BE360051A - - Google Patents

Description

       

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 EMI1.1
 r6 of tra1tsmaat da ores and d1Vas residues with gasifi = 3'f "'/ (/ at -oat1on s1nm.ltane des, 5" "
 EMI1.2
 The industrial processes employed for the upstream processing of zine and lead ores leave as residues ten produced at a low level of metal. For example the 'cenaros from the aornuee of ovens at Z112! 0 contain sometimes more than 5 zîna and 3usquftâ 10% lead $. The ash also reinforces a not insignificant quantity of 4egent. by the prooda6o of electrolytic manufacture of the 'zine contain up to 50% of bine metal and lead).

   The same remark applies to itimùs% oeie àu lead * Low ores treated with a lead water-jacket contain a certain amount ([IIa11 ..., tity of zinc which passed almost entirely in the ayoyies. think tîtro'w jUI9c; t'Ilà 15 z9 de zino and 0ontem.r at the same time 1 at a% toe leado plus a significant amount of iron. 'Enf: ln,' exis% e was qùanO'i % ée ezooeéwewen% impor% s # tes winorais paÉil axial âes quant1tê19 sstsemely importantas of Binerais pa'n 'voeeo sulphurous or 02ted (2o containing zonez of leada an iron 0 from Gu1ret de llaoegùy <3j oew% from these minerals ores eulf'iU "es complaxes one partio'l11ient: n'on% qatune low value aetnello paJ1? ;; qt1.t there is no means ± allowing it to be treated? faoîlemont.

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   An attempt has been made to treat ores or residues from production containing zinc or lead in shaft furnaces blown in a cold or weakly heated wind. In processes of this nature, a mixture of ore and gas is charged. fuel (usually 10% of the mixture) and the wind is blown cold or at a temperature of 200 to 300 - The temperature obtained in the zone of the nozzles is about 1200 to 1300 'the zinc and lead are volatilized, but only in part;

   a slag often still containing more than 5% of An is poured at the base of the appliance, - The atmosphere of the furnace is oxidizing, the very hot fumes obtained contain a significant proportion of CO2 and SO2. generally passes these fumes under boilers in which a certain quantity of steam produces, but the operation of these boilers is difficult because of the oxide deposits which form on the tubes or tubular bodies. a large quantity of fuel which is generally coke and a large fraction of the charged metals is lost in the slag.

   ,
Finally, the process is all the more difficult to apply as the treated ores are more refractory. The Applicants have found that it is possible to obtain almost complete recovery of the metals contained in the mines, poor grapes or residues. production, by treating in shaft furnaces a mixture of ore or residue, fuel and possibly lime or siliceous flux, a mixture established in proportions such that it contains 25 to 30% of fixed carbon. and that the slag obtained has an SiO2 / CaO ratio generally between
CaO
1 and 2.- The oven is heated by wind heated to a high temperature, above 300. and generally between
400 and 700.



   Under certain conditions:
1 - The combustion of carbon in the zone of the nozzles would be almost exclusively in the oxide state. carbon; thus realizes a furnace with reducing atmosphere.

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  8 - tompêraturo in the% iÀyéT0flJ oe6lbqa zone. '- "oonsid'ra, blame.n: with the cold wind one simply pëshgo.ffé .à. one obtains at aâsimnm 1.0000 in the work of the apparatus:, by bringing the tompdrat-a5cà of the wind blown to QO700 at en bearing the proJj) crti @: i1 of aarbone back signed at S5A 'X5 fol one obtains, in this zone a tompéleateee of 1.600 to 800à0 o 3 @> <=> The earbene of the charges burning in 00 releases only e, 500 oalories per kilo of eabosaf, tànd1s quÉaveo the cold wind or weakly re cl'18i1ff @ the abon @ br61e in.

   the sound of the nozzles ¯ especially in 002 by releasing 80,000 calorîeo per kilo of catbonob It results from these observations that in the furnaces a reduced zone 6! very high and low heat given off by the a0! 11! tool is realized in the ovens. G in @ 9 is immediately used for the fue'in of the laîtîorog the reduction of the oxides and ls] ¯ decomposition of @ sulfidesQ'Dsns oQtta zone ,, metals such as 10 z1n9 leada tin silver, metallofdes9 such as azeanîa, antimony eta .. are volatiliedo, as well as Ozp & aa of alo-alina metals (bitch and iron Ilozydo'de is reduced
 EMI3.2
 in whole or in part depending on the temperature that is achieved
 EMI3.3
 in the openingsp the metallic iron can be cut back to the state of cast iron or be used by the deaoupooîtîon of fixed sulfUres such as eneere & j1l:

  combine with sulfur and close a matte.



  You can adjust the rate for eblenis of the milk blanas. tctalemênt de mâta = such as ZngPb or slags less fGJ1'1 "Ug: many containing small amounts of these conditions # (generally Less than 1 to) when the treated products contain inebriation or . to ep.> metals proposed, such as the silver organism we can add to the ehae "ges, if not contain a cortal proportion of ulfttrated matter3 'one then forms a matte which drains the qu1ret' the silver, Ilorg, and one recovers always the high metals (zinc, lead tin ùtoooo) by v @ latilisation0 the gases pe0daîte in the zono.ase nozzles entrain the metaur.

   prûd'aita volatîlîsêao We can astrain these gases at low

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 height above the nozzles (Om, 50 to Im.00 for example} and then re-cut the $ metals, zinc and lead, in the metallized state, or else, we can let them pass through the entire load:

   in the upper zone of the furnace, the volatilized metals undergo a start of oxidation on contact with the water vapor of the charges, then they leave the furnace entrafed by the gases. These gases are purified by ordinary processes ( electrostatic purification, or by bags, or wet purification) and we thus obtain clean gases containing a high proportion (25 to 30%) of CO and $ 5% of hydrogen. - These gases represent in the potential state 60 to 70% of the calories contained in loaded fuels; we can therefore see that the final treatment has been carried out on ores or residues using almost only the sensible heat of the gases produced by the gasification of the loaded fuels.



   It is quite obvious that the progress of the operation must be carried out in such a way that the extra hot and low height zone varies little; however past charges can never have a perfectly constant composition; the displacement of the melting zone may result in slagging leading to the slowing down or blocking of the furnace; this drawback is remedied at all times by varying the temperature of the hot wind and with the aim of heating this wind using continuous heaters of great flexibility heated by a fraction of the gases produced by the apparatus.



   In all the cases envisaged above, one obtains per 'tonne of mixture charged, 1,500 to. 2,000 cubic meters of gas which, depending on the nature of the fuels and the additions, has a claorifque capacity of 800 to 1,200 calories; a fraction of this gas (10 to 20%) is used for reheating the wind blown into the furnace, the rest is available for all industrial applications (furnaces, engines, boilers, etc.)
The metals volatilized by these processes and which are extracted with the gases from the upper part of the apparatus, are partly in the metallic state,

   partly in the state of mixed oxides

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Claims (1)

EMI5.2 sometimes at "a small amount of SUIÙWQ when the treated products are rich or sulfur. - A crisp roasting," 1 "is easily converted into oxy, easily ettackable by acids, even when the minerals or residues tratdo contain a zinc, the o2ides obtained are particularly suitable for the manufacture of zine by élGQto1ysa0 = In many places it may be advisable to treat first in an oven at 0100 ,, under the special conditions GÎ-d00-aBg the ores d.Zlnû oxidized or 0-alftrês, for transforma:!: 'in oxides with haunted metal content of which in es "' '*' will then treat the electrolytic zine. - By 00 means we obtain with oleetrolyae residues which no longer contain auesoē'quan% 1% é do zinao when the minions or the residues to be treated are pulverized slowly, the briquats can be added with inexpensive fuel addition such as coke dust or deanthraolteo etc.0-and a suitable binder (chattXg magnet, acid etc ...) when the oombnst1bles are in roohe, the fuel added will be any fuel having a suitable iron content.- The height of the charges in the furnace generally varies between 2 and 4 màtraso REVEN.DICA # IONS 10- a process of treatment of ores on rs1dus deivers containing z1op lead0, cadmlnm, etaln, potash, 80'a.âej, aulvroo du foe, le0z, having ..a etc .. with simulbanated gasification of the oombastibloe, oaraetérîod in that one treated in a furnace with cUV'e a mixture of ores or ap. reid'l1 oombustîblos and possibly fondant limestones or silîoüux, mixture established in proportions such that it contains approximately eb to 35 in of fixed carbon and that the slag tobtena has a ratio 8102 oempis generally between 1 and 29 per oven. - '"5D loaded to a height of a to 4 meters, being blown to the ventrêGaUff6 at a dlovâe temperature greater than 800 * 'and generally comprloe between 400 and 7000t the tamperatura of the wind being adjusted to have in the immediate vicinity of the nozzles a low height zone where the oRnpeoeaoure is of the order of 1-600 to 2.0006e eattazone entered ehau & e .ay & B.t the effect of allowing the reduction <Desc / Clms Page number 6> oxides and the decomposition of sulphides and the almost complete recovery of metals, simultaneously having the effect of ensuring the complete gasification of the carbon in the form of a high content combustible gas. carbon monoxide, the very hot zone and low height being kept constant by appropriate variations in the temperature of the wind preferably produced, with the aid of continuous heaters supplied by a portion of the gases supplied by the appliance. 2 - The treatment, under the conditions indicated in 1; a) oxidized ores or residues, such as zinc furnace residues, lead furnace slag, calamine earth, various ores containing zinc, lead, tin, cadmium, iron, etc. ... the metals zinc, lead, tin, cadmium being volatilized and the iron reduced in whole or in part and gathered the state of cast iron in the crucible of the apparatus. b) various ores or residues, complex ores, etc ... containing copper, gold, silver, etc ... with addition to the charges, in the case where the ores are oxidized, sulfur products intended to form a mat containing copper, gold, silver, etc. c) blende in the presence of iron ores or ferruginous materials, the iron reduced by the carbon of the charges composing the zino sulphide in the work of the apparatus and forming metallic zinc which is volatilized, this zinc, possibly mixed with oxide, being, after easy roasting, entirely attachable to electrolysis. 3 - Obtaining zinc and lead in the metallic state by extracting hot gases from a low height above the furnace nozzles. 4 - Simultaneous obtaining, under the conditions indicated in 1. volatilized metals or oxides and gases with high calorific value - 800 to 1,000 calories - evacuated from the furnace at relatively low temperature, a fraction of which can be used after purification for reheating the wind blown in the appliance, EMI6.1 .. - :; "': ...: -.:. <Desc / Clms Page number 7> EMI7.1 , and the 1 Z769te diz90bib, lQ for dao pp11Qat1cns d1versea (ovens EMI7.2 gas metewa, eha-'adiêress etc.qo]