BE505429A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE505429A BE505429A BE505429DA BE505429A BE 505429 A BE505429 A BE 505429A BE 505429D A BE505429D A BE 505429DA BE 505429 A BE505429 A BE 505429A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- alkyl
- emulsions
- iodostearates
- stability
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 alkyl iodostearates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N D-Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-CTQIIAAMSA-N Sorbitan Chemical compound OCC(O)C1OCC(O)[C@@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-CTQIIAAMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N Oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMYMILZKSEQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,12-diiodooctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(I)CCC(I)CCCCCCCC(O)=O ITMYMILZKSEQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 Blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 Blood Cells Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 Blood Vessels Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- DPQZQRYNTZWICB-UHFFFAOYSA-N IC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC)(I)I Chemical compound IC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC)(I)I DPQZQRYNTZWICB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 Lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068968 Polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-HSACVWGTSA-N [(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] (E)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-HSACVWGTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000721 bacterilogical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012502 diagnostic product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012154 double-distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006192 iodination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000414 obstructive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000803 sterility Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/04—X-ray contrast preparations
- A61K49/0433—X-ray contrast preparations containing an organic halogenated X-ray contrast-enhancing agent
- A61K49/0447—Physical forms of mixtures of two different X-ray contrast-enhancing agents, containing at least one X-ray contrast-enhancing agent which is a halogenated organic compound
- A61K49/0461—Dispersions, colloids, emulsions or suspensions
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Description
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PROCEDE .DE 'PREPARATION D'UNE SUBSTANCE .DE -CONTRASTE POUR LA RADIOGRAPHIE.
Il est connu que les iodostéarates d'alcoyle peuvent être utili- sés dans la radiographie comme substances de contraste. Ces composés sont employés sous forme colloïdale, par exemple en émulsion avec une solution aqueuse de glucose ou d'un autre composé permettant d'obtenir un sol isoto- nique. Les émulsions de ce genre sont parfaitement tolérées par le corps, leur emploi est indolore et il permet d'obtenir des radiographies très opa- ques. Il importe cependant que ces émulsions soient d'une homogénéité par- faite, d'une grande stabilité et qu'elles soient formées de particules très fines et de dimensions uniformes.
Ces conditions surimposent tout particuliè- rement lorsqu?il sagit d'émulsions destinées à être injectées dans les vais- seaux sanguins. En ce cas, toutes les particules doivent être d'une finesse telle que toute possibilité d'obstruction des vaisseaux soit exclue. Les di- mensions des particules doivent être inférieures à celles des globules du sang. La présence d'un petit nombre de particules trop grosses., présentes initialement dans l'émulsion ou formées dans celle-ci pendant la conserva- tion9 par démixtion ou agglomération de particules,pourrait causer des acci dents graves. Dans le but d'assurer la stabilité, l'homogénéité et la fines- se de l'émulsion des iodostéarates d'alcoyle, on a déjà songé à les préparer en présence d'un émulsionnant.
Un émulsionnant, pour être-convenable, doit remplir différentes conditions. En effet, il doit non seulement conférer à l'émulsion les propriétés requises, il doit aussi être parfaitement toléré et indifférent par rapport aux autres constituants de 1*'émulsion. De tous les émulsionnants essayés, seulement la lécithine a trouvé une application pratique, mais les émulsions qui en contenaient devaient être conservées à des températures de 5 à 7 C et encore dans ces conditions, leur durée de sta- bilité ne dépassait pas un petit nombre de mois.
J'ai maintenant trouvé que l'on obtient des émulsions de stabi- lité parfaite et de très grande finesse, convenant comme substance de con- traste pour la radiographie9 en émulsionnant des iodostéarates d'alcoyle et
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une solution aqueuse de glucose en présence d'un dérivé polyoxyalcoyléni- que d'un ester du sorbitan avec des acides gras de 10 à.18 atomes de-carbone.
Les émulsions obtenues selon la présente invention sont d'une très grande stabilité et homogénéité. Elles peuvent être stérilisées par tyn- dallisation répétée à 60 C et conservées ensuite à température ordinaire.
Après 9 mois d'observation, on n'a pu constater une altération des émulsions qui obligerait d'envisager une fin prochaine de la période de stabilité -ou la nécessité de les retirer pour une autre raison des essais radiologiques.
L'émulsionnant utilisé est un dérivé polyoxyalcoylénique d'un ester du sorbitan et de l'acide laurique, palmirique, stéarique ou oléique.
Il s'agit de produits utilisés dans la technique comme agents émulsionnants, de mouillage ou de dispersant. Bien que l'un d'eux figure sous le nom de "Polysorbate 80" dans la Pharmacopée des Etants Unis d'Amérique du Nord-, XIVe édition, il n'était aucunement prévisible que les produits de ce genre soient tolérés en injection et qu'ils soient capables de communiquer aux émulsions des iodostéarates d'alcoyle les propriétés nécessaires pour en fai- re un produit de diagnostic radiologique d'un usage large et sans danger.
Exemple.- La préparation de l'émulsion des iodostéarates d'al- coyle doit évidemment être exécutée en observant scrupuleusement toutes les conditions de stérilité requises. Le produit iodé utilisé, contenant environ 45% d'iode sous forme de diiodostéarate en mélange avec un peu de triiodostéarate d'éthyle, a été préparé de façon connue par ioduration des esters éthyliques des acides gras non saturés,obtenus de l'huile de lin ou d'une autre huile siccative. Dans un mélangeur à agitation mécanique, on in- troduit 220 g de produit iodé et 22 g de monooléate de sorbitan polyoxyéthy- lénique. Après une minute d'agitation, on ajoute peu à peu 324 cm3 d'une so- lution de glucose à 5%, filtrée sur filtre bactériologique et préparée au moyen d'eau bidistillée.
Il se forme d'abord une émulsion du type eau dans l'huile et la masse s'épaissit fortement. Peu à peu, en continuant l'addi- tion de la solution de glucose, l'émulsion s'inverse (huile .dans l'eau) et la masse se fluidifie. A partir de ce moment, la solution peut être ajoutée plus rapidement. Pour amener le pH à la valeur de celui du sang, on intro- duit lentement environ 0,5 cm3 d'une solution de soude caustique pure à 10%. On fait alors passer le mélange à plusieurs reprises par une émulsion- neuse, par exemple du type à filières. Après trois à cinq passages, selon le type de l'émulsionneuse, l'émulsion a atteint le degré de stabilité et d'homogénéité désiré. La dimension des particules est d'environ 1 micron.
On obtient 500 cm3 d'émulsion à 20% d'iode, (en volume) prête à être mise en ampoules. Celles-ci sont tyndallisées trois fois à 600C.
Un résultat semblable s'obtient en utilisant le produit iodé des esters propyliques des acides gras non saturés obtenus à partir de l'huile de lin ,ou en remplaçant le monooléate de sorbitan polyoxyéthylénique par le composé monolaurique, -palmitique'ou -stéarique correspondant.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
PROCESS .DE 'PREPARATION OF A .DE-CONTRAST FOR RADIOGRAPHY.
It is known that alkyl iodostearates can be used in radiography as a contrast medium. These compounds are used in colloidal form, for example in emulsion with an aqueous solution of glucose or of another compound making it possible to obtain an isotonic sol. Emulsions of this kind are perfectly tolerated by the body, their use is painless and they allow very opaque radiographs to be obtained. It is, however, important that these emulsions be of perfect homogeneity, of great stability and that they are formed of very fine particles and of uniform dimensions.
These conditions are particularly superimposed when it comes to emulsions intended to be injected into the blood vessels. In this case, all the particles must be of such fineness that any possibility of obstruction of the vessels is excluded. The dimensions of the particles should be smaller than those of the blood cells. The presence of a small number of oversized particles, initially present in the emulsion or formed in the emulsion during storage by separation or agglomeration of particles, could cause serious accidents. In order to ensure the stability, the homogeneity and the fineness of the emulsion of the alkyl iodostearates, it has already been considered to prepare them in the presence of an emulsifier.
An emulsifier, to be suitable, must meet different conditions. In fact, it must not only give the emulsion the required properties, it must also be perfectly tolerated and indifferent to the other constituents of the emulsion. Of all the emulsifiers tested, only lecithin found practical application, but the emulsions which contained it had to be stored at temperatures of 5 to 7 C and even under these conditions their shelf life did not exceed a few. of months.
I have now found that emulsions of perfect stability and very high fineness, suitable as a contrast substance for radiography9 are obtained by emulsifying alkyl iodostearates and
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an aqueous solution of glucose in the presence of a polyoxyalkylene derivative of an ester of sorbitan with fatty acids of 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
The emulsions obtained according to the present invention are of very great stability and homogeneity. They can be sterilized by repeated tyndallization at 60 C and then stored at room temperature.
After 9 months of observation, it was not possible to observe any deterioration of the emulsions which would make it necessary to consider an imminent end of the period of stability - or the need to remove them for another reason from the radiological tests.
The emulsifier used is a polyoxyalkylenic derivative of an ester of sorbitan and of lauric, palmiric, stearic or oleic acid.
These are products used in the art as emulsifying, wetting or dispersing agents. Although one of them is listed as "Polysorbate 80" in the Pharmacopoeia of the United States of North America, XIVth Edition, it was by no means foreseeable that such products would be tolerated by injection and. that they are capable of imparting to the alkyl iodostearate emulsions the properties necessary to make them a radiological diagnostic product of wide and safe use.
Example: The preparation of the alkyl iodostearate emulsion must of course be carried out with scrupulous observation of all the sterility conditions required. The iodine product used, containing about 45% iodine in the form of diiodostearate mixed with a little ethyl triiodostearate, was prepared in a known manner by iodination of ethyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids, obtained from oil of flax or other drying oil. 220 g of iodine product and 22 g of polyoxyethylenic sorbitan monooleate are introduced into a mechanical stirrer mixer. After stirring for one minute, 324 cm 3 of a 5% glucose solution, filtered through a bacteriological filter and prepared using double-distilled water, are gradually added.
A water-in-oil type emulsion first forms and the mass thickens considerably. Gradually, continuing the addition of the glucose solution, the emulsion is reversed (oil in water) and the mass becomes fluid. From this moment the solution can be added more quickly. To bring the pH to that of blood, approximately 0.5 cm3 of a 10% pure caustic soda solution is slowly introduced. The mixture is then passed several times through an emulsifier, for example of the die type. After three to five passes, depending on the type of emulsifier, the emulsion has reached the desired degree of stability and homogeneity. The particle size is approximately 1 micron.
500 cm3 of 20% iodine emulsion are obtained (by volume) ready to be placed in ampoules. These are tyndallized three times at 600C.
A similar result is obtained by using the iodinated product of the propyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids obtained from linseed oil, or by replacing the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate by the corresponding monolauric, -palmitic or -stearic compound.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE505429A true BE505429A (en) |
Family
ID=145976
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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BE505429D BE505429A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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BE (1) | BE505429A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0294534A1 (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-14 | Kabi Pharmacia AB | Iodine containing emulsion |
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0
- BE BE505429D patent/BE505429A/fr unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0294534A1 (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-14 | Kabi Pharmacia AB | Iodine containing emulsion |
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