AU714851B2 - Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase - Google Patents

Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase Download PDF

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AU714851B2
AU714851B2 AU26021/97A AU2602197A AU714851B2 AU 714851 B2 AU714851 B2 AU 714851B2 AU 26021/97 A AU26021/97 A AU 26021/97A AU 2602197 A AU2602197 A AU 2602197A AU 714851 B2 AU714851 B2 AU 714851B2
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substituted
alkyl
unsubstituted
aryl
hydrogen
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Neville J Anthony
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Merck and Co Inc
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    • C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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Description

WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -1- TITLE OF THE INVENTION INHIBITORS OF FARNESYL-PROTEIN TRANSFERASE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The Ras proteins (Ha-Ras, Ki4a-Ras, Ki4b-Ras and N-Ras) are part of a signalling pathway that links cell surface growth factor receptors to nuclear signals initiating cellular proliferation. Biological and biochemical studies of Ras action indicate that Ras functions like a G-regulatory protein. In the inactive state, Ras is bound to GDP. Upon growth factor receptor activation Ras is induced to exchange GDP for GTP and undergoes a conformational change. The GTP-bound form of Ras propagates the growth stimulatory signal until the signal is terminated by the intrinsic GTPase activity of Ras, which returns the protein to its inactive GDP bound form Lowy and D.M.
Willumsen, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 62:851-891 (1993)). Mutated ras genes (Ha-ras, Ki4a-ras, Ki4b-ras and N-ras) are found in many human cancers, including colorectal carcinoma, exocrine pancreatic carcinoma, and myeloid leukemias. The protein products of these genes are defective in their GTPase activity and constitutively transmit a growth stimulatory signal.
Ras must be localized to the plasma membrane for both normal and oncogenic functions. At least 3 post-translational modifications are involved with Ras membrane localization, and all 3 modifications occur at the C-terminus of Ras. The Ras C-terminus contains a sequence motif termed a "CAAX" or "Cys-Aaa l -Aaa 2 -Xaa" box (Cys is cysteine, Aaa is an aliphatic amino acid, the Xaa is any amino acid) (Willumsen et al., Nature 310:583-586 (1984)). Depending on the specific sequence, this motif serves as a signal sequence for the enzymes farnesyl-protein transferase or geranylgeranyl-protein transferase, which catalyze the alkylation of the cysteine residue of the CAAX motif with a C15 or C20 isoprenoid, respectively. Clarke., Ann. Rev. Biochem. 61:355-386 (1992); W.R. Schafer and J. Rine, Ann.
Rev. Genetics 30:209-237 (1992)). The Ras protein is one of several proteins that are known to undergo post-translational farnesyli 11~11 WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -2ation. Other famesylated proteins include the Ras-related GTP-binding proteins such as Rho, fungal mating factors, the nuclear lamins, and the gamma subunit of transducin. James, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 269, 14182 (1994) have identified a peroxisome associated protein Pxf which is also famesylated. James, et al., have also suggested that there are famesylated proteins of unknown structure and function in addition to those listed above.
Inhibition of farnesyl-protein transferase has been shown to block the growth of Ras-transformed cells in soft agar and to modify other aspects of their transformed phenotype. It has also been demonstrated that certain inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase selectively block the processing of the Ras oncoprotein intracellularly Kohl et al., Science, 260:1934-1937 (1993) and G.L. James et al., Science, 260:1937-1942 (1993). Recently, it has been shown that an inhibitor of famesyl-protein transferase blocks the growth of rasdependent tumors in nude mice Kohl et al., Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci 91:9141-9145 (1994) and induces regression of mammary and salivary carcinomas in ras transgenic mice Kohl et al., Nature Medicine, 1:792-797 (1995).
Indirect inhibition of faresyl-protein transferase in vivo has been demonstrated with lovastatin (Merck Co., Rahway, NJ) and compactin (Hancock et al., ibid; Casey et al., ibid; Schafer et al., Science 245:379 (1989)). These drugs inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate limiting enzyme for the production of polyisoprenoids including famesyl pyrophosphate. Famesyl-protein transferase utilizes famesyl pyrophosphate to covalently modify the Cys thiol group of the Ras CAAX box with a faresyl group (Reiss et al., Cell, 62:81-88 (1990); Schaber et al., J. Biol. Chem., 265:14701-14704 (1990); Schafer et al., Science, 249:1133-1139 (1990); Manne et al., Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci USA, 87:7541-7545 (1990)). Inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase blocks Ras membrane localization in cultured cells. However, direct inhibition of farnesylprotein transferase would be more specific and attended by fewer side effects than would occur with the required dose of a general inhibitor WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -3of isoprene biosynthesis.
Inhibitors of faresyl-protein transferase (FPTase) have been described in four general classes Graham, Expert Opinion Ther. Patents, (1995) 5:1269-1285). The first are analogs of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), while a second class of inhibitors is related to the protein substrates Ras) for the enzyme. Bisubstrate inhibitors and inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase that are non-competitive with the substrates have also been described. The peptide derived inhibitors that have been described are generally cysteine containing molecules that are related to the CAAX motif that is the signal for protein prenylation. (Schaber et al., ibid; Reiss et. al., ibid; Reiss et al., PNAS, 88:732-736 (1991)). Such inhibitors may inhibit protein prenylation while serving as alternate substrates for the famesyl-protein transferase enzyme, or may be purely competitive inhibitors (U.S.
Patent 5,141,851, University of Texas; N.E. Kohl et al., Science, 260:1934-1937 (1993); Graham, et al., J. Med. Chem., 37, 725 (1994)).
In general, deletion of the thiol from a CAAX derivative has been shown to dramatically reduce the inhibitory potency of the compound.
However, the thiol group potentially places limitations on the therapeutic application of FPTase inhibitors with respect to pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity. Therefore, a functional replacement for the thiol is desirable.
It has recently been disclosed that certain tricyclic compounds which optionally incorporate a piperidine moiety are inhibitors of FPTase (WO 95/10514, WO 95/10515 and WO 95/10516).
Imidazole-containing inhibitors of faresyl protein transferase have also been disclosed (WO 95/09001 and EP 0 675 112 Al).
It has recently been reported that faresyl-protein transferase inhibitors are inhibitors of proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and are therefore useful in the prevention and therapy of arteriosclerosis and diabetic disturbance of blood vessels (JP H7-112930).
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to develop 1 WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -4low molecular weight compounds that will inhibit farnesyl-protein transferase and thus, the post-translational famesylation of proteins.
It is a further object of this invention to develop chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for producing the compounds of this invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises biheteroaryl-containing compounds which inhibit the famesyl-protein transferase. Further contained in this invention are chemotherapeutic compositions containing these famesyl transferase inhibitors and methods for their production.
The compounds of this invention are illustrated by the formula A: f- f
R
3 Q
(R
8 )r c, r (R d V A'(CR' 2 )nA 2
(CR
2 W (CR 2 X -(CR 2 2 )p R
A
I WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compounds of this invention are useful in the inhibition of famesyl-protein transferase and the famesylation of the oncogene protein Ras. In a first embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula A: (R-)r
V-
(CR
2 2 )p X -(CR 2 wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 R1 and R 2 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 R 1 1
R
10
(R
10
R
10 2N-C(NR10)-, R 1C(O)O-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 or R 1
OC(O)NR
1
O-,
c) unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocyclic, C3-C10 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358
R
3
R
4 and a) b) -6cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 100-., R I R' I C(0)NR 1 (Ri R 10 2N- CN, R I N3, -N(R'10)2, and R I IOC(O)-
NRIO-
R5are independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-, RI I R I C(O)NR 10-, R I IC(0)0-, (R I 0 R'1 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I I0C(0)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted ClI -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, R' IIS(O)m-, R 1 I C(0)NRI 10, (R 1 0 R' 0 2N- C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R I IOC(0)each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, ClI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, R I IC(0)0-, (R 10 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted ClI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 -7- C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, C(NR CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and RI IOC(O)any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
7 is selected from: H; Cl-4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) Ci1 -4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e)
'YR
0 f) -S0 2
R
11 g) N(R'10)2 or h) Cl1 -4 perfluoroalkyl;
R
8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, perfiuoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R 100-., R I S R I OC(O)NR (R 1 0%2NC(O)-, R 102N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'1 0 )2, or R IIOC(O)NR 10-, and WO 97/36897 PTU9/55 PCTIUS97/05358 -8 c) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, cyanophenyl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, peffluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, RIO00., RI IS(0)m-, R 1 0 C(0)NH-, (R 1 0
R
10 2N- C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or
R
1 0 0C(0)NH-; provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R I 10-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 1 0 (R 1 0 R 1 0 2N-C(NR 1 CN, N02, R' I N3, -N(R 10 or R I IOC(0)NR 10-, and c) C1I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R 10 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 1 0-, (Ri 0 R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, 102,or R I I0C(0)NR R 1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 I is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, ClI-C6 alkyl, C1I-C6 aralkyl, C I -C6 substituted aralkyl, C I -C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl;
A
1 I and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NRl -NRl 0, -N(RIO0>, -S(0)2N(RIO0>, -N(R 1 0 or S(O)m; WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -9- V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle, c) aryl, d) C -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, provided that V is not hydrogen if A is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, O, -C(0)NR 7
-NR
7 -C(0)NR 7
-NR
7 -S(0)2N(R10)-, -N(RlO)S(0)2- or provided that if a is N, then X is not 0, -C(0)NR 7 -C(0)NR 7 -S(0)2N(R 10)- or -NR 7 m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; qis 0, 1, 2 or 3; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and tis 0 or 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
A preferred embodiment of the compounds of this invention is illustrated by the following formula A: WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358
R
3 Q "f (R )r ae R 4 V A 1
(CR
2 )nA 2
(CR
2 W (CR22p X -(CR22) R
A
wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 R1 is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, R 10 0, -N(R10)2, F or C1-C6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, RIOO-, -N(R 10 )2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted Cl-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 1 0 0- and -N(RlO)2;
R
3
R
4 and R 5 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C 6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R' IIS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 1 02NC(O)-, R'1 0 2N- C(NR 1 CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'1 0 or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl; d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-Ci10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, C2-C6 aikynyl, R 12 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R 1 I C(O)NR (R 10 R I 0 2N- C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R II OC(O)each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-., R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R lQ2NC(O)-, R I 0 2N- C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I I0C(0)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl; substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 1 0 R 1 0 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, and R 1 1 0C(0)- WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 12 any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-C-2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
7 is selected from: H; Cl-4 alkyl, C3-.6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) C1 4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e) N 'YR 1 0 f) -SO 2
R'
1 g) N(RIO)2 or h) CIA perfluoroalkyl; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 100.., R I OC(O)i CN, N02, (Ri 102N-C(NR R I -N(R'10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 and c) C I -C6 alkyl substituted by ClI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 100., Ri I 0 C(O)NR (Ri 0 )2N-C(NR
R
1 I -N(Ri 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9 is selected from: WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 13 a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R I 1 R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 1 (R 10 )2NC(O)-, CN, N02, (R 10 )2N-C(NR 1 R I -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 and C) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 10 R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR (R I 0 CN, (R I 0 )2N-C(NR 1
R
1 I 102,or R' IIOC(O)NR R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, ClI-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R' is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, C I-C6 aralkyl, C I-C6 substituted araikyl, C I-C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 10-, 0, -N(R or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C I -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 14provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if A I is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, triazolyl or isoquinolinyl; X is a bond, 0, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 7
-NR
7
-NR
7 -S(0)2N(R10)-, -N(R IO)S(O)2- or provided that if a is N, then X is not 0, -C(0)NR 7 10)- or -NR7-; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; qis 0, 1, 2 or 3; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and t is 0 or 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
A preferred embodiment of the compounds of this invention are illustrated by the formula B: (R)r
R
9 R3 f Q V A'(CR' 2 )nA 2 (CR 1 2 N d
R
9 b
R
wherein: WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 RI is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R100, -N(R10)2, F or C1-C6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10
-N(R
10 )2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted Ci -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0- and -N(R 10 )2;
R
3 and R 4 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-,
R
1 R10C(O)NR10-, (R10)2NC(O)-, R 10 2N- CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 or R 1 0C(O)NR10_, c) unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, d) substituted Cl-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted Ci-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 0-, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 16 R' IIS(O)m-, R I OC(O)NRI 10, (RI 0 R 10 2N- C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(O)- NRfl each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -Ci 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I OC(O)NR 10-, (R'1 0 R 1 0 2N- C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR10-, (R 1 0 R 10 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and RIIOC(O)- NR 10 or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to formn a diradical selected from -CH=CH--CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, CI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, RIO0-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, CN, N02, (R'O)2N-C(NR'O)-, R IOC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R' I IC(O)NR 1 and WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 17c) C1-C6 alkyl substituted by Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R100-, RIOC(O)NR 10-, (R 10)2N-C(NR R 0C(O)-, -N(R10)2, or R 1 0C(O)NR 10 provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C -C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen;
R
10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R I1 is independently selected from Ci-C6 alkyl and aryl;
R
1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, Cl-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, Cl-C6 heteroaralkyl, C -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 10-, O, -N(R or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C1-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if A' is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if A' is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to A' is through a substitutable ring carbon; s X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 7
-NR
7
-NR
7 O or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(0)NR 7
-NR
7 or O; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Another preferred embodiment of the compounds of this invention are illustrated by the formula C: f (R8)r N R9a R f f V-A (CR 2 )nA (CR 2)n N a 4 9-d e
R
R9/ (R22)p-X
C
15 wherein: ais N orC; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is Sindependently N, NH, 0 or S; *o0o [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:tab WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 19 from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f's are independently
CR
6 RI is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIO0, -N(R 1 0 F or C I-C6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RIO)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 1 0 0- and -N(R 1 0 )2;
R
3 and R 4 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unisubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, CN(R 1 02NC(O)-, R 10 2N- C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I S R' I C(O)NR 1 (R 10 R 10 2N C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and R 1 1 0C(O)each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 20 b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I R IOC(O)NR 1 CN(RI 0 R I 0 2N- C(NR10)-, CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 1 0 or R I IOC(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 0-, R I R 1 I C(O)NRI 10, (R 1 0%2NC(O)-, R 1 0 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and RI I0C(O)any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, ClI-C6 perfinoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 0 R IOC(O)NR 1 CN, N02, (R 10 )2N-C(NR 1 R IOC(O)-, -N(R 1 0 or R I I0C(O)NR 10-, and C) C I -C6 alkyl substituted by ClI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 00.,
R
1 I C(O)NR 1 (Ri1 0 )2N-C(NR 1 R I OC(O)-, -N(R'10)2, or R' IIOC(O)NR 1 0-; provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to v is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9 a and R 9 b are independently hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; R1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 '1 is independently selected from C I-C 6 alkyl and aryl; R 12is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, C 1
-C
6 aralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted aralkyl, CI-C 6 heteroaralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C 1
-C
6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A' and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CII=CH-, -C(O)NR 10 0, -N(R 10 or S(0)mn; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl. and thienyl, c) aryl, d) CI-C 2 0 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C 1
-C
20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if A' is 1 and V is not hydrogen if A is a bond, n is 0 :20 and A 2 is S(0)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to A' is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CII-, -C(0)NR 7
-NR
7 0 or [R:\LIBAA07714.doc:tab 22 provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(O)NR 7
-NR
7 or O; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond, -NR 7 or O; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In a more preferred embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula D: fQ f
R
3 f//
R
9 a bC d A'(CR 2)n-N e R 4
R
9 b
D
R
8 wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is 15 independently N, NH, O or S; *o from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently CR 6 R is independently selected from: hydrogen, C 3
-C
10 cycloalkyl or 9 9 *99 *9 [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:tab WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 23 ClI-C6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RlO)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-CI0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R 10)2;
R
3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-,
R
1 I 8S(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 102NC(O)-, R 10 2N C(NR 1 CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I IOC(O)NR c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted CI -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 1 02NC(O)-, R 10 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, and R 1 1 0C(O)-
R
4 is selected from H, halogen, ClI-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl,
R
12 0-, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 24 C(NR 1 CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 or RI 1
OC(O)NRIO-,
c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, RI IS(O)m-, RI 1 OC(O)NRlO-, (RIO)2NC(O)-,
R
1 0 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and RIIOC(O)any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CI-=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 0 R IOC(O)NR 1 CN, N02, (R 1 0 )2N-C(NR'10)-, R IOC(O)-, -N(R 1 0 or R I I 0C(O)NR 10-, and c) C I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 0-, R I OC(O)NR 10-, (R 1 Q2N-C(NR R I OC(O)-, 102,or R I I0C(O)NR provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 1 is independently selected from CI -C 6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, CI-C 6 aralkyl, CI-C 6 Substituted aralkyl, C 1
-C
6 heteroaralkyl, C 1
-C
6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, CI-C 6 perfinoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A' is selected from: a bond, 0, -N(R' 0 or S(O)m; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -c(o)NR 7
-NR
7
-NR
7 0 or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(0)NR 7
-NR
7 or 0; n is 0 or 1; provided that n is not 0 if A' is a bond, 0, -N(R' 0 or S(O)m; m is 0, 1or 2;and p is 0,1, 2, 3or 4; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In another more preferred embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of famnesylprotein transferase are illustrated by the formnula E: *9*9 [RALTBAA]07714.doc:tab i WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -26- S R9b/ (CR2)p-X I E
R
8 wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, 0 and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, 0 or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 RI is independently selected from: hydrogen, R 1 0
-N(R
10
F,
C3-C10 cycloalkyl or Cl-C6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10
-N(R
10 )2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) Cl-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R100-, or -N(R10)2;
R
3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 27 C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1I-C6 peffluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I R I OC(O)NR (R 10 R 10 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 1 0 (R 1 R 10 2N- C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I I0C(O)- NR 1 0-
R
4 is selected from H, halogen, C1I-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-, R' IIS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 1 (R 10 R 10 2N- C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I I OC(O)NR c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 0-, R I 1 S(O)m R I OC (O)NR (R I 0 R 10 2N C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R II OC(O)any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH 2 -(CH2) 4 and -(C 2 3 provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, CI-C 6 alkyl, C 2
-C
6 alkenyl, C 2
-C
6 alkynyl,
C
1
-C
6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R' 0
R
10
C(O)NR
1 0 CN, NO 2
(R'
0 2
N-C(NR
1 0
R
1 0
-N(R'
0 2 or R''OC(O)NR' 0 and C) CI-C 6 alkyl substituted by CI-C 6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 R 10
C(O)NR
10 (Rlo) 2
N-C(NR
10
R'
0
-N(R
1 0 2 or R' 1 0C(O)NR 0 provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9aand Rb are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF 3 or methyl;
R
10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1
-C
6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R" is independently selected from C1 -C 6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from. hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, C 1
-C
6 aralkyl, C 1
-C
6 substituted arakl, CI-C 6 heteroaralkyl, C 1
-C
6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, 20 heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, CI-C 6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 7
-NR
7
-NR
7 0 or %:a IR:.\LIBAA]O7714.dOC:tab 29 provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(O)NR 7
-NR
7 or O; nis 0or 1; m is 0, 1 or 2; and p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond or O; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In a further embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of faresyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula F:
R
9 a R f N R
\Q
CR 2 N/ R b f 2,ae R 4
R
2 )p-X NC F wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; Sfrom 1-3 off(s) are independently N or and the remaining f's are independently CR 6 15 R' is independently selected from: hydrogen, C 3
-C
1 o cycloalkyl or C 1
-C
6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, ft ft ft ft ft ft ft* *ft ftft fttf ft fttffttf [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:tab WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 30 b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(R'O)2 or
F,
c) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, RlOO-, or -N(R'0)2;
R
3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1I-C6 peffluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R 1 I C(O)NR 1 0, (R 1 0%2NC(O)-, R 1 0 2N- C(NR 1 CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -Ci10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R' I C(O)NR 10-, (R I 0%2NC(O)-, R 1 0 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, and R 1 1 0C(O)- NR
R
4 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 R 1 0 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted CI-C 6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CI-C 6 alkyl. is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C 3 -CIO cycloalkyl, C 2
-C
6 alkenyl, C 2
-C
6 alkcynyl, R 12 o-,
R'
0
C(O)NR'
1
(R
10 2
R'
0 2
N-C(NRI
0 CN, R 10
N
3
-N(R
10 2 and R 1 1 0C(O)-NR' 0 or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH 2
-(CH
2 4 and -(CH 2 3 provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
9 and R 9 b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF 3 or methyl;
R
10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1
-C
6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R" is independently selected from C I-C 6 ailkyl and aryl; R 12is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1
-C
6 ailkyl, C 1
-C
6 aralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C 6 heteroaralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, CI-C 6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -c(o)NR 7
-NR
7 N1R 7 0 or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(0)NIR-, -NIR 7 or 0; m is 0,l1or 2; and p is 0, 1,2, 3or 4; 0 Does" 9:P99: 000..
a [R:\'JBAA]07714doctab WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -32or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In a further embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula G:
R
3 f Q
R
9 b N R ga f R a, e R 4 NC e A (CR 1 2 )n R 2
G
wherein: a is C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 R is independently selected from: hydrogen, R100-, -N(R10)2, F, C3-C10 cycloalkyl or CI-C6 alkyl;
R
2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle or C3-C10 cycloalkyl, c) CI-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0-, or-N(R 0)2; WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 33
R
3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -Ci 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 1 0 (R 1 02NC(O)-, R 10 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I 0 C(O)NR 10 (R 1%2NC(O)-, R 10 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R 1 1 0C(O)-
R
4 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C 6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 1 R 10 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 or R I I0C(O)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R1 2 0-, WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -34- CN, R10C(O)-, N3, -N(RlO)2, and R11OC(O)or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R11 is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl and aryl;
R
12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, Cl-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C6 heteroaralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; Al is selected from: a bond, O, or S(O)m; m is 0, 1 or 2; and nis 0 or 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Specific examples of the compounds of the invention are: 1-(5-(Pyrid-2'-yl)-thien-2-ylmethyl)-5-( 4 -cyanobenzyl)imidazole WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358
NC
N
N
1-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-5-[4-(pyrid-2-yl)thiazol- 2 -ylmethyl]imidazole
NC
N ~S
N-
N
or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
The compounds of the present invention may have asymmetric centers and occur as racemates, racemic mixtures, and as individual diastereomers, with all possible isomers, including optical isomers, being included in the present invention. Also, combinations of substituents/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
As used herein, "alkyl" and the alkyl portion of aralkyl and similar terms, is intended to include both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms; "alkoxy" represents an alkyl group of indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an oxygen bridge.
As used herein, "cycloalkyl" is intended to include nonaromatic cyclic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and the like.
"Alkenyl" groups include those groups having the specified number of carbon atoms and having one or several double bonds.
WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 36- Examples of alkenyl groups include vinyl, allyl, isopropenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, I-propenyl, 2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, isoprenyl, famrnesyl, geranyl, geranylgeranyl and the like.
"Alkynyl" groups include those groups having the specified number of carbon atoms and having one triple bonds. Examples of alkynyl groups include acetylene, 2-butynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl and the like.
"Halogen" or "halo" as used herein means fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
As used herein, "aryl," and the aryl portion of aroyl and aralkyl, is intended to mean any stable monocyclic or bicyclic carbon ring of up to 7 members in each ring, wherein at least one ring is aromatic. Examples of such aryl elements include phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indanyl, biphenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl or acenaphthyl.
The term heterocycle or heterocyclic, as used herein, represents a stable 5- to 7-membered monocyclic or stable 8- to I I -membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring which is either saturated or unsaturated, and which consists of carbon atoms and from one to four heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, 0, and S, and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring. The heterocyclic ring may be attached at any heteroatom or carbon atom which results in the creation of a stable structure. Examples of such heterocyclic elements include, but are not limited to, azepinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzofurazanyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiopyranyl, benzofuryl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, chromanyl, cinnolinyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl sulfone, furyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, indolinyl, indolyl, isochromanyl, isoindolinyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolidinyl, morpholinyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, 2 -oxoazepinyl, oxazolyl, 2 -oxopiperazinyl, 2 -oxopiperdinyl, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, pyridyl, WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -37pyrazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, thiamorpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl sulfoxide, thiazolyl, thiazolinyl, thienofuryl, thienothienyl, and thienyl.
As used herein, "heteroaryl" is intended to mean any stable monocyclic or bicyclic carbon ring of up to 7 members in each ring, wherein at least one ring is aromatic and wherein from one to four carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, 0, and S. Examples of such heterocyclic elements include, but are not limited to, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzofurazanyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiopyranyl, benzofuryl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, chromanyl, cinnolinyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl sulfone, furyl, imidazolyl, indolinyl, indolyl, isochromanyl, isoindolinyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, thiazolyl, thienofuryl, thienothienyl, and thienyl.
As used herein in the definition of R 7 the substituted Cl -8 alkyl, substituted C3-6 cycloalkyl, substituted aroyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaroyl, substituted arylsulfonyl, substituted heteroarylsulfonyl and substituted heterocycle include moieties containing from I to 3 substituents in addition to the point of attachment to the rest of the compound.
As used herein, when no specific substituents are set forth, the terms "substituted aryl", "substituted heterocycle" and "substituted cycloalkyl" are intended to include the cyclic group which is substituted on a substitutable ring carbon atom with I or 2 substitutents selected from the group which includes but is not limited to F, Cl, Br, CF3, NH2, N(CI-C6 alkyl)2, N02, CN, (Cl-C6 alkyl)O-, -OH, (Cl-C6 alkyl)S(O)m-, (Cl -C6 alkyl)C(O)NH-, H2N-C(NH)-, (C -C6 alkyl)C(O)-, (CI-C6 alkyl)OC(O)-, N3,(C1-C6 alkyl)OC(O)NH-, WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 38 phenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, isothiazolyl and C1 -C20 alkyl.
The moiety designated by the following structure d a-e represents an aromatic 5-membered heterocyclic ring and includes the following ring systems: N N N NN, NN N N N N NN N N N N~- N N-S W N NN N
N
NN N Preferably the aromatic 5-membered heterocyclic ring is selected from: WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 0 0 0 39 [zN
NUS
N L The moiety designated by the following structure Qf represents an aromatic 6-membered heterocyclic ring and includes the following ring systems: p 6 6
R
6
R
6
R
6 N P 6 R' 6 N NI XI ~4N 6
R
6 N R 6 R 6 N N N R P 6 RP6 0 H N k N H 0IZ 0 H N N H N 0 R 6 WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 Preferably, the aromatic 6-membered heterocyclic ring is a pyridyl group.
The moiety described as f f/ where any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)4- includes, but is not limited to the following structures:
N
N
N
N
N--
Niw
'N
I r, 1, M Nl Nt 2
N./
It is understood that such fused ring moieties by the remaining R 6 s as defined hereinabove.
may be further substituted WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -41 Lines drawn into the ring systems from substituents (such as from R 3
R
4 Q etc.) means that the indicated bond may be attached to any of the substitutable ring carbon or nitrogen atoms.
Preferably, from 1-2 of f(s) are independently N, and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 Preferably, R1 and R 2 are independently selected from: hydrogen, R 1 1
-N(R
10
R
10 C(O)NR0O-, R100- or unsubstituted or substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, -N(R 10 RIOO- and R10C(O)NRO1-.
Preferably, R 3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)- or-N(R O)2, c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted Cl-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 0-, R 11S(O)m-, R0OC(O)NR10-, (R10)2NC(O)-, R 10 2N- CN, R10C(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and RllOC(O)- Preferably, R 4 is selected from: hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy and C1-C6 alkyl.
Preferably, R 5 is hydrogen.
Preferably, R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-, R 1 CN, N02, R 10 or -N(R 10 )2, c) unsubstituted Cl-C6 alkyl; d) substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -42substituted aryl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R120-, R 1S(O)m-, R1OC(O)- or -N(R10)2; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4and -(CH2)3-.
Preferably, R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, and b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl or CN.
Preferably, R 9 is hydrogen, halogen or methyl.
Preferably, R10 is selected from H, Cl-C6 alkyl and benzyl.
Preferably, Al and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -C(O)NR -NR 0, -N(R -S(0)2N(RO)- and -N(RIO)S(0)2-.
Preferably, V is selected from hydrogen, heterocycle and aryl. More preferably, V is phenyl.
Preferably, W is selected from imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyyrolidinyl, thiazolyl and pyridyl. More preferably, W is selected from imidazolyl and pyridyl.
Preferably, n and r are independently 0, 1, or 2.
Preferably s is 0. Preferably t is 1.
It is intended that the definition of any substituent or variable R1, R2, R 9 n, etc.) at a particular location in a molecule be independent of its definitions elsewhere in that molecule. Thus, -N(R10)2 represents -NHH, -NHCH3, -NHC2H5, etc. It is understood that substituents and substitution patterns on the compounds of the instant invention can be selected by one of ordinary skill in the art to provide compounds that are chemically stable and that can be synthesized by techniques known in the art, as well as those methods set forth below, from readily available starting materials.
The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention include the conventional non-toxic salts of the compounds of this invention as formed, from non-toxic inorganic or organic WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -43acids. For example, such conventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like: and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxy-benzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, isethionic, trifluoroacetic and the like.
The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention can be synthesized from the compounds of this invention which contain a basic moiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, the salts are prepared either by ion exchange chromatography or by reacting the free base with stoichiometric amounts or with an excess of the desired salt-forming inorganic or organic acid in a suitable solvent or various combinations of solvents.
Reactions used to generate the compounds of this invention are prepared by employing reactions as shown in the Schemes 1-25, in addition to other standard manipulations such as ester hydrolysis, cleavage of protecting groups, etc., as may be known in the literature or exemplified in the experimental procedures. Substituents R 3
R
6 and R 8 as shown in the Schemes, represent the substituents R 3
R
4
R
5
R
6 and R 8 although only one such R 3
R
6 or R 8 is present in the intermediates and products of the schemes, it is understood that the reactions shown are also applicable when such aryl or heteroaryl moieties contain multiple substituents.
These reactions may be employed in a linear sequence to provide the compounds of the invention or they may be used to synthesize fragments which are subsequently joined by the alkylation reactions described in the Schemes. Other reactions useful in the preparation of heteroaryl moieties are described in "Comprehensive Organic Chemistry, Volume 4: Heterocyclic Compounds" ed. P.G.
Sammes, Oxford (1979) and references therein. Aryl-aryl coupling li~il WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -44is generally described in "Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations," Katritsky et al. eds., pp 472-473, Pergamon Press (1995).
Synopsis of Schemes 1-25: The requisite intermediates are in some cases commercially available, or can be prepared according to literature procedures, for the most part. Schemes 1- 15 illustrate synthesis of the instant biheteroaryl compound which incorporate a preferred benzylimidazolyl sidechain.
Thus, in Scheme 1, for example, a biheteroaryl intermediate that is not commercially available may be synthesized by methods known in the art. Thus, a pyridyl boronic acid I may be reacted under Suzuki coupling conditions (Pure Appl. Chem., 63:419 (1991)) with a suitably substituted halogenated heteroaryl moiety, such as 2-bromothienyl-4carboxylic acid, to provide the biheteroaryl carboxylic acid II. The acid may be reduced and the triflate of the intermediate alcohol III may be formed in situ and coupled to a suitably substituted benzylimidazolyl IV to provide, after deprotection, the instant compound V.
Schemes 2-5 illustrate other methods of synthesizing the key alcohol intermediates, which can then be processed as described in Scheme 1. Thus, Scheme 2 illustrates the analogous series of biheteroaryl alcohol forming reactions starting with the halogenated heteroarylaldehyde.
Scheme 3 illustrates the reaction wherein the "terminal" heteroaryl moiety is employed in the Suzuki coupling as the halogenated reactant. Such a coupling reaction is also compatible when one of the reactants incorporates a suitably protected hydroxyl functionality as illustrated in Scheme 4.
Negishi chemistry (Org. Synth., 66:67 (1988)) may also be employed to form the biheteroaryl component of the instant compounds, as shown in Scheme 5. Thus, a zinc bromide adduct, such as 2-pyridyl zinc bromide, may be coupled to a suitably substituted heteroaryl halide in the presence of nickel (II) to provide the biheteroaryl VI. The heteroaryl halide and the zinc bromide adduct may be selected based WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 on the availability of the starting reagents.
As illustrated in Scheme 6, the sequence of coupling reactions may be modified such that the heteroaryl-heteroaryl bond is formed last. Thus, a suitably substituted imidazole may first be alkylated with a heteroarylmethyl halide to provide intermediate VII.
Intermediate VII can then undergo Suzuki type coupling to a suitably substituted heteroaryl boronic acid.
Scheme 7 illustrates the synthesis of a thiazole containing instant compound from the acyclic precursors. Similar strategies may be utilized to prepare other bisheteroatom moieties.
Schemes 8 and 9 illustrate synthetic strategies that utilize the nucleophilicity of an imidazolyl component of the biheteroaryl.
Thus, as shown in Scheme 8, readily synthesized 4-(2-pyridyl)imidazole may be reacted with a suitably substituted imidazolyl methyl halide to provide the instant compound VIII. If a particular substituted aryl imidazole is not commercially available, it may be synthesized as illustrated in Scheme 9.
Scheme 10 illustrates synthesis of an instant compound wherein a non-hydrogen R9b is incorporated in the instant compound.
Thus, a readily available 4-substituted imidazole IX may be selectively iodinated to provide the 5-iodoimidazole X. That imidazole may then be protected and coupled to a suitably substituted benzyl moiety to provide intermediate XI. Intermediate XI can then undergo the alkylation reactions that were described hereinabove.
Scheme 11 illustrates synthesis of instant compounds that incorporate a preferred imidazolyl moiety connected to the biheteroaryl moiety via an alkyl amino, sulfonamide or amide linker. Thus, the 4-aminoalkylimidazole XII, wherein the primary amine is protected as the phthalimide, is selectively alkylated then deprotected to provide the amine XIII. The amine XIII may then react under conditions well known in the art with various activated biheteroaryl moieties to provide the instant compounds shown.
Compounds of the instant invention wherein the AI (CR 1 2)nA 2
(CR
1 2)n linker is oxygen may be synthesized by WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -46methods known in the art, for example as shown in Scheme 12.
The suitably substituted phenol XIV may be reacted with methyl N-(cyano)methanimidate to provide the 4-phenoxyimidazole XV.
After selective protection of one of the imidazolyl nitrogens, the intermediate XVI can undergo alkylation reactions as described for the benzylimidazoles hereinabove.
Scheme 13 illustrates an analogous series of reactions wherein the (CR 2 2)pX(CR 2 2)p linker of the instant compounds is oxygen. Thus, a suitably substituted haloheteroaryl alcohol, such as is reacted with methyl N-(cyano)methanimidate to provide intermediate XVI. Intermediate XVI is then protected and, if desired to form a compound of a preferred embodiment, alkylated with a suitably protected benzyl. The intermediate XVII can then be coupled to a second heteroaryl moiety by Suzuki chemistry to provide the instant compound.
Compounds of the instant invention wherein the A (CR12)nA 2
(CR
1 2)n linker is a substituted methylene may be synthesized by the methods shown in Scheme 14. Thus, the N-protected imidazolyl iodide XVIII is reacted, under Grignard conditions with a suitably protected benzaldehyde to provide the alcohol XIX. Acylation, followed by the alkylation procedure illustrated in the Schemes above (in particular, Scheme 1) provides the instant compound XX. If other
R
1 substituents are desired, the acetyl moiety can be manipulated as illustrated in the Scheme.
Addition of various nucleophiles to an imidazolyl aldehyde may also be employed to form a substituted alkyl linker between the biheteroaryl moiety and the preferred W (imidazolyl) as shown in Scheme 15. Thus a bishalogenated five membered heteroaryl, such as 2,4-dibromothiophene, may undergo metal halogen exchange followed by reaction with a suitably substituted imidazolyl aldehyde and acteylation to form a regioisomeric mixture of the acetyl intermediates.
The halogenated regioisomeric mixture may be chromatographically separated at this stage, if convenient. Suzuki coupling with a suitably substituted 6-membered heteroaryl boronic acid affords the instant i WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -47acetoxy compound, which can be treated with lithium hydroxide to remove the acetyl group. Then, similar substituent manipulation as shown in Scheme 14 may be performed on a fully functionalized compound which incorporates an R 2 hydroxyl moiety.
SCHEME 1
R
6
(HO)
2
B
A
V
HO- 7 Br Pd(PPh 3 4 0 A LiAIH4
HO
NHO
A
HO
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 48- SCHEME I (continued) (continued) NiCI 2 (PPh 3 2 ll ZnBr 7- 8 7- A (CF 3
SO
2 2 0, -780C NEtiPr 2
CH
2 C1 2 -78OC-200C
NA
7- IV R 8 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 49 SCHEME 2 A (HO)AfB Br Pd(P Ph 3 4 0 A -N I \>~R~NaBH 4 A -N HO-, R 6 SCHEME 3 R 6 MeO /B(OH) 2 BdP r) 0 MeG \LiAIH 4 0 6) WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 SCHEME 4
A
R
3 SiO 7 B(OH) 2 N
I
Br P d( P Ph 3 4 A -N Bu 4
NF
R
3 SiO- 6 A -N RSi/ Br (HO) 2
B
Pd(PPh 3 4 A
BU
4
NF
R
3 SiO" R/ 6> A N HO,, 71 6 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 51 SCHEME I BrZn R3SO" Br Ni C 2( Ph 3 2 A -N BuNF
R
3 SiO" R/ 6 ViI A -N HO,1 \R6 "JNj
AR
ZnBr R3S Z~ r Ni CI2( Ph 3 2 A -N BU 4
NF
R
3 SiO,.
HO-, R/ 6 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 52 SCHEME 6 Tr
A
i. Br N-
B
N H.MeOH ref lux Nzj 0-A NA/-Br R Vill R 6
<N
(HO)2
B,
Pd(PPh 3 4 R 6 N A -k 2J
\N
Rg WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 53 SCHEME 7 R8
NH
3 /EtOH /RT /k 0000H 3 N
CONH
2
ND/-^
Lawesson' s Reagent 1 ,4-dioxane 800C R 8
/CSNH
2
N
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 54 SCHEME 7 (continued)
H
3 C Py.HBr.Br 2 NBr' N> 0 0
N
Nj
NH
2 N s
</N
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 55 SCHEME 8 N K I R 6 (H0) 2 B "I N) 1. Pd(PPh 3 )4 2. CF 3
CO
2 H, Et.
3 SiH N
CI
N:
NaH, DMF
R
6 WO 97136897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 56 SCHEME 9
HA
2 N R 3 R 6 HN
NI
N
c
N
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 57 SCHEME
N
R 9 1 Ix NalNaHCO 3 ,1 2
N
R 9 b Tr~l, NEtS,
N
R~b R 9 b.
NiC 1 2 (P Ph 3 2 Zn Br b-c a,.
Ke OTf i. -78 0 C-20 0
C
ii. MeOH, refiux WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97105358 58 SCHEME 11 0--Z
R
8 0
C,CH
3 4CN ii. EtOH,80 0 C, NH 2
NH
2 x~l
N
8-N N H 2 acylation, sulfonylation or aikylation
R
8 fNI.ff
N
RK4 H \c 6' d- f WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 59 SCHEME 12 NC
()O
XIV
iNa, MeOH ii. 120C H~3C, 0 N N-
H
NCN
NC-oXV Tr Tr~l, NEt 3 N
NC
Xvi Tr
NC
i. -780C-200C ii. MeOH reflux OTf
XVI
N C WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 SCHEME 13
RS
Br Tr~l, NEt 3
RS
Br OH i, Na, MeOH ii. 12000
H
3C, t B r
RH
8 Br xv' OTf i. -78 0 C-20 0
C
ii. MeOH reflux f- DMF, Pd(PPh 3 4
K
3 P0 4 80 0
C
-0 xv" 03 R6~j3~f/o WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 61 SCHEME 14
?N
EtMgBr O H R8
XIX
XVIII
AC
2 O, py b-C E.d
(CF
3 S02) 2 0,-~780C NEtiPr 2
,CH
2 Ci 2 f LiOH QAc
XX
f f 6
OH
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTfUS97/05358 62 SCHEME 14 (continued) f f
NH
3 MeGH R 3 6 f R6
NH
2 R 8 ff OMe WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 63 SCHEME Br s \Br BuLi Br Li)+ Br s Li Br 2. AcCI QAc fZ f
(HO)
2
B
Pd(PPh 3 4 R 8 LiGH I f OH f f, WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -64- Schemes 16-25 illustrate reactions wherein the moiety (R)r V A'(CR 2 )A2(CR1 2 n W (CR22)p-Xincorporated in the compounds of the instant invention is represented by other than a substituted imidazole-containing group.
Thus, the intermediates whose synthesis are illustrated in Schemes hereinabove and other biheteroaryl intermediates obtained commercially or readily synthesized, can be coupled with a variety of aldehydes. The aldehydes can be prepared by standard procedures, such as that described by O. P. Goel, U. Krolls, M. Stier and S. Kesten in Organic Syntheses, 1988, 67, 69-75, from the appropriate amino acid (Scheme 16). Metal halogen exchange chemistry (Scheme 15) may be employed when manipulating the aldehydes. Alternatively, Grignard chemistry may be utilized, as shown in Scheme 16. Thus, Suzuki coupling provides, for example, the pyrrole containing biheteroaryl XXI. Reaction of the intermediate XXI with a Grignard reagent provides the N-pyrrylmagnesium derivative XXIa, which is then reacted with an aldehyde to provide the C-alkylated instant compound XXII. The product XXII can be deoxygenated by methods known in the art, such as a catalytic hydrogention, then deprotected with trifluoroacetic acid in methylene chloride to give the final compound XXIIa. The final product XXII may be isolated in the salt form, for example, as a trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride or acetate salt, among others. The product diamine XXII can further be selectively protected to obtain XXIII, which can subsequently be reductively alkylated with a second aldehyde to obtain XXIV. Removal of the protecting group, and conversion to cyclized products such as the dihydroimidazole XXV can be accomplished by literature procedures.
Scheme 17 illustrates the use of in situ formation of a lithium anion of a suitably substituted N-alkyl pyrrole to provide the C-alkylated compound of the instant invention.
WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 65 If the biheteroaryl subunit is reacted with an aldehyde which also has a protected hydroxyl group, such as XXVI in Scheme 18, the protecting groups can be subsequently removed to unmask the hydroxyl group (Schemes 18, 19). The alcohol can be oxidized under standard conditions to e.g. an aldehyde, which can then be reacted with a variety of organometallic reagents such as Grignard reagents, to obtain secondary alcohols such as XXX. In addition, the fully deprotected amino alcohol XXXI can be reductively alkylated (under conditions described previously) with a variety of aldehydes to obtain secondary amines, such as XXXII (Scheme 19), or tertiary amines.
The Boc protected amino alcohol XXVIII can also be utilized to synthesize 2-aziridinylmethylbiheteroaryl such as XXXIII (Scheme 20). Treating XXVIII with 1,1'-sulfonyldiimidazole and sodium hydride in a solvent such as dimethylformamide led to the formation of aziridine XXXIII The aziridine is reacted with a nucleophile, such as a thiol, in the presence of base to yield the ringopened product XXXIV.
In addition, the biheteroaryl subunit can be reacted with aldehydes derived from amino acids such as O-alkylated tyrosines, according to standard procedures, to obtain compounds such as XL, as shown in Scheme 21. When R' is an aryl group, XL can first be hydrogenated to unmask the phenol, and the amine group deprotected with acid to produce XLI. Alternatively, the amine protecting group in XL can be removed, and O-alkylated phenolic amines such as XLII produced.
Schemes 22-25 illustrate syntheses of suitably substituted aldehydes useful in the syntheses of the instant compounds wherein the variable W is present as a pyridyl moiety. Similar synthetic strategies for preparing alkanols that incorporate other heterocyclic moieties for variable W are also well known in the art.
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 66 SCHEME 16
N
H
Br f f fPd(F +R6 f f f EtMgBr f N
XXI
H
V. R 6 XXIa BrMg 'Ph 3 4 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 67 SCHEME 16 (continued) f f f Boc
NHI
Boc NH CHO Et 2
O
BrMg f
A
6
HO
Boc NH
N
H
NHBoc f- 1 catalytic hydrogenation 2. CF 3
CO
2
H
CH
2
CI
2
NH
2
BOC
2 0
CH
2
CI
2
NH
2 XXIla CaHO NaBH(OAc) 3 Et 3 N ClCH 2
CH
2 Cl
NH
2
XXIII
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 68 SCHEME 16 (continued) f
CF
3
CO
2 H, 0H 2 01 2 NaHCO 3
NH
XXIV
f f
NO
C-
NH
AgON A f~f N N
XXV
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUJS97/05358 69 SCHEME 17 No alkyl f -s f f Pd(PPh 3 4 fR Boo NH BuLi Boo NH CHO TMEDA Et 2 0 R 6N
N
alkyl f6 R6 f
HO
Boo NH
N
Iq alkyl NHBoc WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 SCHEME 18 Et 2
O
BrMg- BnOI BocNH CHO
XXVI
620% Pd(OH) 2
H
2
CH
3 0H
CH
3
CO
2
H
NHBoc d f NHBoc
XXVII
CICOCOCI
DMSO 0H 2 C1 2 (C2 H 5 3
N
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 71 SCHEME 18 (CONTINU ED) f R 6 R'MgX NHBoc
XXIX
HBoc
XXX
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 72 SCHEME 19 f f e- iR3
CF
3 00 2
H
CH
2
GI
2
R'CHO
NaBH(OAc) 3
D
GIG H 20H 2 0 I
HO
NH
2
XXXI
f~f RC 3~ HO
NH
R'CH
2
XXXII
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 73 SCHEME H H R N, NsN7 NaH, DMF 0 0
C
HO a NHBoc XXVIHl ff
R
t1
SH
(0 2
H
5 3
NA
CH
3 0HA XXXII I b f R"R6
NH
2 xxx iv WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 74 SCHEME 21
HO
H
2 N C0 2
H
1) Boc 2 O, K 2 00 3
THF-H
2 0 2) CH 2
N
2 EtOAc
HO
BocINH
CO
2
CH
3 xxxv' xxxv LiAIH 4
THF
0-20 0
C
H
2
X
CS
2
CO
3
DMF
BocNH' xxxvii R CH, Rf'"CH 2
O
pyridine -S23
C.
DMSO
(C
2
H
5 3 N BcN CO 2000 oN
H
I CH 2 0H xxxv"'l WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 75 SCHEME 21 (continued)
R"'CH,
IXL
BocNH' b-C If i +BrMgx- d f, f R R3 Et 2 0 2.
f- 20% Pd(OH) 2
H
2
CH
3 OH, CH 3
CO
2
H
I 3. HG!, EtOAc R 6 NHBoc 1) 20% Pd(OH) 2
H
2
CH
3 OH, CH 3
CO
2
H
2) HO!, EtOAc f R6
NH
2
XLII
XLI
NH
2 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTJUS97/05358 76 SCHEME 22 1) HNO 2 ,Br 2 2) KMnO 4 3) MeGH, H 4
CO
2
CH
3 Br- N ZnC1 2 ,NiCI 2 (Ph 3 p) 2 NaBH 4 (excess)
SO
3 -Py, Et3N R 6
CHO
DMSO
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 77 SCHEME 23 1. EtO(CO)CJ C-rBr Zn, CuON 3. S, xylene, heat
CO
2
CH
3
N
-C0 2
CH
3 NaBH 4 (excess) B r, N
XHR
6
SO
3 'Py, Et3N
CH
2 0H DMSO
N'
)_CHO
CO
2
CH
3 3 MgCI ZnCI 2 NiCI 2 (Ph 3 p) 2 NaBH 4 (excess)
.CH
2
OH
SO
3 -Py, Et 3
N
DMSO
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 78 SCHEME 24
N
1. LDA, C0 2 2. MeOH, HI
CQ
2
CH
3 Br
N
R 6 MgCI ZnCI 2 NiCI 2 (Ph 3
P)
2 0 2
CH
3 NaB H 4 (excess)
SO
3 -Py, Et 3
N
DMSO
WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 79 SCHEME a N Br R 6 Br 1. LDA, C0 2 y 2. (CH 3 3 SiCHN 2
NN
R
6 N C 0 2
CH
3 Zn, NiCI 2 (PhF excess NaB H 4 R 6 N N
CH
2 0H NZ1-
SO
3 -Py, Et 3
N
DMSO
CHO
WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 The instant compounds are useful as pharmaceutical agents for mammals, especially for humans. These compounds may be administered to patients for use in the treatment of cancer. Examples of the type of cancer which may be treated with the compounds of this invention include, but are not limited to, colorectal carcinoma, exocrine pancreatic carcinoma, myeloid leukemias and neurological tumors.
Such tumors may arise by mutations in the ras genes themselves, mutations in the proteins that can regulate Ras activity neurofibromin neu, scr, abl, Ick, fyn) or by other mechanisms.
The compounds of the instant invention inhibit famesylprotein transferase and the famesylation of the oncogene protein Ras.
The instant compounds may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis, thereby affecting the growth of tumors Rak et al. Cancer Research, 55:4575- 4580 (1995)). Such anti-angiogenesis properties of the instant compounds may also be useful in the treatment of certain forms of blindness related to retinal vascularization.
The compounds of this invention are also useful for inhibiting other proliferative diseases, both benign and malignant, wherein Ras proteins are aberrantly activated as a result of oncogenic mutation in other genes the Ras gene itself is not activated by mutation to an oncogenic form) with said inhibition being accomplished by the administration of an effective amount of the compounds of the invention to a mammal in need of such treatment. For example, a component of NF-I is a benign proliferative disorder.
The instant compounds may also be useful in the treatment of certain viral infections, in particular in the treatment of hepatitis delta and related viruses Glenn et al. Science, 256:1331-1333 (1992).
The compounds of the instant invention are also useful in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty by inhibiting neointimal formation Indolfi et al. Nature medicine, 1:541-545(1995).
The instant compounds may also be useful in the treatment and prevention of polycystic kidney disease Schaffner et al.
WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -81 American Journal of Pathology, 142:1051-1060 (1993) and B. Cowley, Jr. et al.FASEB Journal, 2:A3160 (1988)).
The instant compounds may also be useful for the treatment of fungal infections.
The compounds of this invention may be administered to mammals, preferably humans, either alone or, preferably, in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents, optionally with known adjuvants, such as alum, in a pharmaceutical composition, according to standard pharmaceutical practice. The compounds can be administered orally or parenterally, including the intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, rectal and topical routes of administration.
For oral use of a chemotherapeutic compound according to this invention, the selected compound may be administered, for example, in the form of tablets or capsules, or as an aqueous solution or suspension. In the case of tablets for oral use, carriers which are commonly used include lactose and corn starch, and lubricating agents, such as magnesium stearate, are commonly added. For oral administration in capsule form, useful diluents include lactose and dried corn starch. When aqueous suspensions are required for oral use, the active ingredient is combined with emulsifying and suspending agents. If desired, certain sweetening and/or flavoring agents may be added. For intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous use, sterile solutions of the active ingredient are usually prepared, and the pH of the solutions should be suitably adjusted and buffered. For intravenous use, the total concentration of solutes should be controlled in order to render the preparation isotonic.
The compounds of the instant invention may also be co-administered with other well known therapeutic agents that are selected for their particular usefulness against the condition that is being treated. For example, the instant compounds may be useful in combination with known anti-cancer and cytotoxic agents. Similarly, the instant compounds may be useful in combination with agents that WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 82are effective in the treatment and prevention of NF-1I, restinosis, polycystic kidney disease, infections of hepatitis delta and related viruses and fungal infections.
If formulated as a fixed dose, such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the dosage range described below and the other pharmaceutically active agent(s) within its approved dosage range. Compounds of the instant invention may alternatively be used sequentially with known pharmaceutically acceptable agent(s) when a combination formulation is inappropriate.
The present invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition useful in the treatment of cancer, comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds of this invention, with or without pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents. Suitable compositions of this invention include aqueous solutions comprising compounds of this invention and pharmacologically acceptable carriers, saline, at a pH level, 7.4. The solutions may be introduced into a patient's blood-stream by local bolus injection.
As used herein, the term "composition" is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specific amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specific ingredients in the specified amounts.
When a compound according to this invention is administered into a human subject, the daily dosage will normally be determined by the prescribing physician with the dosage generally varying according to the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, as well as the severity of the patient's symptoms.
In one exemplary application, a suitable amount of compound is administered to a mammal undergoing treatment for cancer. Administration occurs in an amount between about 0.1 mg/kg of body weight to about 60 mg/kg of body weight per day, preferably of between 0.5 mg/kg of body weight to about 40 mg/kg of body weight per day.
WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 83 The compounds of the instant invention are also useful as a component in an assay to rapidly determine the presence and quantity of faresyl-protein transferase (FPTase) in a composition.
Thus the composition to be tested may be divided and the two portions contacted with mixtures which comprise a known substrate of FPTase (for example a tetrapeptide having a cysteine at the amine terminus) and farnesyl pyrophosphate and, in one of the mixtures, a compound of the instant invention. After the assay mixtures are incubated for an sufficient period of time, well known in the art, to allow the FPTase to farnesylate the substrate, the chemical content of the assay mixtures may be determined by well known immunological, radiochemical or chromatographic techniques. Because the compounds of the instant invention are selective inhibitors of FPTase, absence or quantitative reduction of the amount of substrate in the assay mixture without the compound of the instant invention relative to the presence of the unchanged substrate in the assay containing the instant compound is indicative of the presence of FPTase in the composition to be tested.
It would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that such an assay as described above would be useful in identifying tissue samples which contain famesyl-protein transferase and quantitating the enzyme. Thus, potent inhibitor compounds of the instant invention may be used in an active site titration assay to determine the quantity of enzyme in the sample. A series of samples composed of aliquots of a tissue extract containing an unknown amount of farnesylprotein transferase, an excess amount of a known substrate of FPTase (for example a tetrapeptide having a cysteine at the amine terminus) and famesyl pyrophosphate are incubated for an appropriate period of time in the presence of varying concentrations of a compound of the instant invention. The concentration of a sufficiently potent inhibitor one that has a Ki substantially smaller than the concentration of enzyme in the assay vessel) required to inhibit the enzymatic activity of the sample by 50% is approximately equal to half of the concentration of the enzyme in that particular sample.
WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -84-
EXAMPLES
Examples provided are intended to assist in a further understanding of the invention. Particular materials employed, species and conditions are intended to be further illustrative of the invention and not limitative of the reasonable scope thereof.
EXAMPLE 1 1-(5-(Pyrid-2'-yl)-thien-2-ylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole trifluoroacetic acid salt Step A: -Tritvl-4-(4-cyanobenzvl)-imidazole To a suspension of activated zinc dust (3.57g, 54.98 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added dibromoethane (0.315 mL, 3.60 mmol) and the reaction stirred under argon for 45 minutes, at 20 0 C. The suspension was cooled to 0°C and a-bromo-p-tolunitrile (9.33g, 47.6 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was added dropwise over a period of 10 minutes. The reaction was then allowed to stir at 20 0 C for 6 hours and bis(triphenylphosphine)Nickel II chloride (2.40g, 3.64 mmol) and 4-iodotrityl imidazole (15.95g, 36.6 mmol) were added in one portion. The resulting mixture was stirred 16 hours at 20 0 C and then quenched by addition of saturated NH4Cl solution (100 mL) and the mixture stirred for 2 hours. Saturated aq. NaHCO3 solution was added to give a pH of 8 and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2 x 250 mL), dried (MgSO4) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed (Silica gel, 0-20% EtOAc inCH2Cl2) to afford the title compound as a white solid.
1H NMR (CDC13, 400Mz) 6 (7.54 (2H, d, J=7.9Hz), 7.38(1H, 7.36- 7.29 (11H, 7.15-7.09(6H, 6.58(1H, s) and 3.93(2H, s) ppm.
Step B: 5-(Pvrid-2-vl)-2-hvdroxvmethvlthiophene WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 85 To a solution of 5-(pyrid- 2 '-yl)-thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (1.17 g, 5.73 mmol) in THF (25 mL) at 0°C is added 1.0 M lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran (12.0 mL, 12.0 mmol) over minutes. The reaction is allowed to stir at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The reaction is cooled to 0°C, and water (0.5 mL), 4 N aq. NaOH mL), and water (1.5 mL) are added sequentially. The reaction is filtered through a pad of Celite and the filtrate is evaporated in vacuo.
The residue is chromatographed to afford the title compound.
Step C: 1-(5-(Pyrid-2'-yl)-thien-2-ylmethyl)-5-(4cvanobenzvl)imidazole trifluoroacetic acid salt To a solution of 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-2-hydroxymethyl thiophene (272 mg, 1.44 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (0.260 mL, 1.49 mmol) in dichloromethane (6.0 mL) at -78 0 C is added trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.250 mL, 1.49 mmol) and the mixture is stirred at -78 0 C for 1 hour. To this mixture is added a solution of 1-trityl-4-(4cyanobenzyl)imidazole (613 mg 1.44 mmol) in dichloromethane mL). The mixture is allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred for 2 hours. The solvent is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is dissolved in methanol (15 mL), heated at reflux for 1 hour, and the solvent is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is partitioned between CH2C12 and sat. aq. NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer is dried, (Na2SO4) and the solvent is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is purified by preparative HPLC, (gradient elution, 95 :5 to 5:95% water:acetonitrile containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) to afford the title compound as a trifluoroacetic acid salt.
EXAMPLE 2 1-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-5-[4-(pyrid-2-yl)thiazol-2-ylmethyl]imidazole hvdrobromide salt WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -86- Step A: 1H-Imidazole-4-acetic acid methyl ester hydrochloride A solution of 1H-imidazole-4-acetic acid hydrochloride (4.00 g, 24.6 mmol) in methanol (100 mL) was saturated with gaseous hydrogen chloride. The resulting solution was allowed to stand at room temperature for 18 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (CDC13, 400MHz) 5 8.85(1H, 7.45(IH, 3.89(2H, s) and 3.75(3H, s) ppm.
Step B: 1-(Triphenylmethyl)-lH-imidazol-4-ylacetic acid methyl ester To a solution of the product from Step A (24.85g, 0.141 mol) in DMF (115 mL) was added triethylamine (57.2 mL, 0.412 mol) and triphenylmethyl bromide (55.3g, 0.171 mol) and the suspension was stirred for 24 hours. After this time, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and water. The organic phase was washed with sat. aq.
NaHCO3, dried, (Na2SO4) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography (Silica gel, 0-100% EtOAc in hexanes) to provide the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (CDC13, 400MHz) 6 7.35(1H, 7.31(9H, 7.22(6H, m), 6.76(1H, 3.68(3H, s) and 3.60(2H, s) ppm.
Step C: [1-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-1H-imidazol-5 -yl] acetic acid methyl ester To a solution of the product from Step B (8.00g, 20.9 mmol) in acetonitrile (70 mL) was added 4-cyanobenzyl bromide (4.10g, 20.92 mmol) and heated at 55C for 3 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and the resulting imidazolium salt was collected by filtration. The filtrate was heated at 55 0 C for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and evaporated in vacuo. To the residue was added EtOAc (70 mL) and the resulting precipitate collected by filtration. The precipitated imidazolium salts were combined, suspended in methanol (100 mL) and heated to reflux for 30 minutes. After this time, the solvent was WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 87removed in vacuo. The resulting residue was suspended in EtOAc mL) and the solid isolated by filtration and washed with EtOAc. The solid was treated with sat. aq. NaHCO3 solution (300 mL) and CH2C12 (300 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The organic layer was separated, dried, (MgSO4) and evaporated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a white solid 1 HNMR (CDCl3,400MHz) 8 7.65(1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.53(1H, 7.15(1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.04(1H, 5.24(2H, 3.62(3H, s) and 3.45(2H, s) ppm.
Step D: 4 -[5-(Aminocarbonylmethyl)imidazol- 1 vlmethyllbenzonitrile To a 100 mL glass pressure vessel with a stirring bar was added 1-(4-cyanobenzyl)- 1H-imidazol-5-yl]acetic acid methyl ester (6.00g, 23.5 mmol) and absolute ethanol (50 mL). This well stirred solution was cooled to -78 0 C and 50 mL of anhydrous ammonia was condensed in. The vessel was sealed and the mixture warmed to ambient temperature. This solution was stirred 24 hours at ambient temperature. The excess ammonia was allowed to evaporate and the ethanol was removed in vacuo. The solid residue was triturated with EtOAc and collected on a frit. This material was dried in vacuo to give the title compound as a white solid.
1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400MHz) 8 3.25(s, 2H), 5.32(s, 2H), 6.88(s, 1H), 6.96(s,1H), 7.24(d, j=8Hz,2H), 7.42(s,lH), 7.68(s,lH), 7.83(d, j=8Hz, 2H).
Step E: 1 4 -Cyanobenzyl)-5-aminothiocarbonylmethyl-l
H-
imidazole To a 50 mL round bottomed flask with a stirring bar, reflux condenser and an argon inlet was added (aminocarbonylmethyl)imidazol-l-ylmethyl]benzonitrile (0.36g, 1.49 mmol), Lawesson's reagent (0.73g, 1.8 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane mL). This well stirred mixture was heated at 80°C for 24 hours. The cooled reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 88 chromatographed (silica gel, 10% 2-propanol in ammonia saturated CHC13). The title compound was obtained as a yellow, crystalline solid.
IH NMR (DMSO-d6, 400MHz) 8 3.66(s, 2H), 5.41(s, 2H), 6.85(s, 1H), 7.24(d, j=8Hz,2H), 7.70(s,lH), 7.82(d, j=8Hz, 2H), 9.21(s, 1H), 9.56(s, 1H).
Step F: 2-Bromoacetylpyridine.
To a 500 mL round bottomed flask with a stirring bar and an argon inlet is added CHCI3 (200 mL), THF (100 mL), 2-acetyl pyridine (8.57 mL, 76.46 mmol), and pyridinium bromide perbromide (26.85g, 84.11 mmol). This solution is stirred at ambient temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture is washed with aqueous HC1, brine and dried (MgSO4). The solvent is evaporated in vacuo to afford the title compound which was used immediately in the next step.
Step G: 1-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-5-[(4-pyrid-2'-yl)-thiazol-2-ylmethyl imidazole To a 25 mL round bottomed flask with a stirring bar reflux condenser and an argon inlet is added 1-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-lH-imidazol- 5-yl]aminothiocarbonylmethyl (0.12g, 0.468 mmol), dry THF (10 mL), and 2-bromoacetylpyridine (0.098g, 0.491 mmol). This mixture is heated at 50 0 C for 7 hours. The cooled reaction mixture is diluted with EtOAc and washed sucessively with aq. NaHCO3 water, and brine.
The organic extract is dried, (MgSO4) and the solvent is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is purified by chromatography to afford the title compound.
EXAMPLE 3 In vitro inhibition of ras famesvl transferase Assays of farnesyl-protein transferase. Partially purified bovine FPTase and Ras peptides (Ras-CVLS, Ras-CVIM and Ras-CAIL) were prepared as described by Schaber et al., J. Biol. Chem. 265:14701- 14704 (1990), Pompliano, et al., Biochemistry 31:3800 (1992) and Gibbs et al., PNAS U.S.A. 86:6630-6634 (1989), respectively. Bovine WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -89- FPTase was assayed in a volume of 100 tl containing 100 mM N-(2hydroxy ethyl) piperazine-N'-(2-ethane sulfonic acid) (HEPES), pH 7.4, 5 mM MgC12, 5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 100 mM 3 H]-famesyl diphosphate 3 H]-FPP; 740 CBq/mmol, New England Nuclear), 650 nM Ras-CVLS and 10 jgg/ml FPTase at 31 C for 60 min. Reactions were initiated with FPTase and stopped with 1 ml of 1.0 M HCL in ethanol.
Precipitates were collected onto filter-mats using a TomTec Mach II cell harvestor, washed with 100% ethanol, dried and counted in an LKB 3-plate counter. The assay was linear with respect to both substrates, FPTase levels and time; less than 10% of the 3 H]-FPP was utilized during the reaction period. Purified compounds were dissolved in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and were diluted 20-fold into the assay. Percentage inhibition is measured by the amount of incorporation of radioactivity in the presence of the test compound when compared to the amount of incorporation in the absence of the test compound.
Human FPTase was prepared as described by Omer et al.
Biochemistry 32:5167-5176 (1993). Human FPTase activity was assayed as described above with the exception that 0.1% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 20,000, 10 JIM ZnCl2 and 100 nM Ras-CVIM were added to the reaction mixture. Reactions were performed for 30 min., stopped with 100 jil of 30% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in ethanol and processed as described above for the bovine enzyme.
The compounds of the instant invention are tested for inhibitory activity against human FPTase by the assay described above.
EXAMPLE 4 In vivo ras faresylation assay The cell line used in this assay is a v-ras line derived from either Ratl or NIH3T3 cells, which expressed viral Ha-ras p21.
The assay is performed essentially as described in DeClue, J.E. et al., Cancer Research 51:712-717, (1991). Cells in 10 cm dishes at 50-75% confluency are treated with the test compound (final concentration of WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 solvent, methanol or dimethyl sulfoxide, is After 4 hours at 37°C, the cells are labelled in 3 ml methionine-free DMEM supplemeted with 10% regular DMEM, 2% fetal bovine serum and 400 mCi[ 35 S]methionine (1000 Ci/mmol). After an additional 20 hours, the cells are lysed in 1 ml lysis buffer NP40/20 mM HEPES, pH 7.5/5 mM MgCl2/1mM DTT/10 mg/ml aprotinen/2 mg/ml leupeptin/2 mg/ml mM PMSF) and the lysates cleared by centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 45 min. Aliquots of lysates containing equal numbers of acid-precipitable counts are bought to 1 ml with IP buffer (lysis buffer lacking DTT) and immunoprecipitated with the ras-specific monoclonal antibody Y13-259 (Furth, M.E. et al., J. Virol. 43:294-304, (1982)). Following a 2 hour antibody incubation at 4°C, 200 ml of a suspension of protein A-Sepharose coated with rabbit anti rat IgG is added for 45 min. The immunoprecipitates are washed four times with IP buffer (20 nM HEPES, pH 7.5/1 mM EDTA/1% Triton X- 100.0.5% deoxycholate/0.1%/SDS/0.1 M NaCI) boiled in SDS-PAGE sample buffer and loaded on 13% acrylamide gels. When the dye front reached the bottom, the gel is fixed, soaked in Enlightening, dried and autoradiographed. The intensities of the bands corresponding to farnesylated and nonfaresylated ras proteins are compared to determine the percent inhibition of farnesyl transfer to protein.
EXAMPLE In vivo growth inhibition assay To determine the biological consequences of FPTase inhibition, the effect of the compounds of the instant invention on the anchorage-independent growth of Ratl cells transformed with either a v-ras, v-raf, or v-mos oncogene is tested. Cells transformed by v-Raf and v-Mos maybe included in the analysis to evaluate the specificity of instant compounds for Ras-induced cell transformation.
Rat 1 cells transformed with either v-ras, v-raf, or v-mos are seeded at a density of 1 x 104 cells per plate (35 mm in diameter) in a 0.3% top agarose layer in medium A (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -91 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum) over a bottom agarose layer Both layers contain 0.1% methanol or an appropriate concentration of the instant compound (dissolved in methanol at 1000 times the final concentration used in the assay). The cells are fed twice weekly with 0.5 ml of medium A containing 0.1 methanol or the concentration of the instant compound. Photomicrographs are taken 16 days after the cultures are seeded and comparisons are made.

Claims (4)

1. A compound which inhibits farnesyl-protein transferase of the formula A: f f R 3 fQ f (R 8 )r Ma 9 4 R V- A (CR12)nA (CR'2 n W (CR2)p- X -(CR2 2 p R A wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 RI and R 2 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 100-, R 1 1 R IOC(0)NR 1 0-, (R 10 R102N-C(NR10)-, R IC(O)O-, CN, N02, RIOC()-, N3, -N(R10)2, or R 1 1 c) unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 0-, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 R 3 R 4 an a) b) 93 R 1 'S R IOC(O)N7R10-, (R 1 O)2NC(O)-, R I 2N- C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, and RI 1 0C(0)- NRIO-; Ld R 5 are independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120., R I IS(0)m-, R IOC(O)NR 10-, R I IC(0)0-, (R 1 0 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R I IOC(0)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R1 2 0-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 1 02NC(0)-, R 10 2N- C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(O)- independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, RI IS(0)m-, RIOC(0)NRIO-, RI IC(O)0-, (R] 0 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R' 0 )2, or R I I0C(O)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R1 2 0-, each R 6 is a) b) WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 94 R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 R 1O2N- C(NR 1 CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R I IOC(O)- NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 7 is selected from: H; C1-4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) C1-4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e) "YR 0 f) -S0 2 R 11 g) N(R 10)2 or 11) Cl..4 perfluoroalkyl; R 8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R 1 0 R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R'%02NC(O)-, R'1 0 2N-C(NRl10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I IOC(O)NR 1 and WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 95 c) C1I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, cyanophenyl, heterocycle, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, peffluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, RIO00., RI Ri 0 C(0)NH-, (RI 0 R 10 2NC(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R' 0 )2, or R I 0C(0)NH-; provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R I R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR (R 1 0 R 1 0 2N-C(NR 1 CN, N02, R 1 I 0 N3, -N(R 10 or R I I0C(0)NR 1 and c) ClI-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by perfiuoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R 1 0 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR (R 10 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, 102,or R' IIOC(0)NR10--5 R 9 is R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2
2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, C I -C6 aralkyl, C1I-C6 substituted aralkyl, ClI-C6 heteroaraikyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A I and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NRIO-, -NRIOC(0)-, 0, -N(RIO)-, -N(R I or S(O)m; WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -96- V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle, c) aryl, d) CI-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, provided that V is not hydrogen if A is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if A is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to RS and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, O, -C(O)NR 7 -NR 7 -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 -S(0)2N(R 10 or provided that if a is N, then X is not 0, -C(O)NR 7 -C(O)NR 7 -S(0)2N(R 10 or -NR 7 m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; qis 0, 1, 2 or 3; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and tis 0 or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The compound according to Claim 1 of the formula A: WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -97- f R 3 Q "f (R 8 )r R b f/ R 4 V A(CR'2A2(CR1 2 n W (CR 2 2 -X-(CR 2 R A wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 R is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R100, -N(R 10)2, F or C -C6 alkyl; R 2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R10)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0- and -N(R10)2; R 3 R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 98 b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 peffluoroalkyl, R 12 RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, (R 1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2NC(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, 102,or R I I0C(O)NR c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl; d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 2NC(NR'10)-, CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120., R I R 1 I C(0)NR 10>, (RI 0 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R' 0 )2, or R I I0C(0)NR unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl; substituted C 1 -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CI -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-Cio cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 20>, R I R 1 I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 R 1 02N-C(NRl10)-, CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(0)-NR 1 or WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -99- any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 7 is selected from: H; C1-4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) CI-4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e) R" l 0 f) -S0 2 R 11 g) N(R10)2 or h) C1-4 perfluoroalkyl; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, Cl-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 00-, R 10 C(O)NR10-, CN, N02, (R 10)2N-C(NR R 10C(0)-, -N(R10)2, or R 1 OC(O)NR 10-, and c) C 1-C6 alkyl substituted by C -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 100-, R 1 OC(O)NR 10, (R1 0 )2N-C(NR10)-, R 0C(O)-, -N(R10)2, or R 1 provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9 is selected from: WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 100 a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R I R I R IOC(O)NRI10-, (R 1 0 )2NC(O)-, CN, N02, (R I 0 )2N-C(NR10)-, R IOC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 and C) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by C I -C6 perfinoroalkyl, F, CI, R 1 0 R I 1 S(O)m R IOC(O)NR (R 1 0 CN, (Ri J 2N-C(NR R 1 I 102,or R R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 2 -trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, ClI-C6 alkyl, ClI-C6 aralkyl, C I -C6 substituted aralkyl, C I -C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C I -C6 perfluoroaikyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -CX-C-, -C(O)NRIO-, 0, or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C I -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 101 provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R8 and to A is through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, triazolyl or isoquinolinyl; X is a bond, 0, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 -NR 7 -S(0)2N(R10)-, -N(RIO)S(0)2- or provided that if a is N, then X is not 0, -C(O)NR 7 or -NR7-; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; qis 0, 1,2 or 3; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and t is 0 or l; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
3. The compound according to Claim 1 of the formula B: (R 8 r R 9a R3 Q V A(CR1 2 )nA2(CR1 2 N a 4 R 9 b /ae B (CR 2 2 -X Bwherein wherein: a is N or C; WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358
102- from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 R1 is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(RI0)2, F or Cl-C6 alkyl; R 2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R10)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0- and -N(R10)2; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 20-, RI R OC(0)NR 10, (R R 1 0 2N-C(NRlO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R 1 1 0C(0)NR 0_, c) unsubstituted Ci-C6 alkyl, d) substituted Cl-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted Cl-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCT/US97/05358 -103 R 1 20., R 11 RIOC(O)NR IO0, (RI R 1 0 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, and R1 1 'OC(O)-NR each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C.1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, Cl -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R' IIS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 102NC(0)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I I C(0)NR c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R I 0 R 102N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, N(R 10)2, and RI I OC(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=C--, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 ~alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 10 R IOC(0)NR 1 CN, N02, (R 10 )2N-C(NR R I -N(R 1 0)2, or R I OC(O)NR 1 and WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -104- c) Ci -C6 alkyl substituted by Ci -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 00-, RIOC(0)NR 1 0 (R 10)2N-C(NR10)-, RIO 0 -N(R10)2, or R 1 1 0C(0)NR10-; provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C -C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; RIO is independently selected from hydrogen, C -C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; RI1 is independently selected from CI-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, CI-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, CI-C6 heteroaralkyl, CI -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, Ci-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; Al and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NRO10-, O, or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C I -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and 105 provided that V is not hydrogen if A' is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if A' is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to A' is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 7 -NR 7 -NR 7 O or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 or O; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 4. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula C: (R 8 )r N R 9 a R 3 f /Y bQf/ V-A (CR 2 )nA (CR 2)n N a a R4 R 9 (CR22)p-X C wherein: a is N or C; *o from 0-4 ofb, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 S* [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:tab WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 106 RI is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, R 1 0 -N(R 10 F or ClI-C6 alkyl; R 2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, R 1 0 -N(R 1 0)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the 0 substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3 -C cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0- and -N(R 10 )2; R 3 and R 4 a) b) are independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, ClI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 R I R 1 I C(0)NR 1 CN(R' 1 2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R I 02NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3. -N(R 10 and R I IOC(0)-NR 1 0-; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 -107- alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfinoroalkyl, R 120-., R I S R 1 I C(0)NR 1 CN(R 1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(0)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted. C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C1I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted. or substituted aryl, unsubstituted. or substituted heterocyclic, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 10 R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R'1 0 and R I I0C(O)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH--CH=CH-, -CH=CI--CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted. or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 0 R I C(0)NR 10-, CN, N02, (R 10 )2N-C(NR R I -N(Rl 0)2, or R I OC(0)NR 10-, and c) C1I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 0-, R I OC(0)NR 1 (R I %2N-C(NRl 10>, R 1 I -N(R 10 or R I I0C(0)NR provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; 108 R 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R" is independently selected from CI-C 6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, C,-C 6 aralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted aralkyl, CI-C 6 heteroaralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, CI 1 -C 6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A' and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR'O 0, -N(R' 0 or S(0)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, is d) CI-C 2 0 alkyl wherein from to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if A' is S(0)m and V is not hydrogen if A' is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(0)m; 20 provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to A' is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 O or provided that ifa is N, then X is not -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 or O; [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:tab WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -109 m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond, -NR 10- or 0; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound according to Claim 3 of the formula D: f f 9a 4f 0,4 A'(CR2)n--N R (CR2)p X R 9 b R8 D wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 R1 is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl or Cl-C6 alkyl; R 2 is independently selected from: WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTfUS97/05358 110 a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, R 1 0 -N(R 10)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, C) C I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R 10)2; R 3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 0-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 10 R 10 2N- C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(0)NR c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 120-, R I R' I C(0)NR 1 0, (RI 0 )2NC(O)-, R I 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I I0C(0)-NR R 4 is selected from H, halogen, C I-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, ~R 1 20, RI 1 I R 1 I C(0)NR 1 (R I 0 R 0 2N-C(NR CN. N02, R I N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I IOC(0)NR M M M I WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 III c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted Cl.-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CI -C6 aikyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R' I C(0)NR 1 0, (R I 0 R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I I C(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH-=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, ClI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 R 1 I C(0)NR 1 CN, N02, (R 1 %)2N-C(NR R IOC(0)-, -N(R 1 0 or R I I C(0)NR 1 and c) C I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 0-, R 1 I C(0)NR 1 (R 1 0 )2N-C(NR R 1 I -N(R'1O)2, or R I IOC(0)NR provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 ,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryi; R 1 is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; 112 R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 aralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted aralkyl, C 1 -C 6 heteroaralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, CI-C 6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A' is selected from: a bond, 0, -N(R 10 or X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 -NR 7 0 or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 or 0; n is 0 or 1; provided that n is not 0 if A' is a bond, 0, -N(R 1 0 or S(0)n 1 m is 0, 1or 2;and p is 0, 1,2, 3or 4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 6. The compound according to claim 4 of the formula E: R 3 f ff R 9 aRQ f I d Al(CR 1O) Na-eR W9b (C R2 2 X/ 8E wherein: a is NorC; [RALIBAA07714.dCAab WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 113 from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 R is independently selected from: hydrogen, R100-, -N(R10)2, F, C3-C10 cycloalkyl or Cl-C6 alkyl; R 2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R10)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) Cl-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 1 0 or -N(R 10)2; R 3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 20-, R 1 1 R10C(O)NR10-, (R 0)2NC(0)-, R 10 2N-C(NR10)-, CN, NO2, R 10 N3, -N(R10)2, or R 1 1 0C(0)NR 10 c) unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 R 1 lS(O)m-, R 10 C(O)NR10-, (R 10 R 1 0 2N-C(NRlO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R10)2, and R11OC(0)-NR10-; WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTfUS97/05358 114 R 4 is selected from H, halogen, C I-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 R' IIS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 )2NC(O)-, R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I IOC(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted ClI -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CJ 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 R I IS(O)m-, R IOC(O)NR 10-, (R I 02NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(O)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CFI=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, CI -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, Ci -C6 perfluoroalkyl, Cl, R 10 R IOC(O)NR 10-, CN, N02, (R I 0 )2N- C(NR R I -N(R 10 or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, and 115 C) CI-C 6 alkyl substituted by C 1 -C 6 periluoroalkyl, R1 0 R 1 0 C(O)NR 1 0 (R' 0 2 N- C(NR 10 R 10 -N(R' 0 2 or R 1 OC(O)NR'o-; provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9 and R 9 b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF 3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R" is independently selected from C I-C 6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, CI-C 6 aralkyl, C 1 -C 6 substituted aralkyl, C 1 -C 6 heteroaralkyl, C 1 -C 6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C 1 -C 6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 7 -NIR 7 -NR 7 0 or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 or 0; n is 0Oor 1; M is 0,l1or 2;and p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if Xis a bond or 0; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 7. The compound according to claim 5 of the formula F: [R-\LIBAA]07714.do:tab WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 -116- R. -9a f R 3 f CR'2 R9 d (CR2 2 )p X NC F wherein: a is N or C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NH, O and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that if a is C, then at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH, O or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 R1 is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl or Cl-C6 alkyl; R 2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R 10 )2 or F c) Cl-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 or -N(R 1 0 )2; R 3 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 117 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-., R I S R 1 I C(0)NR 1 (R 1 R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I IOC(0)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R' IIS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R I 02NC(0)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(0)-NR R 4 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfinoroalkyl, R 1 20-, R I R' I 0 C(0)NR 10., (R 1 0 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R I I0C(0)NR unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 10 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to formn a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH 2 -(CH 2 4 and -(CH 2 3 provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9 and R are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF 3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C 6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 1 is independently selected from C I-C 6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, CI-C 6 aralkyl, C 1 -C 6 substituted aralkyl, CI-C 6 heteroaralkyl, CI-C 6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C 1 -C 6 perfluoroalcyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -c(o)NR 7 -NR 7 -NR 7 0 or provided that if a is N, then X is not -C(O)NR 7 -NRJ- or 0; M is 0,l1or 2;and p is 0,1, 2, 3or 4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 8. The compound according to claim 6 of the formula G: 00 [R:\LIBAAJ07714.doc:tab 119 3 f R 9 a bC f R 9 b Nz d l~eR 4 NC A'(CR'2 R G wherein: a is C; from 0-4 of b, c, d and e are independently N, NHl, 0 and S, and the remaining b, c, d and e atoms are independently CH, provided that at least one of b, c, d or e is independently N, NH,0or S; from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining Ps are independently CR6; R1 is independently selected from: hydrogen, R 10 -N(R 1 0 2 F, C 3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl or -C alkyl; R2 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle or C 3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl; C) CI-C 6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C 3 -CIO cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, R 10 or NR02 R 3 i selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C 3 -CIO cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 [RALjBAA)07714.doc:tab WO 97/36897 WO 9736897PCTIUS97/05358 120 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, (R 1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 aikyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R 1 I C(0)NR 1 (R 10b2NC(0)-, RiO02N-C(NR10)~, CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R I IOC(O)-NR R 4 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, ClI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 20, R I S (O)m R 1 I C(0)NR (R 1 0%2NC(0)-, CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R' 0 )2, or R I I0C(0)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, and R 11 OC(0)-NR 1 0; or WO 97/36897 PCT/US97/05358 121 any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 6 to Q is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 I i s independently selected from CI-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, CI-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C6 heteroaralkyl, C -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; Al is selected from: a bond, O, or S(O)m; m is 0, 1 or 2; and n is 0 or 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 9. A compound which inhibits famesyl-protein transferase which is: 1-(5-(Pyrid-2'-yl)-thien-2-ylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole 122 NC S N N-J X 0 or 1-(4-cyanobenzyl)-5-[4-(pyrid-2-yl)thiazol-2-ylmethyl]imidazole NC QN or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or optical isomer thereof. 10. A compound selected from the title compounds of the examples. 11. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical carrier, and dispersed therein, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 12. A pharmaceutical composition made by combining the compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 13. A process for making a pharmaceutical composition comprising combining a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 14. A method for inhibiting famesyl-protein transferase, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of 15 claims 1 to 10 or of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase. 16. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting faresyl-protein transferase. 20 17. A method for treating cancer, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 or of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. 18. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in treating cancer. 19. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer. [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:tab 123 A method for treating neurofibromin benign proliferative disorder, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 or of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. 21. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in treating neurofibromin benign proliferative disorder. 22. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating neurofibromin benign proliferative disorder. 23. A method for treating blindness related to retinal vascularisation, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 or of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. 24. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in treating blindness related to retinal vascularisation. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating blindness related to retinal vascularisation. 26. A method for treating infections from hepatitis delta and related viruses, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 or of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. 27. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in treating infections from hepatitis delta and related 20 viruses. 28. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating infections from hepatitis delta and related viruses. i 29. A method for preventing restenosis, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 or 25 of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. 30. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according o• .to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in preventing restenosis. 31. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the i manufacture of a medicament for preventing restenosis. 30 32. A method for treating polycystic kidney disease, which method comprises administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 10 or of a composition of claim 11 or claim 12. 33. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a composition according to claim 11 or claim 12 when used in treating polycystic kidney disease. [R:\LIBAA]07714.doc:t ab 124 34. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating polycystic kidney disease. Dated 12 November, 1999 Merck Co., Inc. Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON FERGUSON C C. S C S. S S S S S S S 55 .5 *5 S .5 C S 55w* 55 S S. *S.SS. S 5555qS S S. S 5 5 5 5 S [R:\L1BAA]07714.doc:tab
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