BE897399A - IMPREGNATED AIR CLEANING PRODUCT FOR USE IN FILTERS - Google Patents
IMPREGNATED AIR CLEANING PRODUCT FOR USE IN FILTERS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BE897399A BE897399A BE0/211252A BE211252A BE897399A BE 897399 A BE897399 A BE 897399A BE 0/211252 A BE0/211252 A BE 0/211252A BE 211252 A BE211252 A BE 211252A BE 897399 A BE897399 A BE 897399A
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- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- product according
- filters
- product
- impregnated
- impregnation
- Prior art date
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical group I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021189 garnishes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D9/00—Composition of chemical substances for use in breathing apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0233—Compounds of Cu, Ag, Au
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/024—Compounds of Zn, Cd, Hg
- B01J20/0244—Compounds of Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/027—Compounds of F, Cl, Br, I
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
- B01J20/0288—Halides of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/046
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
- B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3289—Coatings involving more than one layer of same or different nature
Description
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La Société dite : DRAGERWERK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT à Lübeck (République Fédérale d'Allemagne)
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1
La présente invention concerne un produit d'épuration de l'air, imprégné et destiné à être utilisé dans des filtres.
Le produit d'épuration de l'air qu'est le charbon actif est utilisé de diverses façons pour débarrasser 1' air respiratoire des gaz nocifs qu'il contient ; on l'utilise par exemple dans des filtres de protection respiratoire, qu'on porte sur soi, ou dans des filtres d'installations de ventilation. Pour obtenir une bonne capacité de séparation, on imprègne le charbon actif de diverses manières. C'est ainsi que des charbons actifs imprégnés sont notoirement utilisés, pour séparer des gaz acides et des gaz alcalins. La norme allemande DIN 3181 définit l'étendue de la protection contre les différentes substances nocives. C'est ainsi que les filtres respiratoires codifiés "B"protègent contre les gaz acides, tandis que ceux marqués de la lettre K protègent contre l'ammoniac.
Un filtre respiratoire marqué à la fois"B"et"K"doit être garni avec une préparation qui offre cette double protection.
On l'obtient le plus souvent avec deux couches de produit : l'une faite d'une préparation contre les gaz acides, l'autre contre les gaz alcalins (ammoniac). Ces filtres à deux couches présentent l'inconvénient d'être très volumineux, lourds et coûteux et d'offrir une grande résistance à 1' écoulement de l'air.
Une masse d'absorption connue pour des filtres à gaz, notamment pour la protection respiratoire, agit à la fois contre l'acide sulfhydrique et contre l'ammoniac. Elle est faite de charbon actif, sur lequel on a placé du chlorure de cuivre (I). Pendant que la réaction avec l'ammoniac se déroule de façon traditionnelle, il se forme avec l'acide sulfhydrique de l'acide chlorhydrique comme produit final. Cet acide doit être adsorbé par le charbon actif (brevet allemand 530 381). Etant donné que la capacité de fixation du charbon actif est diminuée par les imprégnations, la formation de l'acide chlorhydrique est indésirable, car, suivant la charge du filtre, il peut arri-
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ver qu'il pénètre dans les voies respiratoire, de sorte qu'il n'y a plus protection, mais simplement remplacement d'un poison par un autre.
Un procédé connu pour l'épuration d'air respiratoire contenant des bases volatiles et des acides faibles utilise comme substance active des combinaisons basiques de métaux lourds, qui réagissent avec l'ammoniac et les bases volatiles en formant des sels complexes ou doubles. Elles sont utilisées seules ou avec des matières jouant le rôle de support. Sont citées comme combinaisons basiques 1' hydroxyde, le carbonate basique, le sulfate basique et le chlorure basique du cuivre (brevet allemand 710 617).
Toutes les combinaisons énumérées ne fixent les gaz fortement acides, comme le chlore, qui sont contenus dans 1' air, que dans une faible mesure.
Un charbon actif imprégné connu, utilisé comme produit d'épuration de l'air, est capable de débarrasser ce dernier non seulement des gaz acides, mais aussi du iodure de méthyle radioactif. On le prépare en imprégnant un support avec du carbonate de cuivre et du dichromate de sodium au cours d'une première opération et, après séchage, en l'imprégnant avec du iodure de potassium au cours d'une seconde opération, après quoi on sèche. Avec ce mode d'imprégnation, les métaux lourds et l'iode se trouvent sur le support sous une forme telle que le but fixé, c'est-àdire la fixation des gaz acides et du iodure de méthyle radioactif est correctement rempli (demande de brevet en R. F. A. 27 57 576). Toutefois, l'ammoniac et les amines volatiles ne sont fixés qu'imparfaitement.
L'invention a donc pour objet de fournir un produit d'épuration de l'air, qui, par ses propriétés de fixer à la fois les gaz acides et les gaz alcalins, permet de construire des filtres simples à une seule couche dont le rendement est excellent.
A cet effet, dans le produit selon l'invention, sur la base charbon actif, le produit d'imprégnation est L'iodure d'un métal qui forme des amines.
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Alors que les filtres à une couche utilisés jusqu' ici pour séparer l'ammoniac ne pouvaient fixer que des acides faibles comme l'acide sulfhydrique ou l'acide prussique, le produit d'épuration de l'air selon l'invention retient aussi et dans une forte proportion des gaz fortement acides, comme le chlore. Ce produit résiste au vieillissement. Sa préparation est simple, car elle ne nécessite qu'une seule opération d'imprégnation. Un filtre combiné fabriqué en utilisant cette préparation et qui convient dans une même mesure à l'élimination des substances nocives classées"B" (gaz acides) et"K" (ammoniac), possède le rendement exigé pour ces substances dans la norme allemande DIN 3181 sans que ses dimensions dépassent celles d' un filtre à une couche utilisé jusqu'ici.
Les filtres combinés connus contre les substances nocives B et K étaient à plusieurs couches et avec des dimensions comparables à celles des filtres à une couche il ne possédaient pas le rendement exigé par la norme allemande précitée.
L'iodure de zinc convient particulièrement comme produit d'imprégnation.
Une imprégnation supplémentaire avec de l'iode élémentaire ou chargé positivement augmente l'activité du produit contre les gaz acides réducteurs.
Une imprégnation supplémentaire avec du nitrate d' argent ou du sulfate de cuivre peut fixer l'iode libéré lors de la réaction avec le chlore. Elle n'est pas nécessaire lorsque le support n'est imbibé que modérément de produit d'imprégnation selon l'invention, mais elle peut être avantageuse lors d'une forte imprégnation.
On peut utiliser comme matière de support du gel de silice. On peut utiliser aussi un tamis moléculaire.
La préparation d'un charbon actif imprégné selon l'invention est maintenant décrite à titre d'exemple seulement :
On fait dissoudre du carbonate de zinc du commerce dans une solution aqueuse d'acide iodhydrique jusqu'à ce qu'un louche commence à se former. Puis, par une imprégna-
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tion unique ou répétée, on amène un charbon actif granulé à une teneur d'iodure de zinc de 16% en poids. Après imprégnation, on règle la teneur en eau à 5% en séchant avec précaution sous vide à une température de 50oC. Le charbon actif ainsi imprégné peut être ensuite utilisé pour garnir des filtres de protection respiratoire contre les gaz acides et les gaz alcalins.
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The so-called Company: DRAGERWERK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT in Lübeck (Federal Republic of Germany)
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1
The present invention relates to an air purifying product, impregnated and intended for use in filters.
The air cleaning product that is activated carbon is used in various ways to rid the respiratory air of the harmful gases it contains; it is used, for example, in respiratory protection filters, which are worn on oneself, or in filters for ventilation systems. To obtain a good separation capacity, the activated carbon is impregnated in various ways. This is how impregnated activated carbons are notoriously used, to separate acid gases and alkaline gases. The German standard DIN 3181 defines the scope of protection against various harmful substances. This is how respiratory filters coded "B" protect against acid gases, while those marked with the letter K protect against ammonia.
A respiratory filter marked with both "B" and "K" must be filled with a preparation that offers this double protection.
It is most often obtained with two layers of product: one made from a preparation against acid gases, the other against alkaline gases (ammonia). These two-layer filters have the drawback of being very bulky, heavy and expensive and of offering great resistance to the flow of air.
A known absorption mass for gas filters, in particular for respiratory protection, acts both against hydrofluoric acid and against ammonia. It is made of activated carbon, on which copper (I) chloride has been placed. While the reaction with ammonia takes place in the traditional way, it is formed with hydrochloric acid hydrochloric acid as the final product. This acid must be adsorbed by activated carbon (German patent 530,381). Since the binding capacity of activated carbon is reduced by impregnation, the formation of hydrochloric acid is undesirable, because, depending on the charge of the filter, it can
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worm that it enters the respiratory tract, so that there is no longer protection, but simply replacement of a poison by another.
A known method for purifying respiratory air containing volatile bases and weak acids uses as basic substance basic combinations of heavy metals, which react with ammonia and volatile bases to form complex or double salts. They are used alone or with materials playing the role of support. The basic combinations are hydroxide, basic carbonate, basic sulfate and basic copper chloride (German patent 710,617).
All of the listed combinations fix strongly acidic gases, such as chlorine, which are contained in air, only to a small extent.
A known impregnated activated carbon, used as an air cleaning product, is able to rid the latter not only of acid gases, but also of radioactive methyl iodide. It is prepared by impregnating a support with copper carbonate and sodium dichromate during a first operation and, after drying, by impregnating it with potassium iodide during a second operation, after which it is dried . With this mode of impregnation, the heavy metals and the iodine are on the support in a form such that the fixed goal, that is to say the fixing of the acid gases and of the radioactive methyl iodide is correctly filled (request for patent in FRG 27 57 576). However, ammonia and volatile amines are only imperfectly attached.
The object of the invention is therefore to provide an air cleaning product which, by its properties of fixing both acid gases and alkaline gases, makes it possible to construct simple filters with a single layer whose yield is excellent.
To this end, in the product according to the invention, based on activated carbon, the impregnation product is the iodide of a metal which forms amines.
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While the single-layer filters used hitherto for separating ammonia could only fix weak acids such as hydrogen sulfide or prussic acid, the air cleaning product according to the invention also retains and in a high proportion of strongly acid gases, such as chlorine. This product resists aging. Its preparation is simple, because it requires only one impregnation operation. A combined filter manufactured using this preparation and which is equally suitable for removing harmful substances classified "B" (acid gases) and "K" (ammonia), has the performance required for these substances in the German DIN standard 3181 without its dimensions exceeding those of a single layer filter used so far.
The known combined filters against harmful substances B and K were multi-layer and with dimensions comparable to those of the single-layer filters they did not have the performance required by the above-mentioned German standard.
Zinc iodide is particularly suitable as an impregnation product.
Additional impregnation with elementary or positively charged iodine increases the activity of the product against reducing acid gases.
Additional impregnation with silver nitrate or copper sulphate can fix the iodine released during the reaction with chlorine. It is not necessary when the support is only moderately soaked with the impregnation product according to the invention, but it can be advantageous during a strong impregnation.
Silica gel can be used as a support material. A molecular sieve can also be used.
The preparation of an impregnated activated carbon according to the invention is now described by way of example only:
Commercial zinc carbonate is dissolved in an aqueous solution of hydroiodic acid until a ladle begins to form. Then, by impregnating-
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Once or repeatedly, a granulated activated carbon is brought to a zinc iodide content of 16% by weight. After impregnation, the water content is adjusted to 5% by carefully drying under vacuum at a temperature of 50oC. The activated carbon thus impregnated can then be used to garnish respiratory protection filters against acid gases and alkaline gases.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE3231717A DE3231717C2 (en) | 1982-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Air purifiers impregnated and for use in filters |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE897399A true BE897399A (en) | 1983-11-14 |
Family
ID=6171713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BE0/211252A BE897399A (en) | 1982-08-26 | 1983-07-28 | IMPREGNATED AIR CLEANING PRODUCT FOR USE IN FILTERS |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE897399A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3231717C2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2532188A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1198669B (en) |
NL (1) | NL8300805A (en) |
SE (1) | SE8301988L (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3701695A1 (en) * | 1987-01-22 | 1988-08-04 | Draegerwerk Ag | PROTECTIVE HOOD FOR EMERGENCY |
DE3730922A1 (en) * | 1987-09-15 | 1989-04-06 | Hoelter Heinz | Chemisorption composition for eliminating odours and smoke residues, preferably tobacco smoke |
KR0148793B1 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1998-10-15 | 죠셉 에이. 피세테 | Chromium free impregnated activated carbon for absorption of toxic gases and or vapors |
EP0526077A1 (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-02-03 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Activated carbon honeycombs and applications thereof |
WO1998031460A1 (en) * | 1997-01-22 | 1998-07-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multi-gas impregnated sorbent |
US6224655B1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2001-05-01 | Pierre Messier | Biostatic air filter |
DE19931371A1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2001-01-11 | Mhb Filtration Gmbh & Co Kg | Filter material for gas filtration with biocidal properties |
US7004990B2 (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2006-02-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Broad spectrum filter system including tungsten-based impregnant and being useful for filtering contaminants from air or other gases |
AU2009288177B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 | 2012-07-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ammonia-free gaseous air filter |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD38377A (en) * | ||||
DE466358C (en) * | 1926-05-23 | 1928-10-05 | Edmund Kuechler | Manufacture of active coal containing silica |
DE556608C (en) * | 1929-06-01 | 1932-08-16 | Draegerwerk Ag | Process for the production of gas absorption compounds for breathing filters |
DE620387C (en) * | 1929-11-25 | 1935-10-21 | Rech S Et D Expl S Petrolifere | Process for drying gases and gas mixtures |
DE710617C (en) * | 1931-03-28 | 1941-09-18 | Auergesellschaft Akt Ges | Process for purifying breathable air containing volatile acids and bases |
US2523875A (en) * | 1942-05-01 | 1950-09-26 | Jacque C Morrell | Production of a protective carbon |
DE973481C (en) * | 1951-07-07 | 1960-03-03 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Process for the production of adsorption carbon |
DE1087579B (en) * | 1958-08-01 | 1960-08-25 | Draegerwerk Ag | Process for impregnation of activated carbon with heavy metal salts |
US4111833A (en) * | 1974-09-05 | 1978-09-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Activated carbon material |
DE2507672C3 (en) * | 1975-02-22 | 1980-10-09 | Laboratorium Fuer Adsorptionstechnik Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Process for impregnating activated carbon |
DE2603807C3 (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1982-01-07 | Laboratorium für Adsorptionstechnik GmbH, 6000 Frankfurt | Process for removing mercury from gases |
DE2757576C2 (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1984-03-08 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Impregnated activated carbon to remove acidic, catalytically decomposable and chemically bound pollutants from the air |
DE3013256C2 (en) * | 1980-04-03 | 1988-06-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München | Process for the production of highly specific activated carbon, the carbon obtained in the process and its use |
-
1982
- 1982-08-26 DE DE3231717A patent/DE3231717C2/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-03-04 NL NL8300805A patent/NL8300805A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-04-11 SE SE8301988A patent/SE8301988L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-04-13 FR FR8306325A patent/FR2532188A1/en active Granted
- 1983-07-28 BE BE0/211252A patent/BE897399A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-24 IT IT09502/83A patent/IT1198669B/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE8301988L (en) | 1984-02-27 |
SE8301988D0 (en) | 1983-04-11 |
NL8300805A (en) | 1984-03-16 |
FR2532188B1 (en) | 1985-04-05 |
DE3231717C2 (en) | 1986-04-24 |
IT8309502A0 (en) | 1983-08-24 |
FR2532188A1 (en) | 1984-03-02 |
IT1198669B (en) | 1988-12-21 |
DE3231717A1 (en) | 1984-03-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RE | Patent lapsed |
Owner name: DRAGERWERK A.G. Effective date: 19890731 |