BG111512A - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREVENTION OF AUTOMATIC CONSEQUENCES BY WARNINGS FOR HAZARDOUS HAZARDS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTROL FUNCTIONS, THROUGH THE "E-CALL" SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the prevention of road accidents by warning drivers of road hazards and performing control functions by means of the "e-Call" system. The method allows drivers to perform the following actions: operational recording of areas for passing with caution (ZPVV) at the subjective discretion of the driver or as a result of automatic warning from the eCall / I NS device; operative deletion of a pre-recorded ZPPV at subjective discretion during an automatic alert from the eCall / INS device; control of LPV using a personal computer connected wirelessly or via USB to the system. The method allows by analyzing the data from the GRS / inertial system to identify and signal to the driver the following risk situations: falling of the car in vertical resonance when passing through successive road bumps (waves); attempting to avoid an obstacle or passing through single bumps in the road; approaching a pre-recorded ZPPV; receiving a preventive message sent by an operator of the "National System 112", having specialized software informing about the approach of the area of the accident, which is signaled by e-Call device through a telecommunications operator; receiving a preventive message for an established administrative violation through an encrypted control function. The method is used in the event of an accident (accident) or in other situations where there is a risk of such, as well as in committing administrative violations by the driver. The sequences of operations and data analysis described in the method allow for early warning of the driver about risky situations and timely and adequate response on his part, to prevent accidents, as well as reminders to perform administrative duties, such as renewal of liability insurance ".

Description

METHOD OF PREVENTION OF CAR ACCIDENTS BY WARNING DRIVERS FOR DANGERS ON THE ROAD AND FOR PERFORMANCE OF CONTROL FUNCTIONS, BY “SYSTEM”

I. Field of technology

The invention relates to a method for car accident prevention based on a sequence of actions, operations and algorithms for detecting risk situations and warning the driver, based on information from GPS / inertial navigation system (GPS / INS) installed in the car , the eCall system for automatic calling to the single emergency number 112 and the mobile operators, as well as for performing control functions, through which administrative violations committed by drivers are registered and signaled.

II. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. There are GPS / INS navigation systems that are used to track and archive the movement of vehicles in certain situations, but which do not signal traffic accidents. They mainly contain a GPS receiver, MEMS-sensors, a microcontroller, a memory and a modem or interface for data transmission.

Based on these systems, the IEEE 1616 standard has been introduced in the United States, which aims to standardize the output and interfaces of these devices. It describes a number of parameters that can be recorded in the time interval around the accident, as well as requirements for the operation and durability of these GPS / INS systems. Requirement <- »- А * ^! Ж ~ * аИяЧ ^ Й ^ фй> 3 * МИ <£> Й * ^| * а ^ 1; »» ¹ Я'ЯЗаИ№ ^ У ^ /1^.6 devices, both to monitor and analyze the parameters to determine the presence of an accident, and to assess its severity. However, the recorded data and the assessment are intended for use only by special authorities (medical teams, police, investigators, insurance agencies, etc.) and only in exceptional cases by the owner / driver of the car. Also, devices complying with IEEE 1616 have the task of monitoring and storing parameters related to the accident, but not to prevent it by analyzing archived data from GPS / INS in real time and alerting the driver to the possibility of a risk. situation.

The disadvantages of the systems built on IEEE 1616 are that it is not possible for the devices to be at the service of the driver to prevent (prevent) the accident, the Z axis is not monitored in the time interval before the accident and the accident trigger defined in the standard is insufficient in some situations such as a collision between a car and a pedestrian or cyclist, or a collision between a truck and a van.

This system does not provide for administrative control functions, such as registration for paid electronic vignette, paid taxes, insurance and annual technical inspection.

2. By decision of the European Commission, the HeERO-2 project with a term of up to 2015 is in the process of implementation. This project aims to put into operation a pan-European system ("eSa11") for automatic or manual timely signaling in case of accidents through a combined GPS / GSM mobile device installed in the car, called an “eCall device”. The automatic message to the single emergency number 112 (TS12) is generated as a result of a signal from the source of the accident message (open airbag) and contains a certain set of data related to the accident, such as location, car information, owner and other required data according to regulations. installation of the “eCall” system.

The disadvantages of these modules are that only the airbag system is relied upon to detect accidents, only a limited set of data is monitored, and that, as in IEEE 1616, there is a lack of functionality to prevent accidents. These facts make the HeERO-2 project less comprehensive than the IEEE 1616, where an INS system is available. It allows for the analysis and archiving of a large number of parameters and a more accurate analysis of an accident, but even in this project there are no administrative control functions.

III. Technical essence of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a method comprising a certain sequence of actions, operations and algorithms for processing the information received from the GPS system, the inertial sensors and the data from the national eCall system. Through the analysis of this information, both the cases of road accidents and the risk situations in which there is a danger for such are determined and registered. The information is used for preventive referral of the driver in case of accidents, as well as for sending and / or receiving through a telecommunication system a warning from / to other drivers in the area, using the mobile (on-board) eCall device. A set of protected encrypted control functions is also maintained, through which administrative violations by drivers are signaled and registered.

In accordance with the invention, this task is solved by a sequence of operations enabling the driver to perform the following actions:

1) Operational recording of areas for passing with caution (31SHV ¹ ) due to automatic warning by the eCall / INS device and / or at the subjective discretion of the driver;

2) Operational deletion of pre-recorded LS1B at subjective discretion during automatic warning from the eCall / INS device;

3) Operational management and input of data for 31111B, as well as recording of protected and encrypted data, certified by authorized bodies, for the performance of administrative duties and payments, using a personal computer connected wirelessly or via USB to the system, or by uses flash memory with encrypted information.

All sections of the road with increased risk of accident / incident such as footpaths, schools, homes for the disabled, sections of the road with naturally formed or artificially placed irregularities, etc. are considered to be areas of caution. other points under strict control or of special interest, at the subjective discretion of the driver.

The automatic warning for taking action is performed on the basis of data analysis and identification of the following situations:

1) Fall of the car in vertical resonance when passing through successive irregularities on the road (waves);

2) Attempt to avoid an obstacle or passing through single bumps on the road;

3) Approaching a pre-recorded LPPV;

4) Receipt of a preventive message sent by an operator from the "National System 112", having specialized software, informing about the approach of an accident area, which is signaled by an e-Call device through a telecommunications operator;

5) Receiving a preventive warning and / or notification of an established administrative violation through a secure encrypted control function.

1. ACTION 1 is based on the fact that in case of signaling by the device for an established risk situation or in another situation in which the driver at his own discretion decides that he wants to be reminded when approaching the current location (point of special interest or requiring caution), it has the ability to manually initiate a record of the coordinates by pressing the "Save" button.

Pressing the "Record" button once starts a sequence of operations for recording the coordinates of the current ZPPV, recording a signal flag only when approaching the same section in the same direction of movement. If the "Record" button is pressed twice within a pre-set short time interval, a sequence of operations is started to record the coordinate of the current ZPPV, recording a flag for signaling when approaching the same section and for the reverse direction of movement. Successful recording is signaled to the driver by sound and light.

2. ACTION 2 is based on the fact that during the signal for approaching a pre-stored LRP, the driver has the opportunity to reject this LRP by pressing the "Delete" button.

This is done by following the "Delete" button after an alarm within a certain time interval (for example 30 seconds). If it / Ш <$ is pressed, the currently stored 3111 IB is deleted from the memory and no warnings will be received for it in the future.

3. ACTION 3 is based on the ability of the driver to add, delete and edit the stored LPPV, stored in memory, as well as recording protected and encrypted data, certified by authorized bodies, for the performance of administrative duties and payments.

This is done by connecting to a personal computer via a wireless interface or via USB, providing access to stored locations using specialized software. With encrypted flash memory, data on performed administrative obligations and / or payments can be entered.

The situations for which signaling is performed are defined in the following order:

SITUATION 1 is based on the fact that with a certain combination of mass, speed and elasticity of the suspension and when going through successive bumps, the car may fall into vertical resonance. This significantly reduces the adhesion of the tires to the road and creates a risk of slipping in a certain condition of the road surface. The inertial system registers this resonance based on the change of the acceleration along the axis Ζ and signals audibly and lightly this result of the driver analysis. At his discretion, he can record this place as the ZPPV and the system can remind him when he approaches this section again. In the event of an accident as a result of such a situation, the analysis of the data could exonerate the driver.

Vertical resonance is established by assessing whether the shape of the signal along its axis resembles a diverging sine wave with a certain coefficient of divergence and similarity coefficient and whether the maximum value of acceleration exceeds a predetermined one, at which the traction between tires and road decreases to a certain limit. relative to normal driving conditions.

SITUATION 2 is based on the fact that when trying to avoid an obstacle or unevenness, the driver usually presses the brake sharply and / or tries to get around the obstacle with an unnaturally sharp maneuver, which after analysis can be registered. If the driver fails to avoid the obstacle, this can also be registered by the inertial system.

This is done by establishing an unnaturally large value of the car's acceleration on one of the axles. Simultaneous analysis of data from more than one axis is also performed. When a certain negative value of the acceleration along the X axis is detected (sharp decrease of the speed before an obstacle), as well as subsequent accelerations along the Z axis (passing through the obstacle) or successive accelerations along the Y axis with inverse signs and close values (attempt to avoid obstacle by maneuver), the device registers the situation as risky and signals audibly and lightly the fact of the driver. At his discretion, he can record this place as the ZPPV and the system can remind him when he approaches this section again. In the event of an accident as a result of such a situation, the analysis of the data could exonerate the driver.

SITUATION 3 is based on the fact that when approaching a section of the road, which is pre-recorded in the memory as ZPPV, sound and light signaling of the driver is performed to be warned to pass with increased attention and / or limited speed.

This is done by constantly monitoring the current location and direction of movement of the car and comparing them with the data stored in memory. If the approach of a pre-recorded UAV is detected, for which a one-way signal is marked and the current direction of movement coincides with the direction of movement from the moment of recording of this UPS, the driver is signaled audibly and light. If the approach of a pre-recorded checkpoint is detected, for which a two-way signaling is marked, regardless of the direction of movement, the driver shall be signaled by sound and light.

SITUATION 4 is based on the fact that when establishing an automatic eCall connection with the single number 112 due to an accident or establishing a manual eCall connection when the driver finds a situation that poses a danger to road users, to be warned that passengers in area to increase their attention and limit speed.

NM / s

This is done by establishing a manual or automatic eCall connection with an operator from the 112 exchange, he has the option to send a warning message to all drivers located in the same mobile cell with a large area of the cell or to drivers from several neighboring cells when their areas are smaller. The warning message contains the GPS coordinates of the location from which the eCall connection was initiated. Also, such a message can be sent to nearby drivers and via a direct radio interface for short-distance communication, if any in eCall devices.

Upon receipt of such a message, a sequence of driver signaling operations is started. The message is decoded and GPS coordinates are extracted from it, compared with the current position and direction of movement of the vehicle and if it is close to the accident and moving in the direction of it, the driver is warned by sound and light.

SITUATION 5 is based on the fact that when the driver is in an administrative violation, he should be automatically warned to be able to take the necessary corrective action.

If such actions are not performed and in the presence of relevant regulations, the relevant control body should be notified. This can be done by using a specially protected and encrypted control function, which detects violations committed by the driver based on the data received from the eCall system. In case of an established violation, an alarm is turned on to the driver and he is given the opportunity to take corrective actions. If after the alarm the driver does not take measures to fulfill the administrative obligation, a message is sent, containing data about the car and the type of violation, to the relevant control body (traffic police, etc.) via the GSM modem available in the eCall system. The violations found by the driver can be traffic without paid vehicle tax, traffic without a valid Civil Liability Insurance, traffic without a valid annual technical inspection, traffic on national roads without a vignette, etc.

The advantages of the method for prevention of car accidents by warning drivers of dangers on the road and to perform control functions through the "e-Call" system are that they create conditions for timely and adequate response of the driver by signaling when approaching in advance. memorized location requiring caution or limited speed; Prerequisites for timely and adequate reaction of drivers are created by signaling when receiving a warning on a telecommunication channel from other vehicles, for the presence of accidents, obstacles, road failure or other risky situations and create preconditions for timely and adequate reaction and undertaking of corrective actions by the driver in establishing an administrative violation committed by him.

IV. Description of the attached figures

Description of the blocks from fig.1:

- Mobile e-Call device containing GPS receiver, MEMS-sensors, microcontroller, external memory and modem for mobile communication

- Base station of a mobile operator

- Telephone exchange of a mobile operator

- Server of the National Service for Unified Emergency Telephone 112

- Operator station at the National Assembly tel. 112

- Source of accident report (airbag, MEMS)

- Information from traffic situations

- Specialized software for analysis of road situations

- Alarm unit

- Driver of a vehicle

- Recording information

- Delete information

- Entering information

- Warning message generator

-Block for protected encrypted control functions (electronic vignette, paid taxes, insurance, technical inspections, etc.)

- Backup unit

Q V. An example of implementation of the utility model is presented in Fig.1:

The mobile device for electronic call in case of accident mobile e-Call device 1, containing GPS receiver, inertial MEMS-sensors, microcontroller, external memory, modem for mobile communication, etc., transmits information through the base station of mobile operator 2 and the telephone exchange of mobile operator 3 to the server of the National Emergency Service telephone 4, reaching the stations of the operators 5 to this service. The information contains location data, MEMS sensor parameters, car, owner and other information required by eCall regulations and is transmitted at a signal initiated by the source of an accident message 6 (eg open airbag or acceleration, registered by MEMS

ILO °) 12) sensors).

The various traffic situations 7 that occur while driving affect the e-Call device - MEMS sensors generate signals that the microcontroller analyzes based on Specialized Traffic Analysis Software 8 and in addition to data from the GPS receiver, etc., can signals the need for an adequate response through signaling unit 9. The driver of the vehicle 10 perceives the message and selects a response - recording the information 11 or deleting the information 12. Also, when in a stationary position of the car, he can use at its discretion a function for entering and managing information 13 via a computer. The same function for entering and managing information 13 is used when updating the information related to the electronic validation of the administrative obligations of the driver (renewal of liability insurance, passing an annual technical inspection, payment of vehicle tax, activation of an electronic vignette and others.). This can be done with encrypted data from flash memory, which enters the Block for protected and encrypted control functions 15.

When the National Emergency Service 4 has received a message about an accident or accident threatening passengers on a route, the operator of station 5 to this service may generate a warning message 14 to be transmitted from base station 2 to the mobile operator (or from a cluster of such stations), which covers the area of the accident, to all e-Call devices 1 located in it. The latter, through their specialized traffic analysis software 8 and in addition to GPS data, determine whether they are approaching the scene of the accident and accordingly warn the driver via the signaling unit 9.

The block for protected and encrypted control functions 15 monitors the correctness of certain obligations of the driver, such as paid vignette, insurance, vehicle tax, technical inspection, etc. If the car is without a paid vignette, when entering a section of the national road network, the driver receives a warning from the signaling unit 9, and in case of unpaid financial obligations is signaled when starting the car. In case of a certain normative regulation, a message about these violations is sent to the archiving unit 16 through the telecommunication tract of the system, the data from which can be used by the control bodies.

1 <g,

The following are the actions that the driver, according to the method, can take and exemplary sequences of operations for their implementation:

1. ACTION 1:

• the driver is warned by sound and light signaling from the eCall / lNS system or at his own discretion decides to record his current location;

• the driver presses the "Save" button; GPS coordinates are taken;

• it is established whether the button has been pressed once or twice;

• Depending on the number of keystrokes in the memory, a combination of GPS coordinates and the direction of movement is entered, in which to be signaled in case of future approach.

2. ACTION 2 • an approximation of a saved location is established;

• it is checked whether the current direction of movement coincides with the stored direction of movement;

• if this is the case, sound and light alarms are switched on;

• if the driver does not press the "Delete" button, the alarm is switched off after passing the location; if the driver presses the "Delete" button, the currently saved location is deleted from the memory.

3. ACTION 3 • The eCall / INS system receives a request for data transfer wirelessly or by connecting via USB to a personal computer;

• a list containing all locations stored on the system is transferred to it;

• through specialized software locations are added, deleted or edited at the request of the user;

• the edited list of locations is transferred back from the personal computer of the eCall / INS system; the connection is lost.

The following are the situations that the device, according to the method, can recognize and sample operations for data analysis to establish these situations:

SITUATION 1 • wait for a new report and take the last values from the accelerometer on the Z axis;

· It is checked whether the shape of the signal resembles with a sufficiently large w coefficient of similarity a diverging sine wave with a sufficiently large coefficient of divergence, if this is not the case, start from the beginning;

• it is checked whether the maximum value of the reports exceeds a pre-set threshold, if this is not the case, it is started from the beginning;

• an alarm is activated for an established risk situation for a pre-set time interval or while the driver presses a button;

• pressing the "Save" button starts the sequence of operations described in ACTION 1, after which the alarm is turned off;

• when you press the "Delete" button, the alarm is turned off;

SITUATION 2 · wait for a new report and take the last values of ^w from the accelerometer along the X, Y and Z axes;

• it is checked whether a report on any of the axes exceeds a pre-set threshold (passing at high speed through an obstacle);

• it is checked whether there is a sequence of close in amplitude on the Y axis, inverse values resembling a sinusoid with unusually large values (attempt to avoid an obstacle by maneuver) • it is checked whether there is a sharp increase in the values on the Z axis followed by a sharp increase in X-axis (entry and exit from the hole);

• check whether there is a sharp increase in the values along the X axis followed by a gradual increase and decrease along the Z axis (decrease in

MM speed and passing through a convex unevenness);

• if any of the above conditions are met, an alarm is activated for an established risk situation for a pre-set time interval or while the driver presses a button;

• pressing the "Save" button starts the sequence of operations described in ACTION 1, after which the alarm is turned off;

• when you press the "Delete" button, the alarm is turned off;

SITUATION 3 · a change in the current coordinates of the vehicle is expected;

w • if the distance between the current location and any memory recording is less than a preset value (eg 300 meters), read the flag indicating in which direction the recording was made;

• it is checked whether the flag is recorded for one-way signaling and whether the current direction of movement coincides with a deviation of up to 36 angular degrees with the direction of movement in which the recording was made;

• it is checked whether the flag is recorded for two-way signaling and whether the current direction of movement coincides with a deviation of up to 36 angular degrees with the direction of movement in which the recording was made or its reverse value;

• if either of the above two conditions is met, an alarm is activated for the approach of a pre-recorded LPR for a pre-set time interval or until the driver presses a button;

• pressing the "Save" button starts the sequence of operations described in ACTION 1, after which the alarm is turned off;

• when you press the "Delete" button, the alarm is turned off;

SITUATION 4 • waiting for a message from an operator about an accident in the area, which is signaled by eCall connection;

• the message is decoded and the coordinates of the location from which the eCall connection is initialized are extracted from it;

• check that the distance between the current location and the location of the eCall connection is less than a preset value (eg 300 meters) • check that the current direction of travel coincides with a deviation of up to 36 angular degrees with the vector connecting the current location of the car and location the eCall connection;

• if the above two conditions are met, an alarm is activated for a received road accident message for a pre-set time interval or while the driver presses a button;

• pressing the "Save" button starts the sequence of operations described in ACTION 1, after which the alarm is turned off;

· Pressing the "Delete" button turns off the alarm;

SITUATION 5 • a change in the current coordinates of the vehicle is expected;

• it is checked whether the vignette of the car is valid, whether the distance between the current location and the area for crossing with a valid vignette is less than a preset value (eg 300 meters) and whether the car is approaching the area • it is checked whether the liability insurance “Of the vehicle and the annual technical inspection of the vehicle are valid • if any of the listed inspections finds a violation, an alarm is reported for an administrative violation for a pre-set time interval or while the driver presses a button

JJU ¹ '• when pressing the "Delete" button the alarm is switched off;

• if the driver does not take corrective action in a certain tolerance and it is found that the car enters an area requiring a valid vignette or continues to move in other situations, a violation message is sent to the relevant control body (traffic police) via GSM modem available in eCall the system;

UE Use of the invention.

The method described above according to the invention is useful in

1 ^ 03.15 occurrence of an accident, as the possibility for other cars to become part of the accident is limited; in situations and locations where there is a risk of an accident due to poor conditions or condition of the road surface or other risk factors; when committing administrative violations by the driver.

The method described can be applied to all types of vehicles and in conditions of limited visibility and reduced driver concentration.

Claims (1)

VII. PATENT CLAIMS: Method for prevention of car accidents by warning drivers of dangers on the road and for performing control functions, by means of the “e-Call” system using mobile device 1, which contains GPS receiver, inertial MEMS-sensors, microcontroller, external memory, modem for mobile communication and serves to transmit automatically or manually information about traffic accidents through the base station of mobile operator 2 and the telephone exchange of mobile operator 3 to the server of the National Emergency Service 4 and reaching the stations of operators 5 to this service, and the automatic call signal is received from the source of the accident message 6, characterized in that the various traffic situations (7) occurring while driving affect the MEMS sensors that generate signals, the microcontroller analyzes them based on a specialized traffic situation analysis software (8) and in addition to other data may signal via b a signal for the driver (10) to signal the driver (10) to respond, and he can record useful information (11) or delete the information (12), and in addition to the stationary position of the car, the driver (10) may, at its discretion, use a computer input function (13) or update information related to its administrative duties, and when the National Emergency Service (4) has received an accident or accident message threatening route, the operator of a station (5) to this service may generate a warning message (14) to be transmitted from the base station 2 of the mobile operator, which covers the area of the accident, to all e-Call devices (1) located in their specialized traffic analysis software (8) and in addition to GPS data, to determine whether they are approaching the scene of the accident and to warn the driver (10) through the block for signaling (9) and in addition through a block for protected encrypted control functions (15) monitors the correctness of certain obligations of the driver (10) and if such a malfunction is detected, a warning is sent to him by the signaling unit (9), and in accordance with the regulations, a message about these violations is sent to the archiving unit (16) through the “e-Call” system.