BE1027292A1 - Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and method of preparation and applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of preparation technology of nylon composite materials, in particular a glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and its method of preparation and applications. The composition of the raw materials of the composite material expressed in parts by weight is as follows: 14-86.8 parts of nylon, 8-60 parts of fiberglass, 5-20 parts of polyolefin grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.1 -5 parts lubricant, 0.1-1 part antioxidant; wherein the glass fiber has been subjected to a gas plasma discharge treatment, comprising in particular: placing the glass fiber in a plasma reactor, introducing a gas plasma or a mixture of several gas plasmas, and performing a functional treatment on the surface of the fiberglass with the gas plasma to obtain. According to the present invention, cryoplasma technology is used to treat the surface of the fiberglass, so that the surface of the fiberglass contains functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amino , thereby improving responsiveness and compatibility between fiberglass and nylon, and improving the dispersity of fiberglass in nylon.

Description

Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and method of preparation and applications

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of technology for preparing nylon composite materials, in particular a glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and its preparation process and applications.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND Information on the technical background of the present invention is given only to better understand the general context of the present invention and should not necessarily be taken as an acknowledgment or suggestion in any form meaning that this information is part of the meaning. existing art already known to those skilled in the art. Nylon is an engineering plastic material with the widest and most numerous type range of applications. It exhibits good mechanical properties, heat resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical solvent resistance, self-lubricating property and flame retardant property. In addition, it exhibits good machinability and can be integrally machined into parts with complex structure, widely used in fields such as automobiles, electronic and electrical devices, machinery, rail transport, sports equipment, etc. However, nylon has drawbacks such as high hygroscopicity, poor dimensional stability, poor heat resistance and insufficient hold, which limits the range of applications of nylon materials. Glass fibers can be used to reinforce nylon materials, to significantly improve the dimensional stability, heat resistance, strength and modulus of nylon. CN1417257A provides a blow molding grade glass fiber reinforced nylon. It is to reinforce nylon 6, nylon 66 and nylon 12 with 100-500 parts of alkali-free glass fiber, and the tensile strength can reach 101.2 MPa. CN102492293A discloses a low temperature resistant colored glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 and its preparation process, wherein the composition of glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 0/5614 comprises 40-75% nylon 6, 15-35. % glass fiber, 5-20% toughness agent and other additives, the glass fiber used is alkali free glass fiber, and the tensile strength of the composite material is more than 150 MPa.

Document CN102634206A proposes a composite material of nylon reinforced with glass fibers. It consists of treating the chopped glass fiber without alkali with 0.3-0.8 parts of titanate coupling agent, then reinforcing the nylon material with 15-26 parts of glass fiber in an extruder to obtain a material composite with a tensile strength of 125 MPa. Document CN103044910A provides a very high grade glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 composite material and its preparation process. It consists of reinforcing the nylon material with 50-70% chopped glass fiber and 0-5% glass ball, which can improve the wettability of the resin and the glass fiber by adjusting the viscosity of the nylon 6, to ensure sufficient dispersion and fusion of the fiberglass in the nylon.

CN104231611A discloses a glass fiber reinforced nylon material. It consists of treating the short, flat fibers with 0.1-2% by weight of silane coupling agent and preparing a glass fiber reinforced nylon material with a high content (up to 70% by weight) in an extruder. The prepared nylon material is well colored, has a smooth surface, and exhibits very good resistance to heat deformation, good tensile strength and good impact resistance.

CN104804424A discloses an interfacial compatibilizer for glass fiber reinforced nylon composite materials, in which a carboxyl terminated polycaprolactam oligomer is used as the interfacial compatibilizer, thereby forming a sufficient adsorption layer on the surface of the body. fiberglass and also form an efficient compatible interface with nylon, improving the dispersity of high load fiberglass.

CN105462237A discloses a glass fiber reinforced nylon material and a composition for preparing said glass fiber reinforced nylon material. It consists of treating 20-30 parts of fiberglass with 10-15 parts of silane coupling agent, and the tensile strength of the prepared nylon composite material can reach 350MPa.

- However, in studies of the existing literature on glass fiber reinforced nylon composite materials, the inventor discovered that the fiber dispersity in nylon 0/5614 depends on the compatibility between the glass fiber and the matrix nylon, for this, the existing art adopts a method of adding a coupling agent to improve the compatibility between the fiber and the nylon and thereby promote the dispersion of the fiber in the nylon. However, the treatment time of the glass fiber with the coupling agent is relatively long, and heating is often required during the processing to achieve a good coupling effect. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and its method of preparation and applications. According to the present invention, cryoplasma is used to effect a functional modification on the surface of the glass fiber, which effectively improves the dispersity of the glass fiber in the nylon matrix and effectively improves the mechanical properties of the nylon composite material. . For the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and its preparation process and applications, including the composition of materials raw materials expressed in parts by weight is as follows: 14-86.8 parts nylon, 8-60 parts fiberglass, 5-20 parts polyolefin grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.1-5 parts lubricant, 0 , 1-1 part antioxidant; wherein the glass fiber has been subjected to a gas plasma discharge treatment, comprising in particular: placing the glass fiber in a plasma reactor, introducing a gas plasma or a mixture of several gas plasmas, performing a functional treatment on the surface of the fiberglass to produce groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amino on the surface and thus obtain.

According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the above glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material, which comprises the following steps: thoroughly mixing the nylon, a toughness agent, a lubricant and an antioxidant, introducing the mixture obtained in an extruder and then extruding, and drawing, cooling, drying and granulating the extruded product to obtain.

The glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to the present invention is characterized in that: cryoplasma technology is used to produce functional groups (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amino) on the surface glass fiber 05614, and these functional groups exhibit good reactivity with the carboxyl and amino terminals of nylon and react with nylon during extrusion, which improves the compatibility between the fiber and the fiber. nylon, promote the dispersion of the fiber in the matrix and improve the mechanical properties, heat resistance and dimensional stability of the material. In addition, with respect to the process in document CN201711263708.6, the process according to the present invention consists in producing functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amino on the surface of the glass fiber. during extrusion, the functional groups being able to produce a condensation reaction with the carboxyl and amino terminals of the nylon, and to form a nylon segmented graft on the surface of the glass fiber having good compatibility with nylon. In the above documents, a plasma is used to treat the surface of the carbon microspheres and thus form the hydroxyl and the carboxyl, in order to improve the reactivity between the carbon microspheres and the flame retardant dihydrogen phosphate guanidine, which makes it possible to improve the reactivity between the carbon microspheres and the flame retardant. Compared to CN201711263708.6, the materials to be treated and the purposes of the plasma treatment are different, in the present invention, different plasma atmospheres are required to improve the dispersity of the fiber in the nylon matrix.

Compared to existing techniques, the present invention exhibits the following beneficial effects: (1) According to the present invention, cryoplasma technology is used to treat the surface of the glass fiber, so that the surface of the glass fiber contains functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amino, which can improve the reactivity and compatibility between glass fiber and nylon and improve the dispersity of glass fiber in nylon.

(2) Compared to the existing treatment of glass fibers with a coupling agent, the method provided by the present invention has the advantages such as short processing time, high content of functional groups and good compatibility between the fiber. glass and nylon matrix.

EMBODIMENTS BE2020 / 0614 It should be noted that the detailed description below is only illustrative in order to better understand the present invention.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those well known to those skilled in the art.

Note that the terms used herein are intended to describe embodiments only, rather than limiting the illustrative embodiment according to the present invention.

Unless otherwise indicated, the singular form includes the plural, furthermore, the words used 1ci "include" and / or "include", indicate the presence of the characteristic, step, work, device, component and / or the combination of these.

As the description above, the existing art adopts a method of adding a coupling agent to improve the compatibility between the fiber and the nylon and thereby promote the dispersion of the fiber in the nylon.

However, the treatment time of the glass fiber with the coupling agent is relatively long, and heating is often required during the processing to achieve a good coupling effect.

For this, the present invention provides a composite material of nylon reinforced with glass fibers and its preparation process.

According to an advantageous technical solution, the plasma reactor is a cryoplasma reactor, the discharge mode of which can be any of glow discharge, corona discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, radio frequency discharge. and discharge in - microwave.

According to an advantageous technical solution, the reactive gas plasma is one selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium and ammonia gas or their mixtures.

Preferably, the reactive gas plasma is carbon dioxide or ammonia gas, and glass fiber treated with these two gases can significantly improve the tensile strength and impact resistance of the composite material.

According to a technical solution of advantage, the conditions for the treatment of glass fiber with plasma are as follows: body pressure of 2-5000 Pa, discharge power of 5-1000 W and discharge time of 0, 1-60 min.

According to a technical advantage solution, fiberglass is one selected from continuous fiberglass, chopped fiberglass, crushed fiberglass, alkali-free fiberglass, medium alkalinity fiberglass , high alkalinity fiberglass or mixtures thereof. BE2020 / 5814 According to technical advantage solution, nylon is one selected from nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 46, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 9, nylon 11, nylon 12 , nylon 1010, nylon 1012, nylon 1212 or mixtures thereof.

According to a technical advantageous solution, the polyolefin grafted with maleic anhydride is one selected from low density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, high density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, linear low density polyethylene grafted. maleic anhydride, acid anhydride graft polypropylene, maleic anhydride graft ethylene / propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride graft ethylene / octene copolymer and maleic anhydride graft ethylene propylene rubber or mixtures thereof. According to a technical advantage solution, the lubricant is the one selected from polyethylene wax, microcrystalline paraffin, liquid paraffin, solid paraffin, chlorinated paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax, silicone oil, l stearic acid, butyl stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, oleic acid amide, ethylidene bisstearamide, erucamide and glyceryl trihydroxystearate or mixtures thereof. According to an advantageous technical solution, the antioxidant is one selected from [tetras (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic] pentaerythritol ester (the antioxidant 1010 preferably), 3- ( 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy) octadecyl acrylate (the antioxidant 1076 preferably), N, N'-bis- (3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) hexamethylene diamine (antioxidant 1098 preferably), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (antioxidant 264 preferably), 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol (l (preferably antioxidant 246) and phosphite (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) triester (preferably antioxidant 168) or mixtures thereof.

According to a technical advantage solution, the mixing time of nylon, toughness agent, lubricant and antioxidant is not less than 30 minutes. According to an advantage technical solution, the technological parameters of extrusion are as follows: the temperature of 250-350 ° C, the rotational speed of the main screw of 30-600 rpm, the rotational speed of the screw feed of 30-100 rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 10-200 rpm.

According to an advantageous technical solution, the above 0/5614 glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material and its preparation process are also used in fields such as automobiles, electronic devices, machines, rail transport. , sports equipment, etc.

The present invention will be described in more detail hereinafter via the accompanying examples and figures. In the following examples, the fiberglass is chopped fiberglass supplied by Taishan Fiberglass Limited Liability Company. Nylon is nylon 66 supplied by Shenma Group Limited Liability Company of China. Maleic anhydride grafted POE is supplied by SA Kehua Saibang of New Materials of Shandong. The lubricant is calcium stearate and supplied by Kaixiang Fine Chemical Industry Limited Company of Suzhou. The antioxidant is the antioxidant1098 (BASF). The cryoplasma reactor is model OTF-1200X and supplied by Kejing Limited Liability Company of Hefei Materials Technology.

Example 1 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber and 2 parts of silane coupling agent (KH550) in a high speed mixer , stir for 30 minutes, warm to 80 ° C and continue to stir for 1 hour to obtain a ready-to-use product.

(2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed mixer for 30 minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 ° C, the rotational speed of the main screw of 400 rpm, the screw rotational speed - feed of 30 rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 100 rpm, then pull (the pull speed of 8 m / min ), cool (the cooling temperature of 20 ° C), dry (the air flow out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said material glass fiber reinforced nylon composite.

Example2

A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material 0/5614 comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the gaseous argon plasma to obtain a product of Ready-to-use modified fiberglass, in which the gas pressure is 500 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 400 W, and the discharge time is 20 min. (2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed mixer for 30 minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 ° C, the rotational speed of the main screw of 400 rpm, the feed screw rotational speed of 30 rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 100 rpm, then pull (the pulling speed of 8m / min) , cool (the cooling temperature of 20 ° C), dry (the air flow out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the - granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said material glass fiber reinforced nylon composite.

Example 3 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the nitrogen gas plasma to obtain a fiber product. of ready-made modified glass, in which the gas pressure is 500 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 400 W, and the discharge time is 20 min.

(2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed blender for minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 ° C, the rotational speed of the main screw of 400 tr / min, the feed screw rotating speed of 30 rpm and the side feeding screw rotating speed of 100 rpm / 30 min, then pull (the pulling speed of 8m / min) , cool (the cooling temperature of

20 ° C), dry (the air flow out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the 0/5614 granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said fiber reinforced nylon composite material of glass.

Example 4 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the air plasma to obtain a fiber product. Ready-made modified glass, in which the gas pressure is 500 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 400 W and the discharge time is 20 min. (2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed mixer for 30 minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 ° C, the rotational speed of the main screw of 400 rpm, the feed screw rotational speed of 30 rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 100 rpm, then pull (the pulling speed of 8m / min) , cool (the cooling temperature of ° C), dry (the air flow out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said composite material of nylon reinforced with glass fibers.

Example 5 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the oxygen plasma to obtain a fiber product. Ready-made modified glass, in which the gas pressure is 500 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 400 W and the discharge time is 20 min. (2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed mixer for 30 minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 SE TE 0/5614 speed of rotation of the main screw of 400rpm, the feed screw rotational speed of 30rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 100rpm, then pull (the pulling speed of 8m / min ), cool (the cooling temperature of 20 ° C), dry (the air flow out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said material glass fiber reinforced nylon composite. Example 6 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the carbon dioxide plasma to obtain a fiber product. of ready-made modified glass, in which the gas pressure is 500 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 400 W, and the discharge time is 20 min.

(2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed mixer for 30 minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 ° C, the rotational speed of the main screw of 400 rpm, the screw rotational speed - feed of 30 rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 100 rpm, then pull (the pull speed of 8 m / min ), cool (the cooling temperature of 20 ° C), dry (the air flow out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said material glass fiber reinforced nylon composite.

Example 7 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the ammonia gas plasma to obtain a fiber product of Ready-made modified glass, in which the gas pressure is 500 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 400 W and the discharge time is 20 min. BE2020 / 5814 (2) Weigh 57 parts of nylon, 10 parts of POE grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.5 part of calcium stearate and 0.5 part of 1098 antioxidant, mix them in a high speed mixer for 30 minutes, then combine the mixture obtained with the product obtained in step (1) in the hopper of the extruder and extrude under the following conditions: the temperature of 270 ° C -320 ° C, the speed of rotation of the screw main of 400rpm, the feed screw rotational speed of 30rpm and the side feed screw rotational speed of 100rpm, then pull (the pulling speed of 8m / min), cool (the cooling temperature of 20 ° C), dry (the air flow rate out of the dryer of 30 m / min) and granulate (the rotational speed of the granulator of 15 Hz) the extruded product to obtain said glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material.

Example 8 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber into a cryoplasma reactor and introduce the ammonia gas plasma to obtain a fiber product of Ready-to-use modified glass, wherein the gas pressure is 2 Pa, the radio frequency discharge power is 5 W, and the discharge time is 0.1 min. For the other steps, they are identical to those of Example 7. Example 9 A process for preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh 30 parts of glass fiber in a reactor cryoplasma and introduce the ammonia gas plasma to obtain a ready-made modified fiberglass product, in which the gas pressure is 5000 Pa, the radiofrequency discharge power is 1000 W, and the discharge time is of 60 min. For the other steps, they are identical to those in the example

7.

Performance Tests: The performance of the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material in Examples 1-9 is shown in Table 1, where Example 1 is a comparison group, and the glass fiber used therein. is not subject to functional modification of the surface with cryoplasma.

BE2020 / 5814 Table 1 Examples | Atmosphere Si lafibrede | Resistance to | Temperature Glass resistance is the modified notch impact tensile stress MPa deformation | Charpy in kJ / m2 due to heat in ° C Te 1m 1e a Dioxide of Yes 160.1 243 22.4 carbon 7 Gas Yes 168.7 240 24.2 Ammonia Gas Yes 151.3 239 19.0 Ammonia Gas Yes 170.6 241 25.3 ammonia It can be seen that from the results of the tests given in Table 1, Example 1 describes an existing process of adding a coupling agent to improve the compatibility between the fiber and the nylon ; and Examples 2-9 describe a solution for modifying glass fiber with plasma according to the present invention, and the performance of the nylon composite material obtained is significantly improved compared to Example 1, in particular the tensile strength and impact resistance.

Aiming at the above phenomena and according to further studies, the present further discovered that: since fiberglass discharges in these gases a large number of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and amino occur on the surface of the glass fiber, and these functional groups react with the carboxyl and amino terminals of the nylon during extrusion and cause a graft to form a 0/5614 segment of nylon at the bottom. The surface of the glass fiber having good compatibility with nylon, thereby improving the dispersity of the fiber in the nylon matrix and improving the mechanical properties of the material.

In addition, it can be seen that according to the test data of Examples 2-9, compared with other gases, when carbon dioxide is used as a gas plasma, glass fiber can improve the performance of the composite material more effectively.

The examples below are given by way of example preferably, instead of limiting the present invention, and modifications and variations on the present invention by those skilled in the art are of course possible.

All modifications, replacements and equivalent improvements which respect the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

CLAIMS BE2020 / 5614 1. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material, characterized in that, the raw material composition expressed in parts by weight is as follows: 14-86.8 parts nylon, 8-60 parts glass fiber, 5 -20 parts of polyolefin grafted with maleic anhydride, 0.1-5 parts of lubricant, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant; wherein the fiberglass has been subjected to a gas plasma discharge treatment, namely the modified fiberglass. 2. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the process for preparing the modified fiberglass comprises: placing the fiberglass in a plasma reactor, introducing a gas plasma or a gas. mixing several gas plasmas and performing a functional treatment on the surface of the fiberglass with the gas plasma to obtain. 3. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactive gas plasma is one selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium and ammonia gas or their mixtures; preferably, the conditions for treating the glass fiber with plasma are as follows: body pressure 2-5000 Pa, discharge power 5-1000 W, and discharge time 0.1-60 min; preferably, the plasma reactor is a cryoplasma reactor, the discharge mode of which can be any one of glow discharge, corona discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, radio frequency discharge and micro discharge. -waves. 4. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fiberglass is one selected from continuous fiberglass, chopped fiberglass, crushed fiberglass, alkali-free fiberglass, alkalinity - medium fiberglass, high alkalinity fiberglass or mixtures thereof. 5. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the nylon is one selected from nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 46, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon. nylon 9, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 1010, nylon 1012, nylon 1212 or mixtures thereof. 6. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyolefin grafted with maleic anhydride is one selected from low density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, high density polyethylene. grafted maleic anhydride 0/5614, linear low density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, polypropylene grafted with acid anhydride, ethylene / propylene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride, ethylene / octene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride maleic anhydride and ethylene propylene rubber grafted with maleic anhydride or mixtures thereof. 7. Glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant is one selected from polyethylene wax, microcrystalline paraffin, liquid paraffin, solid paraffin, chlorinated paraffin, oxidized polyethylene wax, silicone oil, stearic acid, butyl stearate, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, oleic acid amide, ethylidene bisstearamide, erucamide and glyceryl trihydroxystearate or mixtures thereof. preferably the antioxidant is one selected from [tetras (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic] pentaerythritol ester (the 1010 antioxidant preferably), 3- (3,5-di -tert-butyl-4-hydroxy) octadecyl acrylate (the antioxidant 1076 preferably), N, N'-bis- (3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) hexamethylene diamine (antioxidant 1098 preferably), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (antioxidant 264 preferably), 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol (antioxidant 246 preferably ) and (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite triester (preferably antioxidant 168) or mixtures thereof. 8. A method of preparing the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises: mixing the nylon well, a toughness agent, a lubricant and an antioxidant. , introduce the mixture obtained into an extruder and then extrude, and draw, cool, dry and granulate the extruded product to obtain. 9. Preparation process according to claim 8, characterized in that the technological parameters of the extrusion are as follows: the temperature of 250-350 ° C, the speed of rotation of the main screw of 30-600 rev / min. , the rotational speed of the feed screw 30-100 rpm and the rotational speed of the side feed screw 10-200 rpm. 10. Applications of the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and / or of the glass fiber reinforced nylon composite material prepared by the process according to claim 8 or 9 in the fields such as as automobiles, electronic devices, machinery, rail transport, equipment , BE2020 / 5614 sportsmen.