AU752627B2 - Portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be used with or without contacts - Google Patents

Portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be used with or without contacts Download PDF

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Publication number
AU752627B2
AU752627B2 AU15493/00A AU1549300A AU752627B2 AU 752627 B2 AU752627 B2 AU 752627B2 AU 15493/00 A AU15493/00 A AU 15493/00A AU 1549300 A AU1549300 A AU 1549300A AU 752627 B2 AU752627 B2 AU 752627B2
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
access
portable
data carrier
data
memory area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
AU15493/00A
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AU1549300A (en
Inventor
Achim Pietig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemia Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Orga Kartensysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7889738&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=AU752627(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Orga Kartensysteme GmbH filed Critical Orga Kartensysteme GmbH
Publication of AU1549300A publication Critical patent/AU1549300A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU752627B2 publication Critical patent/AU752627B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07766—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement
    • G06K19/07769—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement the further communication means being a galvanic interface, e.g. hybrid or mixed smart cards having a contact and a non-contact interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/357—Cards having a plurality of specified features
    • G06Q20/3576—Multiple memory zones on card
    • G06Q20/35765—Access rights to memory zones

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)
  • Calculators And Similar Devices (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Title: Portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be operated with or without contacts The invention concerns a portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be operated with or without contacts. The portable data carrier is preferably constructed in form of a chip card.
Cards with contacts comprise electrical contact surfaces for the purposes of power supply and data exchange with a data input/output unit that comprises corresponding contacts. Cards with contacts have been in use for some time as access cards for GSM mobile radio systems, phone cards, health insurance cards, bank cards etc.
Contactless cards contain a coil as antenna for power supply and for data exchange and a corresponding contactless (inductively) operating data input/output unit. Provided inside the card is an antenna interface, which generates a DC voltage as supply for the microprocessor from the AC voltage induced into the coil.
The antenna interface serves also as a signal converter for the data exchanged between the contactless operating terminal and the microprocessor. The antenna interface is preferably integrated in a semiconductor module together with the microprocessor.
The object of the invention is a portable microprocessorassisted data carrier that combines both functions, that is, contacting and contactless operation. Portable data carriers of this kind are known under the terms Combicard (combination of contact and contactless operation) or dual interface card (card with contacting and contactless interface).
The mode of data transmission between the portable data carrier -and a data input/output unit with contacts naturally varies from the mode of data transmission between the portable data carrier and a contactless operating input/output unit. Different transmission protocols are used for contacting and contactless operation of the portable data carrier. Different transfer protocols T=l, T=14) are even known for contacting operation.
The portable data carriers according to the invention support at least one transfer protocol for contacting operation for example) as well as one transfer protocol for contactless operation.
The portable data carriers according to the invention comprise an operating system, which independent from the data transmission mode processes and manages the data stored in the various memory areas in accordance with the commands received from the respective data input/output unit.
Installed on such an operating system may be one, two or more application programs. Data carriers that have multiple application programs installed are also called multifunctional chip cards. The portable data carrier according to the invention would be called a multifunctional dual interface card. Different memory areas may be assigned to each application. Thus the portable data carrier can comprise, for example, a cash card application supervised by banks and an urban public transport system application operated by a public transport company. In this instance a cash wallet would be assigned as memory area to the cash card application, and a corresponding public transport system wallet would be assigned as memory area to the public transport system application.
Whilst the contacting use of the portable data carrier always presupposes that the owner of the portable data carrier consciously and intentionally inserts it into the corresponding data input/output unit, this conscious and intentional action is not always necessary for data transmission to take place in case of a contactless unit. Due to the often relatively long range of contactless operating data input/output units it is possible for data transfer to take place already when the portable data carrier is, for example, still in a pocket of the data carrier owner. Thus it is possible, for example, that whenever the entry or exit area of a subway station is crossed, an automatic contactless data transfer is established for the purpose of quickly and conveniently paying the fare.
This advantage of a contactless operation, however, constitutes a risk with a portable data carrier that can be used in contacting as well contactless mode. The risk is that hackers could try to access undetected, via a contactless operating data input/output unit, memory areas that are reserved for contacting applications, in which the access to these memory areas normally requires the conscious, intentional insertion of the data carrier into the data input/output unit that operates in contacting mode.
Thus it is the object of the invention to provide a portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier that is operable in contacting and contactless mode, in which it is ensured that no contactless access is possible without the knowledge of the data carrier's owner to memory areas that are assigned to applications for contacting operation.
This object is achieved, according to the invention, in that at least one data transfer-specific access condition is stored in the portable data carrier for at least one memory area. Said access condition defines the condition, depending on the type of data transmission between the portable data carrier and a data input/output unit, under which access to this memory area is permitted.
The access condition may be a single bit, indicating in form of a flag whether access to this memory area with the current type of data transmission (contacting or contactless) is permitted or not.
According to the invention it is proposed that prior to accessing this memory area, that is, prior to executing one of the commands sent by the data input/output device, the data transfer-specific access condition, which is allocated to this memory area, is read by the portable data carrier itself by way of a checking program that is stored in the portable data carrier. It is then checked whether the requested access command is permitted for the current type of data transfer under consideration of the access conditions. The respective access command is only carried out if the checking process revealed that this access is permitted. Stored in the portable data carrier is information concerning the type of the current data transmission, that is, which transmission protocol is currently used.
Thus through the provision of a data transfer-specific access condition according to the invention it has been made certain that access in case of contactless data transmission is denied to particular memory areas, whilst access is permitted in case of contacting data transmission mode.
In one form of embodiment access is generally denied in case of contactless data transfer.
In another form of embodiment the access restriction only applies to certain access modes (commands), whilst other access modes are permitted. For this purpose a single access condition may be provided, which defines for different access modes different conditions under which this access mode is permitted.
Alternatively, a dedicated data transfer-specific access condition is provided for each access mode.
Moreover, the reverse scenario is also within the scope of the invention in which in the instance of contacting transfer access to certain memory areas is denied by means of corresponding access conditions, which are reserved for contactless operation only.
Furthermore, it is also intended to provide, for contacting operation only, at least one data transfer-specific access condition, which defines the condition with respect to the active contacting transfer protocol T=1, T=14) under which access to a memory area is permitted.
The data transfer-specific access condition according to the invention can be entered into a freely programmable, nonvolatile memory of the portable data carrier by authorised bodies using confidential information. Optionally, the access conditions may also be reprogrammed. The programming of the access conditions takes place in so-called initialisation and/or personalisation stages.
Instead of making the access conditions freely programmable, they may also be stored in an unchangeable read-only memory
(ROM).
The invention is explained in detail below by way of the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 depicts the portable data carrier embodied in form of a chip card. For contacting operation the data carrier has on one side electrically conductive contact areas For contactless operation the card body comprises an antenna in form of a coil. For illustration purposes the card body is opened up at two points in the area of the coil.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the portable data carrier. The semiconductor module is shown with microprocessor, memory and integrated antenna interface. Connected to this semiconductor module are the antenna via the respective connections (LA) and the contact areas (Ki) via the respective connections (LKi). Besides the CPU as the central computer, the semiconductor module comprises a read-only memory (ROM) in which are stored at least sections of the operating system, and a random access memory (RAM). There is also a non-volatile, programmable memory (EEPROM), which is subdivided into various memory areas. This memory may also contain, amongst others, part of the operating system. Moreover, it contains the application programs with the corresponding memory areas as data fields.
Fig. 3A is a schematic representation of the portable data carrier in conjunction with a data input/output unit operating in contacting mode; Fig. 3B is a schematic representation of the portable data carrier in conjunction with a data input/output unit operating in contactless mode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic, exemplary representation of the various EEPROM memory areas showing the corresponding access conditions.
Here the i.Memory area is provided as data field for a cash wallet, which is used in conjunction with contacting cash card applications. There is also the j.Memory area that serves as data field for a further wallet, which is used in conjunction with contactless urban public transport applications.
Assigned to the memory area "cash wallet" are 4 access conditions (ZB1, ZB2, ZB3, ZB4), which define the access to this memory area with respect to contacting or contactless operating mode. In the simplest case the access conditions are stored as a 3Nk flag in form of a single bit, which may be set or not set.
Exemplary designations are: ZB1 1: Read command permitted in contacting operation ZB1 0: Read command denied in contacting operation ZB2 1: Update command permitted in contacting operation ZB2 0: Update command denied in contacting operation ZB3 i: Read command denied in contactless operation ZB3 0: Read command permitted in contactless operation ZB4 i: Update command denied in contactless operation ZB2 [sic] 0: Update command permitted in contactless operation Similar designations apply for the access conditions of the urban public transport wallet.
The access conditions themselves can be read internally (inside the portable data carrier) in both operating modes. The readout of the access conditions from the data input/output units is optional. They may only be changed, however, by authorised bodies.

Claims (8)

1. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier that operates in two modes of data transmission, wherein a first of two said modes, data transmission takes place in contacting operation between the portable data carrier and a first, data input/output unit operating with contacts, in a second of two said modes, data transmission takes place in contactless operation between the portable data carrier and a second data input/output unit operating without contacts, the portable data carrier includes at least one memory that is subdivided into various memory areas, in the portable data carrier for at least one of the memory areas at least one access condition is stored which defines under what condition 15 access to the or each memory area is permitted, in the portable data carrier is stored, for the or each memory area, at least one data transmission-specific access condition which defines the condition under which access to the or each memory area is permitted S""in dependence on the mode of data transmission between the portable data carrier and a data input/output unit, .oo the portable data carrier being designed such that the data transfer- specific access condition can be entered by authorised bodies into a S"freely programmable, non volatile memory using confidential information, characterised in that the portable data carrier reads, via a checking program stored in the portable data carrier, the data transfer-specific access conditions assigned to the or each memory area and checks whether in the instance of the respective mode of data transfer currently used, the requested access is permitted under consideration of the data transfer-specific access condition.
2. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to claim 1, characterised in that for the or each memory area a data transfer-specific access condition is provided for contactless operation, which denies, in contactless operation of the portable data carrier any access (all access types, commands) to the or each memory area.
3. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that for the or each memory area a data transfer-specific access condition is provided for contactless operation, which defines in contactless operation of the portable data carrier, different conditions each for 15 at least two different access modes under which access is permitted.
4. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that different data transfer-specific access conditions for contactless operation are assigned to different access modes for the or each memory area, in which said data transfer-specific access conditions define the conditions for the respective access mode in contactless operation of the portable data carrier. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that a data transfer-specific access condition for contacting operation is provided, which denies any access to this memory area in contacting operation of the portable data carrier.
6. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that a data transfer specific access condition for contacting operation is provided for the or each memory area, where said access condition defines different conditions each for at least two different access modes in contacting operation of the portable data carrier under which access is permitted.
7. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that for the or each memory area different data transfer-specific access condition for contacting operation are assigned to different access modes where said access conditions define the conditions for the respective access mode in contacting operation of the portable data carrier under which access is permitted. 15 8. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that for the or each memory area for at least on access mode one data transfer-specific access condition for contacting operation and one data transfer-specific access condition for contactless operation is provided.
9. Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that said data carrier is designed such that the data transfer-specific access condition can be reprogrammed in the data carrier by authorised bodies using confidential information. 11 Portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier according to any one of the aforementioned claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the data transfer-specific access condition is stored in an unchangeable read-only memory of the portable data carrier.
11. Method for implementing the communication between a portable, microprocessor-assisted data carrier and a contacting data input/output unit or a contactless operating data input/output unit, in which the portable data carrier comprises at least one memory that is subdivided into different memory areas, in the portable data carrier for the or each memory area at least one data transfer specific access condition is stored, which defines the condition in dependence on the data transfer mode between the portable data carrier and a data input/output unit under which access to this memory area is permitted, characterised in that, prior to accessing the or each memory area (implementation of an access command sent by the data input/output unit) the portable data carrier itself reads, via a checking program stored in the portable data carrier, the data transfer-specific access conditions assigned to this memory area and checks whether, in the instance of the respective mode of data transfer currently used, the requested access command is permitted under consideration of the data transfer-specific access conditions, and the access command is implemented only if the checking procedure has shown that access is permitted. access is permitted.
AU15493/00A 1998-12-02 1999-11-13 Portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be used with or without contacts Expired AU752627B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19855596 1998-12-02
DE19855596A DE19855596C2 (en) 1998-12-02 1998-12-02 Portable microprocessor-based data carrier that can be operated both contact and contactless
PCT/DE1999/003554 WO2000033247A1 (en) 1998-12-02 1999-11-13 Portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be used with or without contacts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU1549300A AU1549300A (en) 2000-06-19
AU752627B2 true AU752627B2 (en) 2002-09-26

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Family Applications (1)

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AU15493/00A Expired AU752627B2 (en) 1998-12-02 1999-11-13 Portable microprocessor-assisted data carrier that can be used with or without contacts

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1053532A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002531904A (en)
CN (1) CN1289428A (en)
AU (1) AU752627B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9907784A (en)
DE (1) DE19855596C2 (en)
RU (1) RU2216041C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000033247A1 (en)

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JP4678084B2 (en) * 2000-09-29 2011-04-27 ソニー株式会社 Memory device and memory access restriction method
JP4678083B2 (en) * 2000-09-29 2011-04-27 ソニー株式会社 Memory device and memory access restriction method
US7573370B2 (en) 2002-09-05 2009-08-11 Honeywell International Inc. Method and device for storing and distributing information in an RFID tag
DE10250617A1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-19 Thomas Kuhn Chip card security module for improving the security of secret or secure transactions, whereby a secret relationship is established between an end user terminal and the chip card for transmission of secret data between the two
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US8037229B2 (en) 2002-11-21 2011-10-11 Sandisk Technologies Inc. Combination non-volatile memory and input-output card with direct memory access
US7305535B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2007-12-04 Sandisk Corporation Memory cards including a standard security function
EP1496468A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-12 Axalto S.A. Procedure for the memory management in a portable carrier capable for mixed-type connections
US7209995B2 (en) 2003-12-09 2007-04-24 Sandisk Corporation Efficient connection between modules of removable electronic circuit cards
WO2006036080A1 (en) * 2004-09-02 2006-04-06 Zakrytoe Aktsionernoe Obschestvo 'osoboe Konstruktorskoe Byuro Sistem Abtomatizirovannogo Proektirovaniya' Contactless integrated microcircuit
DE102007012966A1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh A method for authenticating a person to a controller and to a device
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JP2010218451A (en) * 2009-03-18 2010-09-30 Toshiba Corp Processing apparatus for mobile electronic device, mobile electronic device, and processing system for mobile electronic device
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US20120235789A1 (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-09-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Ic card, ic card manufacturing method, ic card issuing method, and communication method
US9092713B2 (en) 2011-03-17 2015-07-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba IC card controlling access to files according to conditions, and manufacturing method, issuing method, and communication method of the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19855596C2 (en) 2002-10-24
DE19855596A1 (en) 2000-06-29
RU2216041C2 (en) 2003-11-10
EP1053532A1 (en) 2000-11-22
JP2002531904A (en) 2002-09-24
WO2000033247A1 (en) 2000-06-08
AU1549300A (en) 2000-06-19
CN1289428A (en) 2001-03-28
BR9907784A (en) 2000-10-24

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