BG112826A - Machine for chemical treatment of polymeric wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

It is intended for the chemical industry for heavily contaminated polymeric materials, mainly with a porous structure and the need for soaking and repeated treatment. The machine comprises a washing chamber (1), including a main body (2), with an upper cylindrical part (3) with a cover (4) and a lower conical part (5), to whose small base (6) is mounted a cylindrical filter housing (7) with an upper (71) and a lower flange (72). Above the lower flange (72) there is a recirculation outlet (9) connected to a pump (10), followed by a supply pipeline (11) from a recirculation circuit (12). There is a flood gate (13) under the lower flange (72). The two housings (2, 7) have thermal insulation shells. In the washing chamber (1) there is a mechanical stirrer (17) of opposite tubular elements (18) with a shape corresponding to the internal shape of the main body (2), carried by a central tubular element (20) with an upper end connected to a gear motor. (21) and with a lower end with two radially asymmetrically inclined blades (22) located in the filter housing (7). The inclined blades (19) are fixed to the tubular elements (18). The cover (4) has a supply opening (23) and an inlet opening (24) for water. At least two pipes (25, 26) inclined with respect to the central tubular element are mounted to the cover (4), closed at their lower end and with an upper end above the cover (4). The pipes (25, 26) have a perforation along their length, located in the washing chamber (1). At least one of them is recirculating (25) and at least one other is solution-supplying (26).

Description

MACHINE FOR CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF POLYMERIC WASTE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The machine is intended for use in the chemical industry for the treatment of highly contaminated polymeric materials when it is necessary to wash polymers with a porous structure and especially when it is necessary to soak and repeat chemical treatment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various machines are known in the art, each of which is intended for processing-washing specific materials or for carrying out specific chemical processes. In this case, the known machines perform a continuous mode of operation, as the material to be washed is fed continuously into the washing chamber, washed and removed continuously from the machine after the completion of the washing process.

From the known state of the art there is no known machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste, which allows industrial processing of batches depending on the specific type of material to be treated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved with the invention is to create a machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste, which allows for an industrial multi-stage treatment process and its full automation.

The problem is solved with a machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste, which includes a washing chamber. According to the invention, the washing chamber is formed by a main body comprising an upper cylindrical part with a cover and a lower part in the shape of a truncated cone, the small base of which is at the bottom. A filter housing is mounted to the small base, in which a filter grid is placed. The filter housing is cylindrical with upper and lower flange, and its mounting to the small base of the main housing is done through its upper flange with bolted connections. Immediately above the lower flange of the filter housing is a recirculation outlet connected to a pump, followed by a supply line from a recirculation circuit. A slide is mounted to the lower flange of the filter housing. Both housings - the main housing and the filter housing are covered by respective thermal insulation shells. In the dishwasher chamber there is a mechanical stirrer consisting of opposite tubular elements to which inclined blades are fixed, and the tubular elements have a shape corresponding to the internal shape of the main body and are carried by a central tubular element. The upper end of the central tubular element is connected to a gear motor, and its lower end, ending with two radially asymmetrically inclined blades, is located in the filter housing. A feed opening for the processing material is formed in the cover lid, as well as an inlet opening for water. At least two tubes, inclined in relation to the central tubular element, closed at their lower end and with an upper end located above the covering lid, are mounted to the cover. The lower ends of the inclined tubes are located at a height to the middle of the conical part of the main body and at a distance from each other, at least 1/3 of the diameter of the dishwasher in the same place. The tubes have a perforation along the length, the perforation being on the part located in the dishwasher. At least one of the inclined pipes is recirculation and at least one other is solution supply.

The recirculation circuit is formed by the recirculation outlet connected to the pump, after which the supply pipe is located, which has a drainage diversion to the water treatment and wastewater treatment plant and through respective valves is connected to the recirculation pipe alternatively - directly and through a heat exchanger.

Preferably, the machine also has an automatic control system.

The mechanical stirrer preferably has a reversible mode of operation.

It is a good idea to attach a "high level" sensor to the cover in the dishwasher.

The advantages of the machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste, according to the invention, consist in the created possibility to carry out several consecutive chemical treatments in the same machine in a "batch" process, achieving high purification of the polymers, especially those with a porous structure. The machine allows full automation of industrial processing, drainage and replacement or refreshment of used solutions during processing.

BRIEF EXPLANATIONS OF THE DRAWINGS fig. 1 is a vertical section of a machine according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a view along AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 - sample schematic diagram of the machine in working mode

EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste comprises a washing chamber 1. According to the invention, the washing chamber 1 is formed by a main body 2 comprising an upper cylindrical part 3 with a cover lid 4 and a lower part 5 in the shape of a truncated cone. below. A filter housing 7 is mounted to the small base 6, in which a filter grid 8 is placed, as shown in fig. 1. In the example shown, the filter housing 7 is cylindrical with an upper 71 and a lower flange 72. Its mounting to the small base 6 of the main housing 2 is effected by its upper flange 72 with bolted connections. Immediately above the lower flange 72 of the filter housing 7 is a recirculation outlet 9 connected to a pump 10, followed by a supply line 11 of a recirculation circuit 12. To the lower flange 72 of the filter housing 7 is mounted a gate 13. It can be a pneumatic gate, driven by a pneumatic cylinder or electrically driven. In FIG. 1 shows an example using a pneumatic slide. Both housings - the main housing 2 and the filter housing 7 are covered by respective thermal insulation shells 14, 15. For mounting the machine at its designated place, mounting heels 16 are provided, fixed to the main housing 2, as shown in fig. 2 | FIG. 3. The mounting heels 16 have a shape selected by the relevant person skilled in the art and are subject to customary design, and their configuration is not the subject of the invention and will therefore not be discussed in detail in the present description.

In the dishwashing chamber 1 there is a mechanical stirrer 17, composed of opposite tubular elements 18, to which are inclined blades 19. In the example shown, the blades have an inclination of 45 °, but depending on the specific application of the machine and the type of construction, it can be another suitable slope selected. In some embodiments and depending on the specific materials being processed, the uppermost blades are designed to have a reverse slope relative to the others. The tubular elements 18 have a shape corresponding to the internal shape of the main body and are carried by a central tubular element 20, the upper end of which is connected to a gear motor 21 to drive the mechanical stirrer 17. As a preferred embodiment, the mechanical stirrer 17 has a reversible mode. work. Preferably, the speed of its movement is in the range between 2-4 rpm. The central tubular element 20 has a lower end located in the filter housing 7 and ending with two radially asymmetrically inclined blades 22.

In the cover cover 4 of the main housing 2 is formed a supply opening 23 for feeding the material for processing, as well as an inlet opening 24 for water. At least two tubes 25, 26 inclined relative to the central tubular element 20 are mounted to the cover cover 4, with an upper end located above the cover cover 4. The inclined tubes 25, 26 are closed at their lower end. Their inclination relative to the central tubular element 20 is 15 °, as shown in FIG. 1 example. The lower ends of the inclined tubes 25, 26 are located at a height to the middle of the conical part 5 of the main body 2 and at a distance from each other, at least 1/3 of the diameter D of the dishwasher 1 in the same place - the middle of the conical part 5 In the specific example, this distance is about 645-655 mm. The tubes 25, 26 have a perforation 27 in length, the perforation 27 being located in the dishwasher 1. The tubes 25, 26 are intended for feeding solutions and for recirculation. Hereinafter, the names solution supply pipe 25 and recirculation pipe 26 are used. Depending on the particular embodiment, the perforated inclined pipes may be 2 or 3, at least one of which is solution solution 25 and at least one is recirculation pipe 26.

The recirculation circuit 12 is formed by the recirculation outlet 9 connected to the pump 10, after which the supply line 11 is located, which has a drainage diversion 28 to a water treatment and wastewater treatment plant 29. Further, the supply line 11, through respective pneumatic (or solenoid) valves 30 and manual valves 31, shown by their technical designations in fig. 3, is connected to the recirculation pipe 25 alternatively or directly via GV1, GV2, GV3 and GV9; or through the valves with technical designation GV1, GV2, GV3, GV5, GV6, GV7, GV8 through a heat exchanger 32 to maintain the temperature in the machine. The heat exchanger 32 is connected to an energy holding 33.

It is good to have a sensor (not shown) for the "high level" in the washing chamber 1 on the cover cover 4. The sensor can be of any type offered, for example a wave sensor. An automatic control system is also included as a preferred embodiment.

USE OF THE MACHINE FOR CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF POLYMER WASTE

The machine works with external heating of the solutions. It is suitable for working with solutions with pH from 3 to 12 and temperature from 5 ° С to 90 ° С (atmospheric mode of operation). It is recommended that the processed materials have a size of 5 mm to 40 mm, which provides high quality chemical treatment.

Typically, certain parameters such as: material / solution ratio; concentration of the solutions to be used for the treatment; the required temperature of the solution; process duration are entered into the automatic control system.

The required amount of water is fed into the dishwasher chamber 1 of the machine, and after 30 seconds the mechanical stirrer 17 is switched on and the supply of material through the supply opening 23 and the corresponding solution through the solution supply pipe 25 starts. Usually, the washing chamber 1 is filled with material and solution lasts up to 5 minutes. The amount of material, water and solution supplied is controlled outside the machine.

In FIG. 3 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of the operating mode of the machine.

The material stays in the machine, a cycle of chemical treatment with a first solution is performed, after the required time the solution is drained by leading through the recirculation outlet 9, the pump 10 and the drainage diversion 28 of the supply line 11 to the water treatment and purification station. wastewater 29. In drainage mode GV1, GV2, GV4 are open and all other mechanized valves are closed. The intended second solution, which is usually different from the first, is then fed, the material remaining in the washing chamber 1. In the same order, cleaning is carried out with different solutions in a corresponding number of cycles, without the treated material leaving the washing chamber 1. After the last cycle of treatment, the solution is drained and the washing chamber 1 is emptied by opening the slide 13, as the material is removed from it. By reversing the direction of rotation of the mechanical stirrer 17, the emptying process is facilitated.

This is followed by loading the machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste with a new batch of material for treatment in the order already described above.

When it is necessary to heat the material and solutions located in the dishwasher 1, the recirculation circuit 12 is switched on through the heat exchanger 32. In this mode are open:

- shut-off valves GV1, GV2, GV3, GV5, GV6, GV7, GV8, GV10, GV11, CV2 and GV12;

- The operating mode of the pump is set with valve CV1.

- GV4 and GV9 are closed.

The machine according to the invention makes it possible to carry out a multi-stage mode with different durations of the individual treatments, the total duration of which determines the hourly capacity of the machine.

Claims (5)

A machine for chemical treatment of polymer waste, comprising a washing chamber, characterized in that the washing chamber (1) is formed by a main body (2) comprising an upper cylindrical part (3) with a cover (4) and a lower part (5) in the form of a truncated cone, the small base (6) of which is at the bottom, wherein a filter housing (7) is mounted to the small base (6), in which a filter grid (8) is placed, such as the filter housing (7). ) is cylindrical with an upper (71) and lower flange (72), and its mounting to the small base (6) of the main body (2) is carried out through its upper flange (71) with bolted connections, immediately above the lower flange ( 72) on the filter housing (7) is located a recirculation outlet (9) connected to a pump (10), followed by a supply line (11) of a recirculation circuit (12), and to the lower flange (72) of the filter housing (7). a damper (13) is mounted, in which both housings the main housing (2) and the filter housing (7) are covered by respective thermal insulation covers. strips (14, 15), and in the washing chamber (1) is located a mechanical stirrer (17), composed of opposite tubular elements (18), to which are fixed inclined blades (19), and the tubular elements (18) have shape corresponding to the internal shape of the main housing (2) and are carried by a central tubular element (20) with an upper end connected to a gear motor (21) and a lower end located in the filter housing (7) and ending with two radially asymmetrically inclined vanes (22), in which a feed opening (23) for the processing material as well as an inlet opening (24) for water is formed in the cover cover (4), and at least two are mounted to the cover cover (4). inclined to the central tubular element (20), tubes (25, 26) closed at their lower end and with an upper end located above the cover (4), the lower ends of which are located at a height to the middle of the conical part (5) on the main body and at a distance of at least 1/3 of the diameter of the dishwasher (1) in the same place The pipes (25, 26) have a perforation (27) in length, the perforation (27) being located in the dishwashing chamber (1), at least one of which is recirculating (25) and at least one other solution-supplying (26). Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the recirculation circuit (12) is formed by the recirculation outlet (9) connected to the pump (10), after which the supply line (11), which has a drainage diversion, is located. 28) to a station for water treatment and wastewater treatment (29) and through respective valves is connected to the recirculation pipe (25) alternatively - directly and through a heat exchanger (32). Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that an automatic control system is also included. Machine according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the mechanical stirrer (17) has a reversible mode of operation. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that a "high level" sensor is mounted in the dishwashing chamber (1) on the cover (4).