BE678325A - - Google Patents

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Publication number
BE678325A
BE678325A BE678325DA BE678325A BE 678325 A BE678325 A BE 678325A BE 678325D A BE678325D A BE 678325DA BE 678325 A BE678325 A BE 678325A
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BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
polyamides
parts
water
polyamide
index
Prior art date
Application number
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French (fr)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of BE678325A publication Critical patent/BE678325A/fr

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/125Water, e.g. hydrated salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2377/00Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Description

  

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



    "   Procédé de production de polyamides   mousses".   

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 



   La présente invention est relative à un procédé de production de polyamides mousses suivant lequel une masse fondue hydratée de polyamide est évacuée de dispositifs d'entraînement ou de mélange. 



   Il est connu de fabriquer des polyamides mousses en chauffant des polyamides qui contiennent des substances formant, sous l'influence de la chaleur, des produits gazeux, à des   températures   supérieures aux points de   ra-   mollissement des polyamides. Lesdites substances peuvent avoir été ajoutées avant, pendant ou après la polycondensation des matières de départ susceptibles de former des polyamides. Les températures de moussage sont telles,que les polyamides sont partiellement dégradés.Les mousses présentent, au surplus, une structure cellulaire   rré-   gulière. 



   Or, on a trouvé qu'on obtient des polyamides mousses de façon particulièrement avantageuse en évacuant de dispositifs d'entraînement ou de mélange une masse fondue hydratée de polyamide. 



   Les durées de moussage sont très courtes. 



   Conformément à la présente invention, l'eau est utilisée en une proportion comprise entre 2 et 15% de préférence entre 5 et 9 % rapportés au poids du polyamide. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 3> 

 



   Comme exemples de polyamides pouvant être ex- pansés selon la présente invention, on indiquera les polylactames, tels que le polycarprolactame, le poly- capryllactame, le   polylaurinolactame   ou le polyoenan- tholactàme, le polyamide-6,6, le   polyamide-6,10,   le polyamide-6,12 ou l'acide polyamino-11 undécanoqie leurs mélanges ou des copolycondensats à base des ma- tières de départ de ces polyamides. On peut utiliser aussi bien des polyamides aux poids moléculaires tels qu'ils résultent des procédés de polycondensation usuels,      que des polyamides dont les poids moléculaires ont été élevés par un traitement à chaud dans des conditions   @   habituelles.

   Les polyamides peuvent renfermer les ad   juvants   courants, tels que antioxydants, produits de protection contre la lumière, charges, plastifiants, ignifuges et/ou fibres de verre. 



   L'eau servant d'agent de gonflement peut être incorporée aux polyamides en faisant séjourner ces der- niers, sous forme divisée, dans de l'eau, le cas échéant à température élevée, jusqu'à ce qu'ils présentent la teneur en eau désirée. D'après un mode opératoire parti- culièrement avantageux, on   part',   pour la fabrication des polyamides mousses, de polyamides transformés en boudins d'après des procédés connus, boudins qu'on fragmente dans de l'eau. L'eau peut également être ajoutée à une masse fondue de polyamide qui avance dans un dispositif de mé- lange ou d'entraînement. 



   Le présent procédé est, de préférence, mis en oeuvre en continu, de façon particulièrement avantageuse dans das boudineuses chauffables de type connu. Con- 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 4> 

 viennent toutefois également les appareils à fonction-' nement discontinu, tels que presses ou machines à in- jection chauffées. On peut transporter le polyamide mousse à son lieu d'utilisation sur des bandes sans fin ou des cylindres tournants, ou encore évacuer, par des cuves verticales par exemple ,les corps mousses, tels que boudins, feuilles, panneaux ou profilés, où ils tombent en chute libre. 



   On obtient dans tous les cas des polyamides mousses de faible densité et de structure cellulaire homogène. L'indice K des polyamides n'est pratiquement pas abaissé par le processus de moussage, ce qui est remarquable, car l'on sait qu'à des températures supé- rieures au point de fusion des polyamides, le poids mo- léculaire est dégradé lorsque les polyamides renferme:*! de l'eau en une proportion dépassant la "valeur d'équi- libre". On sait en outre que les   p.'lyamides   mousses s'obtiennent le plus facilement lorsqu'on utilise, comme substances formant sous l'action de la chaleur, des produits gazeux, des matières qui ne dissolvent, ni ne font gonfler les polyamides. Ce préjugé est écarté par la présente invention où l'on emploie de l'eau comme substance format des produits gazeux à chaud.

   L'eau est, comme l'on sait, un bon gonflant des polyamides. 



   Les parties indiquées dans les exemples ci- après sont en poids. 



     EXEMPLE  1
Dans une vis transporteuse d'une longueur de
45 cm, on fait fondre du   polycaprolaetame   granulé (in- dice k 88, mesuré suivant Fikentscher Cellulose-Chemie
13   (1932),   p. 58 dans de   l'acide   sulfurique) renfermant 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 5> 

 8% d'eau et 10% de sulfate de calcium (hémihydrate). La masse fondue est extrudée, de manière connue en soi, à une température de 205 C à travers une buse d'un diamètre de 5 mm. On obtient un boudin de polyamide à pores fins, d'une densité de 45 g/1. 



   EXEMPLE 2
On extrude à 205 C comme décrit à l'exemple 1- du sébaçate de polyhexaméthylènediamine (indice K 79) granulé, qui renferme 6% d'eau et 10% de sulfate de calcium (hémihydrate). Le polyamide expansé présente une densité de 74 g/1. 



   EXEMPLE 3
Dans une vis sans fin on fait fondre, à 200 C un mélange de 41,5 parties de polycaprolactame ( indice K 88), 41,5 parties de sébaçate de polyhexaméthylènediamine (indice K = 79),7 parties d'eau et 10 parties de sulfate de calcium (hémihydrate), puis on extrude, de manière connue en soi, à travers une buse d'un diamètre de 5 mm. Le mélange de polyamides expansé présente une   densité de   60 g/1. 



   EXEMPLE   4  
On mélange 41 parties de sébaçate de polyhexaméthylènediamine (indice   K -   70),   41   parties de séba- çate de polyhexaméthylènediamine (indice K - 79) 8 parties d'eau et 10 parties de sulfate de calcium (hémihydrate). On fait fondre le mélange et   l'extrude à   205 C comme décrit à l'exemple 1- dans une vis transporteuse d'une longueur de 45 cm.

   On obtient une mousse de polyamide d'une densité de 64 g/1 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 6> 

 
EXEMPLE 5
On mélange à fond 40 parties de polycaprolactame ( indice K 88), 40 parties d'un copolymère à base de caprolactame, de sel AH ( adipate d'hexaméthylène - diammonium), d'acide adipique et de bis-(p-   aminocyclohexyl)-méthane,   10 parties d'eau et 10 parties de sulfate de calcium ( hémihydrate), puis on fait fondre et extrude dans une vis transporteuse, à   16Q C,   La mousse   de polyamide   évacuée présente une densité de   5   g/l.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



    "Process for the production of foamed polyamides".

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 



   The present invention relates to a process for the production of foamed polyamides in which a hydrated polyamide melt is discharged from entrainment or mixing devices.



   It is known to produce foamed polyamides by heating polyamides which contain substances which, under the influence of heat, form gaseous products at temperatures above the softening points of the polyamides. Said substances may have been added before, during or after the polycondensation of the starting materials capable of forming polyamides. The foaming temperatures are such that the polyamides are partially degraded. The foams also exhibit a regular cellular structure.



   However, it has been found that foamed polyamides are obtained in a particularly advantageous manner by discharging a hydrated polyamide melt from driving or mixing devices.



   The foaming times are very short.



   In accordance with the present invention, the water is used in a proportion of between 2 and 15%, preferably between 5 and 9% relative to the weight of the polyamide.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 3>

 



   As examples of polyamides which can be expanded according to the present invention, polylactams, such as polycarprolactam, polycapryllactam, polylaurinolactam or polyoenantholactam, polyamide-6,6, polyamide-6,10 will be indicated. , polyamide-6,12 or polyamino-11 undecanoic acid their mixtures or copolycondensates based on the starting materials of these polyamides. It is possible to use both polyamides with molecular weights as they result from the usual polycondensation processes, and polyamides whose molecular weights have been raised by a heat treatment under usual conditions.

   Polyamides may include common additives, such as antioxidants, light protectants, fillers, plasticizers, flame retardants and / or glass fibers.



   The water serving as swelling agent can be incorporated into the polyamides by leaving the latter, in divided form, in water, optionally at elevated temperature, until they have the content of desired water. According to a particularly advantageous procedure, for the production of foamed polyamides, one starts from polyamides transformed into strands according to known methods, which strands are broken up in water. Water can also be added to a polyamide melt which advances through a mixing or driving device.



   The present process is preferably carried out continuously, particularly advantageously in heatable extruders of known type. Con-

 <Desc / Clms Page number 4>

 However, there are also discontinuous operating devices, such as presses or heated injection machines. The polyamide foam can be transported to its place of use on endless belts or rotating cylinders, or else evacuate, by vertical tanks for example, the foamed bodies, such as rolls, sheets, panels or profiles, where they fall. free fall.



   In all cases, foamed polyamides of low density and of homogeneous cellular structure are obtained. The K-index of polyamides is practically not lowered by the foaming process, which is remarkable because it is known that at temperatures above the melting point of polyamides the molecular weight is degraded. when the polyamides contains: *! water in a proportion exceeding the "equilibrium value". It is further known that foamed p.'lyamides are most easily obtained when using, as substances which form under the action of heat, gaseous products, materials which neither dissolve nor swell polyamides. This prejudice is eliminated by the present invention where water is used as the format substance for hot gaseous products.

   Water is, as we know, a good swelling agent for polyamides.



   The parts indicated in the examples below are by weight.



     EXAMPLE 1
In a conveyor screw with a length of
45 cm, granulated polycaprolaetam is melted (index k 88, measured according to Fikentscher Cellulose-Chemie
13 (1932), p. 58 in sulfuric acid) containing

 <Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 8% water and 10% calcium sulfate (hemihydrate). The melt is extruded, in a manner known per se, at a temperature of 205 ° C. through a nozzle with a diameter of 5 mm. A fine-pored polyamide strand with a density of 45 g / l is obtained.



   EXAMPLE 2
Granulated polyhexamethylenediamine sebacate (K index 79), which contains 6% water and 10% calcium sulfate (hemihydrate), is extruded at 205 ° C. as described in Example 1. The expanded polyamide has a density of 74 g / 1.



   EXAMPLE 3
In an endless screw, a mixture of 41.5 parts of polycaprolactam (index K 88), 41.5 parts of polyhexamethylenediamine sebacate (index K = 79), 7 parts of water and 10 parts is melted at 200 ° C. of calcium sulfate (hemihydrate), then extruded, in a manner known per se, through a nozzle with a diameter of 5 mm. The blend of expanded polyamides has a density of 60 g / l.



   EXAMPLE 4
41 parts of polyhexamethylenediamine sebacate (index K - 70), 41 parts of polyhexamethylenediamine sebacate (index K - 79), 8 parts of water and 10 parts of calcium sulfate (hemihydrate) are mixed. The mixture is melted and extruded at 205 ° C. as described in Example 1- in a conveyor screw with a length of 45 cm.

   This gives a polyamide foam with a density of 64 g / 1

 <Desc / Clms Page number 6>

 
EXAMPLE 5
40 parts of polycaprolactam (K index 88), 40 parts of a copolymer based on caprolactam, AH salt (hexamethylene-diammonium adipate), adipic acid and bis- (p-aminocyclohexyl) are thoroughly mixed. -methane, 10 parts of water and 10 parts of calcium sulfate (hemihydrate), then melted and extruded in a conveyor screw, at 16 ° C. The polyamide foam evacuated has a density of 5 g / l.

 

Claims (1)

EXEMPLE 6 Dans une extrudeuse, on fait fondre et extrude à 160 C 84 ,rties de polylaurinolactame ( indice K = 60), 6 parties d'eau et 10 parties de sulfate de calcium (hémihydrate). On obtient un boudin de polyamide d'une densité de 62 g/1 REVENDICATION. EXAMPLE 6 In an extruder, melted and extruded at 160 C 84, rties of polylaurinolactam (index K = 60), 6 parts of water and 10 parts of calcium sulfate (hemihydrate). A polyamide strand with a density of 62 g / 1 is obtained CLAIM. Procédé de production de polyamides mousses par évacuation, hors de dispositifs d'entraînement ou de mélange, d'un mélange d'un ou de plusieurs polyamides et d'une substance formant des produits gazeux sous l'influence de la chaleur, caractérisé en ce qu'on emploie de 1'a comme substance formant un produit EMI6.1 gazeux, sous 1 li-rifl,.ueir.,e do la chaleur. Process for the production of foamed polyamides by evacuating, from entraining or mixing devices, a mixture of one or more polyamides and a substance forming gaseous products under the influence of heat, characterized in that that a is used as a substance forming a product EMI6.1 gas, under 1 li-rifl, .ueir., e of heat.
BE678325D 1965-03-23 1966-03-23 BE678325A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0081121 1965-03-23

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BE678325A true BE678325A (en) 1966-09-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0098938A2 (en) * 1982-05-19 1984-01-25 Teijin Limited Cellular aromatic polyamide articles with closed cells, and process for the preparation thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL123941A (en) * 1995-10-04 2001-08-26 Monsanto Co Porous polymeric biosupports and their use in the biotreatment of aqueous waste streams
US6045700A (en) * 1996-07-29 2000-04-04 Solutia Inc. Retrievable organic carbon scavengers for cleaning of contaminated surface water sediments

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0098938A2 (en) * 1982-05-19 1984-01-25 Teijin Limited Cellular aromatic polyamide articles with closed cells, and process for the preparation thereof
EP0098938A3 (en) * 1982-05-19 1985-01-16 Teijin Limited Cellular aromatic polyamide articles with closed cells, and process for the preparation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6603754A (en) 1966-09-26

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