front part. The front of the burner is open to the fuel air vents. In an embodiment of the combustion chamber in which the flue 28 is located above the secondary combustion zone, an opening for the exhaust gases 9 is provided in the rear part of the upper wall of the burner 3, coinciding with an opening 29 in the upper wall of the combustion chamber (figure 3a), and the rear side of the burner is closed with a wall 5. In an embodiment of the combustion chamber in which the flue is located on its rear wall, the exhaust opening 9 is located in the rear wall of the burner 5. In the exemplary embodiment given in Figure 3b, the exhaust opening 9 is located in the lower part of the rear wall 5 of the burner at a distance from the upper wall of the burner b3 equal to about 1 / 2H to 1 / 3H. This construction provides a substantially horizontal route of air flow from the front fuel air opening, through the combustion zone to the rear of the combustion chamber.

The underside of the burner is open to the ash container.

Preferably the walls of the burner are> 3 mm thick.

The burner is mounted with the possibility of

2779 UI removal from the combustion chamber. In the embodiment shown in the figures, laterally directed steps 12 are provided at the lower ends of the side walls 4 of the burner, which lie on elongated support elements 20 in the side walls 24 of the combustion chamber, in the form of beams or rails. A variant in which there are no steps is also possible, and the lower edges of the side walls 4 of the burner lie directly on the support elements 20 in the side walls 24 of the combustion chamber. For easier removal of the burner, one or more handles or handles may be provided in the front of the burner. For example, as shown in Figures 3a, 3b, 4a 4b, a metal rod 13 is mounted transversely to the front of the burner as a handle. Removing the burner is important on the one hand for its easy cleaning and maintenance, and on the other hand for the replacement of the removable elements for regulating the power of the burner.

Preferably, a gap of 2 to 25 mm is provided between the side walls 4 of the burner and the side walls of the combustion chamber 24. This gap serves to insulate the burner and protect the walls of the combustion chamber from overheating.

In the burner there is a removable grill with slots for primary combustion 6 of the pellets. The primary combustion grate 6 is inclined backwards and downwards at an angle of 10 ° to 20 °, preferably 12 ° to 15 °. The primary combustion grate 6 extends back to the secondary combustion zone at the rear of the combustion chamber. The front part of the surface of the primary combustion grate 6, on which surface the pellets lie, is located at a distance hl from the upper wall 3 of the burner 1, hl being equal to from 2/3 to 3/4 of the height H of the burner 1 ( figures 4a and 4b). The slits of the grate 6 are of such a size as to retain the whole pellets and to pass the partially burned pellets, the dimensions of which are smaller than the unburned ones.

In the front part of the burner there is a guide barrier 7, located transversely to the side walls and limiting the opening for loading pellets 2 in front. The guide barrier 7 is a flat inclined plate extending from the upper side of the combustion chamber to the primary combustion grate. The inclination of the guide barrier is from 80 ° to 60 ° to the horizontal, preferably 60 °. The guide barrier 7 on the one hand serves to direct the pellets coming from the loading opening to the combustion zone 21 located on the primary combustion grate 6, and on the other hand to direct the primary fuel air coming from the holes in the front wall of the combustion chamber to the lower side of the grill for primary combustion 6.

At least one front fuel air opening 10 is provided in the boundary zone between the guide barrier 7 and the primary combustion grate 6. The front fuel air opening may be, for example:

- a number of through holes in the lower part of the guide barrier 7 (not shown in the figures);

- a gap 10 between the guide barrier 7 and the grill for primary combustion 6;

cracks in the curved front of the primary combustion grate 6.

The openings and slots for fuel air must be dimensioned so as not to allow the pellets to fall out through the openings.

A combination of the above variants of the front fuel air vent is also possible.

The combustion zone 21 of the combustion chamber is bounded by the side walls 4 and the guide barrier 7 at the front. At the rear, the combustion zone 21 is not limited and is determined by the natural slope of the pellet embankment, which is about 45 °. Ideally, the rear of the combustion zone is a plane inclined below 45 ° to the horizontal, extending transversely to the burner. At the top, the fuel zone 21 is defined by an irregular surface extending between the upper end of the natural slope of the embankment to an area at the front of the guide barrier 7 located about 10 mm above the uppermost fuel air opening 10, as shown schematically in figures 5a and 5b. This is determined by the fact that the combustion in the volume of pellets spreads to the place where the combustible air reaches.

To limit the volume of the fuel zone (the volume of burning pellets), a second barrier 8 is provided, extending from the rear of the loading opening downwards without reaching the primary combustion grate 6. The distance between the lower

2779 UI the end of the second baffle 8 and the primary combustion grate 6 must be at least 35 mm. The second baffle 8 may be a flat transverse plate inclined backwards from 80 ° to 60 ° to the horizontal. Most preferred is the variant in which the second barrier 8 is parallel to the guide barrier 7 and is inclined at an angle of 60 °. The second baffle 8 is height-adjustable, depending on its height dividing a different part of the height of the burner 1. In a preferred embodiment, the second baffle is a replaceable platinum, having a set of plates of different sizes, which change depending on the required height of the partition. In another embodiment, the second barrier is a plate that is mounted in the burner with the possibility of vertical movement, wherein the degree of barrier is determined by lowering or raising the second barrier. For example, the plate of the second baffle may move at an angle in guide mounting grooves provided in the side walls of the burner, the plate being driven by a system of levers mounted in the upper part of the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the guide barrier 7, the second barrier 8 and the primary combustion grate 6 are mounted in guide mounting grooves cut symmetrically in the side walls 4 of the burner 1 at a corresponding angle. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the primary combustion grate 6 is mounted by placing the transverse support beam 19 in the grooves in the side walls 4 used for mounting and on the guide barrier 7, which is placed above the transverse supporting beam 19 of the grate 6. For this purpose, the transverse support beam 19 is longer than the width of the primary combustion grate 6 and protrudes on both sides.

The burner according to the utility model is suitable for use not only in the combustion chamber, according to the utility model, but also in other combustion chambers and pellet stoves of different construction. In addition, the burner, according to the utility model, can be used in the conversion of existing stoves, combustion chambers and fuel systems to adapt them to work with pellets.

The primary combustion grate 6, according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model, consists of a plurality of adjacent heat-resistant steel rods 18, which at one end are inseparably connected to at least one transverse steel support beam 19. The bars 18 are arranged alternately in two different planes parallel to each other, the slots of the grate being formed by the gaps between the bars (Figures 6a and 6b). The gaps between the rods are selected so as not to allow easy burning of unburned pellets from the grill. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the front ends of the rods 18 are curved upwards and form an angle between 10 ° and 20 ° is the horizontal, the transverse support beam 19 being located above the upper plane of the rods and the gaps between the curved parts of the rods forming the front hole for fuel air.

It is possible for the primary combustion grate to be composed of two parallel parts, one part consisting of rods located in one of the planes which are connected at one end to a transverse supporting beam, the other part including the rods located in the other plane, which in turn are connected at their analogous end to another transverse supporting beam. When mounting the grille, the two transverse support beams touch each other tightly.

A second grill 14 for afterburning the pellets, the slots of which are smaller than the slots of the primary combustion grate, is located under the removable primary combustion grate 6. The second grate 14 is located at a distance h2> W / 2 from the first grate 6, and W is the width of the second grate 14. The slits of the second grate 14 are dimensioned to retain the partially burned pellets. This ensures two-zone combustion and more complete combustion of the pellets. The second grill 14 is inclined backwards and downwards at an angle of 10 ° to 20 °, preferably 12 ° to 15 °. Preferably, the second grill 14 is substantially parallel to the primary combustion grate 6. The second grill 14 may be composed, for example, of a plurality of adjacent steel rods which at one end are inseparably connected to at least one transverse support beam of steel. In the variant of the second grate 14 shown in Figure 7, the rods coming out of the supporting beam are bent downwards at an angle of 45 ° - 60 °, and then bent upwards at an angle of 30 ° - 45 ° to form the inclined

2779 UI top of the second grill, which is parallel to the inclined surface of the primary combustion grate. The rear rods are free. In the embodiment of the figure, the two end bars of the second grate are not bent and serve as mounting elements, the rear ends of which enter into tubular elements 20 corresponding in shape and size, attached to the side walls of the combustion chamber. Preferably, said tubular elements coincide with the support elements 20 of the burner 1.

In one embodiment, the second grill 14 is shorter than the primary combustion grate 6. In this embodiment, a horizontal plate 10 is arranged below the rear of the primary combustion grate 6, in the area projecting backwards from the end of the second grill 14, serving for afterburning of pellets. The horizontal plate 10 is arranged so that its leading edge rests above the rear end of the second pellet grill 14, at a preferred distance of 10 mm forward. In this way, it prevents the unburned pellets from falling directly into the ash container 15. In this embodiment, an additional air opening 22 can be provided in the side walls of the burner to the primary combustion zone located immediately above the rear of the grill. primary combustion 6 in the part above the horizontal plate 10. In Figures 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b the additional opening 22 is shown as a horizontal slit of length equal to the width of the horizontal plate 10 and located directly above it.

In a preferred embodiment, the ash container 15 is two-section with a front section located below the primary combustion zone and a rear section located below the secondary combustion zone separated by a vertical transverse partition wall 16. Above the partition wall 16 is a vertical transverse shielding wall. a plate 17 extending to the underside of the burner without touching the primary combustion grate 6 or to the horizontal plate 10 below the primary combustion grate 6. Thus a horizontal air gap is formed. Between the rear end of the second grate 14 and the shielding plate 17 there is a space of about 10 to 15 mm for free falling of the ash from the rear end of the second grate 14. The partition wall 16 of the ash container 15 and the shielding plate located above it serve to block the air flow and directing it upwards to the burning pellets on the primary combustion grate 6 and the gap between the shielding plate 17 and the horizontal plate 10. This ensures directing the entire air flow to the main combustion zone on the primary combustion grate 6 and the gap , between the horizontal plate under the grill for primary combustion 6 and the vertical shielding plate 17, serves for free passage of the gases from the afterburning of the pellets on the second grill 14.

The advantage of using pellets as fuel is that they are environmentally friendly, burn more efficiently, can be dosed and do not require frequent refueling.

An ignition means, such as a lighter, may be provided in the combustion chamber to ignite the fuel.

Action of the utility model

The combustion chamber according to the utility model operates as follows (the operation of the chamber is described on the basis of the preferred embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2).

The pellets are loaded into the burner of the combustion chamber by gravity through the loading holes from the pellet hopper. The pellets occupy a space limited by the guide barrier 7, the upper opening 2 and the primary combustion grate 6, forming a natural slope of the embankment at the rear of the chamber. The second barrier 8 limits the beginning of the natural slope of the embankment and determines the volume of the fuel zone 21. Depending on the desired power of the stove is selected and the height of the second barrier 8. If less power is needed, the second barrier 8 is lowered (in in this case a larger plate is placed), and if more power is required, the second baffle 8 is raised (in this case a smaller plate is placed). Additionally, the power can be adjusted by providing through holes in the lower part of the guide barrier or a gap 10 between the guide barrier and the primary combustion grate. After ignition of the pellets, the combustion thrust and the path defined by the vertical barriers creates a horizontal air flow from front to back through the combustion chamber, which maintains the combustion and helps to

2779 UI easier removal (blowing) of ash and partially burned pellets from the grills in the primary combustion zone. Combustion can also be regulated by supplying secondary air to the secondary combustion zone through the adjustable openings.

The reference numbers of the technical features are included in the claims only for the purpose of increasing the comprehensibility of the claims and, therefore, these reference numbers have no restrictive effect on the interpretation of the elements indicated by these reference numbers.

Claims (15)

A horizontal burner for a pellet combustion chamber with a gravity charge of height H, having a front part with a primary combustion zone and a rear part with a secondary combustion zone, the burner comprising: - an upper wall (3), in the front part of which there is an opening for loading pellets (2); - two opposite side walls (4) and a rear wall (5); - open front side for fuel air supply; - exhaust outlet (9); - open lower side for removal of solid waste from pellet incineration; - a removable primary combustion grate (6) in the primary combustion zone with multiple slots; - a guide barrier (7) for guiding the pellets and limiting the opening for loading pellets at the front, extending transversely between the two side walls (4) and from the upper side of the burner to the grill for primary combustion (6); - at least one front air inlet located in the contact zone of the guide barrier (7) and the primary combustion grate (6), characterized in that: - the primary combustion grate (6) is inclined backwards at an angle of 10 ° to 20 °, preferably 12 ° to 15 °, and its front part is located at a distance hl from the upper wall (3), the hl being equal to from 2 / 3H to 3 / 4H; - the guide barrier (7) is a plate inclined at an angle of 80 ° to 60 °, and - there is also a second baffle (8) limiting the opening for loading pellets at the rear, the second baffle (8) being a height-adjustable vertical or inclined at an angle of 80 ° to 60 ° plate extending transversely to the burner between the two side walls ( 4) and on the upper side of the burner to not more than 35 mm from the primary combustion grate (6), the volume-adjustable combustion zone for primary combustion of the burner being limited between the primary combustion grate (6), the side walls (4) , the guide transverse bulkhead (7) at the front, and an inclined plane of about 45 ° extending from the lower end of the second bulkhead (8) backwards and downwards to the primary combustion grate (6). Horizontal burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide barrier (7) and the second barrier (8) are parallel to each other and inclined at an angle of 60 °. Horizontal burner according to Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a horizontal plate (10) extending between the side walls of the burner (4) is located immediately below the rear part of the primary combustion grate. Horizontal burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front fuel air opening is formed as a gap (11) between the guide barrier (7) and the primary combustion grate (6). Horizontal burner according to Claim 1, characterized in that the front fuel air opening is designed as a through hole in the lower part of the guide barrier (7). Horizontal burner according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the exhaust opening (9) is located in the rear part of the upper wall of the burner (3). Horizontal burner according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the flue gas opening (9) is located in the rear wall of the burner (5). Primary combustion grate for a gravity-charged combustion chamber burner according to claims 1 to 7, consisting of a plurality of adjacent heat-resistant steel rods (18) with gaps between them inseparably connected at one end to at least a transverse steel support beam (19), the bars being arranged alternately in a checkerboard pattern in two different, parallel to each other equal 2779 UI, in which the slots of the grill are formed by the gaps between the rods. Primary combustion grate for a gravity-charged pellet stove combustion chamber according to claim 8, characterized in that the front ends of the rods (18) are bent upwards at an angle between 80 ° and 60 °, such as the transverse support beam ( 19) is located above the upper plane of the rods, and the gaps between the curved upward parts of the rods form a front opening for fuel air. 10. Gravity-charged pellet combustion chamber having a front portion with a primary combustion zone and a rear portion with a secondary combustion zone comprising: - upper wall (23), with a hole for loading pellets by gravity in the front part; - two opposite side walls (24), rear wall (25), lower wall; - front wall with opening door with opening for combustible air; - exhaust outlet (29); - at least one secondary air vent (26) in the secondary combustion zone; - a burner (1) with a primary combustion grate (6) according to claims 1 to 7, mounted for disassembly in the upper part of the combustion chamber; - a second removable grill (14) with slits for afterburning of the pellets, with width W, mounted in the combustion chamber under the grill for primary combustion (6) at a distance h2> W / 2, the slits of the second grill being smaller than the slits of the grill for primary combustion (6); - an ash container (15) at the bottom of the chamber. Pellet combustion chamber according to claim 9, characterized in that the ash container (15) is two-section with a front section located below the primary combustion zone and a rear section located below the secondary combustion zone separated by a vertical transverse a partition wall (16), a vertical transverse shielding plate (17) extending above the partition wall extending to the underside of the burner without touching the primary combustion grate, whereby between the rear end of the second grate (14) and the shielding plate (17) has a gap of 10 to 15 mm. Pellet combustion chamber according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the exhaust opening is located in the rear part of the upper wall of the combustion chamber above the secondary combustion zone, wherein the burner is according to claim 6. Pellet combustion chamber according to claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the exhaust opening is located in the rear wall of the combustion chamber, and the burner is according to claim 7. Pellet combustion chamber according to claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a gap with a width of 2 to 25 mm is provided between the side walls of the burner and the side walls of the combustion chamber. Pellet combustion chamber according to claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the primary combustion grate (6) of the burner is a grill according to claims 8 or 9.