BG2642U1 - Appliance for decreasing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emitted by internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The appliance for decreasing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in internal combustion engines can find application in transportation vehicles, which are driven by internal combustion engines (benzene, diesel, butane, methane, hybrids). Through additional combustion components the burning process of ICE is improved significantly, and a quicker and more effective burn is achieved, which leads to a multiple positive effect. 1 claim, 1 figure

Description

(54) CARBOXY REDUCTION AND CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION DEVICE SEPARATED BY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (57) The device for reducing carbon (petrol, diesel, propane butane, methane, hybrid). The additional fuel components dramatically improve the combustion process of internal combustion engines, more complete and efficient combustion, which leads to a multi-stage positive effect.

claim, 1 figure

2642 UI (54) CARBOXY AND CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION DEVICE EQUIPPED FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Field of technology

The utility model refers to a device to reduce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (as well as other harmful emissions) emitted by internal combustion engines (internal combustion engines). These are vehicles that run on internal combustion engines (petrol, diesel, LPG, methane, hybrid).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The problem of air and soil pollution with harmful car waste is particularly acute throughout the world, and in the European Union in particular. The standards for harmful gases in the European Union will become too strict. A small part of the manufactured makes and models of cars meet these requirements at the same time as fuel economy and especially those with high power.

The European Commission has adopted a requirement to reduce nitrogen oxides by 70% compared to 1999. This applies to all cars, including powerful limousines. The new EU standard requires that greenhouse gas emissions be reduced from 25% to 50%.

The use of catalysts (catalytic converters) is known, but they are depreciated periodically, are relatively expensive, reduce efficiency. and they have no fuel economy, on the contrary. Gas fuel (liquefied gas) is also used, but it is constantly becoming more expensive and not environmentally friendly enough.

Electric cars still have limited mileage and need to be recharged frequently.

Hybrid internal combustion engines (liquid fuel or gas) plus electric traction are also being developed, as well as various combinations, including hydrogen cells with brown gas, to significantly reduce harmful emissions.

Cars are also being experimented with in the laboratory, using only water as the main fuel, but facing insurmountable technical problems in the modification of internal combustion engines.

The proposed utility model is related to a prototype patent BG 60723, publ. January 31, 1996

"Device for reducing carbon monoxide emitted by internal combustion engines", which includes: an electrolysis box 1 with electrodes 5 connected to a battery 18. The connection of the electrodes 5 to the battery 18 is made by a contact switch 15, switch 14 placed above the accelerator pedal. Next to the electrolysis box 1 is placed a vessel 2 containing a mixture of water and methyl alcohol. Inlet pipes 6 and 7 are immersed with one end in the electrolysis box 1 and the vessel 2, respectively, and their other ends by means of a distributor 16 are connected to a common inlet pipe 8 for hot air and balancing pipe 11. Above the level of electrolysis solution in the electrolysis box 1 is placed one end of the outlet pipe 9, and above the level of the mixture of water and alcohol in the vessel 2 is placed one end of the outlet pipe 10, the other ends of the outlet pipes 9 and 10 are connected to a common pipe 12, which by distributor 17 is connected to the balancing tube 11. The common tube 12 is connected to the motor.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the proposed utility model is to create a device to reduce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other harmful emissions from internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel, gas), while reducing the consumption of basic fuel without changes in engine design and with use of additional DC sources for increased efficiency in all operating modes.

The device according to FIG. 1 consists of an electrolysis box with electrolyte solution and electrodes connected to the car battery (respectively the alternator) at low speeds or downhill and to additional DC generators 19 at high speeds and braking mode. These low-power generators are installed either in a suitable place in the transmission with the lowest resistance moment - as a second alternator, or as a turbogenerator driven by exhaust gases (it is possible to operate both generators simultaneously in parallel mode). In hybrid electric vehicles, drive motors can be used as generators in braking mode for increased efficiency.

2642 UI (kinetic energy is converted into direct current and not released as heat in conventional brake mechanisms with ferro-pads, further polluting the environment). The direct current to the device is supplied through a fuse (P) through relay 20.

The operation modes are controlled by the ignition key 15, an additional switch above the accelerator pedal 14 and the stop light switch 14A, as in the prototype.

An integral part of the device is an additional vessel with a mixture of water, alcohols, acetone and other inlet pipes to the two vessels immersed in the solutions and outlet pipes above the level of the solutions connected in a common pipe 12, which together with the outlet pipe 12A and the diaphragm 5 A for separate hydrogen supply are connected to the suction manifold (SC). It does not matter whether the engines are carburetor or injection, gasoline or diesel, as well as gas, because the multi-stage positive effect created by hydrogen and additional components in minimal quantities dramatically improves the combustion process in internal combustion engines (the combustion mechanisms themselves are complex and not can be elementary explained).

The main goal is not to replace the main fuel, but to dramatically improve the combustion process, more complete and efficient combustion, increase efficiency. and engine life.

The advantages of the device are that with a simple design and cheap raw materials drastically reduces harmful emissions of carbon monoxide, dioxide and other harmful gases in all modes of operation of internal combustion engines, while saving fuel. The more the main fuel (diesel, gasoline, gas) pollutes the environment, the greater the positive multi-stage effect of the application of the proposed utility model. This has been confirmed experimentally.

Explanation of the attached figure

Figure 1 shows the device according to the utility model.

Exemplary implementations of the utility model

According to the figure, the device comprises an electrolysis box 1 with an electrolyte solution of sodium or potassium base and graphite or graphene electrodes 5 (possibly platinum mesh), a partition-diaphragm 5A between the electrodes, the battery 18 and additional direct current generators 19 through a fuse (P) by relay 20. Next to the electrolytic box (maybe in a common housing) is located vessel 2 with a mixture of water and 30% to 50% additional components such as methyl (ethyl, butyl) alcohol, acetone and others. The inlet pipes 6 and 7 are immersed with one end in the solutions (electrolyte and the mixture of additional fuel components), and the other ends are connected by a distributor 16 in a common inlet pipe 8 connected to the hot air hose from the engine. The outlet pipes 9, 10, 10A are located with one end (extended in a drop-catching sphere) above the level of the solutions (on the lid of the boxes), and their other ends 9 and 10 are united by the distributor 17 in a common outlet pipe 12, which in parallel with pipe 10A are connected to the intake manifold (SC) of the engine. The distributors 16 and 17 are connected to each other by a balancing tube 11 and a valve 13 for regulating the additional fuel mixture (this unit is not required for injection engines).

On the lid of the boxes there are also openings with stoppers 3 and 4 for pouring the solutions.

To enhance the multi-stage positive effect of the device, up to 3% methyl or 5% to 7% ethyl (butyl) alcohol or petroleum ether up to 10% can be added to the main engine fuel, which has been practiced for years, especially in countries with large and cheap alcohol production.

The operation of the device according to fig. 1 is the following.

When the engine is switched on with the ignition key 15, hydrogen and oxygen are released in box 1. From the created vacuum air enters the suction manifold through the inlet pipe, which is distributed through the pipes 6, 7 and 11, bubbles through the solutions in both vessels and entrains hydrogen. , oxygen, alcohol, acetone, water and other vapors from the two vessels 1 and 2 and through the outlet pipes 9,10,10A supply additional gaseous fuel mixture to the engine. At low speeds (low vacuum) switch 14 is on and the combustion process is improved mainly by the separate supply of hydrogen and oxygen through

2642 UI tubes 10 and 10A. The additional electricity consumed for the electrolysis is compensated when descending a slope or by the additional generators 19.

At medium and higher speeds, switch 14 interrupts the power supply from the battery so as not to overload the main alternator and turns on the additional generators. At the same time, the bubbling of the liquids in both vessels increases (high vacuum) and more alcohol, water, acetone and other vapors are drawn through the tube 9, as well as additional amounts of oxygen and hydrogen through tubes 10 and 10A during more intensive electrolysis. This leads to a significant activation and improvement of the combustion process in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine and a sharp reduction of harmful emissions (up to 10 times), as the consumption of additional fuel mixture is insignificant.

The technical precautions when feeding minimal amounts of hydrogen, alcohol and acetone vapors to the internal combustion engine are similar to those when using liquefied gas (methane or propane-butane) as the main fuel, but significantly reduced because there is no accumulation under high pressure.

In the technical implementation (structural design) of the device can be used the principles of autogas systems, widely installed in Bulgaria, as well as various models of electrolysis boxes - hydrogen cells (see the Internet, where the technical progress of these applications is obvious). According to FIG. 1, we have proposed for the first time a conceptual principle useful model of a device for multi-stage positive effect on the combustion process in an internal combustion engine through additional fuel components fed in an appropriate manner and in an appropriate ratio. The balancing tube 11 regulates the stoichiometric composition (only for carburetor petrol engines) by means of an additional amount of air through the valve 13 in order to avoid over-enrichment of the total fuel mixture (air plus petrol emulsion plus additional fuel mixture). The valve and key position 14 and 14A are adjusted to idle.

In the case of injections, this adjustment is automatic, and a second computer can be added, similar to the autogas injections.

The device is characterized by a significant reduction in carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other harmful emissions of internal combustion engines with increased efficiency. of all operating modes, creating an electrolysis circuit with DC sources additional generators 19, driven by the kinetic energy of the vehicle and the exhaust gases - turbogenerator and additional fuel component to the water-alcohol solution in a certain ratio of acetone.

Claims (5)

Device for reducing carbon monoxide emitted by internal combustion engines, consisting of an electrolysis box and a vessel with a solution of water and alcohol, characterized in that the electrolysis box (1) in which the electrodes are located (5) connected to a rechargeable battery (18), via a contact switch (15), a switch (14) mounted above the accelerator pedal, and the vessel (2), are connected via a distributor (16), with inlet pipes (6 and 7) to a common inlet pipe (8), for hot air and a balancing pipe (11), which is connected to the outlet pipes (9 and 10) in the distributor (17) and through the common outlet pipe (12) is connected to the carburetor drain pipe. Application: 1 figure Literature 1. BTA "Science and Technology", issue 9 (3-9.III. 1979. Hydrogen bus, David Scott, "Popular Science", New York, p. 26: "... with a content of only 4% hydrogen in the fuel mixture the consumption of petrol decreases by 25% ... ”. 2. BTA "Science and Technology", 25-31.V.1984, p. 15: "... specialists from the Institute of Isotope and Molecular Technology in Cluj have achieved promising results in the use of hydrogen as a thermal catalyst in fuel mixtures for internal combustion engines. Experiments have shown that a 5% addition of hydrogen reduces the consumption of gasoline by as much as 20% ”, p. 15. 3. BTA "Science and Technology", 17-23.XI. 1979, no. 46. Hydrogen displaces gasoline. According to "Technology and Science", Moscow, A. Mavlenkov. " ... the addition of a few percent hydrogen to ordinary fuel dramatically activates the process 2642 UI of combustion and thanks to this significantly reduces the harmful substances in the flue gases: 3-4% hydrogen reduces carbon monoxide 5 times and dioxide - 4 times compared to the permissible norms, and nitric oxide is completely absent. 4. In addition to these old but still current quotes, anyone can read a large number of publications with the latest research in this field on the Internet - from the simple addition of liquid components to the main fuel to engines powered entirely by water. A different efficiency is achieved. and a different eco-effect, but so far there is no completely environmentally friendly car with sufficient mileage. 5. The detailed review, summarizing a large number of literature sources studied by the authors in connection with the problem to be solved, is as Appendix 1 in the main file of the claim for invention. Note: In 1985, the authors of patent № 60723 B2 first proposed a cheap and safe solution to the problem of harmful gases in internal combustion engines and now we confirm this in a new application for an advanced model of the device, following the following principles: 1. The problem is becoming more and more relevant on the basis of the existing huge fleet worldwide and the solution of the environmental problem for internal combustion engines produced so far. Not everyone can be stopped from moving. 2. Direct electrolysis of water in the car and use of hydrogen and other additives without accumulation under pressure. 3. Small amounts of additional components in the intake manifold significantly improve the combustion process in the cylinders of internal combustion engines with savings on the main fuel and increased efficiency.