AU730675B2 - Stable, solid preparation comprising vitamin D3 and tricalcium phosphate - Google Patents

Stable, solid preparation comprising vitamin D3 and tricalcium phosphate Download PDF

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Publication number
AU730675B2
AU730675B2 AU64997/98A AU6499798A AU730675B2 AU 730675 B2 AU730675 B2 AU 730675B2 AU 64997/98 A AU64997/98 A AU 64997/98A AU 6499798 A AU6499798 A AU 6499798A AU 730675 B2 AU730675 B2 AU 730675B2
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Prior art keywords
vitamin
prevention
tricalcium phosphate
pharmaceutical preparation
active form
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AU64997/98A
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AU6499798A (en
Inventor
Achim Schaffler
Claudia Wildner
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Merck Patent GmbH
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/06Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/42Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/08Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/08Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
    • A61P19/10Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Description

WO 98/40085 PCT/EP98/01208 1 STABLE, SOLID PREPARATION COMPRISING VITAMIN D3 AND TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE The invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical preparation comprising an active form of vitamin D 3 and tricalcium phosphate and which is free of organic solvent residues.
This novel preparation has an improved stability and can be used, for example, for the prevention of osteoporosis, for the treatment of vitamin D 3 and/or calcium deficiency states, for the prevention of fractures of the neck of the femur and also for the prevention of Paget's disease.
The invention furthermore relates to a pharmaceutical preparation, characterized in that 100 to 1400 IU of an active form of vitamin D 3 and 1000 to 4500 mg of tricalcium phosphate are employed.
1000 to 4500 mg of tricalcium phosphate correspond to 360 to 1640 mg of calcium.
Preferably, 200 to 1200 IU, in particular 400 to 1000 IU, of an active form of vitamin D 3 are employed.
Additionally preferably, 1300 to 4000 mg of tricalcium phosphate, in particular 1600 to 3500 mg, are employed The invention furthermore relates to a pharmaceutical preparation, characterized in that it is a solid preparation in the form of powder or granules.
The invention further relates to a pharmaceutical preparation, characterized in that it is a solid preparation for oral administration once daily, dispensed in sachets or tablets.
The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical preparation, characterized in that it is a suspension which are [sic] prepared from powders before taking.
The invention is based on the object of making available novel medicaments in the form of pharmaceutical preparations which have better properties than known medicaments which can be used for the same AL rDoses.
2 This object was achieved by the discovery of the novel preparation. Surprisingly, it was found that an active form of vitamin D 3 can be processed together with tricalcium phosphate to give a combination preparation.
Tricalcium phosphate has the formula Ca 3 (P0 4 2 As active forms of vitamin D 3 those active vitamin D 3 forms are in particular preferred in which the active form carries a hydroxyl group in the la-position, e.g. la-hydroxycholecalciferol, la, la, 24-dihydroxycholecalciferol, la, 24, la-hydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol, la, 25-dihydroxy-24oxocholecalciferol, la, 26,23-lactone, la, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-26,23peroxylactone or 26,26,26,27,27,27-hexafluoro-la, Also preferred are, for example, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 24-hydroxycholecalciferol, 24-oxocholecalciferol, 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol-26,23-lactone or cholecalciferol-26,23-peroxylactone.
Very particularly preferred is la-hydroxycholecalciferol. This is also simply called vitamin D 3 or cholecalciferol.
EP 0 413 828 and EP 0 702 954 already mention pharmaceutical preparations which contain combinations of vitamin D 3 and calcium salts.
EP 0 413 828 claims a pharmaceutical solid preparation of an active form of vitamin D 3 comprising an active form of vitamin D 3 which is dispersed in an excipient which is readily soluble in an organic solvent, and contains a basic substance. Among the basic substances, tricalcium phosphate is not mentioned. The basic substance is used for the stabilization of vitamin D 3 EP 0 702 954 describes a pharmaceutical preparation which contains a calcium salt, vitamin D and at least one boron, copper or magnesium compound.
It is possible for the composition suitable for 3 osteoporosis treatment to contain 1000 to 2500 mg of calcium salt, corresponding to 400 to 1000 mg of calcium.
Tricalcium phosphate is not mentioned as a calcium salt.
On relatively long-term use, the boron and copper compounds mentioned could lead to undesired side effects.
Japanese Patent JP 05255095 describes a composition which contains a microcrystalline powder of calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite or calcium triphosphate) and, for example, vitamin D 3 The subject ends, however, at i.v. administration and use in blood vessels.
As a calcium source, calcium gluconate, lactate or citrate, dibasic calcium phosphate or preferably calcium carbonate are additionally known from the prior art to the person skilled in the art.
In comparison to the prior art, the preparation according to the invention has a surprising stability.
The data on the stability investigation are given in Table I by example of a batch.
EP 0 413 828 discloses results of stability tests on page 5 in Table I.
Surprisingly, it is possible, in contrast to EP 0 413 828, to prepare the composition according to the invention without the use of organic solvents which have the aim of dissolving adherent auxiliaries.
In comparison to the vitamin D 3 content of 91% measured after 30 days at 400C and 75% rel. humidity, described in EP 0 413 828, page 5, under the same measurement conditions the composition according to the invention still has, although after 13 weeks, a vitamin D 3 content of 97%.
4 Table I Stability of the batch 41/95; prepared analogously to Example 2 Batch No. Appearance, Content of Breakdown Water Ca pH 41/95 odour, cholecal- products of content content taste ciferol cholecal- [g] ciferol Start corresponds 918 0.5% Tc. 1.60 1.18 6.2 250C/60% rel.
humidity 13 weeks corresponds 897 1% Ts. 1.64 1.19 6.2 26 weeks corresponds 879 1.3% Tc. 1.77 1.19 6.3 0.9% Ts.
52 weeks corresponds 849 1.2% Tc. 1.45 1.19 6.2 0.6% Ts.
300C/60% rel.
humidity 26 weeks corresponds 861 1.5% Tc. 1.17 1.18 6.2 0.6% Ts.
52 weeks corresponds 826 1.3% Tc. 1.41 1.19 6.2 0.6% Ts.
400C/75% rel.
humidity 13 weeks corresponds 890 u.d. 1.72 1.19 6.1 26 weeks corresponds 757 0.6% Tc. 1.82 1.19 6.2 under detection limit Tc.: Trans-cholecalciferol Ts.: Tachysterol International LUnit f 'F\Unit vIU 5 The present invention also relates to a process for the production of a pharmaceutical preparation, characterized in that an active form of vitamin D 3 and tricalcium phosphate is brought into a suitable dose form together with at least one solid excipient or auxiliary by mixing.
Preferably, the active form of vitamin D 3 is employed in the form of a solid concentrate.
Cholecalciferol concentrates which are preferred are, for example, Duphasol D3-1000® dry stable or vitamin D3 type 100 CWS®.
Possible excipients and auxiliaries (binders and/or viscosity increasers) are, for example, mannitol, hydroxypropylcellulose, lactose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, starch, crystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, dextrin, lactose, sorbitol, sucrose, talc (magnesium silicate hydrate), kaolin, precipitated calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, titanium oxide, gum arabic and/or xanthan gum.
Suitable flow-regulating agents are, for example, Aerosil.
Further excipients or auxiliaries can be added, such as, for example, binding agents, antioxidants, colourants, lubricants, sweetening agents and/or flavourings.
Preferred antioxidants are, for example, butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate, butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), lecithin, a-tocopherol, hydroquinone, octyl gallate, dodecyl gallate, isoamyl gallate, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, guaran gum, a-naphthylamine, ethyl protocatechuate, ascorbic acid-stearic acid ester, ascorbic acid palmitate, cysteine hydrochloride, sodium salt of ascorbyl stearate, thioglycerol or thiosorbitol.
Preferred glidants or lubricants are, for example, talc, starch, magnesium and calcium stearate, uji 6 boric acid, paraffin, cocoa butter, macrogol, leucine or sodium benzoate.
Preferred sweetening agents are, for example, aspartame or saccharin sodium, preferred flavourings are, for example, lemon or orange essence.
As mentioned in Example 1, the preparation process is characterized in that it is achieved, despite high demands on the uniformity of the distribution of the active compound (see Example 2; 20 jig of cholecalciferol in 4.1 g of powder per sachet), by simple mixing, and without spray granulation, which is cost-intensive and has an adverse effect on the stability.
The novel pharmaceutical preparation can be produced by bringing an active form of vitamin D 3 and tricalcium phosphate into a suitable dose form together with at least one solid excipient or auxiliary. The preparations thus obtained can be employed as medicaments in human or veterinary medicine, in particular in the prevention of osteoporosis and fractures of the neck of the femur, and in the treatment of vitamin D 3 and/or calcium deficiency states as well as for the prevention of Paget's disease. Carrier substances are organic or inorganic substances which are suitable for oral administration and do not react with the compounds, for example gelatin, soya lecithin, carbohydrates such as lactose, mannitol or starch, magnesium stearate, talc, cellulose. For oral administration, in particular, tablets, coated tablets, capsules, suspensions or granules or powders, dispensed in sachets for use in suspension, are used.
The preparations can contain auxiliaries such as preservatives, stabilizing agents and/or wetting agents, emulsifiers, colourants and/or flavourings.
The daily single dose of vitamin D 3 and tricalcium phosphate is preferably between [sic] approximately 200 to 1200 IU of vitamin D 3 and 1200 to o 4000 mg of tricalcium phosphate, in particular between [sic] approximately 400 to 1000 IU of vitamin D 3 and Lii KITO 1600 to 3500 mg of tricalcium phosphate, very particularly between [sic] approximately 700 to 900 IU of vitamin D 3 and 3200 to 3500 mg of tricalcium phosphate. Oral administration is preferred.
Very preferred doses contain 400 IU of vitamin D 3 and 1650 mg of tricalcium phosphate, or double the amount in each case, i.e. 800 IU of vitamin D 3 and 3300 mg of tricalcium phosphate.
The constituents of the novel pharmaceutical preparation are preferably administered combined.
However, they can also be administered individually, at the same time or successively.
The following examples relate to the production and the composition of the pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention: Example 1: Cholecalciferol concentrate and sorbitol are sieved and mixed with one another for 30 minutes in a drum mixer (mixture a).
Tricalcium phosphate, colloidal anhydrous silica, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, gum arabic, gelatin, aspartame and lemon essence are sieved. The components are then mixed with one another for 30 minutes in a drum mixer together with mixture a.
The mixture is sieved once more and then mixed once more.
Alternatively, the mixing of all components can also be carried out in a high-speed mixer.
Example 2: Cholecalciferol concentrate and lactose are sieved and mixed with one another for 30 minutes in a drum mixer (mixture a).
Tricalcium phosphate, colloidal anhydrous silica, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, gum arabic, gelatin, aspartame and orange essence are sieved. The components are then mixed with one another for minutes in a drum mixture together with mixture a.
8 The mixture is sieved once more and then mixed once more.
Alternatively, the mixing of all components can also be carried out in a high-speed mixer.
Example 3: Composition of a powder, dispensed into a sachet, for an oral suspension which contains 1.2 g of calcium and 20 pg of vitamin D 3 Cholecalciferol concentrate* 8.0 mg Sorbitol 227 mg Tricalcium phosphate** 3300.0 mg Colloidal anhydrous silica 130.0 mg Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 150.0 mg Gum arabic 175.0 mg Saccharin sodium salt 10.0 mg Natural lemon essence 100.0 mg 4100.0 mg corresponds to 800 IU of cholecalciferol corresponds to 1.2 g of calcium Example 4: Composition of a powder, dispensed into a sachet, for an oral suspension which contains 0.6 g of calcium and 10 pg of vitamin D 3 Cholecalciferol concentrate* 4.0 mg Sorbitol 114.0 mg Tricalcium phosphate" 1650.0 mg Colloidal anhydrous silica 65.0 mg Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 75.0 mg Xanthan gum 87.0 mg Saccharin sodium salt 5.0 mg Natural lemon essence 50.0 mg 2050.0 mg corresponds to 400 IU of cholecalciferol J0 corresponds to 0.6 g of calcium 9 Example Composition of a suspension which contains 1.2 g of calcium and 20 Ag of vitamin D 3 Cholecalciferol concentrate' 8.0 mg Sorbitol 227 mg Tricalcium phosphate" 3300.0 mg Colloidal anhydrous silica 130.0 mg Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 150.0 mg Xanthan gum 175.0 mg Saccharin sodium salt 10.0 mg Natural lemon essence 100.0 mg Purified water 10 ml corresponds to 800 IU of cholecalciferol Scorresponds to 1.2 g of calcium Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers or steps.
The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia.
a e*

Claims (9)

1. Pharmaceutical preparation comprising an active form of vitamin D 3 and tricalcium phosphate and which is free of organic solvent residues.
2. Pharmaceutical preparation according to Claim 1, characterized in that 100 to 1400 IU of an active form of vitamin D 3 and 1000 to 4500 mg of tricalcium phosphate are employed.
3. Pharmaceutical preparation according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is a solid preparation in the form of powder, tablets or granules.
4. Pharmaceutical preparation according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it is a solid prepara- tion for oral administration once daily, dispensed in sachets or tablets.
Pharmaceutical preparation according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is a suspension which is prepared from powders before taking. 20
6. Process for the production of a pharmaceutical S:: preparation, characterized in that an active form of vitamin D 3 and tricalcium phosphate is brought into a suitable dose form together with at least one solid excipient or auxiliary by mixing. 25
7. Use of an active form of vitamin D 3 and of tricalcium phosphate for the production of a medicament for the prevention of osteoporosis, for the treatment of vitamin D3 and/or calcium deficiency states and for the prevention of Paget's disease. 30
8. Use of a pharmaceutical preparation comprising an active form of Svitamin D3 and tricalcium phosphate for the treatment of vitamin D3 and/or calcium deficiency states, the prevention of osteoporosis, the prevention of fractures of the neck of the femur and the prevention of Paget's disease. 0i~mcrc. P:\WPDOCS\CRN\SPECI\741163.spe.doc-29/12I -11-
9. Method for the treatment of vitamin D3 and/or calcium deficiency states, the prevention of osteoporosis, the prevention of fractures of the neck of the femur and the prevention of Paget's disease which comprises administering to a subject in need of such treatment or prevention a pharmaceutical preparation according to anyone of claims Pharmaceutical preparations, processes for their preparation or uses thereof, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples. DATED this 29th day of December, 2000 MERCK PATENT GMBH By its Patent Attorneys DAVIES COLLISON CAVE D i OS S* D* 0 i i i: o f
AU64997/98A 1997-03-12 1998-03-04 Stable, solid preparation comprising vitamin D3 and tricalcium phosphate Ceased AU730675B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19710054 1997-03-12
DE19710054A DE19710054A1 (en) 1997-03-12 1997-03-12 Pharmaceutical preparation
PCT/EP1998/001208 WO1998040085A1 (en) 1997-03-12 1998-03-04 Stable solid preparation containing vitamin d3 and tricalcium phosphate

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AU6499798A AU6499798A (en) 1998-09-29
AU730675B2 true AU730675B2 (en) 2001-03-08

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EP (1) EP0969849B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001515486A (en)
KR (1) KR20000076042A (en)
CN (1) CN1249689A (en)
AR (1) AR010903A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE245425T1 (en)
AU (1) AU730675B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9808233A (en)
CA (1) CA2284183A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ290991B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19710054A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0969849T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2201460T3 (en)
HU (1) HUP0002928A3 (en)
NO (1) NO994395L (en)
PL (1) PL335644A1 (en)
PT (1) PT969849E (en)
SK (1) SK121699A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1998040085A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA982073B (en)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6479474B2 (en) * 1999-07-08 2002-11-12 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Dietary calcium as a supplement to vitamin D compound treatment of multiple sclerosis
CA2476679A1 (en) * 2002-02-20 2003-08-28 Teijin Limited Vitamin d3 derivatives and remedies using the same
EP1342796A3 (en) * 2002-02-22 2004-01-02 Teijin Limited Compound for the treatment of paget's disease of bone
PT2266584E (en) * 2003-05-07 2012-12-19 Osteologix As Composition with strontium and vitamin d for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of cartilage and/or bone conditions
TR200900880A2 (en) 2009-02-05 2010-08-23 Bi̇lgi̇ç Mahmut Pharmaceutical compositions combined in a single dosage form.
TR200900878A2 (en) 2009-02-05 2010-08-23 Bi̇lgi̇ç Mahmut Pharmaceutical formulations combined in a single dosage form
MX2012014872A (en) * 2010-06-24 2013-01-24 Prayon S A Stabilized active compound.
AU2014201820B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2016-05-19 Psm Healthcare Limited Stabilized vitamin D formulations
EP3042649A1 (en) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-13 S.B.M. S.r.l. A composition, comprising tricalcium phosphate and gelatin, for treating dyspepsia and related disorders
CN105982071A (en) * 2015-02-05 2016-10-05 宁志伟 High-dose vitamin D3 oral preparation recipe
CN104800166B (en) * 2015-04-22 2017-11-10 青岛正大海尔制药有限公司 A kind of Alfacalcidol powder and preparation method thereof
CN113350374B (en) * 2021-06-23 2022-05-31 锦州医科大学 Preparation method of calcium phosphate and vitamin D composite microcapsule

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0588539A1 (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-23 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. Stabilized pharmaceutical compositions containing derivatives of vitamins D2 and D3
WO1996000936A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-11 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Capacitor polarity-based var correction controller for resonant line conditions and large amplitude line harmonics

Family Cites Families (4)

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JP2525478B2 (en) * 1989-03-01 1996-08-21 帝人株式会社 Active Vitamin D with improved stability (3) Lower solid preparation
JP3147249B2 (en) * 1992-03-11 2001-03-19 コベルコ建機株式会社 Control device for traveling pump pressure
FR2724844B1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1997-01-24 Innothera Lab Sa VITAMIN-CALCIUM THERAPEUTIC COMBINATION, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME AND USE THEREOF
IL115241A (en) * 1994-09-26 2000-08-31 American Cyanamid Co Calcium dietary supplement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0588539A1 (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-23 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. Stabilized pharmaceutical compositions containing derivatives of vitamins D2 and D3
WO1996000936A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-11 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Capacitor polarity-based var correction controller for resonant line conditions and large amplitude line harmonics

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHOPUY,M.C.ET AL NEW ENGLAND J.MED.327(23)PP1637-1642 1992 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0969849A1 (en) 2000-01-12
EP0969849B1 (en) 2003-07-23
HUP0002928A2 (en) 2001-02-28
DK0969849T3 (en) 2003-11-03
WO1998040085A1 (en) 1998-09-17
PL335644A1 (en) 2000-05-08
NO994395D0 (en) 1999-09-10
BR9808233A (en) 2000-05-16
CZ322199A3 (en) 2000-01-12
ES2201460T3 (en) 2004-03-16
CZ290991B6 (en) 2002-11-13
CN1249689A (en) 2000-04-05
CA2284183A1 (en) 1998-09-17
KR20000076042A (en) 2000-12-26
AU6499798A (en) 1998-09-29
NO994395L (en) 1999-09-10
ATE245425T1 (en) 2003-08-15
SK121699A3 (en) 2000-01-18
PT969849E (en) 2003-12-31
DE59809085D1 (en) 2003-08-28
AR010903A1 (en) 2000-07-12
HUP0002928A3 (en) 2001-04-28
ZA982073B (en) 1998-09-16
DE19710054A1 (en) 1998-09-17
JP2001515486A (en) 2001-09-18

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