BG1210U1 - Installation for production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model can be used in thermo-electric power stations, where large amounts of waste gypsum are accumulated during the purification of fume gases with limestone. In the installation, gypsum is treated to obtain ammonium sulphate, which can be used as fertilizer and antipyren. The main part is the conversion reactor, where gypsum gets conversed into ammonium sulphate and calcium carbonatein a reaction with ammonium carbonate at a temperature of 70 degrees C. The treatment of the waste product CaSO4. 2N20 is carried out with ammonium carbonate according to the formula: SaSO4. 2N20 + (NH4)2CO3 = SaSO3 + (NH4)2SO4 + 2N2O. The reactor works like a clarifier, keeping up clean fluid in the upper zone and thickened thin slurry in the lower zone. The purified fluid is injected and led up in circulation. The fluid moving upwards meets the small crystals that grow into large agglomerates and are fed to a three-section filter for separation of calcium carbonate from the liquid ammonium sulphate.

Description

Technical field

The utility model can be applied in thermal power plants where a large amount of gypsum waste accumulates when flue gas is treated with limestone.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Gypsum is produced by limestone treatment of sulfur dioxide-rich gases emitted into the atmosphere from thermal power plants. Now gypsum is being dumped into tailings ponds, sediments, relief depressions, polluting the environment. In the sediment / '' Black Lake '' it does not sink, but remains on the surface and spreads from the winds and the stela above the plane that turns white. A small part of gypsum is used for the production of building materials mortar plaster, gypsum plaster and cement. A plasterboard plant is currently under construction that will consume a small amount of gypsum.

Now the amount of gypsum is 600 thousand V per year, but soon after the remaining 6 units of TPP - 2 will be emitted, another 1.5 million t / year will be thrown away. More will be discarded by the remaining 3 TPPs after the treatment plants have been put into operation. There will be a total of over 4 million tonnes / year. gypsum from plants in the Thracian Plain.

The technical nature of the utility model

This useful model describes a plaster treatment plant / waste product / for the preparation of ammonium sulfate, which can be used as fertilizer and flame retardant (wood impregnating agent). The installation for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum consists of an absorption column, a carbonation column, a mixer, a conversion reactor, a filter, pumps, granulators and tumble dryers.

A useful model relates to an installation for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum, in which the main part is a conversion reactor. It converts gypsum to ammonium sulfate. The conversion reactor is a cylindrical body ending in a cone at the bottom, and a smaller cylinder at the top.

It is encased in a heat jacket to automatically maintain at 70 ° C and to create optimal conditions for the processes in it.

A useful model relates to an installation for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum, in which the filter is used to separate ammonium sulphate from calcium carbonate. It is a calcium carbonate filter.

Explanation of the attached figure

Figure 1 shows a utility model which is an installation for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum.

The installation for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum consists of an absorption column, a carbonation column, a mixer, a conversion reactor, a filter, pumps, granulators and tumble dryers. The major part in it is the conversion reactor 4, where the gypsum is converted to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate by reaction with ammonium carbonate at a temperature of 70 ° C. The conversion reactor is a cylindrical body ending in a cone at the bottom. The upper part has a smaller cylindrical body in which well homogenized gypsum and ammonium carbonate are supplied from the mixer. The mixture was introduced into the reactor from the bottom of the small cylindrical body. It falls to the bottom, where it is activated by a frame distributor. The reactor is coated with a heat casing that maintains an automatic temperature of 70 ° C.

The reactor operates similarly to a clarifier, maintaining a clean liquid in the upper zone and a thick slurry in the lower zone. The clarified liquid is separated from the reactor ceiling and injected into the bottom by pumping and converting upward with the conversion reactor pump (PCR). This upward flow welcomes the small crystals and promotes their growth into larger agglomerates. These heavier agglomerates precipitate at the bottom where they form a thickened slurry. They are pumped to a calcium carbonate filter to separate the by-product calcium carbonate from the liquid ammonium sulfate.

Examples of implementation of the utility model

Through the installation, a series of technological actions, operations and

1210 W modes in which separate actions are performed.

The processes run in the following order:

1. Preparation of (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO _{3 solution} as:

- first, in the absorption column 1, mix ammonia with washing liquid (weak ammonium sulfate solution);

- the resulting highly ammoniated solution is fed to the carbonation column 2, where it is mixed with CO ₂ to give ammonium carbonate.

2. In mixer 3, gypsum and ammonium carbonate are fed, which are stirred to homogenize the solution.

3. The homogenized mixture is introduced into the feed cylinder of the conversion reactor

4. In the reactor, the circulation of the fluid is maintained with the pump (PCR).

4. Conversion of gypsum to ammonium sulphate and calcium carbonate by reaction with ammonium carbonate (NH ₄ ) ₂ CO ₃ at 70 ° C.

5. Separation of ammonium sulphate from calcium carbonate by filter 5, the latter being connected on the one hand, in succession with a granulator 7 for granulation of calcium carbonate and with a dryer 8 for drying the granules of calcium carbonate, on the other hand, filter 5 is connected in series with a precipitator 9 to precipitate the ammonium sulphate solution, a granulator 10 to granulate the ammonium sulphate, and a dryer 11 to dry the ammonium sulphate granules, the filter 5 being further connected to a pump 6 for pumping the washing liquid and introducing the washing liquid. and in the absorber ion column 1. The washing liquid is diluted with water with a solution of ammonium sulfate.

Claims (3)

Claims An installation for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum, characterized in that it consists of a sequentially coupled absorption column (1) to obtain an ammonia solution of ammonia and a washing liquid such as water or a weak solution of ammonium sulphate, a carbonation column (2) ) to produce ammonium carbonate, mixer (3) for mixing gypsum with ammonium carbonate, conversion reactor (4) to produce ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate, and a filter (5) for separating ammonium sulfate from calcium carbonate, whereby (5) is connected by one side, in succession with a granulator (7) for granulation of calcium carbonate and with a dryer (8) for drying the granules of calcium carbonate, on the other hand, the filter (5) is connected in series with a precipitate (9) to precipitate the ammonium sulfate solution. , with a granulator (10) for granulating the ammonium sulfate and with a dryer (11) for drying the granules of ammonium sulfate, the filter (5) being further connected to a pump (6) for pumping the washing liquid and introducing it into the absorption column (1). Plant for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that the conversion reactor (4) for converting the gypsum into ammonium sulphate is a cylindrical body ending in a cone at the bottom and in the upper part smaller cylinder, and that it is encased in a heat jacket to automatically maintain at 70 ° C and to create optimum process conditions in the reactor. Plant for the production of ammonium sulphate from gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter (5) for separating ammonium sulphate from calcium carbonate is a calcium carbonate filter.