BG112050A - A method and a marking (imaging) of inquiry and protection against fraud and falsification, using encrypted changes in the dimentional positioning of certain encoded elements of the image - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and marking (image) used for checking and protection against falsification via coded alterations in the spatial orientation of elements of the applied marking, as to also a method of checking and controlling encrypted alterations in special alignment of certain coding elements of the image (the marking), by decoding and comparing in order to authenticate originality against falsification.

Description

The invention relates to a method and marking (image) for checking and protecting against counterfeiting by means of an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of elements of the applied marking, as well as to a method for checking and controlling an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements of the image ), by deciphering and comparing to certify originality against counterfeiting.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various methods are known for protection against counterfeiting by modifying the characteristics of visible marking elements (image). For example, patent document BG63518B1 discloses a device for recording one and several, one- and multi-level, two- and three-dimensional multimedia encrypted markings on documents, securities and the like to protect and control their originality. The cited device makes it possible to encrypt in a visible number by shifting elements, numbers or perforation points. Document BG6352B1 discloses a multimedia tag with hidden information obtained by a different step of shifting or shifting certain elements of the tag.

This document does not show encryption by achieving a large total diversity in the possible digital interpretations of the spatial changes of elements of the security markings (images). No other documents are known to provide protection against counterfeiting by means of an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements of the image.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to provide a method and marking (image) for protection against counterfeiting by encrypted alteration in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements of the image (marking) and encryption of information for subsequent control and protection against counterfeiting. This is done through a great total variety in the possible digital interpretations of the spatial changes of selected elements of the security markings (images).

In modern methods of encryption, confusion and diffusion are two important properties in providing reliable encryption, where confusion is hiding the relationship between the elements of the explicit and the elements of the encrypted text, while diffusion is the spread of the influence of explicit elements on the encrypted text. In order to achieve these primary principles, it is necessary to impose transformations of enormous variety and thus maximize the cost of a probabilistic attack on the system in order to disclose encrypted information and create a false copy of the security element.

Let's consider the most common case in which we have an image composed of elements, dots or others that are located in the space of the image and make it up. In the present method, certain elements of the image are selected, forming a group of encryption elements of the image, and each of the selected elements is assigned a set of possible positions in two, three or multidimensional space. The positions of each element set in this way do not leave the space of the image and do not change its visual representation, in other words, the image remains the same as visual perception. The resulting set of positions is a major initializing factor in the implementation of the encryption process, determining the positions in which each element of the group of encryption elements can be located. For each position of the set of positions belonging to each element of the group of encryption elements is assigned a specific numeric, alphanumeric or other representation. The specific representation for each position may be as a specific geometric shape, or as parts of a binary, binary-decimal or other code or number system. The digital representation made in this way sets the possibilities for performing permutations (combinations) on the interpretation of the positions and hence for realizing a great total variety in the choice of different combinations for each encryption element.

A certain combination of the digital representation is set for each of the encryption elements, and the given combination plays the role of a key for performing the encryption. The encryption combination can be generated at random, by randomly selecting a variation of the digital representation of the positions of each encryption element.

The information to be encrypted in the image is converted to a sequence of characters (elements) of the specified digital representation for the positions of the encryption elements. Each character of the resulting sequence of characters determines the spatial location relative to the original position of one or more encryption elements. This change of the spatial arrangement is carried out according to the respective set combination (key) of digital representation for the respective encryption elements. As each character is associated with its matching character from the digital representation of the corresponding encryption element, hence the digital representation character is associated with the corresponding position and determines the spatial location of the encryption element in two, three or multidimensional space of the received encrypted image.

The verification is performed by reverse decryption. Initially, the spatial position of the encryption elements relative to their original position in the encrypted image is determined. Based on the position thus defined and the corresponding combination (key) for each of the encryption elements, the corresponding character of the digital representation is determined. The resulting sequence of characters is converted to the information encrypted in the image. The decrypted information obtained is used for subsequent control and authentication against forgery.

The encrypted image thus obtained may be a serial number, logo, sign or other graphic image or marking on the protected object. And the information encrypted in the image itself can be unique data personalizing the protected object itself.

The macro (image) for protection against counterfeiting by means of an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements is composed of elements, points or others located in space. The macro (image) includes selected encryption elements that are formed into a group of encryption elements with a given set of positions in two, three or multidimensional space. These items have a numeric representation, which includes numbers and characters. The choice of these positions must be such that they do not overlap or overlap the positions of their adjacent elements or go beyond the space of the image itself, so as not to change its visual representation.

This change of the spatial arrangement is carried out according to the respective set combination (key) of digital representation for the respective encryption elements. As each character is associated with its matching character from the digital representation of the corresponding encryption element, hence the digital representation character is associated with the corresponding position and thus the spatial location of the encryption element in the two, three or multidimensional space of the the resulting encrypted image.

The encryption information is converted to the characters of the digital representation, and the transformed information is obtained by transformation. Each of the characters of the transformed information determines the position of an element in the group of encryption elements.

The advantages of the present invention are that it provides the opportunity to achieve a great total variety of combinations of digital representations - encryption keys for each mark (image). This in turn creates extremely high reliability in terms of attempts to unauthorized manipulation, decryption or imitation of the security marking.

WITH EXPLANATION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURES

Figure 1. Displays encryption in a mark (image) representing laser microperforation by changing the position of marker elements in the two-dimensional space.

Fig. 2 Depicts the decoding and verification of a mark (image) representing laser microperforation by changing the position of the marking elements in the two-dimensional space.

Fig. 3 Illustrates encryption by means of different variants of the possible encryption positions in the marking (image)

Fig.4 Shows encryption in marking (image) by transforming from three-dimensional to two-dimensional space to achieve more combinations of digital representations.

Fig. 5 Shows the protection of the passport by means of a marking (image), which is a micro-perforation of the face of the passport holder.

EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

One of the exemplary embodiments of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 1, where we have an image (1) representing laser micro-perforation of a serial number on the protected object. From each of the characters of this serial number, two elements (2) are selected, which represent encryption elements and form the group of encryption elements (3). For the thus obtained group of encryption elements (3) a set of possible positions (4) is set. These positions determine the possible position of the element, in this case in two-dimensional space. The choice of these positions must be such that they do not overlap or overlap the positions of their adjacent elements or go beyond the space of the image itself. In the given embodiment, the positions are nine in the two-dimensional space. The center is the position where the elements (2) in the image (1) are normally located. For these positions (4) a numerical representation (5) is set, and for each position from top to bottom, from left to right, a number from "0" to "8" is set. In the next step, the combination (6) of digital representation (5) is set for each of the elements (2) of the group of encryption elements (3). This combination (6) represents the encryption implementation key. This key (6) is formed by random permutations of (6.1.) To (6.8) for each corresponding encryption element (2) of the group of encryption elements (3).

The encryption information (7) is converted to the digits of the digital representation (5), transforming from a decimal to a ninth number system and obtaining the converted information (8). Each of the characters of the transformed information (8) determines the position of an element (2) of the encryption group (3). As the first sign "1" at 6.1. defines position 1, top left of the first encryption element, and the last character "6" at (6.8) defines a position represented by a character "6", ie. straight down from the central position.

The encrypted image (1) thus obtained is intended for protection of a stock (9), where the encrypted information represents the value of this stock (9) and is applied by means of laser micro-perforation on the stock.

While in Fig.2. the process of decryption and authentication is shown. We have action (9), with micro-perforation of the encrypted image (1). Find the position of each encryption element (2) of the group of encryption elements (3) in a given set of positions (4), comparing its position with the positions of the surrounding elements of the image. In the case of the first element (2) is at the top right. The position at the top right corresponds to the "1" sign of the permutation (6.1.) Of the key (6), which is the "1" sign. This is repeated for all elements (2) of the group (3) and the converted information (8) is obtained, then (8) is converted from a ninth to a decimal system to obtain the encrypted information (7). Encrypted information (7), which is the value of the share, is compared with the value written on the share and the originality is certified.

Finding the position of an encryption element (2) can be done by using a magnifying glass and a grid to determine the position of (2), then through a code table to determine the sign of (6) and get the converted information ( 8) and hence the encrypted information (7). Another option is to use a camera or image sensor controlled by a personal computer, capturing the image (1), processing it with software using standard methods for image processing and determining the position of the elements (2) of the group of encryption elements ( 3), deciphering through the key (6) and comparing the information (7) is that on the stock.

In Fig.Z. another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The image (1) is a sign in the form of a company logo on a label (10), which is placed on a product for protection against counterfeiting. This logo is a collection of dots. From these points the elements (2) are selected, which form the group of encryption elements (3). For each element (2) two variants of a set of possible positions (4) are set, respectively (4.1.) And (4.2.) And also the respective sign-digital representations (5). For each specific marking, the corresponding combination (key) (6) of the different permutations of the digital representations (5) is set for each of the elements (2) of the encryption group (3). As (5.1.) And (5.2.) Alternate to obtain (6.1) and (6.9). We have a batch number that represents the encryption information (7). The encryption information (7) is transformed into the transformed information (8) by transforming a number into a sign and a number into a number, the number determining the number of the letter and there the letter itself, they. sign. Each sign of (8) determines the position of the corresponding element (2) according to the key (6). As "I" by means of (6.1) sets the position marked with "I" and so with each element of the group (3). The image (1) is then applied by inkjet printing to the label (10). The decryption for verification is performed in the reverse order, the key (6) being required.

Another embodiment is given in Fig. 4, where the position (4) is represented in the three-dimensional space (domain). Let us have an object of protection, which is an identity card (11). It is protected by the image (1), which represents the ID card number. The encryption elements (2) are selected, which constitute the group of encryption elements (3). A set of positions (4) of the encryption elements (2) is set, which are represented within a cube in the three-dimensional space. This set of positions (4) is transformed into a two-dimensional space of positions (4.1). The transformation is performed by moving positions in one plane by selecting the type of projection, orthogonal, polar or unfolding of projection planes, etc. standard methods. The resulting set of positions (4) is assigned a character-numeric representation (5), which includes the digits 0 to 1 and the characters A to H to obtain all the characters of the hexadecimal number system. Due to the larger number of characters in the alphanumeric representation, it is possible for a significantly higher number of permutations of the alphanumeric representation for the set of positions and hence for a larger number of combinations for the key, which leads to greater reliability. A key (6) is generated from different permutations of (5). The encryption information (7) is the sum of the date of issue and the date of validity of the document. By converting from decimal to hexadecimal system (7) it is reduced to the converted information (8). As the signs from (8) determine by means of the key (6) the position of the elements (2) from the group of encryption elements (3). The image (1) is applied to the ID card by laser engraving.

In Fig.5. The following embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The protected object is a passport (12). The image (1) is an image of the face of the passport holder, represented by elements that represent points. From them the encryption elements (2) are selected, which make up the group of encryption elements (3) and a set of positions (4) is assigned to them. The thus obtained set of positions (4) is assigned the alphanumeric representation (5). A combination (key) (6) is generated.

The encryption information (7) is a set of personal data of the passport holder - name, surname and surname, in order to eliminate the forgery of the information on the passport. The information (7) is represented as numbers by converting the characters from letters to numbers, as the irregularity of the letter corresponds to the corresponding number. The transformed information is then obtained by transforming from a decimal to a ninth system (8). The signs of (8) determine the position of (2) in the image (1), which is applied to the passport as a laser micro-perforation.

APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

The invention has a wide range of applications that are related to the protection against counterfeiting and counterfeiting of securities, banknotes, personal documents, such as ID cards, passports and others. Also to protect various types of goods against counterfeiting and to certify their originality.

Claims (3)

1. A method of protection against counterfeiting by means of an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements of the image (marking) and encryption of information for subsequent control and protection against counterfeiting, characterized in that it comprises: - selection of certain elements of the image, forming a group of encryption elements of the image; - setting a set of possible positions of each of the thus selected encryption elements in the two- or multidimensional space; - assigning a numeric, alphanumeric or other representation of each of the selected items; - setting a combination (key) of the digital representation for each of the encryption elements; - converting encryption information as a sequence of characters from a given numeric representation for the positions of the encryption elements, wherein each character in the sequence of characters determines the spatial location from the original position of one or more encryption elements according to the corresponding set combination of digital presentation for these encryption elements. 2. A method for checking and controlling an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements of an image (marking) and encrypted information, by decryption and comparison to verify originality against counterfeiting, characterized in that it comprises: - determining the spatial location of the encryption elements in relation to their original position; - determining the corresponding character from the digital representation of the sequence of characters by means of the set combination (key) for the respective encryption element; - conversion of the received sequence of characters to the encrypted information in the image for subsequent control and protection against falsification. Macro (image) for protection against counterfeiting by means of an encrypted change in the spatial arrangement of certain encryption elements of the marking according to claims 1 and 2, composed of elements, dots or others located in the space, characterized in that: the marking (1) includes selected encryption elements (2), which are formed in a group of encryption elements (3) with a given set of positions (4) in two, three or multidimensional space, these positions (4) having set digital representation (5), which includes numbers and characters, in addition, an integral part of the marking is a combination (6) of digital representation (5) for each of the elements (2), which is an implementation key for encryption, by which a set encryption information (7) is transformed into a transformed information (8), the signs of the transformed information (8) determining the spatial arrangement of one or more of the encryption elements (2).