BE419526A

BE419526A -

Info

Publication number: BE419526A
Authority: BE

Description

       

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  Nouveau Procédé de Fabrication directe de l'Acier et autres Métaux en partant du minerai , par Albert et André   AURIOL .   



   Ce nouveau procédé de fabrication a pour objet la production directe et rapide du métal en partant du minerai , sans passer par un stade intermédiaire , sans l'emploi du coke métallurgique et par l'utilisation instantanée à leur lieu de formation des gaz provenant des réactions chimiques . 



   Ce nouveau procédé est basé sur la désintégration de la matière et par suite sur la sensibilité de celle- ci en rapport avec son état de désintégration . 



  Plus la matière offre de surfaces sensibles aux agents thermiques et aux réactions chimiques , plus elle permet de séparer d'une façon plus rapide et plus parfaite les corps qui la composent et par suite d'enlever les élé- -ments étrangers ou nuisibles qui enrobent ou sont liés au corps principal . 



   La présente invention consiste à précipiter les diffé- -rentes phases continues du traitement des minerais pulvérulents ou réduits à cet état de désintégration par: I)le préchauffage avancé , ultra rapide , des   matières ;   2)l'élimination de toutes les matières nuisibles suscep- -tibles d'étre évacuées par la haute température ; 
3)la réaction ultra rapide de la désoxygénation des oxydes en'présence d'un agent réducteur ; 4)l'utilisation instantanée à leur lieu de formation des gaz provenant des réactions chimiques ; 5) la fusion du métal obtenu et séparation de sa gangue sous l'influence de la flamme ou de l'arc électrique ;

   

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Ce nouveau procédé permet d'obtenir dans un seul et même appareil , en une seule et même opération , direc- -tement et rapidement , le métal pur ou combiné aux éléments spéciaux formant l'alliage désiré , au moyen du processus suivant : le minerai de préférence préalablement mélangé dans des proportions déterminées à un agent réducteur ainsi qu' aux produits d'addition formant le lit de fusion , le tout désintégré jusqu'à une division moléculaire avancée suivant la nature propre de chaque matière en présence , est amené de préférence   séché ,   dans ce cas porté déja à une température élevée ;

   par exemple , par le passage des produits de combustion sortant du four dans tout appa -reilapproprié , de préférence dans une ou plusieurs tubulures spéciales selon que les matières sont amenées mélangées ou séparées . 



  La température de la matière dans la tubulure d'amenée est réglable par la dérivation en partie ou en totalité des fumées qui dans ce cas peuvent servir au chauffage de l'air de combustion ou d'injection . 



  La matière est amenée ainsi à un ou plusieurs injecteurs pulvérisateurs réglables mécaniques ou autres pouvant être alimentés au moyen de l'air nécessaire à la combus- -tion du gaz CO sortant de la zône de réduction et de gaz supplémentaire si nécessaire ou encore de la   comi-   -naison de ces deux éléments de combustion , ces deux éléments de préférence chauds . 



  Ces injecteurs sont placés dans le bas du four , de préférence dans une direction permettant à la matière de suivre les parois de celui-ci qui , par contact communique à celle-ci sa haute température . 



  Puis la matière toujours dispersée et soutenue dans la flamme arrive au point mort de sa course et retombe en pluie vers le centre par le fait de la forme rentrante des parois du four ; elle rencontre dans sa chute la poussée montante naturelle des flammes . - 

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 L'agent réducteur préalablement chauffé peut être amené - séparément et directement dans la zône de réduction parconséquent sans passer par les injecteurs . 



  Le four est vertical , sa forme importe peu mais sa hauteur est déterminée par le temps d'ascension   et±   de suspension de la matière et par suite de la température que doit atteindre celle-ci . 



  L'injection étant faite par le bas , la matière parcourt deux fois la hauteur du four et son ascensino et sa   susension   sont obtenues d'une façon précise par la force d'injection , la,hauteur% du four , la poussée naturelle des gaz des réactions et autres et l'aspiration des fumées . 



  Cette zône de préchauffage est chauffée par les gaz prove- -nant des réactions chimiques utilisés à leur lieu de for -mation et des produits de combustion de la zône de fusion et par les gaz si nécessaire des injecteurs . 



  La zône de réduction est garantie contre toute oxydation par la formation instantanée et constante du gaz réducteu r CO qui forme une couche protectrice profonde aux couches fines de matière en réduction , se succédant sans inter- -ruption et par suite se couvrant l'une l'autre en se protégeant sans arrét . 



  Cette zone est chauffée intérieurement par la chaleur dégagée par la réaction chimique de la réduction et extérieurement par le passage direct et enveloppant des flammes et fumées provenant de la zone de fusion ; ce passage peut   étre   retardé par leur canalisation dans un circuit circulant autour de la dite zone . 



  Ce chauffage peut être augmenté par un ou plusieurs brûleurs alimentés par tout moyen connu . 



  Au fond de la zône de réduction se forme un magma qui descend au fur et à mesure de sa fusion et dont 1' épaisseur est calculée et maintenue par le réglage de l'injection des matières . 



  Ce magma ainsi ferme complètement la zone de réduction et ne présente à la fusion , à sa partie inférieure , que du métal déja formé et concentré . 

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  Au dessous de ce magma la fusion est obtenue par un ou plusieurs brûleurs alimentés par tout moyen connu ou encore par l'arc électrique . 



  La décantation du métal et de la gangue s'opère dans le creuset . Le laitier peut être évacué au fur et à mesure de sa formation . 



    @   L'on peut modifier avec précision la nature du bain à tout instant et obtenir des produits spéciaux bien déterminés avec une extrème rapidité et une homogénité parfaite car l'on peut introduire dans le four les matières d'appoint nécessaires , de préférence préalablem -ment désintégrées , qui sont uniformément réparties et intimement incorporées et atteignent instantanément la zone de réduction puis de fusion où elles agissent presque immédiatement eu égard à la quantité relativement minime contenue dans le four . 



  REVENDICATIONS. 

**ATTENTION** fin du champ DESC peut contenir debut de CLMS **.



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  New Direct Manufacturing Process for Steel and other Metals from ore, by Albert and André AURIOL.



   The object of this new manufacturing process is the direct and rapid production of the metal starting from the ore, without going through an intermediate stage, without the use of metallurgical coke and by the instantaneous use at their place of formation of the gases resulting from the reactions. chemical.



   This new process is based on the disintegration of matter and consequently on the sensitivity of the latter in relation to its state of disintegration.



  The more surfaces the material offers sensitive to thermal agents and chemical reactions, the more it allows to separate in a faster and more perfect way the bodies which compose it and consequently to remove the foreign or harmful elements which surround or are linked to the main body.



   The present invention consists in precipitating the various continuous phases of the treatment of pulverulent ores reduced to this state of disintegration by: I) the advanced, ultra-rapid preheating of the materials; 2) the elimination of all harmful materials liable to be removed by the high temperature;
3) the ultra rapid reaction of the deoxygenation of the oxides in the presence of a reducing agent; 4) instantaneous use at their place of formation of gases from chemical reactions; 5) the melting of the metal obtained and separation of its matrix under the influence of flame or electric arc;

   

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This new process makes it possible to obtain in one and the same apparatus, in one and the same operation, directly and quickly, the pure metal or combined with the special elements forming the desired alloy, by means of the following process: ore preferably mixed beforehand in determined proportions with a reducing agent as well as with the adducts forming the melt bed, the whole disintegrated to an advanced molecular division according to the specific nature of each material present, is preferably brought dried, in this case already brought to a high temperature;

   for example, by the passage of the combustion products leaving the furnace in any appropriate apparatus, preferably in one or more special pipes depending on whether the materials are fed mixed or separated.



  The temperature of the material in the supply pipe is adjustable by diverting part or all of the fumes which in this case can be used for heating the combustion or injection air.



  The material is thus brought to one or more mechanical or other adjustable atomizing injectors which can be supplied by means of the air necessary for the combustion of the CO gas leaving the reduction zone and additional gas if necessary or of the gas. comi- -naison of these two combustion elements, these two elements preferably hot.



  These injectors are placed at the bottom of the furnace, preferably in a direction allowing the material to follow the walls of the latter which, by contact, gives the latter its high temperature.



  Then the material, still dispersed and supported in the flame, arrives at a standstill in its course and falls back in rain towards the center by the fact of the re-entrant shape of the walls of the furnace; it meets in its fall the natural rising thrust of the flames. -

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 The previously heated reducing agent can be fed - separately and directly into the reduction zone consequently without passing through the injectors.



  The furnace is vertical, its shape does not matter but its height is determined by the time of rise and ± of suspension of the material and consequently of the temperature which it must reach.



  The injection being made from the bottom, the material travels twice the height of the furnace and its ascension and its suspension are obtained in a precise way by the force of injection, the height% of the furnace, the natural thrust of the gases reactions and others and the aspiration of fumes.



  This preheating zone is heated by the gases coming from the chemical reactions used at their place of formation and the combustion products of the melting zone and by the gases if necessary from the injectors.



  The reduction zone is guaranteed against any oxidation by the instantaneous and constant formation of the reducing gas CO which forms a deep protective layer with thin layers of material in reduction, succeeding one another without interruption and consequently covering each other. other by protecting themselves without stopping.



  This zone is heated internally by the heat released by the chemical reaction of the reduction and externally by the direct passage and enveloping flames and smoke coming from the fusion zone; this passage can be delayed by their channeling in a circuit circulating around said zone.



  This heating can be increased by one or more burners supplied by any known means.



  At the bottom of the reduction zone forms a magma which descends as it melts and whose thickness is calculated and maintained by adjusting the injection of materials.



  This magma thus completely closes the reduction zone and presents to the fusion, in its lower part, only metal already formed and concentrated.

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  Below this magma, fusion is obtained by one or more burners supplied by any known means or by the electric arc.



  The decantation of the metal and the gangue takes place in the crucible. The slag can be removed as it is formed.



    @ The nature of the bath can be modified with precision at any time and special, well-defined products can be obtained with extreme speed and perfect homogenity because the necessary additional materials can be introduced into the oven, preferably beforehand. which are evenly distributed and intimately incorporated and instantly reach the reduction and then melting zone where they act almost immediately in view of the relatively small quantity contained in the furnace.



  CLAIMS.

** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.

Claims

A method and the device. to obtain the metal directly and quickly starting from the ore: I) characterized by the fact that the three zones or the three phenomena of heating, reduction and fusion follow one another without interruption in a single device where they% are perform with great rapidity and perfect regularity because these three phases can be monitored, directed, regulated and modified at will and almost instantaneously;

'2) characterized by the fact that the material preferably previously dried, for example by the products of ± combustion leaving the preheating zone, is brought in this preheating zone to a high temperature in almost no time after its state of disintegration, its cantact with the walls of the furnace, its dispersion within the flames, using- <Desc / Clms Page number 5> for this heating the gases of chemical reactions to them. place of formation as well as combustion products.

This intense heating of the material is obtained by one injection of the latter from the bottom while retaining the natural upward movement of the flames and fumes, thus preventing any backflow of air into the reduction zone and avoiding to have to suspend the material by an excess of air or gas blowing as well as by a% outside forced draft inevitably leading to a quantity of the furnace, excessive material in suspension in the fumes and to see by this fact, also, a very strong suction of combustion gases and as a result of heat.

3) characterized by the fact that the arrival freely in the zone of reduction of the material, brought to a high temperature chosen and easily obtained, accompanied by the dosages of additional materials necessary for obtaining the metal with precision desired, is done without the help of any mechanical means, the materials coming to be deposited there in fine layers while preserving their favorable primitive state of disintegration; which allows the reduction to occur almost unsatisfactorily, the reducing agent being in intimate contact with the particles of material.

4) characterized by the fact that the heating of the reduction zone is almost zero because the material arriving there at a temperature that can be raised at will allows the material to remain there for a very short period of time and by this fact only requires heat to maintain, during the phenomenon which is almost instantaneous, that already acquired by the matter itself.

5) characterized by the fact that this heating is obtained by the heat released by the phenomenon itself of the reduction and then by the heat transmitted by the molten magma which by contact significantly raises the temperature of its upper part which is% the part being reduced. In addition, by the enveloping passage or by circuit of the combustion products of the fusi <Desc / Clms Page number 6> Then, if necessary, by adding one or more additional burners supplied by any known means, this making it possible to activate the fusion and to lower the magma in the event of suspension.

6) characterized by the fact that this reduction zone is hermetic although being in direct communication with the preheating zone, communication permitted because the thrust of the CO gas formed in the reduction zone as well as the natural eliciting of the draft caused by the natural rising thrust of the flames and the adjustment, if necessary, of this suction prevents any entry of air and consequently any oxidation in the reduction zone.

7) characterized by the fact that the rapid formation of a magma at the bottom of the reduction zone presenting upon fusion an already concentrated metal whose thickness is calculated and maintained in relation to the speed of the fusion. This crust which is constantly renews intercepts all communication between the zone of fusion and that of reduction.

8) characterized by the fact that the fusion is exceptionally favored by the position of the magma to be melted above the fusion flame circulating in a special curvature in the vault of the crucible allowing to concentrate at this most much of the heat from the flame. first variant: complete process as described but where the external heating of the reduction zone is eliminated; second variant: process as described but with the possibility of bringing the reducing agent, heated beforehand or not, separately and directly into the reduction zone; consequently, without going through the injectors and by following through the preheating zone; <Desc / Clms Page number 7> third variant:

same process as described but in which the preheating zone is replaced, depending on whether the materials are brought mixed or separated, by one or more special tubes, preferably rotating, or by any other suitable apparatus. The materials arrive as in the first case preferably already dried.

6ette or these tubes or apparatuses receive directly the gases of the reactions which pvoquent by their combustion within them the bringing to temperature of the material.

In this case, since the injectors no longer exist, the supply of air, preferably hot, allowing the combustion of the reaction gases to take place directly in the pipes or apparatus. Likewise, these pipes or devices discharging the material into the reduction zone by a special device have this device preferably hermetic because the outlet of the gases from the reduction zone no longer having the same natural upward movement of the first case. more so completely prevents any entry of air into said reduction zone DESCRIPTION.

The furnace, the embodiments of which exposed and forming the subject of the figures of the accompanying drawings are only to facilitate understanding of the present description, by way of example and in no way limiting, consists of three main parts : A / the preheating zone; B / the reduction zone;

C / the fusion zone; - - - - - - - - - - - - - A / a vertical body a) preferably rectangular, the walls of which approach at the top - - spray indectors b) open into the lower part of this body, aligned and in a specific form <Desc / Clms Page number 8> allowing the material to rise dispersed along the - walls and fall back to the center of this body by the re-entrant shape of said walls w - evacuation of combustion products through the upper orifice c).

B / walls a) separating at their base to allow the softened material to descend - - behind these walls circulate in a chamber b) the combustion products coming from the melting zone and if necessary the flames coming from one or of several burners c) - - the lower part of these walls has a retreatment d) which allows the retention of the magma formed at this endrçit - - the exhaust of the combustion products passing and formed in the chamber b) takes place via channel e) to the preheating zone.

C / the crucible a) whose walls b) approach at their upper part forces the heat to be concentrated in this place, - one or more burners c) provide heating - - the combustion products are released by the orifices d) - - For the realization of the claims made above, we claim the device or furnace as shown in the accompanying drawing and described in the patent.