AU726117B2

AU726117B2 - A drainage assembly

Info

Publication number: AU726117B2
Application number: AU71810/96A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Philip Graham Breene
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-11-14
Filing date: 1996-11-14
Publication date: 2000-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2016-11-14
Also published as: AU7181096A

Description

i,, 1 P/00/011 Regulation 3.2

AUSTRALIA

Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT 9 9 99999 Name of Applicant: Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Invention Title: Details of Associated Provisional Application(s) PHILIP GRAHAM BREENE 50 Kates Street, Morningside, Queensland, 4170, Australia

INTELLPRO

Patent Trade Mark Attorneys Level D, 308 Edward Street BRISBANE, QLD, 4000 (GPO Box 1339, BRISBANE, 4001) A Drainage Assembly No(s): Australian Patent Application No. PN6553 filed 11 November 1995.

The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me: r 2 IMPROVEMENTS TO KERBSIDE DRAINAGE THIS INVENTION relates to improvements to kerbside drainage and in particular but not limited to a kerbside drainage system whereby drainage can be accomplished using standardised prefabricated components.

In one aspect there is provided a prefabricated inlet connector between an inlet top and a pipeline. Typically, the connector comprises a prefabricated crossflow pipe section for connection into the pipeline and a chamber being an inlet pit over which the grated inlet top will be placed and being positioned below and communicating with the inlet top, the cross flow pipe section communicating with 0@S@ 10 the chamber and being adapted for connection to the pipeline in such a way that o o 0 it forms part of the pipeline, the pipeline being in predetermined aligned relation to a kerbline.

000000 Preferably the connector is used in a kerbside drainage system comprising o a main pipeline section running along a kerb line, the main pipe line section interconnecting a plurality of spaced kerbside inlets, the pipeline increasing in capacity in a downstream direction, the inlets being located above the pipeline and S having a majority of the inlets comprising manhole inlets each including a manhole chamber of a size to suit the pipeline and having prefabricated inlet tops fitted to the manholes, the inlet tops having a kerb section fitted so as to be substantially co- 20 extensive with the kerb line and a grating positioned above the manhole.

Preferably there is provided an inlet top fitted at a flat or an inclined road grade, the assembly comprising a prefabricated or cast in-situ manhole chamber, a concrete collar cast in-situ having an upper surface matched to the road grade and 3 being formed at the upper surface of the manhole chamber and a prefabricated kerb inlet top located on the collar and thereby aligned with the road grade.

Preferably there is provided in combination a kerb and a kerb inlet having a kerb entry including an inlet elongation adjacent to the upstream end thereof and the kerb adjacent the elongation providing a streamlined kerb section upstream from, contiguous with and leading into the kerb entry elongation to improve water flow into the kerb inlet. This kerb inlet may be formed separately as a lintel or as part of a one piece manhole top.

Preferably there is provided a kit for installing a kerbside drainage system, *0t* iii 10 the kit having a range of sizes of precast inlet tops adapted to be layed substantially contiguous with the kerb line and which may be matched to a range of sizes of chambers which in turn may be matched to progressively increasing sizes of pipeline, set at a predetermined distance from the kerb line.

oo Preferably inlet chambers of varying size are placed at a predetermined distance relative to the kerb line while pipelines are layed substantially parallel with the kerb line, with each pipeline size being placed at a predetermined distance from the kerb line.

Each inlet top typically includes a kerb section and while the kerb section of the inlet top is positioned co-extensive with the kerb line, the chamber below the inlet top typically has its kerbside edge located marginally inside the kerb line and typically a predetermined distance inside the kerb line. This marginal distance is typically the inside width of the kerb inlet lintel and is at least sufficiently small to 4 maintain a major portion of the pipeline under the roadway rather than encroaching on the footpath itself.

The pipelines, chambers and inlet tops are preferably part of a system or kit employing a range of sizes so that generally speaking the kerb line forms a chord to the circular manholes and the inside edge of the kerb inlet lintel forms a tangent.

Typically the tangential edge of the inlet is displaced laterally of the longitudinal line of the kerb line.

The inlet top for each manhole is preferably made as a integral precast unit comprising kerb, kerb inlet section and channel section so that the inlet can be fitted straight into the roadway on top of the manhole walls. Alternatively a manhole in situ collar can be employed between the manhole walls and the inlet.

The inlet components and chamber are preferably dimensioned and arranged so that there is continuity of flow between the kerb and channel adjacent to the inlet and the inlet at the juncture there between.

Typically and in order to optimise cost to a minimum, the system is a mix of cast in-situ components and prefabricated components.

Preferably inlet tops are of reduced overall depth so that when it is desirable pipelines can be positioned high in the chamber at a minimum depth below the surface level of the roadway.

Preferably the system components share a commonality of design which can be generally termed modular although in the present case the term modular means progressively modular taking into account the progressive increase of capacity of the system in the downstream direction along the kerb line. This means the overall acceptance of the system is improved because its components are simpler, smaller, more aesthetically pleasing and on the basis of cost and size more hydraulically efficient than the prior art alternatives.

In order that the present invention can be more readily understood and be put into practical effect reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and wherein:- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating chamber and pipeline layout relative to the kerb line according to preferred embodiments of the present invention; 10 Figure 2 is a layout of chambers of increasing sizes relative to the kerb line; .oo*: Figures 3 to 7a are perspective views illustrating a range of typical inlet tops and chamber options suitable for use with the present invention; Figure 8 is another typical chamber layout relative to the kerb line; Figures 9 to 20 are plan views illustrating examples of how the preferred inlet tops according to the present invention are positioned relative to typical :chambers illustrated in Figure 8; too Figure 21 is another typical chamber layout relative to the kerb line; Figures 22 to 29 are plan views illustrating how typical covers are positioned relative to typical chambers as set out in Figure 21; Figures 30 to 33 are sectional views through inlet connectors illustrating preferred pipeline section and chamber section arrangements; Figures 34 and 35 are perspective views illustrating typical inlet connectors according to Figures 30 to 33; 6 Figures 36 and 37 show typically how the centre line of the pipeline section in the case of the embodiments of Figures 30 to 35 is offset relative to the chamber section to maintain the pipeline in a standardised position relative to the kerb line; Figure 38 is a table showing typically how the pipeline offset from the kerb line may be standardised to suit placement of the kerb side wall of the chamber at a typical distance of 225 mm beyond the kerb line; Figures 39A and 39B are drawings illustrating a less effective arrangement for flow of water into an inlet; Figures 40A to 40D illustrate an inlet arrangement according to the present invention where inlet flow is improved; Figure 41 is a plan view of a typical installation of a chamber and inlet top in a flat roadway surface; Figures 42 and 43 are sections through A-A and B-B of Figure 1; r Figure 44 is a plan view of another typical installation but in this case where the roadway is on a grade; g Figure 45 is a section through C-C of Figure 44 illustrating a cast in situ collar matched to the road grade and used to locate the inlet top over the manhole and in line with the road grade.

Referring to the drawings initially to Figure 1 there is illustrated a kerbside drainage system showing in schematic form a pipeline progressively increasing in capacity where pipeline sections are connected to manhole inlets which encroach slightly on the kerb line but maintain the pipeline a standard distance relative to the kerb line.

7 As can be seen the kerb line is shown in phantom at 11 with the direction of water flow along the roadway adjacent to the kerb line being shown by the arrows 12. The drainage system employs manholes at 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21 and 22. Inlet tops (not shown) to the manholes to be described below are employed so that water running along the kerb can flow into the chambers and then into the pipeline. The pipeline employs sections of about the same capacity between the manholes 13, 14, 15 and 16 at which point the pipeline capacity becomes fully utilised. The increased pipe line outlet size at 16 requires an increase of manhole size at 16. Similarly as pipeline sizes increase manhole size

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10 increases are required at manhole 19 and manhole 21.

Prior to this invention there has been no attempt to align chamber, manholes 0 S•and pipelines in a consistent manner relative to the kerb line. A typical layout for circular and rectangular manholes is shown in Figure 2 where the inner kerb side wall is located at a constant distance (typical 225 mm) behind the kerb line.

As can be seen in the illustrated embodiment Figure 2 the manholes are 0000 ;•displaced laterally relative to the longitudinal line of the kerb to just under the kerb 00 Sline in this case a distance of 225 rnm and square, rectangular or circular chambers can be employed.

Figures 2 to 7 illustrate various forms of the kerb inlet top formed as part of 20 a one piece manhole top.

Figure 7a illustrates a kerb inlet top formed separately as a lintel.

8 Figures 2 to 7 illustrate various forms of the kerb inlet top formed as part of a one piece manhole top. Figure 7a illustrates a kerb inlet top formed separately as a lintel. The chambers whether they be rectangular or circular are covered using prefabricated integrally formed tops of the type illustrated in Figures 3 to 29.

Alternative drainage layouts are depicted in Figures 8 and 21 with preferred chamber sizes illustrated along with their matching tops.

In one alternative form of the present invention the chambers are formed into the wall of a pipeline connector section so that the chambers are effectively recessed into or engage with the pipeline proper rather than the pipeline extending into the walls of the chamber. (See for example Figure These precast units are named inlet connectors.

Figures 30 to 37 illustrate typical arrangements for inlet connectors whereby 99* chambers 50, 51, 52 and 53 are formed integrally or let into the sides of pipeline o99 Ssections 54, 55, 56 and 57 this arrangement being illustrated in perspective in Figures 34 and 35. It will be appreciated that the arrangements of Figure 30 to :are particularly suited for prefabricated manufacture. The arrangement may be 999w made as a single unit or to be assembled from precast components. In order to maintain the position of the inlet tops, inlet connectors and pipeline in a predetermined relationship relative to the kerb line as shown in for example Figures 1, 2, 8 and 21 as pipe capacity increases, the chamber section of the connector must be offset from the centre line of the pipe section by a greater amount as the pipe size increases.

9 This is illustrated in Figures 36 and 37 for the case where the inlet encroaches 225 mm laterally of the kerb line. Typical "offset" being the distance from the kerb to the centre line of the pipe increases as the pipeline diameter increases.

Figure 38 shows the offset position of the pipeline centre line from the kerb for the pipeline diameters specified in the table and in relation to kerb encroachment of 225 mm. The relative position of the kerb line, pipeline, manholes and covers should be such as to minimise encroachment of the inlets onto the footpath to within acceptable limits but at the same time maximise 0*00 10 hydraulic efficiency of the system. The 225 mm is therefore typical and exemplary 000000 00 rather than essential.

Figures 39A through 40D and 40C illustrate a more efficient kerb inlet. In Figures 39A and 39B there is shown a less preferred arrangement where a kerb 000* inlet 60 includes a face at 61 formed as a prefabricated portion of the kerb inlet.

0*00 15 Adjacent to this portion is a cast in-situ kerb 62 which is inclined to lead into the °eoo flat front section 61. The inclination at 62 determines the flow of water and as there are fairly abrupt transitions at 63 and 61 the water doesn't flow smoothly and therefor hydraulic efficiency is compromised.

Figures 40A and 40B show an alternative to this where the kerb inlet is fashioned with a surface elongation to the inlet at 64 which is formed co-extensive with an arcuate surface 65 of the cast in-situ kerbing. This streamlined arrangement is more efficient.

It will therefore be appreciated that each of the inventions described above can be used alone, for example the invention illustrated in preferred form in Figures and 40B need not be used with the pipeline layout of Figure 1 but can be employed to improve the efficiency over drainage systems made according to prior art methods.

Whilst the above has been given by way of illustrative example of the present invention, many variations and modifications thereto will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the broad ambit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

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Claims

1. A prefabricated inlet connector when used between a separate grated inlet top and a pipeline of a drainage system below a kerb defined in predetermined aligned relation to a kerb line, the connector comprises a prefabricated cross-flow pipe section [for] connected into the pipeline and a chamber being an inlet pit over which the grated inlet top is placed and being positioned below and communicating with the inlet top, the cross flow pipe section communicating with the chamber and being connected to the pipeline in such a way that it forms part of the pipeline. *see

2. Aprefabricated inlet connector accordingto claim 1 employed in a kerbside *drainage system comprising a main pipeline section running along a kerb line, the main pipeline section interconnecting a plurality of spaced kerbside inlets, the pipeline increasing in capacity in a downstream direction, the inlets being located above the pipeline and having a majority of the inlets comprising manhole inlets oo S o S 15 each including a manhole chamber of a size to suit the pipeline and having ;',prefabricated inlet tops fitted to the manholes, the inlet tops having a kerb section OeO fitted so as to be substantially co-extensive with the kerb line and there being a grating positioned above the manhole.

3. A prefabricated inlet connector according to claim 1 employed with an inlet drainage assembly including an inlet top fitted at a flat or an inclined road grade adjacent a kerb line, the assembly comprising a prefabricated or cast in-situ manhole chamber, a concrete collar cast in-situ having an upper surface matched _to the road grade and being formed at the upper surface of the manhole chamber 12 and a prefabricated kerb inlet top located on the collar and thereby aligned with the road grade.

4. A prefrabricated inlet connector according to claim 1 employed in combination with a kerb and a kerb inlet having an upstream and downstream end, a kerb entry and an inlet elongation adjacent to the upstream end thereof, the kerb adjacent the elongation providing a streamlined kerb section upstream from, contiguous with and leading into the kerb entry elongation to enhance water flow into the kerb inlet.

A prefabricated inlet connector according to claim 1 employed as part of a kit for installing a kerbside drainage system along a kerb line, the kit having a range of precast inlet tops of different sizes, the tops being adapted to be layed Ssubstantially contiguous with the kerb line, the kit having a range of sizes of chambers matched to the inlet tops which in use are matched in progressively increasing size to progressively increasing sizes of pipeline, set at a predetermined 15 distance from the kerb line.

6. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 2 wherein the kerbside drainage system has manhole chambers are of varying size and are placed at a predetermined distance relative to the kerb line the pipeline being layed substantially parallel with the kerb line and being comprised of pipeline sections, each pipeline section being placed at a predetermined distance from the kerb line so that the kerbside inlet intersects the kerbline.

7. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 2 or \iLcljclaim 6 wherein the kerbside drainage system is configured such that each inlet top 13 has a grating outside the kerb line and includes a kerb section, the kerb section of the inlet top being positioned co-extensive with the kerb line, the chamber below the inlet top having a kerbside edge located marginally inside the kerb line.

8. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 2 or claim 7 wherein the kerbside drainage system is configured such that each inlet top includes a kerb inlet lintel formed either separately from or as a part of a one piece inlet top.

9. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 8 wherein the kerbside drainage system is configured such that the kerb inlet lintel :ii: 10 is so dimensioned relative to the pipeline so as to maintain a major portion of the pipeline outside the kerb line.

A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 2 wherein the kerbside drainage system is configured such that the pipelines, chambers and inlet tops are part of a system employing a range of sizes thereof 15 positioned so that the kerb line forms an imaginary line making out a chord to the manhole chamber(s), the inlet tops having a kerb inlet lintel including an inside edge and the inside edge of the kerb inlet lintel forms a tangential edge of the inlet displaced laterally of the longitudinal line of the kerb line.

11. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 2 wherein the kerbside drainage system is configured such that the inlet top for each manhole is made as a integral precast unit comprising kerb, kerb inlet section and channel section so that the each respective inlet can be fitted into the roadway on top of it corresponding manhole chamber. 14

12. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 2 wherein the kerbside drainage system is configured such that an in situ collar is employed between a said manhole and inlet.

13. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 3 wherein the inlet drainage assembly is configured such that the inlet top includes a kerb section, the kerb section of the inlet top being positioned co-extensive with the kerb line, a chamber below the inlet top, the kerb section having a kerbside edge, and a marginal portion of the kerbside edge being located inside the kerb line.

14. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 13 wherein the inlet drainage assembly is configured such that the kerbline divides a roadway and a footpath, the inlet top includes a lintel formed either separately from S" or as a part of a one piece inlet top and the distance of the kerbside edge inside the kerb line is the inside width of the kerb inlet lintel and is at least sufficiently small 15 to maintain a major portion of the pipeline under the roadway rather than encroaching, other than marginally, under the footpath.

15. A prefabricated inlet connector in the combination according to claim 13 wherein the inlet drainage assembly is configured such that the inlet top for each manhole is made as an integral precast unit comprising kerb, kerb inlet section and channel section so that the inlet can be fitted straight into a roadway on top of a manhole.

16. The combination according to claim 4 wherein the inlet is part of an inlet top including a kerb section, the kerb section of the inlet top being positioned co- extensive with a kerb line defining a roadway, a chamber below the inlet top having its kerbside edge located marginally under the kerb line.

17. The combination according to claim 16 wherein the distance of the chamber under the kerb line is the inside width of a kerb inlet lintel formed either separately from or as a part of a one piece inlet top and is at least sufficiently small to maintain a major portion of a pipeline communicating with the inlet under the roadway.

18. The kit according to claim 5 wherein the pipelines, chambers and inlet tops are part of a system employing a range of sizes thereof positioned so that the kerb line forms an imaginary chord to each chamber, each inlet top having a kerb inlet S 10 lintel formed either separately from or as a part of a one piece inlet top and the inside edge of the kerb inlet lintel forms a tangential edge of the inlet displaced laterally of the longitudinal line of the kerb line. DATED this 8th day of June, 2000 PHILIP GRAHAM BREENE By his Patent Attorneys INTELLPRO S