AU745583B2 - Clear cosmetic gel composition - Google Patents

Description

AUSTRALIA

Patents Act 1990 Colgate-Palmolive Company

ORIGINAL

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANDARD PATENT Invention Title: Clear cosmetic gel composition The following statement is a full description of this invention including the best method of performing it known to us:- Description Clear Cosmetic Gel Com osition Technical Field The present invention is directed to a clear cosmetic gel composition (for example, a clear soft gel antiperspirant composition) that is a water-in-oil emulsion. The composition of the present invention can include deodorant and/or antiperspirant active materials, to combat body malodor, for example, in axillary regions of the human body, by applying the composition to the human body (for example, to the skin, in axillary regions of the body) The present invention is particularly directed to cosmetic gel compositions, including antiperspirant and deodorant gel compositions, that have reduced whitening and tack, and reduced skin irritation, and which can include increased amounts of the cosmetically active ingredient (for example, increased amounts of antiperspirant active ingredient), and can include other commercially beneficial materials, yet which can be provided as a clear gel product.

Background Art Antiperspirant products are well known in the art. Antiperspirants have appeared in the marketplace in varied dosage forms, such as sticks.

soft solids, soft gels, roll-on, aerosols and creams. Generally, these dosage forms include a solution of the active ingredient in a suitable solvent, a suspension of the active ingredient in a non-solvent, or a multiphasic dispersion or emulsion in which a solution of the active ingredient is dispersed in some continuous phase or in which the solubilized active ingredient constitutes a continuous phase.

Of the above-referred-to dosage forms, the stick form is an example of a solid form, and the soft solid and soft gel are thickened forms which may or may not be solid (for example, under some circumstances, gels can flow). The stick form can be distinguished from a soft solid or soft gel in that, in a stick, the formulated product can retain its shape for extended time periods outside the package, the product not loosing its shape significantly (allowing for some shrinkage due to solvent evaporation). Adjustment of amounts of 15 gelling or thickening agents can be used in order to *o *form a soft gel or stick.

Soft gels or soft solids can be suitably packaged in containers which have the appearance of a stick, but which dispense through apertures (for 20 example, slots or pores) on the top surface of the package. The soft solid products have also been called soft sticks or "smooth-ons", and hereinafter are generically called "soft solids". Reference is made to U.S. Patent No. 5,102,656 to Kasat, No. 5,069,897 to Orr, and No. 4,937,069 to Shin, each of which discloses such soft solids, including physical characteristics thereof such as viscosity and hardness. The contents of each of these three U.S. Patents are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Recently, there has been significant activity in developing clear and translucent antiperspirant sticks and soft gels, particularly to provide sticks and soft gels having increased efficacy (for example, by providing increased amounts of the antiperspirant active in the sticks and soft gels), improved cosmetic characteristics (including reduced whitening, reduced residue and reduced tack), and reduced skin irritation potential providing a product that is "mild").

Clear or translucent antiperspirant sticks consisting essentially of a solution of the active antiperspirant material in a polyhydric alcohol vehicle, gelled by dibenzylidene monosorbitcohol acetal, have been disclosed. Since the gelling agent is inherently unstable in an acidic environ aent and since conventional active antiperspirant materials 1" are acidic, much work has been involved in discovering suitable stabilizing or buffering agents to prevent or slow down acid attack on the acetal gelling agent. Such work has not been completely Ssuccessful. Moreover, these clear or translucent antiperspirant sticks, containing the acetal gelling agent and including a solubilized active antiperspirant material, have the disadvantage of being inherently tacky. Thus, development work: connection with these clear or translucent Santiperspirant sticks containing the acetal gellina agent has focused on discovering suitable anti-tack agents for this dosage form. However, since acid hydrolysis of the gelling agent occurs more rapidly in aqueous solutions, formulators have been forced to avoid using water in the formulations. This severely restricts the ability of the formulator tc develop cosmetically elegant formulations which are simultaneously chemically stable, optically clear, low in tack, low in residue and which have acceptable application aesthetics.

Various other gelling agents have been utilized in antiperspirant and deodorant products. For example, clear stick deodorant compositions have been available for some time. The clear deodorant sticks are generally produced by using stearate soaps as gelling agents for an alcoholic or glycolic solution of an antimicrobial agent and a fragrance.

These deodorant products offer no antiperspirant protection (that is, these deodorant products do not reduce flow of perspiration from a human).

Conventional antiperspirant active ingredients, which are acidic, are not ordinarily used with stearate soap gelling agents, because they are incompatible with the stearate soap gelling agents, 15 due to the chemical interaction between the antiperspirant active material and the soap and consequent inactivation of the antiperspirant active material.

Gelling, for cosmetic compositions, may also be 20 achieved through the use of cellulosic or algin-derived polymer materials. Most of these materials are incompatible with conventional *antiperspirant active ingredients, at levels of the antiperspirant active ingredients required to obtain antiperspirant efficacy. Moreover, the polymer materials are unstable at the low pH normally 'encountered in antiperspirant products.

Concerning wax and soap-gelled sticks, see each of U.S. Patent No. 4,382,079 to Marschner, No. 4,414,200 to Murphy, et al., No. 4,280,994 to Turney, No. 4,265,878 to Keil, No. 3,259,545 to Teller, No. 2,970,083 to Bell, No. 2,933,433 to Teller, et al., No. 2,900,306 to Slater, No. 2,857,315 to Teller, and No. 4,383,988 to Teng.

U.S. Patent No. 4,948,578 to Burger, et al discloses a transparent antiperspirant stick which is an oil-in-water emulsion, containing specific amounts of an antiperspirant effective aluminum salt, a nonionic surfactant which is a C,-C:9 fatty alcohol alkoxylated with from about I0 to about moles ethylene oxide, a liquid oil immiscible with wateri and water, the composition being free of any wax matrix. Illustratively, aluminum chlorhydrate is the antiperspirant salt, the nonionic surfactant is a C. alcohol ethoxylate, and the liquid oil component may be selected from emollient oils, volatile silicones and mixtures of these materials.

U.S. Patent No. 4,944,938 to Potini discloses 15 clear, non-alcoholic, quick drying, antiperspirant S. and deodorant gels, which are stable both at room temperatures and at higher temperatures, are n. on-stinging and leave no white residue on the skin "h gel not the gel not including gelling agents, waxes, clays, or monohydric alcohols having 2-8 carbon atoms. The gels use 3-5 carbon atom trihydric alcohols as coupling agents, these alcohols acting as solublizers in the system and keeping the system stable and clear. The gels can include an e gels can include an 2 5 aluminum active salt; a volatile water-insoluble emollient, such as isostearyl benzoate; a soluble emollient such as cetyl ether; solubilizers such as propylene glycol and glycerine; volatile siloxanes; and water.

Some cellulosic materials, such as hydroxypropylcelluouse, among others, are compatible with polyvalent metal salts and have been used in the manufacture of clear lotions. These cellulosic materials, however, must be prepared with a high percentage of water or alcohol in order to insure solubilization of the active ingredient. The resulting formulations, in addition to a high irritation potential, are tacky and pituitous, and low in efficacy, when alcohol-based; and exhibit tackiness and a long drying time when water-based.

Clear or translucent antiperspirant soft gels (which have been dispensed from containers having the appearance of stick) have recently been marketed, consisting of viscous high-internal-phase emulsions. These soft gels exhibit some advantages over the aforementioned sticks, particularly acetal-based clear sticks, in that the selection of 15 formulation ingredients is less restricted (for example, water can be used), and often tack can be reduced significantly. Concerning these emulsions, note U.S. Patent No. 4,673,570 to Soldati and No. 4,900,542 to Parrotta, et al. These two U.S.

20 patents disclose clear gelled antiperspirant compositions free of waxes and conventional gelling agents, containing a volatile silicone fluid, a silicone emulsifier, a destablizing auxiliary emulsifier, water, non-volatile emollient, a coupling agent, an active antiperspirant component and ancillary agents such as perfume, coloring agents, etc. The silicone emulsifier is a cyclomethicone-dimethicone copolyol silicone fluid marketed by Dow Corning Corp. under the trademark DOW CORNING 3225C formulation. The contents of these two U.S. patents are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Also to be noted is PCT (International application) Publication No. WO 92/05767. This patent document discloses a clear gel-type cosmetic producz having a viscosity o! at leasz 50,000 cps at 3 and a refractive index of 137-.05a 21'C, and ha-vina ar. o-ptical clarity becter than 30 NT3 (Neohelcrrecric Tubidity Units) at 214C, :eproduct being an emulsicn with a water phase having an active ingredient incorporated therein and With an o-Lil phase. The refractive indices (measured at 5393A) cf the water and oil phases match to within 0.0004. The oil phase includes an e-mulsi-fier which when proiperl% aixed with =he water phase c:Aonent yields a water-in-oil erulsion, and the waater phase includes one or a conbination of various polar species s-.ah as water, propylene glycol., sorbitol and ethancol. The water phase includes the deociora~n: a.ncior antaperspirant active ingredient.

T'he contents of t'his PCT (International applicaticn,! Publicaticn-r N.o. 92/05767 are incor-)crated herein reference i.n their entirety.

uroicean Patent Speci: 4 -car- -on Publication N'o.

0 373 499 BI to ~oiidescrib:es a clear non-al-oholic, 7i1ck drying, highly active, azilpers-pirant and deodorant gel. The ccnrpositions ccnprise volacile ~Siloxanes and use polyhydri.: al.cohols as solubilizers.

PCT (:xra:nlapplication) Publication No.

011/08732 to Kwass describes an optically clear Liquid anti nersp-4ra.: -roll-on product in the forn of: a stable water-in-oil emulsion. Examples cf stabilizing agents inaclude a polval.koxylated alcohol and a lower alcchol having a molecular weight less than the roiYalkoxylated alcohol.

hile vari'OuS cosmnetico gel cc~nositicns, including anciperspi-4rant and deodoranc Compcsi:tClns, that are clear, are knc-Am. it is still desired tc provide a-clear ccsmetic gel composition ie-., clear antiperspirant and/or deodorant gel composition) having an increased amount of cosmetically active material antiperspirant agent) and also having other materials providing advantageous cosmetic effects in the composition, while maintaining a clear composition; having reduced whitening and tack; and which is mild and has reduced skin irritation potential relative to commercially available products.

Disclosure of the Invention: The present invention provides a clear and mild cosmetic gel composition made by combining: water; at least one coupling agent; at least one polypropylene glycol; 15 an antiperspirant active ingredient in an amount sufficient to have an antiperspirant effect when applied to human skin; a non-volatile silicone fluid; a volatile silicone fluid; an emollient having a refractive index of 1.40 to 1.50; and an alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent; wherein components to form a water-in-oil emulsion, the emollient is in the oil phase, and the composition has a refractive index of 1.4026 to 1.4150, and wherein a soft gel is formed.

In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention is made by combining in percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition: 8% to 30% in total of components and of claim 1 wherein the 8% to 30% includes 0.2 to 2.0% of the alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent and 10% to 30% of at least one coupling agent.

In a further preferred embodiment, the antiperspirant active ingredient is included in the the clear and mild cosmetic gel composition of the present invention in an amount of 10% to 35% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

Preferably, the emulsion of the clear and mild cosmetic gel composition of the present invention has an optical clarity less than 50 NTU.

In a further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a clear and mild cosmetic gel composition wherein each of a mixture of components to and a mixture of components to has a refractive index and with a difference between the refractive indices of (a) and of less than 0.0005.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the clear and mild cosmetic gel composition of the present invention has a viscosity of 75,000 to 350,000 cps at a temperature of 20 degrees C to 25 degrees C.

Accordingly, by the present invention, a clear cosmetic gel composition can be provided, having increased amounts of antiperspirant 15 active ingredients and having other high refractive index beneficial materials in the composition while maintaining clarity of the composition. The composition is easy to manufacture. The composition has improved tack, a cool sensation, a silky feel and imparts no white residue on dry down ~compared to commercially available products. Moreover, compositions of the present invention incorporating a polypropylene glycol component have improved mildness (have reduced skin irritation potential) as compared to commercially available products, and have improved cosmetic properties (including reduced tackiness) and reduced white residue upon application.

Throughout this specification, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention While the invention will be described in connection with specific and preferred embodiments it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. To the contrary, it is intended to cover all alterations, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Throughout the present disclosure, the present invention is described primarily in connection with a clear soft gel antiperspirant composition.

However, the present invention is not limited to soft gel compositions or to antiperspirant compositions. For example, compositions according to the present invention can be clear deodorant compositions. Moreover, depending on additional or other active ingredients included in the composition, the composition can also be an emollient composition, an 15 analgesic (methyl salicylate) composition, a sunscreen composition, etc.

Various active materials incorporated in cosmetic compositions are disclosed in U.S. Patent o o° ooo 0*S* 0Se* 4 4 4 11 No. 4,322,400 to Yuhas, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Throughout the present specification, "active antiperspirant" and "active deodorant" materials are discussed. Both types of materials contribute to reduction of body axillary) malodor. By reduction of body malodor, we mean that, generally there is less body malodor after application of a composition to the person's skin as compared to the person's body malodor without application of the composition. Such reduction can be due to a masking of the malodor, absorption and/or chemical reaction of the malodorous material, reduction of levels of the bacteria producing the malodorous material, from perspiration, reduction of perspiration, etc. The antiperspirant active materials, when utilized in an antiperspirant effective amount in the composition, act to reduce body malodor by reducing production of perspiration; however, these antiperspirant active materials can also have a deodorant function, as an antimicrobial agent.

The deodorant active materials do not substantiallreduce the production of perspiration, but reduce malodor in other ways, as fragrances masking the malodor or reducing the malodor intensity, as odor absorbents, as antimicrobial agents, as agents chemically reacted with malodorous materials, etc.

Throughout the present specification, where compositions are described as including or comprising specific components or materials, it is contemplated by the inventors that the compositions of the present invention also consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited components or materials. Accordingly, throughout the present disclosure any described composition of the present 4.

o 44 4 5 4

E€

4.44 4 4 5 ft invention can consist essentially of, or consist of, the recited components or materials.

A desired feature of the present invention is that a clear, or transparent, cosmetic gel composition clear or transparent deodorant or antiperspirant gel composition) can be provided.

The term clear or transparent (that is clarity), according to the present invention, is intended to connote its usual dictionary definition; thus, a clear, cosmetic gel composition of the present invention allows ready viewing of objects behind it.

By contrast, a translucent composition allows light to pass through, but causes the light to be so scattered that it will be impossible to see clearly objects behind the translucent composition. Optical clarity of compositions of the present invention can be measured using a turbidimeter, and desirably is better than 50 NTU measured at room temperature 0 -25 0

C).

The present invention contemplates a clear cosmetic gel composition which is a water-in-oil emulsion. The aqueous phase of this emulsion contains water and at least one cosmetically active ingredient, with the cosmetically active ingredient being in the composition in an amount so as to have a cosmetic effect. The oil phase of the emulsion includes a high refractive index material (a material having a refractive index in the range of 1.40-1.50), and desirably also includes silicone fluids, and preferably contains both volatile and non-volatile silicone fluids. The compositions according to the present invention also include at least one coupling agent to bring the aqueous phase and the oil phase into a homogeneous composition, f -I and an alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent to provide a water-in-oil emulsion. According to this aspect of the present invention, the composition has a refractive index in a range from about 1.4026 to 1.4150. This range for the refractive index is higher than the maximum of the range described in PCT International Application Publication No. WO 92/05767. By utilizing a higher refractive index, in a range as disclosed in the present application, clarity of the composition can be maintained, while increased amounts of cosmetic active ingredient antiperspirant active ingredient such as an antiperspirant aluminum-containing salt) can be incorporated in the 15 composition; and high refractive index materials providing advantageous benefits to the composition can be incorporated in the aqueous and oil phases of the composition.

2 The material, incorporated in the oil phase, which has the high refractive index, desirably is an emollient, and preferably has a refractive index in the range of 1.43 to 1.47, most preferably 1.45 to 1.47.

2 Desirably, refractive indices of the mixture of aqueous phase and at least one coupling agent, on the one hand, and the mixture of the oil phase and alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent, on the other, match each other to within 0.0005; that is, a difference between (1) the refractive index of the mixture of aqueous chase and coupling agents and the refractive index of the mixture of oil phase and alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent, is less than 0.0005.

:ri- 14 An optically clear cosmetic antiperspirant or deodorant) gel composition that is visually clear, and, like glass, allows for the viewing of the objects behind it, is achieved. In particular, a composition having an optical clarity better than 50 NTU at room temperature (20 0 -250C), preferably having a turbidity measurement less than NTU, more preferably less than 20 NTU, can be achieved.

Moreover, the clear cosmetic gel composition of the present invention, which is in the form of a macro-emulsion as contrasted to a micro-emulsion, does not need to contain wax or gelling agents such as soaps, cellulosic materials or algenites.

Furthermore, the composition according to the present invention does not require polydimethylcyclosiloxane, although the present compositions may contain this material.

The gel emulsions according to the present 20 invention are stable and optically clear, are cosmetically elegant, and are capable of being delivered from a suitable applicator package. They are easily applied to the skin and have a smooth, silky feel and a cool sensation, yet are fast-drying 25 and non-tacky. These compositions of the present invention may be prepared by a batch process, or a continuous or semi-continuous process, and the processes yield compositions which are stable, highly efficacious and possess excellent aesthetic qualities.

Where the composition is an antiperspirant gel composition, any of the known antiperspirant active materials can be utilized in the composition of the present invention. Suitable materials which may be mentioned by way of example include aluminum chlorhydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium hydroxychlorides, complexes or adducts of the above-mentioned active ingredients with glycol, such as propylene glycol (for example, "Rehydrol" II from Reheis Chemical and combinations thereof.

Known aluminum-zirconium salts in combination with neutral amino acids, such as glycine I0 aluminum-zirconium tetrachlorohydrex Gly) can also be used. Generally, any of the Category I active antiperspirant ingredients, listed in the Food and Drug Administration's Monograph on Antiperspirant Drug Products for overall-the-counter human use 15 (October 10, 1973) can be used. In addition, any new ingredient, not listed in the Monograph, such as aluminum nitratohydrate and its combination with zirconyl hydroxychlorides and nitrates, or aluminum-stannous chlorohydrates, can be S 20 incorporated as an antiperspirant active ingredient in antiperspirant compositions according to the present invention.

Antiperspirant active materials can be, but are not limited to, the following: S Antiperspirant Actives Astringent salt of aluminum Astringent salt of zirconium Aluminum bromohydrate Aluminum chlorohydrate Aluminum dichlorohydrate Aluminum sesquichlorohydrate Aluminum chlorohydrex

PG

Aluminum dichlorohydrex

PG

Aluminum sesquichlorohydrex

PG

Aluminum chlorohydrex

PEG

Aluminum dichlorohydrex

PEG

Aluminum sesquichlorohydrex

PEG

Aluminum chloride Aluminum sulfate Aluminum zirconium chlorohydrate Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate Aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate Aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate Aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrate Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex Gly Aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex Gly Aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrex Gly Aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrex Gly Buffered aluminum sulfate Potassium alum Sodium aluminum chlorohydroxy lactate The preferred antiperspirant materials include Rezal 36G, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate or aluminum chlorhydrate.

The amount of active component that can be used will vary with the particular active ingredient S*incorporated. As a general rule, an antiperspirant product should contain an active antiperspirant 20 material in an amount anywhere from about 10% to about 35% by weight, of the total weight of the composition, more preferably from about 20% to about 30% by weight, of the total weight of the composition. The active antiperspirant material utilized in the compositions of the present invention can be pre-dissolved in water or in another solvent (for example, in propylene glycol), or can be in powdered form, and may be buffered or unbuffered. Preferably, the antiperspirant materials are present in solution in a solvent therefor.

Where a deodorant active material is utilized, any deodorant active material which can be dissolved in the aqueous phase can be utilized.

Illustratively, the deodorant active material can be 2, 4, 4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether (triclosan), and/or benzethonium chloride. Where 17 the deodorant ingredient is used in place of the antiperspirant active ingredient, a deodorant gel composition (rather than an antiperspirant gel composition) would be provided.

Amounts of cosmetically active ingredients incorporated are those sufficient to have a cosmetic effect. For example, where a deodorant active ingredient such as triclosan is incorporated, amounts thereof as conventionally used in the art 0 can be incorporated in the composition according to the present invention.

SThe aqueous phase includes one or a combination of various polar species, and includes at least water (refractive index of 1.3333). Other polar 15 species include polyhydric alcohols and derivatives thereof esters and ethers thereof) Illustratively, water can be included in the composition in an amount in the range of 20% to by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

20. At least one coupling agent is included comth in the Composition of the present invention. Such couoplin agent is illustratively (but not limited to) the following: Ethyl alcohol 2 -ethylhexanol Ethylene carbonate N-methylglucamine Linear ethoxylated polymer of methanol Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Propoxylated oleyl alcohol Butyl stearate Butyl myristate Isopropyl alcohol SD-40 alcohol Mineral Spirits PPG myristyl ether PPG 2-8) lauryl ether Dipropylene glycol Sorbitol PPG (2-10) cetyl ether PEG-6 diisopropyl adipate Methoxy PEG-22 dodecyl-glycol copolymer Glyceryl monoacetate sorbitol PEG-3 oleyl ether phosphate oleyl ether lanolate PPG-(2-8) isostearate Propylene glycol methyl ether PPG-(2-3) methyl ether PPG-14 butyl ether Ethoxylated (2-20 moles) glucose Propoxylated (2-20 moles) glucose Stearyl ether PPG-(5-20) methyl glucose ether Isoprene glycol Propylene carbonate Glycerine This coupling agent acts to stabilize the 20 emulsion and also acts as a clarifying agent.

Moreover, various of these coupling agents, such as alcohol, aid in drying and has a cooling effect, providing advantageous aesthetic properties for the composition.

The coupling agent is preferably a low molecular weight alcohol such as, but not limited to, an alcohol having from about 2 to about carbon atoms, preferably from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; or a glycol such as, but not limited 30 to, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, isoprene glycol and dipropylene glycol; glycerine, sorbitol and/or propylene carbonate. The coupling agent can be one compound or a mixture of compounds.

Illustratively, the coupling agent is present in an amount of from about 10% to about 30% by weight, preferably from about 14% to about 25% by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

19 The oil phase according to the present invention is, desirably, a silicone oil phase, so as to provide a water-in-silicone oil emulsion. The total of oil phase and siloxane surface active agent preferably makes up from about 8% to about 30% by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

This surface active agent is an emulsifier which, when properly mixed with the aqueous phase components, oil phase components and coupling agents, yields a water-in-oil emulsion. The oil phase is desirably a blend of liquids.

The oil phase can include, illustratively, a volatile silicone fluid such as cyclomethicone and a non-volatile silicone fluid such as dimethicone; 15 however, the composition of the present invention need not include both the volatile and non-volatile silicone fluids. Where the composition includes the volatile silicone, it is preferred that such volatile silicone be a polydimethylcyclosiloxane, present in an amount up to about 18% by weight, of the total weight of the composition, preferably from about 4% to about 12% by weight, of the total weight of the composition. Preferred polydimethylcyclosiloxanes are those named cyclomethicones, exemplified by the formula

((CH

3 SiO), where x is a number from about 4 to about 6. Preferred cyclosiloxanes are cctamethylcyclotetrasiloxane decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and blends of tetramer and pentamer cyclomethicones. Commercial cyclosiloxanes which can be utilized as part of the composition of the present invention include, illustratively, Dow Corning 244 fluid, Dow Corning 245 fluid, Dow Corning 344 fluid and Dow Corning 345 fluid (from Dow Corning Corp.).

The oil phase preferably is a mixture of a volatile silicone fluid (such as cyclomethicone), a non-volatile silicone fluid (such as dimethicone), and a high refractive index compatible emollient such as phenyl trimethicone. This high refractive index emollient has a higher refractive index than that of the silicone fluids (volatile silicone fluid and/or non-volatile silicone fluid) of the oil phase.

The alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent is preferably, but not limited to, a dimethicone copolyol. An illustrative alkoxylated silicone-containing surfactant utilizable according to the present invention is 15 cetyl dimethicone copolyol, referred to in U.S.

Patent No. 5,162,378 to Guthauser. Illustratively, the alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent is included in t.he composition in an amount of 0.2% to 2% by weight, of the total weight 20 of the composition.

A specific cyclomethicone-dimethicone copolyol fluid which can be utilized to provide the alkoxylated silicone containing surface active agent is a mixture of cyclomethicone and dimethicone 25 copolyol designated as DC3225C from Dow Corning Corp. This is a polyether substituted silicone of cyclomethicone and dimethicone copolyol (refractive index (RI) 1.3994). This DC3225C, which is an emulsifying agent, is useful for preparing stable water-in-oil emulsions where a silicone makes up a large portion of the oil phase, and is a dispersion of a silicone surfactant (dimethicone copolyol) by wt.) in cyclomethicone (Dow Corning 344 Fluid) (90% by wt.).

:c~ci~c r- 7.~ The mixture of cyclomethicone and dimethicone copolyol fluid is present in the composition illustratively, in an amount of from about 4% to about 20% by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

Various materials incorporated in the water-based phase and in the oil-based phase, and their refractive indices (as measured using the Bausch and Lomb Abbe 3L Refractometer), are set forth in the following: Water-based phase S Ingredient RI at 210C Al-Zr Tetrachlorohydrex GLY 1.

15(Rexal 36G (cone) 46%).4185 15 SD40 Alcohol Butanediol 1.3644 Propylene Glycol 1.4510 1,3-Butylene Glycol 1.4334 Dipropylene Glycol 1.4404 Propylene Carbonate 1.4415 Sorbitol 1.4216 Isoprene Glycol 1.4605 1.4422 Tween Carbowax PEG 200 1.4725 25 Carbowax PEG 300 1.4589 SCarbowax PEG 400 1.4650 Tween 20 1.4671 Water (Deionized) 1.4705 Glycerine 1.3336 1.4743 Oil-based phase Ingredient RI at 210C Dimethicone (DC 200 (50cs)) 1.4049 Phenyl Trimethicone (DC 556) 1.4614 Polyisobutylene (Panalane L-14E) 1.4592 Diisopropyl adipate (Dermol DIA) 1.4248 Polydecene (Silkflo 362NF) 1.4448 Polydecene (Silkflo 364NF) 1.4554 Polydecene (Silkflo 366NF) 1.4595 Diisopropyl Sebacate (Pelemol DIPS) 1.4337 Octyl Isononanoate (Dermol 89) 1.4366 ii~i -1 Isostearyl Stearate (Estalon ISS) Dermol G-76 DC Q2-5220 DC 3225C 1.4565 1.4988 1.4536 1.3994 The composition according to the present invention can include additional cosmetically active ingredients such as emollients, humectants, antiseptics, antioxidants, chelating agents, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, fragrances and preservatives, as known in the art, which ingredients include, but are not limited to, the following: Emollients 9 9 9* 9. 9 9 Stearyl alcohol Glyceryl monoricinoleate Glyceryl monostearate Sulphated tallow Propylene glycol Mink oil Cetyl alcohol Stearyl stearate Isopropyl isostearate Dimethyl brassylate Diisopropyl adipate n-dibutyl sebacate Diisopropyl sebacate 2-ethyl hexyl palmitate Isononyl isononanoate Isodecyl isononanoate Isotridecyl isononanoate 2-ethyl hexyl palmitate 2-ethyl hexyl stearate D-(2-ethyl hexyl) adipate) Di-(2-ethyl hexyl) succinate Isopropyl myristate Isopropyl palmitate Isopropyl stearate Stearic acid Isobutyl palmitate Isocetyl stearate Oleyl alcohol Isopropyl laurate Sorbitan Stearate Hydrogenated Castor Oil Hydrogenated soy glycerides Hexyl laurate Decyl oleate 20 Emollients cont.

Octacosanol Butyl stearate Glyceryl monostearate Polyethylene glycols Oleic acid Triethylene glycol Lanolin Castor oil Acetylated lanolin alcohols Acetylated lanolin Petrolatum Isopropyl ester of lanolin fatty acids Mineral oils Butyl myristate Isostearic acid Palmitic acid PEG-23 oleyl ether Olelyl Oleate Isopropyl linoleate Cetyl lactate Lauryl lactate Myristyl lactate Quaternised hydroxy alkyl aminogluconate Vegetable oils Isodecyl oleate Isostearyl neopentanoate Myristyl myristate Oleyl ethoxy myristate Diglycol stearate Ethylene glycol monostearate Myristyl stearate Isopropyl lanolate Paraffin waxes Glycyrrhizic acid Hydrocyethyl stearate amide Humectants S.0 me"S Urea Glycerin Sorbitol Sodium 2-pyrrolidone-5carboxylate Soluble collagen Dibutyl phthalate Gelatin Polyglycerogen Propylene glycol Butylene glycol Ethyl hexanediol

C

1 1 0 polyethylene glycols Hyaluronic acid Lactic acid sodium pyrrolidone cArboxylate Sodium lactate Orotic acid Antiseptics/Preservatives /Antioxidants Chelating Agents Cetyl pyridinium chloride Tribromosalicylanilide Benzalkonium chloride Dehydroacetic acid Methyl paraben Propyl paraben Sodium dehydroacetate EDTA Benzyl alcohol Chlorobutanol Dichlorobenzyl alcohol Phenethyl alcohol Antiseptics/Preservatives /Antioxidants/Chelating Agents cont.

Phenoxyethano 1 Propylene glycol Chloroacetamide Imidazolidinyl urea Butyl paraben Butylated Hydroxy An iso 1 Ethyl paraben 5-chloro-2 -methyl -4isothiazolin-3-one 2-methyl-4-isothiazol- 3-one formaldehyde Butylated Hydroxy Toluene DMDM hydantoin 2 -bromo-2 -nitropropane- 1, 3-diol Sorbic acid citric acid Triclosan Diazolidinyl urea Benzoic acid Propyl gallate Sodium benzoate Potassium sorbate Chloroxylenol TetrapotassiUm pyrophosr Benzoxiquine 5-bromo-5-nitro-1, 3-dioxane Glutara 1 Tocopherol Zinc pyrithone.

Sodium borate Boric acid Isobutyl paraben 2- (hydroxymethylamine) -ethanol Paraformaldehyde Trimerosol Dodecyl gallate Hydroquinone Phenol Sodium pyritione Stearalkoniun chloride 20 Chiorobutanol Quaterrijum- 11 U.V. absorber-i Disodium phosphate Trisodium

HEDTA

Benzethonium chloride Sodium methyl paraben

DMHF

MDM hydantoin 0-phenyiphenol Chiorhexidine digluconate Myristalkonium chloride Ascorbylpa imitate Isopropyl paraben Quaternium-is Benzylparaben Phenyethyl alcohol Phosphoric acid sodium 0-phe 'nyl phenate Chiorhexidine dihydrochioride Phenoxyisopropanol Resorcinol Dichlorophen, sodium salt T-butyl hydroquinone Dichlorophen Methylbenzethonium chloride Chlroacetamide Phenylmercuric acetate Ascorbic acid Benzyl benzoate Hydantoin Sodium sulfite Sodium bisulfite Iodine U.V. Absorbers

POO*

2 -hydroxy-4 methoxybenz ophenone Octyl dimethyl p-aminobenzoic acid Digalloyl trioleate 2, 2 -dihydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone Ethyl 4 -[bis(hydroxypropyl)

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amirlobenzoate 2 -ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3 ,3diphenylacrylate Ethyl hexyl p-methoxy cinnamate2 Ethyl 4 (bis (hydroxypropyl)) ethylhexylsalicylate Menthyl anthranilate p-dimethyl aminobenzoate aminobenzoate sulfonic acid Benzophenone-8 Benzophenone-6 Benzophenone-2 Benzophenone-1 Amyl dimethyl PABA Benzophenone-4 Benzophenone-9 According to another aspect of the present invention, the aqueous phase further includes at least one polypropylene glycol, preferably tripropylene glycol. By including, e.g., tripropylene glycol in the composition, illustratively, in an amount in the range of 1% to 20% by weight, of the total weight of the o* composition, a clear cosmetic antiperspirant) gel composition can be achieved, having desirable 20 cosmetic properties such as reduced tack and reduced whitening.

While not being held to any theory, it is also thought that use of the glycol, especially a relatively high molecular weight glycol, e.g., tripropylene glycol, may reduce irritation potential by preventing other irritating agents from permeating into the skin, by preventing mechanical chafing of the skin through extended lubrication of the aluminum salt active particles on the skin surface, and, where appropriate, by avoiding any irritation by propylene glycol.

According to this aspect of the present invention, the aqueous phase can include a mixture of polypropylene glycol tripropylene glycol) and propylene glycol. Where the composition includes a mixture of both tripropylene glycol and propylene glycol, the mixture illustratively can be 27 included in the aqueous phase in an amount in the range of 1%-25% by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

While not limiting, in preferred embodiments the mixture of oil phase and alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent comprises from about 10% to about 30% by weight, of the total weight of the composition, and the combination of aqueous phase and coupling agents make up from about 70% to about 90% by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

In manufacturing the composition, and to provide an optically clear product (for example, an optically clear antiperspirant product), refractive 15 indices of a mixture of oil phase and alkoxylated, alkyl substituted silicone surface active agent, on the one hand, and a mixture of the aqueous phase and •the at least one coupling agent, on the other, are measured using a suitable refractometer such as a Bausch and Lomb Abbe 3L Refractometer, and the refractive index of one of these mixtures is adjusted as necessary in order to have a refractive index of one mixture that is within 0.0005 of the other mixture. In particular, in connection with antiperspirant compositions according to the present invention, the oil phase and alkoxylated, alkyl substituted silicone surface active agent are mixed and the refractive index of the mixture is optically measured. The aqueous phase is formulated using, inter alia, the active ingredient and water, and the coupling agent is mixed therewith and the refractive index of this mixture of aqueous phase and coupling agent is optically measured. If the two mixtures do not match within 0.0005, refractive indices of either mixture can be adjusted. Preferably, the mixture including the aqueous phase has its refractive index adjusted by adding a coupling agent or water to change the refractive index so that it matches the refractive index of the mixture of oil phase and surface active agent, to at least 0.0005, at 21 0 C. Adding the coupling agent to the aqueous phase increases the refractive index of the mixture, while adding water to the aqueous phase reduces the refractive index of the mixture. Following adjustment, the mixtures are again optically measured to verify sufficient matching of the refractive indices. The mixture of the aqueous phase and coupling agent is then slowly added to the mixture of the oil phase and alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent, with turbulent agitation; optionally, fragrance can then be added, and the mixture sheared by passing the resulting emulsion through a colloid mill or other suitable high shear emulsifier) to form a stable water-in-oil emulsion with desired viscosities, illustratively, in excess of 40,000 cps at room temperature (20 0 -25 0 preferably, between 75,000 and 350,000 cps, more preferably between 120,000 and 325,000 cps, most preferably between 25 200,000 and 325,000 cps.

After formation of the composition having the desired viscosity, the composition can then be packaged into conventional packages, using conventional techniques. For example, the gel can be introduced into a dispensing package (for example, a package having a top surface with slots or pores), as conventionally done in the art.

Desirably, the dispensing package is a clear package, so as to exhibit the clear composition tc the purchasing consumer.

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15 Thereafter, the product can be dispensed from this dispensing package, by extruding the gel from the dispensing package onto the top surface, through the pores or slots, and then rubbing the exposed gel on the skin, (for example, on skin in the axillary regions), so as to deposit the active material (for example, antiperspirant active material) on the skin. This provides good deposition of the antiperspirant active material, as well as other active materials, on the skin.

In the following, specific examples of compositions within the scope of the various aspects of the present invention are set forth. These specific examples are illustrative of the present invention, and are not limiting. In.the following examples, as well as throughout the present specification, where appropriate the names utilized are the CTFA (Cosmetics, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc.) names, as set forth in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (4th Ed. 1991), the contents of which dictionary are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Amounts of each of the ingredients is in percent by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

Examples 1-6 Example No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ingiredient ALUMINUM

ZIRCONIUM

TETRACHLOROHYDREX

GLY (REZAL 36G CONC 54.00 54.00 54.00 54.00 54.00 54.00 SD ALCOHOL 40 DEIONIZED WATER 10.92 ISOPRENE GLYCOL 9.06

PROPYLENE

CARBONATE 11.10 PROPYLENE

GLYCOL

DIPROPYLENE

GLYCOL

8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 3.00 8.90 9.83 10.92 12.26 7.18 10.17 9.08 Examprles 1-6 con't Example No.: Ingredient :15 SORBITOL (70%)

GLYCERINE

CYCLOMETHICONE

AND DIMETHICONE COPOLYOL (DC3225C) 9.00 DIMETHICONE (DC 200 5Ocs) 7.93

PHENYL

TRIMETHI CONE (DC 556) 1.07 7.74 12.82 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 7.93 1.07 7.93 7.93 7.93 7.93 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 Examples 7-9 Example No.

Ingredient PHENYLTRIMETHI CONE DIMETHICONE COPOLYOL AND CYCLOMETHICONE (DC 3225C) DIMETHICONE 50 cst ALUMINUM ZIRCONIUM

TETRACHLOROHYDREX

GLY (46% solution) ETHANOL (95%) DEIONIZED WATER DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL TRIPROPYLENE GLYCOL Examples 7-9 Example No.

Ingredient PPG-425 7 1.07 8 1.07 9.00 7.93 9 .00 7.93 9 1.07 9.00 7.93 54.00 8.00 9.31 54.00 8.00 10.92 9.08 54.00 8.00 8.83 11.17 9 10.69 Examples 7-9 Example No.

Ingredient PPG-425

TOTAL

7 100.00 8 100.00 9 10.69 100.00 15 Examples 10 13 Example No. 10 Inliredierits ALUJMINUJM-

ZIRCONIUM

TETRACHLOROHYDREX

GLY

(REZAL 36G CONCENTRATE) 54.00 SD 40 ALCOHOL 8.00 DEIONIZED WATER 9.20 PROPYLENE GLYCOL 10.20 TRIPROPYLENE GLYCOL CYCLOMETHICONE DIMETHICONE

COPOLYOL

(DC3225C) 9.00 DIMETHICONE 50 cs (DC 200) 7.25 PHENYL TRIMETHICONE (DC 556) 1.75 FRAGRANCE 0.60 11.0 48.00 11.90 6.00 7.50 9.00 7.25 1.75 0.60 12 48.00 8.00 11.50 10.20 3.70 13 54.00 8.00 8.83 11. 17 9.00 7.25 1.75 0.60 9.00 7.30 1.70 100.00

TOTAL

100.00 100.00 100.00 In the foregoing Examples 10-12, the refractive index of each composition without the fragrance, was 1.4075.

Thus, according to the present invention, a clear cosmetic gel composition, which can be a soft gel, containing increased amounts of the cosmetically active ingredient increased amounts of the antiperspirant active ingredient, where the composition is an antiperspirant gel composition), and also containing in both the oil phase and the aqueous phase high-refractive index materials providing cosmetic benefits, can be achieved, while maintaining clarity of the composition. This composition can be extruded through pores or slots of a conventional soft solid or soft gel dispensing container. The compositions are stable, even in the presence of conventional antiperspirant active aluminum-containing salts such as aluminum chlorohydrate or aluminum-zirconium tetrachlorohydrex-GLY. Compositions according to the present invention can be easily and simply manufactured. Moreover, the composition according to the present invention has reduced whitening and leaves a decreased residue after application, and has reduced tack. In addition, compositions according to the present invention have reduced skin irritation potential as compared to comparable commercial products.

Industrial Applicability As is clear from the foregoing, the composition of the present invention has applicability as a cosmetic composition, having various uses depending upon the active cosmetic ingredient incorporated therein. For example, the composition of the present invention has applicability as an antiperspirant composition, for application to axillary regions of the human body to at least reduce perspiration therefrom, where an antiperspirant active ingredient is incorporated in the composition. As a further illustration, the composition has applicability as a deodorant composition for application to axillary regions of the human body to reduce body malodor without reducing flow of perspiration, where the composition includes a deodorant active ingredient which is not an antiperspirant an antimicrobial agent such as Triclosan, a fragrance, etc.). However, the present invention is not limited to these specific uses, and can have other uses, depending on the cosmetically active ingredient incorporated therein, and can be applied, to other parts of a body. The present invention also has applicability in forming these compositions.

While we have shown and described several embodiments in accordance with the present invention, it is understood that the same is not limited thereto, but is susceptible to numerous changes and modifications as 0:6 •known to one having ordinary skill in the art, and we therefore do not wish to 15 be limited to the details shown and described herein, but intend to cover all

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such modifications as are encompassed by the scope of the appended claims.

•Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles or the like which has been included in the present specification is solely for the 0 0: purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not to be taken 20 as an admission that any or all of these matters form part of the prior art base 0••0 or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention as it existed before the priority date of each claim of this application.

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Claims (5)

1. A clear and mild cosmetic gel composition made by combining: water; at least one coupling agent; at least one polypropylene glycol; an antiperspirant active ingredient in an amount sufficient to have an antiperspirant effect when applied to human skin; a non-volatile silicone fluid; a volatile silicone fluid; an emollient having a refractive index of 1.40 to 1.50; and an alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent; wherein components to form a water-in-oil emulsion, the emollient is in the oil phase, and the composition has a refractive index of 1.4026 to 15 1.4150, and wherein a soft gel is formed.

2. A clear and mild cosmetic gel composition according to claim 1 wherein the composition is made by combining in percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition: 8% to 30% in total of components and (h) 20 of claim 1 wherein the 8% to 30% includes 0.2 to 2.0% of the alkoxylated, alkyl substituted siloxane surface active agent and 10% to 30% of at least one coupling agent.

3. A clear and mild cosmetic gel composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the antiperspirant active ingredient is included in the composition in an amount of 10% to 35% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

4. A clear and mild cosmetic gel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the emulsion has an optical clarity less than 50 NTU. A clear and mild cosmetic gel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein each of a mixture of components to and a mixture of components to has a refractive index and with a difference between the refractive indices of and of less than 0.0005.

6. A clear and mild cosmetic gel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the composition has a viscosity of 75,000 to 350,000 cps at a temperature of 20 degrees C to 25 degrees C. Dated this twenty-eighth day of July 1999 COLGATE-PALMOLIVE COMPANY Patent Attorneys for the Applicant: F B RICE CO *e o i. lirl~~:2~l