AU687436B2 - Inhibitors of TNF-alpha secretion - Google Patents

Description

OPI DATE 21/03/95 AOJP DATE 04/05/95 APPLN. ID 75694/94 PCT NUMBER PCT/US94/09343 AU9475694 (51) Internationa aten Ca5f o1~ 6: (11) International Publication Numrber: WO 95/060131 ,7 '237/44AOlN Al 37IlAI 8 ts i (43) International Publication [Date: 2 March 1995 (02.03.95) (21) International Application Number: PCTIUS94/09343 (81) Designted States: AM, AT, AU, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, Cl-I CN, CZ, DE, DK, ES, Fl, GB, GE, HU, JP, KE, KG, KP, (22) International Filing Date: 19 August 1994 (19.08.94) KR, K, LK, LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MN, MW, NL, NO, N7, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SI, SKC, TJ, TT, UA, UZ, VN, European patent (AT, BE, CKI DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, Priority Data: GR, JE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE), QAPI patent (BF, BJ, 08/110,601 23 August 1993 (23.08,93) us CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), 08/183,019 18 January 1994 (18,0 1.94) us ARIPO patent (KE, MW SD).

(71) Applicant: IMMUNEX CORPORATION (US/US]; 51 Univer- Published sity Street, Seattle, WA 98101 With internationwi search report.

(72) Inventors: BLACK, Roy, 8062 30th Avenue Seattle, WA 98115 FfNER, Jeffrey, 18534 Burke Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98133 SLEATH, Paul, 836 West Armour Street, Seattle, WA 98119 (US).

(74) Agent- MALASKA, Stephen, hnrnunex Corporation, 51 University Street, Seattle, WA 98101 (US).

68743 (54) Title: INHIITORS OF TNF-ALPHA SECRETION (57) Abstract Compounds and methods are disclosed that are useful in inhibiting the TNF-a converting enzyme (TACE) responsible for cleavage of TNF-a. precursor to provide biologically active TNF-ca. The compounds employed in the invention are peptidyl derivatives having active groups capable of inhibiting TACE such as hydroxaniates, thiols, phosphoryls and carboxyls.

WO 95/06031 PCT/US94/09343

TITLE

"Inhibitors of TNF-alpha Secretion" This applicatio aisn ontin-part of application serial no. 08/110,601, filed FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention pertains to compounds which are inhibitors of metalloproteases and, in particular, to compounds which inhibit the TNF-a converting enzyme.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a, also known as cachectin) is a mammalian protein capable of inducing a variety of effects on numerous cell types. TNF-a was initially characterized by its ability to cause lysis of tumor cells and is produced by activated cells such as mononuclear phagocytes, T-cells, B-cells, mast cells and NK cells. In mononuclear phagocytes, TNF-a is initially synthesized as a membrane-bound protein of approximately 26 kD. A 17 kD fragment of the 26 kD membrane-bound TNF-a is "secreted" and combines with two other secreted TNF-c molecules to form a circulating 51 kD homotrimer.

TNF-a is a principal mediator of the host response to gram-negative bacteria.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, also called endotoxin), derived from the cell wall of gramnegative bacteria, is a potent stimulator of TNF-a synthesis. Because the deleterious effects which can result from an over-production or an unregulated-production of TNF are extremely serious, considerable iTorts have been made to control or regulate the serum level of TNF. An important part in th, effort to effectively control serum TNF levels is the understanding of the mechanism of TNI biosynthesis.

The mechanism by which TNF-a is secreted has only been recently elucidated.

Kriegler et al. Cell, 53, 45-53, (1988) conjectured that TNF-o "secretion" is due to the cleaving of the 26 kD membrane-bound molecule by a proteolytic enzyme or protease.

Scuderi et. al., J. Immunology, 143, 168-173 (1989), suggested that the release of TNF-a from human leukocyte cells is dependent on one or more serine proteases, a leukocyte elastase or trypsin. A serine protease inhibitor, p-toluenesulfonyl-L-arginine methyl ester, was found to suppress human leukocyte TNF release in a concentration-dependent manner.

Scuderi et. al. suggested that the arginine methyl ester competes for the arginine-binding site WO 95/06031 PCT/US94/09343 in the enzyme's reactive center and thereby blocks hydrolysis. The lysine and phenylalanine analogs of the inhibitor reportedly failed to mimic the arginine methyl ester.

We have discovered that the protease which causes the cleavage of the TNF-a molecule into the 17 kD protein is, in fact, a metalloprotease which is believed to reside in the plasma membrane of cells producing TNF-a. The physicochemical characteristics of the enzyme have not been published.

Most, but not all, proteases recognize a specific amino acid sequence. Some proteases primarily recognize residues located N-terminal of the cleaved bond, some recognize residues located C-terminal of the cleaved bond, and some proteases recognize residues on both sides of the cleaved bond. Metalloprotease enzymes utilize a bound metal ion, generally Zn 2 to catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bond. Metalloproteases are implicated in joint destruction (the matrix metalloproteases), blood pressure regulation (angiotensin converting enzyme), and regulation of peptide-hormone levels (neutral endopeptidase-24.11).

Numerous inhibitors have been developed against the previously described metalloproteases. A general family of inhibitors against matrix-metalloproteases, and in particular collagenase, is reported in WO 92/09563. This document shows compounds having the general structure of a reverse hydroxamate or a hydroxyurea linked via an amide to an amino acid derivative, such as tryptophan or 2-naphthyl alanine. Inhibitors of collagenase are also reported in WO 88/06890; these compounds contain sulfhydryl moieties as well as phenylalanine and tryptophan analogs. Collagenase inhibitors are reported in WO 92/09556 and U.S. Patent No. 5,114,953 and possess hydroxamate moities and fused or conjugated bicycloaryl substituents. The myriad potential gelatinase inhibitors covered by the generic formula in EPA 489,577 are amino acid derivatives optionally possessing a hydroxamate group. Hydroxamate derivatives useful as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are reported in EPO 498,665.

Inhibition of the TNF-a converting enzyme (hereinafter referred to as "TACE"), a novel metalloprotease, inhibits release of TNF-a into the serum and other extracellular spaces. TACE inhibitors would therefore have clinical utility in treating conditions characterized by over-production or unregulated production of TNF-a. A particularly useful TACE inhibitor for certain pathological conditions would selectively inhibit TACE while not affecting TNF-B (also known as lymphotoxin) serum levels. The over-production or unregulated production of TNF-a has been implicated in certain conditions and diseases, for example: L L II I WO 95/06031 PCT/US94/09343 I. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, which includes: Sepsis syndrome gram positive sepsis gram negative sepsis culture negative sepsis fungal sepsis neutropenic fever urosepsis meningococcemia Trauma/hemorrhage Burns Ionizing radiation exposure Acute pancreatitis Adult respiratory distress syndrome.

II. Reperfusion Injury, which includes: Post pump syndrome Ischemia-reperfusion injury III. Cardiovascular Disease, which includes: Cardiac stun syndrome Myocardial infarction Congestive heart failure IV. Infectious Disease, which includes: HIV infection/ HIV neuropathy Meningitis Hepatitis Septic arthritis Peritonitis Pneumonia Epiglottitis E. coli 0157:H7 Hemolytic uremic syndrome/thrombolytic thrombocytopenic purpura Malaria Dengue hemorrhagic fever Leishmaniasis Leprosy LI I -I I WO 95106031 PCT/US94/09343 Toxic shock syndrome Streptococcal myositis Gas gangrene Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium avium intracellulare Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Pelvic inflammatory disease Orchitis/epidydimitis Legionella Lyme disease Influenza A Epstein-Barr Virus Viral-associated hemaphagocytic syndrome Viral encephalitis/aseptic meningitis V. Obstetrics/Gynecology, including: Premature labor Miscarriage Infertility VL. Inflammatory Disease/Autoimmunity, which includes: Rheumatoid arthritis/seronegative arthropathies Osteoarthritis Inflammatory bowel disease Systemic lupus erythematosis Iridocyclitis/uveitis/optic neuritis Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Systemic vasculitis/Wegener's granulomatosis Sarcoidosis Orchitis/vasectomy reversal procedures VII. Allergic/Atopic Diseases, which includes: Asthma Allergic rhinitis Eczema Allergic contact dermatitis Allergic conjunctivitis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

I

WO 95/06031 PCT/US94/09343 VIII. Malignancy, which includes:

ALL

AML

CML

CLL

Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

MM

Kaposi's sarcoma Colorectal carcinoma Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Malignant histiocytosis Paraneoplastic syndrome/hypercalcemia of malignancy IX. Transplants, including: Organ transplant rejection Graft-versus-host disease X. Cachexia XI. Congenital, which includes: Cystic fibrosis Familial hematophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis Sickle cell anemia XII. Dermatologic, which includes: Psoriasis Alopecia XIII. Neurologic, which includes: Multiple sclerosis Migraine headache XIV. Renal, which includes: Nephrotic syndrome Hemodialysis Uremia r 'WO 951060(i31 PCT/US94/09343 XV. Toxicity, which includes: OKT3 therapy Anti-CD3 therapy Cytokine therapy Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Chronic salicylate intoxication XVI. Metabolic/Idiopathic, which includes: Wilson's disease Hemachromatosis Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency Diabetes Hashimoto's thyroiditis Osteoporosis Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis evaluation Primary biliary cirrhosis Inhibitors of TACE would prevent the cleavage of cell-bound TNF-ao thereby reducing the level of TNF-a in serum and tissues. Such inhibitors would be of significant clinical utility and could be potential therapeutics for treating the above TNF-a-related disorders.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to compounds of formula I: 0 0 II II X-[CH]m-CH-C-N-CH-C-[A]n-N-B-NH2 I I H I H

R

1

R

2

R

3 wherein: X is hydroxamic acid, phosphoryl or carboxyl; m is 0, 1 or 2;

R

1

R

2 and R 3 each independent of the other is hydrogen, alkylene(cycloalkyl), 4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl, C1 to z Vb 6 is~ ~c I WO 95/06031 PCT/US94/09343 C8 alkylenearyl, aryl, a protected or unprotected side chain of a naturally occurring a-amino acid; or the group -R 6

R

7 wherein R 6 is substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl and R 7 is OR 4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 or halogen, wherein R 4 and R 5 are, each independent of the other, hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl; nis0, 1 or2; provided that when n is 1, A is a protected or an unprotected a-amino acid radical; when n is 2, A is the same or different protected or unprotected a-amino acid radical; and B is unsubstituted or substituted C2 to C alkylene; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

The compounds of formula I are useful as metalloprotease inhibitors, and particularly useful as inhibitors of the TNF-a converting enzyme (TACE).

The invention also relates to a method of treating a mammal having a disease characterized by an overproduction or an unregulated production of TNF-a. The method C.L-f-s efetv -ee epr~es-the steps of administering to the mammal a composition an effective amount of a biologically active compound of formula II: X-[CH]m-CH-C-N-CH-C-[A]n- :-Y I I HI H

R

1

R

2 R3 wherein: X is hydroxamic acid, thiol, phosphoryl or carboxyl; m is 0, 1 or 2;

R

1

R

2 and R 3 each independent of the other is hydrogen, alkylene(cycloalkyl),

OR

4

SR

4

N(R

4 halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl, C1 to C8 alkylenearyl, aryl, a protected or unprotected side chain of a naturally occurring a-amino acid; or the group -R 6

R

7 wherein R 6 is C1 to C8 alkyl and R 7 is OR 4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 or halogen, wherein R 4 and R 5 are each, independent of the other, hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl; n is 0, 1 or 2; Y is hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C8 alkyl, alkylene(cycloalkyl), the group -R 8

-COOR

9 or the group -R10N(Rl 1

)(R

12 wherein R 8 is C1 to C8 7 i .i II L WO 95106031 PCT/US94/09343 alkylene; R 9 is hydrogen or C1 to C8 alkyl; R 10 is unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C8 alkylene; and R 11 and R 12 are each, independent of the other, hydrogen or C1 to C8 alkyl; provided that when n is 1, A is a protected or an unprotected a-amino acid radical; and when n is 2, A is the same or different protected or unprotected a-amino acid radical; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein the compound is capable of reducing serum TNF-a levels by at least when administered at 25mg/kg in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis syndrome; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The discovery of useful inhibitors of the TACE metalloprotease has led to the discovery of further embodiments of the invention, including pharmaceutical compositions for treating the above-listed disorders comprising a compound according to formula II and protein having TNF-binding activity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention is directed to a compound of formula I: X-rCH]m-CH-C-N-CH-C-[A]n-N-B-NH2 I I HI H

R

1

R

2

R

3 wherein: X is hydroxamic acid, thiol, phosphoryl or carboxyl; m is 0, 1 or 2;

R

1

R

2 and R 3 each independent of the other is hydrogen, alkylene(cycloalkyl),

OR

4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 halogen, substituted or unsubstituted Cl to C8 alkyl, Cl to C8 alkylenearyl, aryl, a protected or unprotected side chain of a naturally occurring a-amino acid; or the group -R 6

R

7 wherein R 6 is substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl and R 7 is OR 4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 or halogen, wherein R 4 and R 5 are each, independent of the other, hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl; n is 1 or 2; provided that when n is 1, A is a protected or an unprotected a-amino acid radical; s II WO 95/06031 PCTIUS94/09343 provided that when n is 1, A is a protected or an unprotected a-amino acid radical; when n is 2, A is the same or different protected or unprotected a-amino acid radical; and B is unsubstituted or substituted C2 to C8 alkylene; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

The compounds of formula I are useful as inhibitors of TNF-a secretion, and particularly useful as inhibitors of the TNF-a converting enzyme (TACE).

The invention also relates to a method for treating a mammal having a condition or a disease characterized by overproduction or unregulated production of TNF-a, C p administering to the mammal a composition emp..Hgn n effective amount of a biologically active compound of formula II: 0 0 II II X-[CH]m-CH-C-N-CH-C-[A]n-N-Y (II) I I HI H

R

1

R

2

R

3 wherein: X is hydroxamic acid, phosphoryl or carboxyl; m is 0, 1 or 2;

R

1

R

2 and R 3 each independent of the other is hydrogen, alkylene(cycloalkyl),

OR

4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl, C1 to Cg alkylenearyl, aryl, a protected or unprotected side chain of a naturally occurring a-amino acid; or the group -R 6

R

7 wherein R 6 is C1 to Cg alkyl and R 7 is OR 4

SR

4

N(R

4

)(R

5 or halogen, wherein R 4 and R 5 are each, independent of the other, hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted Cl to C8 alkyl; n is 1 or 2; Y is hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1 to Cg alkyl, alkylene(cycloalkyl), the group -R 8

-COOR

9 or the group -R 10

N(R

1 1

)(R

12 wherein R 8 is C1 to C8 alkylene; R 9 is hydrogen or C1 to C8 alkyl; R 10 is unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C8 alkylene; and R 1 1 and R 12 are each, independent of the other, hydrogen or Cl to C8 alkyl; provided that when n is 1, A is a protected or an unprotected a-amino acid radical; and 9 y' LI--l I WO 95106031 PCT/US94/09343 when n is 2, A is the same or different protected or unprotected ca-amino acid radical; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein the compound is capable of reducing serum TNF levels by at least when administered at 25mg/kg in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis syndrome; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The invention includes pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound according to formula I as the active component. In addition, pharmaceutical compositions a compound according to formula II and a protein which binds TNF are described. An example of a protein which binds TNF is an anti-TNF antibody or a soluble TNF receptor which is described in EPA 0418014, assigned to the assignee of the instant application. The disclosure of EPA 0418014 is incorporated herein by reference.

The following definitions are used herein. "Alkyl" means a straight or branched, univalent, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups include the straight-chain groups methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, vinyl, allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl and octenyl as well as the branched isomers thereof.

"Substituted alkyl" means an alkyl group substituted with one or more of hydroxy, amino, halogen, or thiol.

"Alkylene" means a bivalent alkyl group as defined above.

"Substituted alkylene" means an alkylene group substituted with one or more of hydroxy, amino, halogen or thiol groups.

"Aryl" means an aromatic or heteroaromatic group, including for example, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, quinolyl, thienyl, furyl and the like, optionally substituted with one or more of C1 to C8 alkyl, hydroxy, amino, halogen, thiol or alkyl groups.

"Alkylene(cycloalkyl)" refers to groups of the structure -R 13

-R

14 wherein R 13 is an alkylene as defined above, and R 14 is a univalent cyclic alkane radical, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and the like.

"Alkylenearyl" means the group -R 1 5

-R

1 6 wherein R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group as defined above, and R 16 is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group as defined above.

WO 95/06031 PCTIUS94/09343 "a-Ar'nio acid" refers to any of the 22 common amino acids, alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cyste;ne, cystine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine.

"Protected amino acid" and "protected side chain of an a-amino acid" means the side chains of the amino acid are permanently or temporarily coupled to a chemical group which protects or prevents the side chain from undesired branching, structural modification or rearrangement which can occur during subsequent synthetic steps. Use of such protecting groups for these purposes is well known in the art, as are the protecting groups themselves.

Examples of common protecting groups are N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) and N-9fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc).

"Biologically active" as used in defining certain compounds of formula II, designates a compound capable of inhibiting secretion of TNF-a; preventing cleavage of membrane-bound TNF-a by TACE; or reducing serum TNF levels by at least 80% when administered at 25 mng/kg in a standard murine model of LPS-induced sepsis syndrome.

In the compounds of formulas I and II, preferred radicals for X are hydroxamic acid, thiol and phosphorl, -referrd radical droA.amic a_,eid-and thil, while the most preferred radical is hydroxamic acid. The preferred value for m is 1.

Preferred R 1 or R 2 radicals are hydrogen, C1 to C8 alkyl and Ci to C8 alkylenearyl. Where R 1 or R 2 is alkyl, preferred is C1 to C6 alkyl and most preferred is Ci to C4 alkyl. Where R 1 or R 2 is alkylenearyl, preferred alkylene groups are Cl to C6 alkylene, and more preferred is C1 to C4 alkylene; and preferred aryl groups are phenyl and substituted phenyl. The most preferred alkylenearyl group for R 1 or R 2 is C1 to C4 alkylenephenyl. The most preferred group for R 1 is hydrogen and the most preferred group for R 2 is isobutyl.

Preferred R 3 radicals are substituted and unsubstituted Cl to Cg alkyl and C1 to C8 alkylenearyl. Where R 3 is alkyl, preferred is C 1 to C6 alkyl and more preferred is C1 to C4 alkyl, with t-butyl being most preferred. Where R 3 is C1 to Cg alkylenearyl, preferred alkylene groups are C1 to C6 alkylene, and more preferred is C1 to C4 alkylene; and preferred aryl groups are phenyl, naphthyl, and thienyl, each optionally substituted with hydroxy, amino, halogen, thiol or alkyl groups. Preferred groups for R 3 are therefore C1 to C4 alkylenephenyl, C1 to C4 alkylenenaphthyl, and C1 to C4 alkylenethienyl. More

EMEEMW

WO 95/06031 IPCTI'S94/09343 preferred is C1 to C4 alkylenenaphthyl, with methylenenaphthyl 1,ing most pref.rred.

Where R 3 is a protected or unprotected side chain of a naturally oc Ag a-amino acid, R 3 preferably is an arginine, lysine, tryptophan or tyrosine side chain. However, the most preferred radicals for R 3 are t-buyl, methylene(cyclohexyl) and methylene-(2'naphthyl).

The radical A is preferably an unprotected naturally-occurring amino acid residue.

More preferred naturally-occurring residues are the alanyl radical or an unprotected seryl radical. The most preferred radical for A is an alanyl residue. Further preferred compounds are those where n is 0 er- 1, -hile most preferably n is 1.

Preferred radicals for B are C2 to C6 alkylene. More preferred radicals are C2 to C4 alkylene, with dimethylene being most preferred.

For compounds according to formula II, Y is preferably hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1 to C8 alkyl or the group -R 1

ON(R

1 1

)(R

12 Most preferred is the group 1 1

)(R

12 with R 10 preferably being unsubstituted or substituted CI to C6 alkylene, R 11 and R 12 preferably are each independently hydrogen or Cl to C6 alkyl. More preferred R 10 radicals are unsubstituted or substituted Cl to C4 alkylene, with dimethylene being most preferred. More preferred radicals for R 10 and R 11 are hydrogen or C1 to C4 alkyl, with hydrogen being most preferred.

Compounds according to the invention can be prepared utilizing the procedures outlined below, the appended reaction Schemes and the procedures detailed in the Examples below.

General Synthesis With reference to Scheme 1, the inhibitor compounds may be prepared by converting the carboxylic acid or ester compound wherein R is H or C1 to C8 alkyl, and P is CBZ, BOC, FMOC or other suitable protective group (Greene Wuts "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", 2nd Ed.; Wiley: New York, 1991; Chapter to the corresponding hydroxamic acid or hydroxamic ester compound In compound R' is H, TMS, t-Bu, Bzl or other group made by treating these compounds, or an activated form of the carboxylic acid, (Bodanszky, Bodanszky, "The Practice of Peptide Synthesis"; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1984; Chapter II) with a hydroxylamine reagent under conditions which effect the conversion. This is followed by the subsequent removal of the protective group P and R' to generate compound The abbreviations used above correspond to the following: Bzl=benzyl; BOC=t-butoxycarbonyl; tBu=t-butyl; ,,-CBZ=benzyloxycarbonyl; FMOC=9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl; TMS=trimethylsilyl.

S 12 7 WO 95/06031 P1(I)1US94109343 A hydroxylamine reagent described above can be hydroxylamine or alternatively, it can be an O-protected hydroxylamine such as commercially available O-trimethylsilyl hydroxylamine, O-tert-butylhydroxylamine, or 0-benzylhydroxylamine.

The preparation of precursor compound (lo) may be carried out by condensing the dicarboxylate compound with the amine wherein R" is an activating group (Bodanszky, et al., supra.) such as an active ester, anhydride or other group that causes condensation with the amine terminus of compound (In) to occur with formation of a peptide bond.

The preparation of compound (Ie) may be typically carried out as follows: the sodium salt of the 2-oxocarboxylate compound is esterified with benzyl bromide to produce the benzyl ester Several examples of compound (Ia) are commercially available as various salts or carboxylic acids. Others can be made synthetically (see, for example, Nimitz, J. et al., J. Org. Chem. 46:211, 1981; and Weinstock, L.et al., Synth.

Commun. 11:943, 1981). The benzyl ester compound (Ib) is treated with a Wittig reagent, typically methyl or tert-butyl triphenylphosphoranylidene acetate, to form the alkene as a mixture of E- and Z- isomers. Reduction of the alkene compound (Ic) is carried out with hydrogen, in the presence of an appropriate catalyst (typically palladium on activated charcoal), to both hydrogenate the double bond and to remove the benzyl ester, giving the mono-ester compound (Id) as a enantiomeric mixture. Compound (Ie) is obtained by treating the mono-ester compound (Id) using any of a variety of conventional carboxylate activation procedures.

The preparation of the amine compound (In) is achieved by condensing the compound (II) with the amine compound wherein P' is an amine protective group other than P, and R" is an activating group such as an active ester, anhydride or other group that causes condensation with the amine terminus of (Ik) to occur with formation of a peptide bond, to give compound Removal of P' is accomplished under appropriate conditions (Bodanszky, Bodanszky, "The Practice of Peptide Synthesis"; Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 1984; Chapter III) to produce compound either as corresponding amine or the amine salt.

Compound (II) is prepared from the commercially available N-protected carboxylic acid, or which can be synthesized by standard methods.

WO 95106031 I'PTUS94/09343 Preparation of (Ik) is carried out by condensing the compound (Ii) with monoprotected diamine (Ih) wherein P is an amine protective group such as CBZ, BOC, FMOC or other suitable protective group; and P' is an amine protective group other than P, and R" is an activating group such as an active ester, anhydride or other group that causes condensation with the unprotected amine terminus of compound (Ih) to occur with formation of a amide bond to give compound Removal of P' under appropriate conditions is accomplished to produce compound either as the corresponding amine or the amine salt.

Precursor compound (Ih) is prepared in two steps from the amine-nitrile (If).

Several examples of compound (If) are available commercially and others can be easily synthesized by classical methods. The amine-nitrile (If) is protected with an appropriate protective group reagent to produce the protected amine-nitrile In compound Ig, P is typically CBZ, BOC or FMOC groups, but can be any other suitable group. The protected amine-nitrile (Ig) undergoes reduction with a reagent such as borane-methyl sulfide complex or sodium borohydride/cobalt (II) chloride, to give the mono-protected diamine (Ih) which can be isolated as its amine salt.

Compound (Ii) is prepared from the carboxyl form of the corresponding P'-protected dipeptide or P'-protected amino acid by conventional methods, or can be purchased commercially.

The compounds of formula II may be administered orally, parenterally, via inhalation, transdermally, intra-nasally, intra-ocularlly, mucosally, rectally and topically.

Such administration may be in dosage unit formulations containing conventional adjuvants and carrier materials. The term "parenteral" as used herein includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intracistemal injection or infusion techniques.

The amount of active ingredient that may be combined with the carrier materials to produce a single dosage form will vary depending upon the host treated and the particular mode of administration. Such carrier materials are well known, and are described, for example, in European Patent Application No. 0 519 748, incorporated herein by reference.

It will be understood, however, that the specific dose level for any particular patient will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, time of administration, route of administration, rate of excretior, drug combination and the severity of the particular disease undergoing therapy.

14 I, I I I IWO 95/06031 I'C'I/US94/09343 The following examples are illustrative of the invention. Thin layer chromotagraphy was performed using silica gel 60 F254 plates. Reaction schemes for Examples 1 through 9 are appended and follow Example 14. As used heren, "Compound A" refers to the compound N-{D,L-2-(hydroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanoyl)L-3-(2'naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide described by Spatola et. al., Peptides: Chemistry and Biology, Proceedings of the 12th American Peptide Symposium, eds. Smith, Rivier, J.E., ESCOM, Leiden, Netherlands. Compound A was prepared using the following procedure, and a reaction scheme therefor is appended as reaction scheme A.

Preparation of Compound A Referring to reaction scheme A and scheme 2, a mixture of 2.0g (6.3 mmol) of N- BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanine and 0.80g (6.9 mmol) of N-hydroxysuccinimide, and 1.8g mmol) of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (10 ml) was stirred for 90 minutes at room temperature. To this was added 1.2g (9.5 mmol) of L-alanine amide hydrochloride, followed by 1.4 ml mmol) of triethylamine dissolved in 5 ml of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide. After stirring at room temperature for 14 hours, the solvent was removed in vacuo The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (200 ml) and washed with 1M HCI (3x50 ml), water (2x50 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (2x50 ml) and finally brine (50 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 2.1g yield) of N-BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide (Ai) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.16 (chloroform-isopropanol 19:1); NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 1.15 (m,3H), 1.24(s,9H), 3.05(m,2H), 4.23(m,2H), 7.02(s,lH), 7.07(s,2H), 7.35(s,H), 7.47(m,2H), 7.71(s,lH), 7.82(m,3H), 7.98(d,lH).

A suspension of 1.8g (4.7 mmol) of (Al) in dichloromethane (15 ml) was cooled with an ice bath. Trifluoroacetic acid (15 ml) was added and the homogeneous solution was stirred at ca. 5 oC for 5 minutes, then allowed to warm to room temperature. After 1 hour the dichloromethane and the trifluoroacetic acid were removed in vacuo The residue was dissolved in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (18 ml) containing 5.6 ml (33 mmol) of triethylamine. To this was added 1.2g (4.2 mmol) of (Id) in one portion. After stirring for 14 hours, the N,N-dimethylformamide was removed in vacuo to give a residue. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (250 ml) and washed with 1M HC1 (2x75 ml), water ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (2x75 ml) and finally brine (75 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated to produce 1.5g (89% yield) of N-{D,L-2-(methoxycarbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanoyl)-L-3- (2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide (A2) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.57 (chloroformisopropanol 9:1); MS: mle 455 I I RIIIL I~I I I WO 95/6031 PCT/lUS94/09343 Under an atmosphere of argon, a mixture of 0.62g (11 mmol) of KOH in 2.8ml of hot methanol was combined with a mixture of 0.61g (8.8 mmol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 2.8 ml of hot methanol. After cooling in an ice bath, the reaction was filtered into a flask containing 1.0g (2.2 mmol) of (A 2 and 1 ml of anhydrous N,Ndimethylformamide. After stirring for 18 hours, the solvent was removed in vacuo The solid was dissolved in hot ethyl acetate (250 ml) and washed with 16 ml of 10% potassium bisulfate solution. The organic phase was heated to its boiling point before drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Filtration and subsequent concentration of the filtrate in vacuo produced a solid, which was triturated with ether (50 ml) and collected by filtration to give 0.77g (77% yield) of N-{D,L-2-(hydroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanoyl)-L-3- (2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide as a white solid. The diastereomers of were separated and purified by reverse phase HPLC using a C18 column, eluting with water containing 0.1% trifluoracetic acid with a gradient of acetonitrile (0-60% in 30 minutes) and also containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, ("Method to give a purified early eluting diastereomer and a purified late eluting diastereomer, which had retention times of 21 and 23 minutes respectively. TLC: Rf 0.13 (chloroform-methanol 9:1) 1H NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 0.63(d,3H), 0.72(d,3H), 0.90(m,lH), 1.21(d,3H), 1.26(m,2H), 1.86(m,2H), 2.63(m,1H), 2.99(m,lH), 3.24(m,lH), 4.18(q,lH), 4.55 (m,lH), 7.05(s,1H), 7.28(s,1H), 7.48(m,3H), 7.72(s,1H), 7.83(m,3H), 7.91(d,lH), 8.27(d,1H); 13 C NMR (D20/CD3CN) 5 17.7, 21.8, 23.1, 26.0, 36.3, 37.4, 41.5, 42.2, 50.1, 55.5, 126.7, 127.1, 128.2, 128.5, 128.8, 129.0, 133.2, 134.2, 135.6, 170.4, 173.0, 177.4, 177.5.

MS: mle 456 EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of N- {D,L-2-(hydroxvaminocarbonvl)methyl-4-methylpentanovl I naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine, 2-aminoethyl amide (Compound 1) O H 0 H H HO-HN0 N. 4 N N NH, HOAN O O 0 30 0 II U I I I I I WO 95/060)31 PCT/US94/09343 With reference to reaction Scheme 2, a slurry of 25g (0.164 mol) of the sodium salt of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid, sodium salt in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (50 ml) containing 19.6 ml (0.164 mol) of benzyl bromide was agitated at room temperature for 4 days. The solvent was removed in vacuo The residue was dissolved in 250 ml of hexane and washed with water (3x50 ml) and brine (50 ml) After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 33.2g (92% yield) of benzyl 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate (la) as a viscous, colorless oil. TLC: Rf 0.70 (ethyl acetate-hexane 1 H NMR(CDCI3) 5 0.94(d, 6H), 2.18(m,lH), 2.71(d, 2H), 5.26(s, 2H), 7.37(m, 5H); 1 3 C NMR (CDC13) 5 22.5, 24.2, 48.1, 67.9, 128.7, 128.8, 128.9, 134.7, 161.3, 194.0.

A solution of 26.4g (0.120 mol) of benzyl ester (la) and 40.lg (0.120 mol) of methyl (triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetate in dichloromethane (410 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Removal of the dichloromethane in vacuo produced a solid which was triturated with several volumes of hexane (4x100 ml). The hexane volumes were collected by filtration, combined and concentrated in vacuo to produce an oil which was distilled at reduced pressure (bp.138-157 OC/0.8mm Hg) to obtain 27.8g (84% yield) of purified benzyl E,Z-2-isobutyl-3-(methoxycarbonyl)propenoate (Ib) as a yellow oil. TLC: Rf 0.53 and 0.67; E and Z isomers (ethyl acetate-hexane NMR(CDCl3) 6 0.91 6H, CH(CH3)2), 1.85(m,lH, CH(CH3)2), 2.23(Z) and 2.79(E) 2H, C=CCH2), 3.62(Z) and 3.74(E) 3H, CO2CH3), 5.23(E) and 5.27(Z) 2H, CO2CH2C6H5), 5.82(Z) and 6.82(E) 1H, CH=C), 7.35(m, 5H, A suspension of 4.0g of 10% palladium on activated carbon in a solution of 27.2g (0.098 mol) of (Ib) dissolved in 75 ml of methanol was agitated under 4 atmospheres of hydrogen for 24 hours. Removal of the catalyst by filtration and concentration of the filtrate in vacuo gave an oil which was distilled at reduced pressure (bp.115-121C/0.5mm Hg) to obtain 12.7g of D,L-2-isobutyl-3-(methoxycarbonyl)propionic acid (Ic) as a colorless oil. 1 H NMR(CDCl3) 6 0.94 6H), 1.36(m,lH), 1.63(m, 2H), 2.58(m, 2H), 2.95(m, 1H), 3.70(s, 3H), 10.8(bs,lH); 1 3 C NMR (CDC13) 6 22.1, 22.3, 25.6, 35.8, 39.2, 40.8, 51.7, 172.2, 181.3.

A solution of 12.3g (0.065 mol) of (Ic) and 7.5g (0.065 mol) of Nhydroxysuccinimide dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (100 ml) was cooled to ca. 5 °C with an ice bath. A solution of 13.5g (0.065 mol) of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) was added. The mixture was stirred at ca. oC for 1 hour, then allowed to stand overnight under refrigeration. After removal of the dicyclohexylurea by-product by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to produce a I I ii I II Il WO 95/06031 PC MUS9/)93,43 solid, which was recrystallized from ethyl acetate-hexane to give 14.5g (78% yield) of D,L- 2-isobutyl-3-(methoxycarbonyl)propionic acid, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester (Id) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.46 (chloroform-isopropanol 19:1); 1 H NMR(CDC13) 6 0.97(m, 6H), 1.61(m,2H), 1.80(m, 1H), 2.72(m, 2H), 2.84(s, 4H), 3.74(s, 3H); 1 3 C NMR (CDC13) 6 21.9, 22.5, 25.5, 36.2, 37.2, 41.0, 52.0, 168.8, 170.6, 171.0.

To a solution of 2 4 .9g (0.10 mol) of benzyl succinimidylcarbonate and 10.2g (0.llmol) of aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride dissolved in anhydrous N,Ndimethylformamide (100 ml) was added 15.4 ml (0.1 Imol) of triethylamine over a period of 30 minutes at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours.

Removal of the N,N-dimethylformamide in vacuo produced a residue which was dissolved in 350 ml of ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with water (350 ml), 2M HCI (3x50 ml) and brine (50 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 17.3g (91% yield) of N-CBZ-aminoacetonitrile (le) as an amber solid. TLC: Rf 0.65 (ethyl acetate-hexane 1 H NMR(CDCl3) 6 4.05(d, 2H), 5.13(s, 2H), 5.46(bt, 1H), 7.35(bs, 5H); 1 3 C NMR (CDC13) 8 29.5, 67.9, 116.2, 128.3, 128.5, 128.7, 135.5, 155.7.

Under an atmosphere of dry argon, 24.3g (0.128 mol) of N-CBZ-aminoacetonitrile (le) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (32 ml). The solution was stirred and 64 ml of borane-methylsulfide complex (2M in tetrahydrofuran) was added via syringe. The mixture was heated to reflux and stirred 3vernight. The mixture was cooled with an ice bath as 5 ml of water was added slowly, with vigorous stirring. The stirring was continued for ca. 5 minutes, then 75 ml of 6M HCI was slowly added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour, then the excess tetrahydrofuran and dimethyl sulfide was removed in vacuo The aqueous residue was extracted with ether (2x50 ml). The ether extracts were then discarded.

The pH of the aqueous residue was raised to 11 by adding concentrated NH40H. The resulting aqueous solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x100 ml) and the ethyl acetate extracts were combined and washed with brine (50 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting oil was dissolved in 30 ml of anhydrous methanol, treated with cold methanolic HCI and concentrated in vacuo to produce a solid. The solid was triturated ether and collected by filtration to give 15.1g (51% yield) of N-CBZ-ethylenediamine hydrochloride (If) as a white powder. 1 H NMR(D20) 6 3.15(m, 2H), 3.46(m, 2H), 5.14(s, 2H), 7.46(bs, 13 C NMR (D20) 8 41.1, 42.6, 70.4, 131.0, 131.3, 131.7, 132.0, 139.4, 161.7.

A solution of 10.0g (0.043 mol) of (If) and 10.3g (0.036 mol) of N-BOC-Lalanine, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (50 ml) was ~-~r~sll _I WO 95/06031 PCT/US94/09343 cooled with an ice bath. To this was added 7.6 ml (0.054 mol) of triethylamine in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (20 ml) over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred at ca. 5 OC for 1 hour, then at room temperature for 1 hour. The N,Ndimethylformamide was removed in vacuo and the resulting residue was dissolved in 300 ml of ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with 1M HCI (3x100 ml), water (100 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (3x100 ml) and finally, with brine (100 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 12.4g (94% yield) of N-BOC-L-alanine, 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl amide (Ig) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.67 (chlucoform-isopropanol 1H NMR(CDCl3) 5 1.27(d, 3H), 1.40(s, 9H), 3.32(m, 4H), 4.15(m, 1H), 5.06(s, 2H), 5.51(d, 1H), 5.90(m,lH), 7.19(m, 1H), 7.31(bs, 5H); 13 C NMR (CDC13) 5 18.5, 28.2, 39.6, 40.5, 50.1, 66.5, 79.8, 127.9, 128.3, 136.3, 155.4, 156.9, 173.7.

A solution of 12.0g (0.033 mol) of (ig) in 25 ml of dichloromethane was cooled with an ice bath and 25 ml of trifluoroacetic acid was added. The solution was stirred at ca oC for 20 minutes, then allowed to stir to room temperature. After 90 minutes, the dichloromethane and trifluoroacetic acid were removed in vacuo The resulting residue was dissolved in 200 ml of ethyl acetate and washed with 2M sodium hydroxide (200 ml) and brine (100 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to produce 7.86g (90% yield) of L-alanine, 2- (benzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl amide (1h) as a white solid. 1H NMR(CDC13) 6 1.28(d, 3H), 2.09(m, 2H), 3.33(m, 4H), 3.47(q, 1H), 5.07(s, 2H), 5.59(bt, 1H), 7.33(bs, 7.69(bt, 1H); 13 C NMR (CDC13) 5 21.3, 39.5, 40.9, 50.4, 66.6, 128.0, 128.1, 128.4, 136.4, 156.9, 176.7.

Under an atmosphere of dry argon, a solution of 8.'g (0.028 mol, of N-BOC-L-3- (2'-naphthyl)alanine and 3.2 ml (0.028 mol) of 4-methylmorpholine in anhydrous N,Ndimethylformamide (20 ml) was cooled to -15 °C and treated with 3.67 ml (0.028 mol) of isobutyl chloroformate. The mixture was stirred at -15 OC for 30 minutes, then a solution of 7.5g (0.028 mol) of (Ih) and 3.2 ml (0.028 mol) of 4-methylmorpholine in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (20 ml) was added slowly, over 10 minutes. The reaction was stirred at -15 OC for 2 hours, then at room temperature for 18 hours. The N,Ndimethylformamide was removed in vacuo and the resulting solid was dissolved in 1 liter of hot ethyl acetate. The hot solution was washed with 1M HC1 (3x150 ml), water (150 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate (3x150 ml) and finally with brine (150 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the hot solution was concentrated in vacuo. The resulting yellow solid was triturated with 400 ml of cold 1:3 ethyl acetate-hexane and collected by filtration to give 14.5g (91% yield) of N-BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine, 2- L I I WO) 95106031 PCT'IS94/09343 (benzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl amide (li) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.59 (chloroformisopropanol 1H NMR(CDCl3) 5 1.26(d, 3H), 1.35(s, 9H), 3.16(m, 6H), 4.42(m, 1H), 4.50(m, 1H), 5.07(s, 5.25(d, 1H), 5.69(m, 1H), 6.82(m, 1H), 6.90(d, 1H), 7.29(s, 1H), 7.31(bs, 5H), 7.45(m, 2H), 7.61(s, 1H), 7.76(m,3H); 13 C NMR (CDC13) 8 18.0, 28.2, 38.2, 39.7, 40.6, 49.0, 55.9, 66.6, 80.6, 125.8, 126.2, 127.2, 127.5, 127.6, 127.9, 128.0, 128.4, 132.4, 133.3, 133.8, 134.2, 155.4, 156.7, 171.4, 172.4.

A suspension of 2.5g (0.0044 mol) of (li) in dichloromethane (10 ml) was cooled with an ice bath and 10 ml of trifluoroacetic acid was added. The homogeneous solution was stirred at ca. 5 OC for 20 minutes, then allowed to warm to room temperature. After minutes the dichloromethane and trifluoroacetic acid were removed in vacuo The resulting residue was dissolved in 100 ml of ethyl acetate and washed with 2M NaOH (3x50 ml), water (50 ml) and brine (50 ml). The non-homogeneous solution was transferred to a flask containing 100 ml of absolute ethanol, and heated until it became homogeneous. The hot solution was dried over a small amount of anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to obtain a solid. The solid was triturated with cold 1:3 ethyl acetatehexane and collected by filtration to give 1.46g (71% yield) of L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-Lalanine, 2-(benzyloxy-carbonyl-amino)-ethyl amide (lj) as a white solid. 1 H NMR(CDC13) 6 1.33(d, 3H), 1.60(bs, 2H), 2.83(m, 1H), 3.34(m, 5H), 3.82(m, 1H), 4.44(m, 1H), 5.07(s, 2H), 5.33(t, 1H), 6.92(t, 1H), 7.31(bs, 5H), 7.36(s, 1H), 7.48(m, 2H), 7.65(s, 1H), 7.72(d, 1H), 7.81(m, 3H); 13 C NMR (CDC13) 8 17.6, 40.6, 40.7, 40.9, 48.6, 56.1, 66.9, 125.4, 125.8, 127.2, 127.4, 127.5, 127.8, 127.9, 128.4, 132.4, 133.4, 135.1, 136.5, 156.1, 172.7, 174.7.

To a solution of 1.4g (0.003 mol) of (lj) and 0.42 ml (0.003 mol) of triethylamine dissolved in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (2 ml) was added 0.87g (0.003 mol) of The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The N,Ndimethylformamide was removed in vacuo. The resulting residue was dissolved in 200 ml of hot ethyl acetate and washed with 1M HCI (3x50 ml), water (50 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (3x50 ml) and finally brine (50 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the hot ethyl acetate solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 1.7g (89% yield) of D,L-2-(methoxycarbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanoyl-L-3-(2'naphthyl)-alanyl-L-alanine, 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl amide (1k) as an off-white solid. TLC: Rf 0.32 (chloroform-isopropanol 19:1) Under an atmosphere of argon, a mixture of 2.66g (0.047 mol) of KOH in 12 ml of .ot methanol was combined with a mixture of 2.63g (0.037 mol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 12 ml of hot methanol. After cooling in an ice bath, the reaction was s d Clls WO 95/06031 PCT/IUS94/09343 filtered into a flask containing 6.0g (0.0095 mol) of (1k) and 12 ml of anhydrous N,Ndimethylformamide. After stirring under argon for 18 hours, the solvent was removed in vacuo. The resulting solid was triturated with 100 ml of ethyl acetate and collrted by filtration to give 5.2g (86% yield) of D,L-2-(hydroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl-4methylpentanoyl-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alan-ine, 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl amide (lm) as an off white solid. TLC: Rf 0.23 and 0.36 (chloroform-isopropanol 9:1); 13 C NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 18.0, 21.7, 23.2, 25.1, 35.7, 36.6, 37.3, 38.7, 40.7, 40.8, 48.5, 54.0, 65.3, 125.3, 125.9, 127.3, 127.4, 127.7, 127.9, 128.3, 131.8, 132.9, 135.7, 136.0, 137.1, 156.1, 167.1, 170.7, 172.7, 174.7.

MS: m/e 634 A suspension of 1.0g of 10% palladium on activated carbon in a solution of (0.0031 mol) of (1m) dissolved in glacial acetic acid (75 ml) was agitated under 4 atmospheres of hydrogen for 24 hours. Removal of the catalyst by filtration, and concentration of the filtrate in vacuo produced a residue which was triturated with 50 ml of ether and dried in vacuo to give 2.0g of crude D,L-2-(hydroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl-4methylpentanoyl-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine, 2-(amino)ethyl amide The diastereomers of were separated by reverse phase HPLC using a C18 column and eluting with water containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid with a gradient of acetonitrile (0-60% in 30 minutes) also containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (hereinafter "Method The purified diastereomers (In) and (lo) had retention times of 20 and 22 minutes, respectively. Diastereomer (In) showed the following NMR data. 13

C

8 24.6, 28.9, 29.1, 30.3, 33.2, 43.4, 44.8, 47.0, 48.6, 49.1, 57.6, 62.8, 134.2, 134.6, 135.3, 135.6, 135.8, 135.9, 136.4, 140.2, 141.2, 142.1, 178.3, 180.8, 183.1, 185.4.

MS: m/e 500 The following is an alternative method, which is a preferred method, for preparing compound l(c) such that a greater ratio of the desired stereoisomer is produced as compared to the undesired stereoisomer The reaction steps and reference numerals for the respective compounds are shown in Reaction Scheme By following the procedure of Newman, M. Kutner, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc.

1951, 73 4199, a solution of sodium methoxide was prepared by dissolving 1.29g (0.056 mol) of sodium in 15ml of anhydrous methanol, which was added to a slurry of 25g (0.242 mol) of L-valinol in 500 ml of diethyl carbonate. The reaction mixture was then heated for 2 hours, with 200ml of distillate collected in the temperature range of 75-123 The distillate YI LI L r WO 95/0(031 PCT/lUS911/09343 was discarded and the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and stand overnight. The excess diethyl carbonate was removed from the reaction mixture in vacuo by rotary evaporation to give a residue. The residue was dissolved in 500ml of ethyl acetate and washed with water (3 x 200ml) and brine (200ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give a white solid. The solid was recrystallized from ethyl acetate-hexane to produce 23.2g (74% yield) of isopropyl-2-oxazolidinone 12(a) as white needles. TLC of 12(a): Rf 0.50 (ethyl acetatehexane 3:1) 1H NMR (CDC13) d 0.90(d, J 6.7Hz, 3H), 0.97(d, J 6.7Hz, 3H), 1.72(m, 1H), 3.63(m, 1H), 4.10(dd, J 8.7, 6.4Hz, 1H), 4.45(m, 1H), 7.32(bs, 1H); 13C NMR (CDC13) d 17.5, 17.8, 32.6, 58.3, 68.5, 160.7.

Following the procedure of Vogel, A. In Vogel's Practical Organic Chemistry 4th Ed.; Wiley Sons: New York, 1978; p 498 and 1208, 4-methylpentanoyl chloride 12(b) was prepared by adding dropwise with stirring, 38ml (0.52 mol) of thionyl chloride to (0.43 mol) of 4-methylvaleric acid over 30 minutes. The mixture was heated during the addition, leading to vigorous HC1 gas evolution. When the thionyl chloride addition was completed, the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was distilled, with collection of the distillate between 135 and 148 OC. The material was re-distilled and 47.3g (81% yield) of 4-methylvaleroyl chloride 12(b) was collected between 143 and 148 "C as a colorless liquid. 'H NMR (CDC13) d 0.92(d, J 6.2 Hz, 6H), 1.62(m, 3H), 2.90(t, J 7.4 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (CDC13) d 22.0, 27.2, 33.6, 45.3, 173.9.

Following the procdure of Evans, D. Bartroli, Shih, T. L. J. Am. Chem.

Soc. 1981,103, 2127, a solution of 32.3g (0.25 mol) of 12(a) in 500ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was cooled to -78 "C and 100ml of 2.5M (0.25 mol) n-butyllithium in hexanes was added. When the addition was complete, the mixture was stirred at -78 "C for minutes, then warmed to 0 OC and stirred for 20 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to -78 oC and 34.6ml (0.25 mol) of 12(b) was added over 10 minutes. Stirring was continued at -78 "C for one hour, then the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight. The tetrahydrofuran was removed in vacuo by rotary evaporation to produce an orange residue.

The residue was dissolved in 750ml of ethyl acetate and washed with water (2 x 250ml) and brine (3 x 100ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 60g of orange oil.

l L1 I WO 95/06031 PCT/IS94/09343 The oil was purified in two batches by flash chromatography on silica gel 60 (500 g).

The product was eluted with 1:4 ethyl acetate:hexane to produce 48.6g of 12(c) as a pale yellow oil. TLC: Rf 0.42 (1:4 ethyl acetate-hexane) IH NMR (CDCL3) d 0.88(d, J 6.9Hz, 3H1), 0,92(m, 1.57(m, 31), 2.37(m, 1H), 2.93(m, 2H), 4.25(m, 2H), 4.44(m, 1H); 13C NMR (CDC13) d 14.5, 17.9, 22.2, 27.6, 28.3, 33.2, 33.5, 58.3, 63.2, 153.9, 173.5.

Following the procedure of Evans, Ennis, Mathre, D.J. J. Am. Chem.

Soc. 1982, 104 1737, a mixture of 16.3ml (0.116 mol) of diisopropylamine and 200ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was cooled to -5 oC under an atmosphere of dry argon, and 46.5ml (0.116 mol) of n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes) was added. The mixture was stirred at -5 oC for 25 minutes, then cooled to -78 OC. A solution of 24.0g (0.106 mol) of 12(c) in 67ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 oC for 30 minutes. The reaction was allowed to warm to -5 OC and 27.4 ml (0.317 mol) of allyl bromide was added. The mixture was stirred at -5 oC for 4 hours then ml of water was added, followed by removal of the tetrahydrofuran by rotary evaporation to give an oil. The oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate (500ml) and washed with water (125 ml) and brine (3 x 125 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation to produce an oil. The oil was purified by filtering it through 100g of silica gel 60 with 1.25 liters of 1:4 ethyl acetatehexane. Five fractions of 250 ml each were collected. Each fraction was checked by TLC.

The fractions containing purified product were combined and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to give 26.8g (95% yield) of 12(d) as a colorless oil. TLC Rf 0.52 (1:4 ethyl acetate-hexane). 1H NMR (CDC13) d 0.89(m, 12H), 1.28(m,lH), 1.53(m, 1H), 1.65(m, 1H), 2.33(m, 3H), 4.06(m, 1H), 4.23(m, 2H), 4.46(m, 1H), 5.04(m, 2H), 5.80(m, 1H); 13 C NMR (CDC13) d 14.5, 18.0, 22.5, 22.8, 26.0, 28.3, 37.5, 40.2, 40.3, 58.5, 62.9, 117.0, 135.1, 153.6, 176.1.

Generally following the methods of Evans, Ennis, Mathre, D.J. J. Am.

Chem. Soc. 1982, 104 1737, a solution of 20.2g (0.187 mol) of anhydrous benzyl alcohol dissolved in 63ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was cooled to -5 OC under a dry argon atmosphere and 56. Iml (0.140 mol) of n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes) was added over 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at -5 oC for 20 minutes, then a solution of 25.0g (0.093A mol) of 12(d) dissolved in 380 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (pre-cooled to -5 0 C) was added. The reaction was stirred at -5 °C for 2 hours, then water (50ml) was added. The reaction was allowed to warm to room tempera.are. The tetrahydrofuran was removed by rotary evaporation to produce a residue. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (250ml) and washed with water (125ml) and brine (125ml). After drying over a I I ,0 WO 95/06031 PCT/II /S4i09343 anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated by rotary evaporation to produce an oil. The oil was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (240g). The product was eluted with 97:3 hcxane-ethyl acetate to give 38.9g of 12(e) as a pale yellow oil. The chiral auxiliary 12(a) was cluted with ethyl acetate for reuse (40% recovery). TLC of 12(e): Rf 0.80 (1:4 ethyl acetate-hexane). tH NMR (CDC13) d 0.86(d, J 6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.88(d, J 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.27(m, 1H), 1.57(m, 2H), 2.23(m, 1H), 2.33(m, 1H), 2.58(m, 1H), 5.01(m, 2H), 5.10(s, 2H), 5.71(m, 1H), 7.33(m, 5H); 13C NMR (CDC13) d 21.9, 22.9, 26.0, 37.0, 41.0, 43.4, 65.9, 116.7, 128.0, 128.1, 128.4, 135.3, 136.0, 175.5.

By generally following the procedures of Carlsen, Katsuki, Martin, Sharpless, K.B. J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 3936, a suspension of 38.0g (0.154 mol) of 12(e) and 145g (0.679 mol) of sodium periodate in 330 ml of acetonitrile, 330 ml of carbon tetrachloride and 497 ml water was stirred at 0 OC, while 0.83g (2.4 mol%) of ruthenium trichloride hydrate was added. The mixture was stirred at 0 oC for 15 minutes, then allowed to stir to room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction was filtered to remove the solid, using 500ml of dichloromethane and 250ml of water to rinse the solid collected. The filtrate was tranferred to a separatory funnel and the layers were separated. After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the lower(dichloromethane) layer was filtered and concentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation to produce a dark oil. The oil was purified with two successive flash chromatography columns [each column: 500 grams of silica gel eluted with 1900ml of 1:4 ethyl acetate:hexane, and 1000 ml of ethyl acetate] to produce 26.6 yield) of 12(f) as a viscous oil.

TLC of 12(f): Rf 0.10 (1:4 ethyl acetate-hexane). 1H NMR (CDC13) d 0.88(d, J 6.2 Hz. 5H), 0.92(d, J 6.4 Hz, 3H), 1.33(m, 1H), 1.60(m, 2H), 2.49(dd, J 17.0, 4.8 Hz, 1i), 2.77(dd, J 17.0, 9.5 Hz, 1H), 2.94(m, 1H), 5.15(s, 2H), 7.35(m, 1l.l(bs, 1H); 1 3 C NMR (CDC13) d 22.2, 22.4, 25.7, 36.1, 39.2, 41.0, 66.4, 128.0, 128.1, 128.4, 135.8, 174.9, 178.2.

Ethereal diazomethane (Aldrich Chemical Co. Technical Information Bulletin No.

AL-180) was slowly added to a solution of 22g (0.083 mol) of 12(f) in 50 ml of diethyl ether until the reaction mixture remained yellow with swirling. The reaction mixture was back titrated to colorlessness with 1:9 acetic acid-diethyl ether. After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate the colorless solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation to produce a viscous oil. The oil was dissolved inl00ml of methanol and transferred to a Parr bottle containing 1.0g of 10% palladium on charcoal catalyst and shaken under 4 atm. of hydrogen for 6 hours at room temperature. The mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation to produce an oil. The Is WO 95/06031 WO 95/06011l07118J94/09313 oil was vacuum distilled to give 13.9 g (89% yield) of 12(f) as a colorless oil; b.p. 110- 123 *C /0.2mmHg.

TLC of 12(0: Rf 0. 15 (3:7 ethyl acetate-hexane) TLC of methyl ester intermediate: Rf 0.73 (3:7 ethylacetate-hexane) TLC of 1 Rf 0.23 (3:7 ethyl acetate-hexane). IH NMR of 1(c) (CDCl3) d 0.9 1(d, J3 6.3 Hz, 31-), 0.95(67.4 Hz, 3H), 1.33(m, 1H1), 1.64(m, 2H), 2.45(dd, J 16.7, 11.43(bs, 1H); 13C NMR of 1(c) (CDCI3) d 22.2, 22.4, 25.7, 35.8, 39.3, 40.9, 51.8, 172.3, 181.6.

EXAMPEL2 Synthesis of N-I DL-2-(hvdroxyaminiocarbonyl)methyl-3-methvlbutanovl nap~hthvl)-L-alanine amide (Comngunds 2 and 3) 0 ~H0 HO-HN N N NH, 0 Referring to Scheme 3, Compound (2d) was synthesized from the sodium salt of the 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid by the sequence of reactions used to prepare compound (id) from 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid, sodium salt.

Compound 73% yield; bp. 100-121 0 C/0.3mm~g; 1 H NMR(CDCl 3 8 1.13(d,6H-), 3.24(m,1H), 5.27(s,2H), 7.37(m,51H); 13

C

NMR(CDCl3) 8 17.0, 37.0, 67.6, 128.4, 128.5, 128.6, 134.5, 161.5, 197.7.

Compound 58% yield; bp. 125-147 0 C/0.6mmHg; IThC: Rf 0.54(ethyl acetate-hexane iIH NMR(CDCl3) 8 1.11 2.66(m, 1H), 3.62(s, 311), 5.27(s,2H), 5.79(s,1H), 7.35(m,5H); 13C NMR (CDCl3) 8 20.4, 32.7, 51.5, 67.0, 117.0, 128.2, 128.3, 128.5, 135.3, 156.2, 165.4, 168.4.

Compound 76% yield; bp. 115-119 'C/0.7mmHg; TLC: Rf 0.09 (ethyl acetatehexane IH NMR(CDCI3) 8 0,96(d,3H-), 0.99(d,3H), 2.09(m,lH), 2.43(m,IH), 2.76(m,3H), 3.69(s,3H); 13 C NMR(CDCI3) 8 19.1, 19.8, 29.7, 32.1, 47.0, 51,7, 172.8, 180.4.

WO 95/06031 WO 9516031I UtS94I093,13 Compound 55% yield; TLC: RfO0.60(chloroform-isopropanol 19:1); 11~i NMR(CDCl3) 5 1.06(d,3H), 2.12(m,IH), 2.58(m,IH), 2.84(m,5H), 3.07(m, 1H), 3.72(s,3H); 13 C NMR(CDCl3) 8 19.4, 19.6, 25.6, 30.3, 33,1, 45.2, 52.1, 168.9, 169.6, 171.5.

The diastereomers and can be made from L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanine amide hydrochloride (8b) and compound using the sequence of reactions used to prepare Compound from Compounds (1j) and Compounds and were separated by reverse phase HPLC as described above.

Compound HPLC retention time (Method A) 21 minutes.

1 H NMR(CD3CN/D20) 5 O.19(d,3H), 0.50(d,3H), 1.38(m,11-), 2.24(m,3H), 2.95(m,1H), 3.50(m,flH), 4.68(m,1H), 7.48(m,3H), 7.76(s,1H), 7.83(m,3H); 13 C NMR (CD3CNID2O) 8 20.2, 20.3, 31.1, 33.4, 38.0, 50.2, 55.5, 126.7, 127.2, 128.4, 128.6, 129.1, 129.2, 133.8, 134.4, 136.6, 171.5, 176.3, 176.4.

MS: Wfe 371 Compound HPLC retention time (Method A) 23.1 minutes.

MS: mle 371 E~XAMEL3 Synthesis of N-[3-(hvdroxvaminocarbonyl)propanoyll-L-3- (2'-naphthyl)alanvl-L-alanine amide (Compound 4) 0H[ 0 OH 3 HO-HN N J N ThNH2 Referring to Scheme 4, to a solution of 1.74g (10 mmol) of tert-butyl hydrogen succinate (Buchi, Roberts, C. J. Org Chemz,, 33:460, 1968) and 1.15g (10 mmol) of N-hydroxy-succinimide in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (20 ml) was added 2.06g (10 mmol) of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. After stirring at room temperature overnight, the reaction was filtered to remove the dicyclohexylurea by-product. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give a residue. Chromatography on silica gel using ethyl acetate-hexane WO 95106031 PCT/US94/09343 provided 2.3g (84% yield) of rert-butyl succinimidyl succinate (4a) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.50 (ethyl acetate-hexane NMR(d6-DMSO) 5 1.39(s,9H), 2.56(m,2H), 2.80(bs,4H), 2.86 (m,2H).

A solution of 0.70g (1.8 mmol) of (Al) dissolved in 5.0 ml of trifluoroacetic acid was stirred at room temperature for 90 minutes. The trifluoroacetic acid was removed in vacuo to give a residue which was triturated with ether (20 ml) and dried in vacuo to give 0.72g of a pink solid. A portion (0.35g) of the solid was dissolved in 2.0 ml of anhydrous N,N-dimethylformnamide. To this was added 0.24g (0.87 mmol) of (4a) and 0.18 ml (1.3 mmol) of triethylamine. After stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the solvent was removed in vacuo to produce a residue. Chromatography on silica gel using chloroformisopropanol 9:1 provided .32g (84% yield) of N-[3-(rerr-butoxycarbonyl)propanoyl]-L-3- (2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide (4b) as white solid. TLC: Rf 0.33 (chloroformisopropanol 1 H NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 1.23(d,3H), 1.30(s,9H), 2.27(m,4H), 2.93(m,1H), 3.20(m,1H), 4.22(m,1H), 4.61(m,1H), 7.03(s,1H), 7.22(s,H), 7.46(m,3H), 7.75(s,1H), 7.83(m,3H), 8.07(d,1H), 8.19(d,1H); 13 C NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 18.3, 27.8, 30.1, 30.3, 37.6, 48.1, 54.1, 79.6, 125.4, 126.0, 127.4, 127.5, 127.9, 131.9, 133.0, 135.8, 170.8, 171.1, 171.6, 174.1.

A solution of 0.29g (0.64 mmol) of (4b) dissolved in 10ml of trifluoroacetic acid was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The trifluoroacetic acid was removed in vacuo to give a residue which was triturated with ether (20ml) and dried in vacuo to give 0.24g (95% yield) of N-[3-carboxypropanoyl]-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide (4c) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.04 (chloroform-isopropanol 1 H NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 1.23(d,3H), 2.29(m,4H), 2.92(m,1H), 3.21(m,I), 4.21(m,1H), 4.58(m,1H), 7.04(s,1H), 7.23(s,1H), 7.46(m,3H), 7.75(s,1H), 7.83(m,3H), 8.06(d,1H), 8.21(d,1H); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 18.3, 29.1, 30.0, 37.6, 48.2, 54.1, 125.4, 126.0, 127.4, 127.5, 128.0, 131.9, 133.0, 135.8, 170 8, 171.3, 173.9, 174.1.

Under an atmosphere of dry argon, a solution of 0.22g (0.56 mmol) of (4c) and 0.062 ml (0.56 mmol) of 4-methylmorpholine anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (2 ml) was cooled to -15 OC and treated with 0.073 ml (0.56 mmol) of isobutyl chloroformate. The mixture was stirred at -15 oC for 15 minutes, then a solution of 0.10g (0.81 mmol) of (Obenzyl)hydroxylamine in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (0.5 ml) was added. The mixture was stirred at -15 'C for 1 hour, then at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The resulting solid was triturated with ethyl acetate and collected by filtration to obtain 0.20g (73% yield) of N-[3-(benzyloxyaminocarbonyl)propanoyl]-L-3-('naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine amide (4d) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.46 (chloroform-

I

WO 95/06031 W095106031PCIU1S94/09343 isopropanol 1 H NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 1.26(d,3H), 2.25(m,4H), 2.95(m,1H), 3.22 4.23(m,1H), 4.57(m,IH), 4.74(s,2H-), 7.03(s,IH), 7.16(s,lH), 7.36(bs,5H), 7.46(m,3H), 7.77(s,1li-1), 7.83(m,3H), 8. 12(d,11H), 8.32(d, IH), 11 .03(s, 1H); 1 3

C

NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 18.3, 27.9, 30.4, 37.6, 48.4, 54.5, 77.0, 125.6, 126.1, 127.6, 128. 1, 128.4, 128.5, 129.0, 132.0, 133.2, 136.0, 136.2, 169.0, 171.0, 171.7, 174.3.

A suspension of 0.20g of 5% palladium on activated carbon in a solution of 0.10g (0.20 mmol) of (4d) in 4 ml of glacial acetic acid was agitated under 4 atmospheres of hydrogen for 18 hours. Removal of the catalyst by filtration, and concentration of the filtrate in vacuo produced a residue which was triturated with 10 ml of ether and dried in vacuo to give a solid. Chromatography on Baker octadecyl reverse phase gel, eluting with wateracetonitrile-acetic acid(57:40:3), provided 0.065g (79% yield) of N-113- (hydroxyaminocarbonyl)-propan-oyl] (2'-naphthyl)al anyl-L-alanine amide, as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.05 (chloroform-isopropanol 1 H NMR(d6-DMSO) 1.24(d,3H), 2.08(m,2H), 2.28(m,2H), 2.92(m,1H), 3.22(m,11-), 4.20(q,111), 4.54(m,1H), 7.02(s,1H), 7.20(s,1H), 7.46(m,3H), 7.76(s,1I-), 7.84(m,3H), 8. 12(d,1H), 8.27(m,1H), 10.39(s,1H); 13 C NMR(d6-DMSO) 5 18.0, 27.6, 30.4, 37.3, 47.9, 54.0, 125.3, 125.8, 127.2, 127.3, 127.7, 131.7, 132.8, 135.7, 168.3, 170.5, 171.3, 174.0.

EXAM1ELE 4 Synthesis of N- I D.L-2-(hvdroxvwminocarbonyl)rnethvl-4-methylpentanoyl I-L-arginyl-Lalanine. 2-aminoethyl amide (Compound 0H 0 CH3 H HO- H Ni N N N---NH 2 H 0 0 ~N

H

H N IN H 2 With reference to Scheme 5, Compound (5a) was synthesized from Compound (1h) and Ncy.BOC-Ng-(di-CBZ)-Larginine in 79% yield, by following the method used to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0.59 (chloroform-isopropanol IH NMR (CDCL3) 8 1.18(d,3H), 1.40(s,9H), 1.62(m,4H), 3.27(m,4H), 3.89(m,2H), 4.09(m,1H), 4.21(m,1H), 5.06(s,2H), 5.13(m,2H), 5.22(s,2H), 5.58(m,1H), 5.67(m,1-), 6.70(d,1H), 6.80(m,1H), 7.33(bm,151-), 9.30(m,111), 9.42(m,1H); 13 C NMR (CDCl3) 8 17.3, 25.0, 27.9, 28.3, 39.8, 40.7, 44.0, 49.3, 54.7, 66.6, 67.1, 69.0, 80.4, 127 9, WO 95/06031 WO951(6031PCT1US94/09343 128.0, 128.3, 128.4, 128.5, 128.8, 128.9, 134.5, 136.6, 155.7, 156.9, 160.7, 163.5, 172.2, 172.4.

Compound (5b) was prepared from Compound (5a) in 87% yield, by the method used to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0. 11 (chloroformn-isopropanol 9: 1 H NMR (CDCI3) 8 1.28(d,3H), 1.43(m,1H), 1.70(m,4H), 3.30(m,6H), 3.91(m,2-) 4.34(m,IH), 5.03(s,2H), 5.1 1(s,2H), 5.22(s,2H), 5.50(m, iH), 7.01 (in, 7.33(bm,15H-), 7.76(d,IH), 9.25(m,1H), 9.41(m,1H); 13 C NMR (CDC13) 5 17.7, 24.5, 31.1, 40.3, 40.6, 44.1, 48.6, 54.1, 66.7, 66.9, 68.9, 127.9, 128.0, 128.1, 128.2, 128.3, 128.4, 128.5, 128.8, 134.6, 136.3, 136.8, 155.7, 157.1, 160.4, 163.7, 172.8, 175.4.

Compound (Sc) was prepared from Compounds (5b) and (1d) in 88% yield, as a mnixture of diastereomers, with the method used to prepare Compound (1k).

1 H NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 8 0.79(bm,6H), 1.06(m,1H), 1.13 1.20(d, 3H), 1.52(bm,6H), 2.40(m,1H), 2.71(m,1H), 3.03(bm,5H), 3.47 3.54(s,3H), 3.88(m, 2H), 4.18(m,2H), 5.00(s,2H), 5.04(s,2H), 5.24(s,2H), 7.35(bm,18H), 7.59 7.71(d,1H), 7.66 7.94(t,1H), 8.13 8.45(d,1H); 13 C NMR(d6-DMSO); mixture of diastereomers) 6 17.8 18.3, 21.8 22.2, 22.9 23.0, 25.0 25.2, 25.4, 28.4 28.7, 36.4 36.5, 39.6, 40.0, 41.2 41.3, 44.3 44.4, 48.1 48.2, 5 1.1 51.4, 52.4 53.1, 65.3, 66.1, 68.2, 127.5, 127.6, 128.3, 128.6, 135.2, 135.3, 137.0, 155.0, 156.1, 156.2, 159.5, 162.8, 162.9, 170.9, 171.0, 171.9, 172.0, 172.8, 174.0, 174.8.

Hydroxamate (5d) was prepared from Compound (Sc) in 78% yield as a mixture of cliastereomers.

Hydroxamate (Sd) was deprotected by hydrogenolysis to give Compound in 59% yield as a mixture of diastereomers. l-PLC retention times (method A) 10. 1 and 10. 3 minutes; 1H4 NMR(D20; mixture of diastereomers) 6 0.89(m,6H), 1.25(m,1H), 1.39(m,3H), 1.69(bm,6H), 2.38(m,2H), 2.85(m,1H), 3. 15(dd,2H), 3.22(dd,2H), 3.53(m,2H), 4.32(m, 211); 1 3 C NMR (D20; mixture of diastereomers) 6 24.3 24.5, 28.9 29.1, 30.4 30.5, 32.4 32.6, 33.4 33.5, 35.7 35.8, 43.4 43.6, 44.9, 47.0 47.1, 48.4 48.5, 49.0 49.1, 49.2, 57.8 58.0, 61.1 61.4, 164.8, 178.4 178.5, 181.4 181.8, 183.5 183.8, 185.6 186.4.

MS: mle 459 WO 95/06031 WO 9506031PC'r1Us94/09343 Synthesis of Nc- (D.L-2-(hvdroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanovl L-lysinyl-Lalanine amide (Compound 6) 0H 0 CH 3 0 -0

NH

2 Referring to Scheme 6, a solution of 5.Og (0.010 mol) of Nct-B0C-NE-CBZ-Llysine p-nitrophenyl ester and 1.5g (0.012 mol) of L-alanine amide hydrochloride and 1.67 ml (0.012 mol) of triethylamine in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (50 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours before the solvent was removed in vacuo. The resulting residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (200 ml) and washed with 3M NaOH (3x100 ml), water (3x 100 ml), 1M HIC1 (2x100 ml) and finally with brine (100 ml). After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 4.3 g (96% yield) of Nca-BOC-Ne-CBZ-L-lysyl-L-alanine amide (6a) as a white solid.

TLC: Rf 0.32 (chloroform-isopropanol 1 H NMR (d6-DMSO) 5 1.20(d,3H), 1.35(bm, 6H), 1.37(s,9H), 2.97(m,2H), 3.86(m,1H), 4.21 (in, 5.00(s,2H), 6.95(d,1H), 7.06(s, 1H), 7.24(t,1H), 7.34(m,6H), 7.78(d,1H); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 18.6, 22.8, 28.2, 29.2, 31.4, 40.1, 47.8, 54.5, 65.2, 78.2, 127.8, 128.4, 137.3, 155.5, 156.1, 171.7, 174.2.

Compound (6b) was prepared from Compounds (6a) and (1d) in 69% yield using the method previously described to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0.21 and 0.29 (chioroform-isopropanol 1H NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 8 0.81(m,3H), 0.88(m,3H), 1.17 1.23(d,3H), 1.40(bm,8H), 2.46(m,3H), 2.78(m,1H), 2.98(m,2H), 3.54 3.56(s, 3H), 4.08(m,1H), 4.16(m,1H), 5.00(s,211), 7.04(m,1H), 7.23(t,1H), 7.34(m,6H), 7.58 7.68(d,1H), 8.10 8.42(d,1H).

Compound (6c) was prepared from Compound (6b) in 48% yield, using the method previously described to prepare (A 3 TLC: Rf 0. 16 (chloroform-isopropanol 8:2).

MS: Wle 522

M

0 WO 95/06031 WO 95/6031 CT1US94/09343 The diastereomers (6A) and (6B) were prepared from Compound (6c) by the method used to prepare Compound from Compound (1mi). HPLC purification (method A) produced an early-eluting isomer (6A) and a late-eluting isomer (0B).

Compound HPLC retention time (method 9.2 minutes; 1H NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 0.81(d,3H), 0.88(d,3H), 1.06(m,1H), 1.28(d,3H), 1.40(bm,7H), 1.75(m, 1H), 2.03(m,1H), 2.22(m,1H), 2.73(m,31-), 4.01 (in,M), 4.13(m,1H), 7.04(s,1H), 7.11 7.78(bs,3H), 8.06(d,1fl), 8.48(d,1H), 1.61(s,1H); 1 3 C NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 17.6, 21.8, 22.4, 23.5, 25.5, 26.4, 30.1, 35.7, 39.2, 40.0, 41.3, 48.4, 53.1, 168.1, 171.4, 174.8, 175.5; MS: Wle 387 Compound HPLC retention time (method 9.9 minutes; 1 H NMR(d6-DMSO) 6 0.81(d,31-), 0.87(d,3H), 1.08(m,1I-), 1.18(d,3H), 1.46(bm,7H), 1.68(m,1H), 2.05(m,1H), 2.17(m,1I-), 2.76(m,3H), 4.16(m,2H), 7.04(s,1H), 7.35(s,1H), 7.67(d, iN), 7.73(bs,31-), 8.08(d, iH), 10.58(s,1H); 13 C NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 18.5, 22.1, 22.2, 23.2, 25.1, 26.3, 30.5, 35.5, 39.2, 40.1, 41.3, 47.8, 52.0, 167.9, 171.1, 174.0, 174.3; MS: ml e 387 (MIH+).

EXAMPE, 6 Synthesis of N- fD.L-2-(hvdroxvaminocarbonvl)methyl-4-methlpentanovl IL-tvrosyl-Lalanine arnide (Compound 7) 0H 0 CH 3 H0- H N NI'JLN N NH2 0 H 0 O H With reference to Scheme 7, Compound (7a) was prepared from N-BOC-(Obenzyl)-L-tyrosine p-nitrophenyl ester and L-alanine amide hydrochloride in 99% yield, with the method used to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0.51 (chloroform-isopropanol 9:1); 1 H NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 1.22(d,3H), 1.30(s,9H), 2.67(m,1H), 2.91 4.09(m,1H), 4.22(m,1H), 5.05(s,2H), 6.90(m,31-), 7.06(s,1H), 7.18(m,2H), 7.28(s,1H), WO 95A)6031 WO 95/6031 CTIUS94/09343 2.38(bm,5H), 7.88(d,1H); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 18.5, 28.1, 36.4, 47.8, 56.0, 69.1, 78.1, 114.3, 127.5, 127.7, 128.3, 130.1, 130.2, 137.2, 155.2, 156.8, 171.2, 174.0.

Compound (7b) was prepared from Compound (7a) as a mixture of diastereomers in 64% yield with the method used to synthesize Compound TLC: Rf 0.53 and 0.57 (chloroform-isopropanol 1 H NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 6 0.60 0.68(d,3H), 0.76 0.82(d,3H), 1.04(m,1H), 1.19 1.26(d,3H), 1.40(m,2H), 2.31(bm, 2H), 2.68(m,2H-), 3.05(m,1H), 3.48 4.20(m,1H),4.44(m,1H), 5.03 5.04(s,2H), 6.87(m,2H), 7.06(bs, 1H), 7.15(m,3H), 7.38(bm,5H), 7.69 7.78(d,1H), 8.15 8.39 1 3 C NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 8 18.0 18.4, 21.9 22.1, 22.9 23.1, 24.6 25.1, 35.8 36.0, 36.4 36.6, 39.4 39.7, 41.1 41.2, 47.9 48.0, 51.2 51.4, 53.9 54.6, 69.1 69.2, 114.2 114.3, 127.5, 127.7, 128.4, 130.1, 130.2, 137.2, 156.8 156.9, 170.6 170.8, 171.9 172.7, 173.8 173.9, 174.0 174.4.

Compound (7c) was prepared from Compound (7b) in 48% yield with the method used to prepare Compound A single diastereomer of Compound (7c) was isolated by HPLC (method 1 H NMR (CD3OD). 5 0.46(m,6H), 0.61(m,1H), 0.76(m,1H), 1.13(m,1H), 1.28(d,3H), 1.89(m,1H), 2. 17(m,1H), 2.45(m,217), 3.10(m,1H), 4.18(m,1H), 4.39(m,1H), 4.83(s,2H), 6.70(m,2H), 6.97(m,2H), 7.17(m,5H); 1 3 C NMR(CD3OD) 8 17.8, 22.2, 23.9, 26.3, 36.8, 37.2, 42.2, 43.0, 50.8, 56.7, 71.0, 115.9, 128.5, 128.9, 129.5, 131.1, 138.8, 159.1, 170.9, 173.8, 178.2, 178.6.

The diastereomer (7c) was deprotected under 4 atmospheres of hydrogen in the presence of 10% palladium on carbon in methanol to produce Compound in 92% yield.

Synthesis of N- fDL-2-(hvdroxyaminocarbonyl)methvl-4-methvlpentanovl naphthyl)alanine amide (Compounds 8 and 9) HO-HN LN-J NH 2 II I CI~ SWO 95/06031 PCT/S)'94/09343 With reference to Scheme 3, a solution of 3.2g (0.010 mol) of N-BOC-L-3-(2'naphthyl)alanine and 1.3g (0.011 mol) of N-hydroxysuccinimide dissolved in 10 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was cooled to ca. 5 A solution of 2.3g (0.011 mol) of 1,3dicyclohexylcarbodiimide dissolved in 5 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added, and the mixture was stirred at ca. 5 °C for 30 minutes, then at room temperature for 30 minutes.

The dicyclohexylurea by-product was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was transferred to a flask containing 1.5 ml (0.022 mol) of concentrated NH40H. After the mixture had stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo to give a residue.

The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (350 ml) and washed with water (100 ml), 1M HCL (100 ml), water (100 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (100 ml) and finally with brine (100 ml). After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solution was filtered and concentrated in vacuo to produce a solid. The solid was recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give 2.2g (70% yield) of N-BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanine amide (8a) as a white solid. TLC: Rf 0.50 (chloroform-isopropanol 9:1); 1 H NMR(d6-DMSO) 5 1.27(s,9H), 2.92(m,1H), 3.12(m,1H), 4.22(m,1H), 6.91(d,lH), 7.07(s,lH), 7.44(s,lH), 7.50(m,3H), 7.75(s,1H), 7.85(m,3H); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 6 28.3, 37.9, 55.7, 78.1, 125.5, 126.1, 127.5, 127.6, 128.0, 132.0, 133.1, 136.2, 155.4, 173.7.

A stream of hydrogen chloride gas was bubbled into a solution of 1.95g (0.0062 mol) of N-BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanine dissolved in 60 ml of anhydrous 1,4-dioxane, for minutes. Ether (400 ml) was added, causing a solid to precipitate. The solid was collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to give 1.36g (88% yield) of naphthyl)alanine amide hydrochloride 1 H NMR(d6-DMSO) 6 3.27(m,2H), 4.10(m,lH), 7.48(m,3H), 7.55(s,lH), 7.79(s,1H), 7.86(m,3H), 8.14(s,lH), 8.40(bm,3H); 13C NMR(d6-DMSO) 8 37.0, 53.6, 125.9, 126.3, 127.7, 127.9, 128.1, 128.4, 132.4, 133.0, 133.1, 169.8.

The diastereomers and can be made from L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanine amide hydrochloride (8b) and using the sequence of reactions used to prepare Compound from Compounds (lj) and (Id).

Compound HPLC retention time (method A) 22.6 minutes. 1 H NMR (CD3CN/D20) 5 0.71(m,6H), 1.09(m,2H), 1.28(m,lH), 2.12(m,2H), 2.59(m,lH), 2.84(m,1H), 3.11(m,lH), 4.45(m,1H), 6.94(m,7H).

MS: mle 385 Compound HPLC retention time (method A) 24.3 minutes, MS: mle 385 III IIII I I WO 95/06031 WO 9/0631 CIIAI94/093413 EXAELE 8 Synthesis of N-f DL-2-(hydroxyai nocarbonyl)methyl-4-meth vlpentanovi naphthyl)-alanyl-L-serine amide (Compoound 0 HO 0 HO-HN N_4 N NA~ NH 2 With reference to Scheme 8, N-BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-(O-benzyl)serine amide (10a) was prepared from N-BOC-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanine and L-(O-benzyl)serine amide in 80% yield with the method used to prepare TLC: Rf 0.51 (chloroformisopropanol 1 11 NMR (d6-DMSO) 5 1.24(s,9H), 2.93(m,IH), 3.19(m,IH), 3.65(m,2H), 4.34(m,IH), 4.48(m,1EI), 4.51(s,2H), 7.16(d,IH), 7.27(s,lH), 7.34(m,5H), 7.46(m,4H), 7.78(s,1I-), 7.82(m,3H), 8.04(d,1H); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 28.0, 37.4, 52.5, 55.9, 70.0, 72.1, 78.2, 125.4, 125.9, 127.3, 127.4, 127.5, 127.8, 128.2, 131.8, 132.9, 135.9, 138.2, 155.4, 171.3, 171.5.

L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-(O-benzyl)serine amide (10b) was prepared from Compound (10a) in 95% yield with the method used to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0.08 (chloroform-isopropanol 1 H NMR d6-DMSO) 8 2.8 1(m,IH), 3.15(m,1H), 3.42(m,3H), 3.63(m,21-), 4.37(s,2H), 4.43(m,1H), 7.32(m,6H-), 7.46(m,4H), 7.72(s,1H), 7.82(m,3H), 8.14(d,l1-); 1 3 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 8640.6, 52.0, 55.8, 70.0, 72.0, 125.3, 125.9, 127.4, 127.5, 127.7, 128.0, 128.2, 131.8, 133.0, 136.2, 138.1, 171.5, 174.0.

Compound (10c) was prepared from Compounds (10b) and (1d) as a mixture of dliastereomers in 97% yield following the method used to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0.69 and 0.73 (chloroform- isopropan ol 111 NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 8 0.25 0.68 0.79(d,3H), 1.00(m,1H), 1.32(m,2H), 2.31(bm,3H), 2.64(m,1l-), 2.98(m,1H), 3.37 3.50(s,3H), 3.68(m,2H), 4.48(m,1H), 4.49 4.53(s,2H), 4.72(m,lIr), 7.35(bm,6H), 7.44(m,4H), 7.78(m,4H), 7.93 7.99(d,11-), 8.30 8.49(d,1lH); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 5621.4 WO 95/06031 WO 5/0031P117J894/09343 22.1, 22.8, 24.5 25.1, 36.3 36.6, 37.1, 39.6, 41.0 41.1, 51.1 51.4, 52.6 52.7, 53.7 54.2, 69.8 69.9, 72.1, 125.3, 125.8, 127.4, 127.5, 127.6, 127.8, 128.2, 131.8 131.9, 132.9 133.0, 135.7 135.8, 138.1, 170.0, 171.2, 171.3, 171.8, 172.5, 174.0, 174.2.

Compound (10d) was prepared from Compound (10c) in 74% yield with the method used to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0, 12 (chloroform-isopropanol 9: 1).

Compound (10) was prepared from Compound (10d) in 84% yield with the method used to prepare Compound HPLC retention times: 25.2 and 27.1 minutes (method A).

MS: Wle 472 E£XAMLEL2 Synthesis of N- D.L-2-(hydroxyaminocarbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanol)I-L-3-(2'naphthyl)-alanyl-L-alanine methylamide (Compound 11) 0 H 0OCH 3 HO-HN N 4IIJL.N AJ..NH-CH 3 Referring to Scheme 9, Compound (Ila) was prepared from N-BOC-L-3-(2'naphthyl)alanine and L-alanine methylamide hydrochloride, in 89% yield using the method previously described to prepare Compound (li).

TLC: Rf 0.58 (chioroform-isopropanol 1 H NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 1.21(d,3H), 1.25(s,9H), 2.54(d,3H), 2.91 3.18(m,1H), 4.28(m,2H), 7.04(d,1H), 7.46(m,3H), 7.75(s,1H), 7.83(m,4H), 8.07(d,1H); 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 8 18.5, 25.5, 28.0, 37.5, 48.1, 55.7, 78.1, 125.4, 125.9, 127.3, 127.4, 127.5, 127.9, 131.8, 132.9, 135.9, 155.3, 171.1, 172.3.

Compound (11b) was prepared from Compounds (11a) and in 86% yield using the method previously described to prepare Compound (A2).

TLC: Rf 0.57 and 0.62 (chloroform-isopropanol 9:1); WO 95106031 WO 910631 'T1IUS94/093413 1 H NMR (d6-DMSO; mixture of diastereomers) 8 0.23 O.40(d,31-), 0.70 0.79(d,3H), 1.18 1.26(d,311), 1.32(m,21-), 2.22(tn,211), 2,53(d,31-1), 2.92(m,IH-), 3.22(m,11-D, 3.38 3.39(s,3H), 4.22(m,11-1), 4.63(m,11-1), 7.44(m,41-), 7.73(s,1H), 7.81(m,41), 8.22 8.46(d,11-D.

Compound (11) was prepared from Compound (lib) in 23% yield using the method previously described to prepare Compound TLC: Rf 0.18 (chloroformisopropanol 9:1).

EA M f Synthesis of N-f D.L-2-(hydroxvaminocarbonvl)methyl-4-methvlpentanoyI I -L-3-amino-2dimethylbutanoyl-L-alanine. 2-aminoeth vi amide (Compound 13) 0 H 0 GH3 H 0 1 H o Following Reaction Scheme 10, N-Boc-L-tert-leucine 13(b) was prepared by treating L-tert-leucine (Aldrich Chemical) with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate and diisopropylethyl amine in dimethyl fluoride (DMF). Then (13b) was treated with NHS and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in anhydrous tertrahydrofuran to produce N-Boc-L-tertleucine N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester, which then is coupled with (1h) from Reaction Scheme 2 and Example 1 to produce (13c). Compound (13) was prepared from (13c) by following procedures similar to those described in Example 1 and shown in Reaction Scheme 2 for the synthesis of compound IH NMR (d6-DMSO) 5 0.76(d, J 5.6 Hz, 3H), 0.82(d, J 6.1 Hz, 3H), 0.90(s,911), 1.06(m, 1H), 1.17(d, J 6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.39(m, 2H), 2.08(m, 2H), 2.69(m, 2H1), 2.86(m, 3.18(m, 2H), 4.19(m, 2H), 8.30(m, 1H), 8.03(d, J 7.0 Hz, 1B), 7.86(d, J 8.9 Hz, 1H), 13 C NMR (d6-DMSO) 6 18.4, 22.6, 23.5, 25.7, 27.1, 34.5, 36.2, 39.2, 40.0, 41.1, 48.8, 60.3, 167.8, 170.1, 172.6, 174.5.

~XAMP~LE 11 Inhibition of TNF-ox Release by T-cells The following example demonstrates the selective in vitro inhibition of T-cell TNE-cx secretion, as compared to TNF-B and IFN-,y secretion, by Compound 1.

_UII~ WO 95/06031 IPCT/I)IS94/09343 Human peripheral blood T-cells were purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by rosetting with 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide-treated sheep erythrccytes. After hypotonic lysis of sheep erythrocytes, monocytes were depleted by plastic adherence for one hour at 37 The peripheral blood T-cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3) which was immobilized on the culture wells at 10 gtg/ml in PBS plus 10 ng/ml of the phorbol ester, PMA. Culture medium comprised RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine scrum, 50 U/ml penicillin, and 50 ipg/ml streptomycin. The stimulation was performed in the presence or absence of the inhibitor Compound 1 (200 gM), and TNF-a in the medium was assayed by ELISA. Results are shown in Table I.

TABLE I Effect of Compound 1 on Cvtokine Production by Peripheral Blood T Cells TNF-ox (p/ml) 3 Hrs. 24 Hrs. 48 Hrs.

with Compound 1 t 100 300 without Compound 1 100 325 800 TNF-B (pg/ml) with Compound 1 t 160 1050 without Compound I t 160 830 IFN-y (ELISA OD) with Compound 1 0.2 0.9 1.08 without Compound 1 0.3 0.65 1.15 t undetectable After 3 hours, there was 100 pg/ml of TNF-a in the medium of cells without Compound 1 and no detectable TNF-a in the medium of cells with 200 p.M of Compound 1.

At 24 and 48 hours, Compound 1 inhibited TNF-a release by 72% and 63%, respectively, while there was no inhibitory effect on the release of TNF-B or interferon-y. Compound 1 clearly demonstrates selective inhibition of TNF-a secretion and has no effect on either TNF-B or interferon-y secretion.

EXAMPLE 12 Compound 1 Induced Increase in Cell Surface TNF-a on PMA+Ionomycin-Stimulated Human T-cells This example describes the effects of Compound 1 on cell surface TNF-a for human T-cells which have been stimulated by PMA and ionomycin.

'L II II_ WO 95/06031 PCIT/JS94109343 The alloreactive human T-cell clone, PL-I, does not express cell surface TNF-a in the absence of stimulation. However, after stimulation with PMA plus ionomycin, cell surface TNF-a, as well as the ligands for CD40 and 41BB, are rapidly induced on the cell surface. Detection of cell surface TNF-a was performed by staining with an Fc fusion protein consisting of an Fc portion of a human IgGI molecule (lgGFc) coupled with an extracellular domain of TNF receptor (p80). Detection of cell surface ligands for 4113 and was performed by staining with analogous Fc fusion proteins consisting of IgGFc and extracellular domains of l1BB and CD40, respectively. A fusion molecule consisting of IgGFe and the extrr.:d!lular portion of the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R:Fc) was utilized as a negative control for staining, since PL-1 cells do not express cell-surface IL-4 in response to PMA stimulation. TNFR:Fc and IL-4R:Fc fusion proteins are described in EP 0 464 533, incorporated herein by reference. The same general procedures used to construct the TNFR:Fc and IL-4R:Fc fusion molecules were utilized in the construction of the 41BB:Fc and CD40:Fc molecules. Fe fusion proteins bound to their respective cell-surface ligands were then detected with a biotinylated anti-human IgGI followed by streptavidinphycoerythrin. The intensity of staining was measured by a FACS (fluorescence activated cell sorting) scan flow cytometer. The results are shown in Table II, TABLE II Effects of Compound 1 on Expression of Cell Surface TNF-ac, IL-4, 41BBL and CD40L on PMA and lonomvcin-Stimulated Human T-Cells (MFI, arbitrary units) TNF-a 41BBL CD40L IL-4 No stimulation 10 10 10 4h after stimulation Compound 1 3040 344 107 Compound 1 83 428 107 18h after stimulation Compound 1 616 9 46 Compound 1 7 5 19 The specificity of Compound 1 for increasing cell surface TNF-a is apparent. Cells stimulated with PMA and ionomycin for four hours in the presence of Compound 1, followed by staining with TNFR:Fc as described above, displayed a MFI of 3040 as compared to 83 in the absence of Compound 1. The effect of Compound 1 was specific for TNFR:Fc binding as no increase on 41BB:Fc or CD40:Fc binding was detected. A substantial increase in cell-surface TNF-ca resulted in a 100-fold increase in TNFR:Fc P ~IM M WO 95116031 P'T/0,1894/093,13 binding in the presence of Compound 1 (MFI was 616) as compared to an MFI of 7 in absence of Compound 1, after 18 hours of stimulation. Under the same conditions, 41BB:Fc and CD40:Fc binding were enhanced only approximately 2-fold.

EXAMPLE 13 In vivo Inhibition of TACE 500 tg Compound A Dmpound 1 versus control Female Balb/c ic '(18-20g) were injected i.v. with 400 Ig of LPS.

Simultaneously, the mice were injected subcutaneously with 500 LEg of Compound A or Compound 1 in 0.5 ml of saline containing 0.02% DMSO. Control mice received LPS intravenously and saline/DMSO subcutaneously. Two hours following the LPS injection, serum was obtained and pooled from two mice in each treatment group. TNF-a levels were determined by ELISA and are shown in the following Table II.

TABLE III Comparison of 500 'g Each of Compound 1 versus Compound A on LPS-lnduced Serum TNF Levels in Balb/c Mice (pg/ml) Compound 1 Compound A Saline/DMSO Serum TNF-a level undetectable 65 157 Compound 1 inhibits the secretion of TNF-a at least by 80%, and essentially by 100%, as the TNF-a levels were undetectable. Comparatively, Compound A reduced serum TNF-a levels by approximately 60% as compared to the saline/DMSO control.

In a similar manner to the procedure described above, mice were injected i.v. with 400 itg LPS. Simultaneously, the mice were injected subcutaneously with 500 p.g Compound 1 in 0.5 ml saline containing 0.02% DMSO. Two hours later, serum was obtained and pooled. TNF-a levels were determined by ELISA. Results are shown in Table IV in pg/ml.

.TABLE IV Effect of 500 p.e Compound 1 on LPS-Induced Serum TNF Levels in Balb/c Mice (pg/ml) Experiment No. LPS Cpmd 1 LPS only LPS Saline 1 301 1696 1268 2 269 2527 1768 3 281 1833 1732

II

II III I WO 95/06031 Pc'TwIs9/093,13 In experiment 1, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by 82% as compared to TNF-a levels in mice that received LPS only. As compared to mice that received LPS saline, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by 76%. In experiment 2, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by 89% as compared to TNF-a levels in mice that received LPS only. As compared to mice that received LPS saline, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by 85%. In experiment 3, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by as compared to TNF-a levels in mice that received LPS only. As compared to mice that received LPS saline, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by 84%. Overall, Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-a levels by 85.4 2.98% as compared to TNF-a levels in mice that received LPS only. From Tables III and IV, Compound 1 effectively reduces serum TNF-a levels by at least 80% when administered at 25 mg/kg in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis syndrome.

250 .g Compound A versus Compound 1 versus control Female Balb/c mice (18-20g) were injected i.v. with 450 glg of LPS.

Simultaneously, the mice were injected subcutaneously with 250 pg of Compound A or Compound 1 in 0.25 ml of saline containing 0.02% DMSO. Control mice received LPS intravenously and saline/DMSO subcutaneously. Two hours following the LPS injection, serum was obtained from three mice in each treatment group. TNF-a levels were determined by ELISA. The results are expressed as the mean optical density (OD) obtained in the ELISA from each treatment group, and are shown in Table V. The background OD of the control sample was 0.162 0.003.

TABLE V Comparison of 250 up Each of Compound 1 versus Compound A on LPS-Induced Serum TNF Levels in Balb/c Mice LPS+Saline LPS+Saline+DMSO Cmpd I+DMSO Cmpd A+DMSO 0.271 0.022 0.268 0.040 0.147 0.004 0.299 0.023 Table V illustrates the effect of Compound 1 and Compound A on inhibiting serum TNF-a release in LPS-stimulated mice. Compound 1 reduced serum TNF-ca levels to those of the control, thereby indicating a complete inhibition of TNF-a secretion at 250 p.g/ml.

Compound A had no effect in reducing serum TNF-a levels as shown by the similarlity in OD readings between LPS+Saline, LPS+Saline+DMSO, and Compound A.

I I -L I WO 95/06031 PCTsiNi094/0943 EXAMPLE 14 Serum stability of Compound A and Compound 1 Each of Compound 1 and Compound A was diluted to 50 t.M in normal mouse serum and incubated at 37C. At various times, aliquots were withdrawn, diluted 100-fold into ice-cold PBS, and tested for inhibitory efficacy against purified TACE. After minutes, Compound A showed a decrease in inhibitory effect corresponding to a 3-4 fold loss in concentration of the compound, and Compound 1 showed no decrease in inhibitory effect.

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3 0

OH

0 NHS, DCC, THF 0

CH

3 Oj, OSuoc.

0 WO 95/06031 11(17118941/09.143 SCHEME-2-Oontinued 0 OLOSUCCHOI -H 2 N-CN OMF, Et 3 N 1. BZ-HN-ON 1, BH 3 S(0H 3 2

THF

CBZ-HN-CN o. B-N-N2 HCI (ie) 2. HCI (if)

OH

3 BOO-HN -L.-.OSucc.

0 Et 3

N

OH

3 BO-N4 N-N-B o

OH

3

H

BO-N1--N HCZ 0 1. 0F 3 C0 2 H, 0H 2 C1 2 2. NaQHaq.

OH

3 i H 0 1. iBuOCOCI,4-methylmorpholine, DMF 0 BOO-HN,-. b. BOO-HN- UL OH 2 4-methylmorpholine, DMF u

OH

3 s H N -3 NIr NH-OBZ HO0

LO

0 OH 3

H

BOO-H N-JL N1N-NH-BZ H 0 1. CF 3 00 2 H, CH 2 C1 2 (El 2. NaOHaq. m 0 CH 3 j-H

H

2 N,ALN -rN-H-B H HO W(O 9.5/0603 loc,01189,0193,13 SCHEME-2-Oontinued 0H 3 0i OSuco.

0 0 H 0 CH 3

H

CH

3 Oi N-AN1 N- HC3 0H 0 E:t 3 N (s DMF,E 0 H0 HO-HNV, N -JL 0 ~H2,Pd /C,

/H

2 N-OH, CH 3

H,

KOH

OH.

3

H

N--N--NH-CBZ

H 0 UW2) 0 HO HO-HN4

OH

3

H

0 WO 95106034 9~5lO6),(Oi'"Il/ I(189-1/03111 SCHEME 3 T~ 0,Na+ BzI-Br, DMF o 0 (2a) 0To (Zl o,) Ph 3

P=CH-CO

2

CH

3

CH

2

CI

2 0

CH

3 0 0 HO0 (2b)

CH

3 0 HO0 (2b)

H

2 Pd/C, CH 3 0H

O

SCH

3 O

OH-

0 0

CH

3 0,L OH 0 NHS, DCC, THF

CH

3 Oiy~ .OSucc.

(2 )6 wo 95/06031 PIA18J94/09.4d3 SCHEME-3-Continued 0

BOC-HN.--

3

L-OH

1. NHS, DCC, THF 2. BOC-HN

UNH

2 HOI dioxane

HO-HN-"

(91)

NH

2 1, EI 3 N, DMF 2. H 2 N-OH, KOH,

CH

3

Q-H

HCI H 2 N.-JL NH 2 (8b 1. Et 3 N, D MF 2. H 2 N-OH, KOH,

CH

3 0H HO-Hiy-_I N NH (3) VTAIS9.1/09343 lw O 9.1IO/(~ I SCHEME 4

>L

0 3L-,.r~OH 0 0 OH 3 BOC-HN-rlNLrH HO0 NHS, DCC, TI-IF 1. TFA 2, EI 3 N, DMF (4 0 0 0 Hi 0 OH 3 HO1 N N ~rN H2 0 H0 O~I (4) 0 H 0 OH 3 '1O-HNr(N NLr N H2 0 HO O~I (4)

H

2 Pd on C, HOAc 1. iBuOCOCI, DMF, 4-methylmorpholifle 2. BzI-O-NH 2 0 H 0 OH 3

H

0 N N J T N H H 0 m WO 95/06031 N IMS9.1/093-1.1 SCHEME 0 BOC-HN,--

O

1. iBuOCOCI, 4-methylmorpholine, N H 2, 4-methylmorpholine

WM

CBZ-N NH-CBZ O CH3 H BOC-HN N H-B ni Hr 0

ANH

CBZ-N NH-CBZ

CF

3 00 2 H, CH 2

CI

2 2. NaOHaq.

0 CH3 H

H

2

N-

1 L- H- H 0 N H C BZ- N e ,NH-CBZ I(1d) Et 3 N, DMF H 0 CH3 H ll N N -~--NH-CBZ

CH

3 0- WO 95/060)31 II(Ill 1894109.14.1 SCH o H 0 CH3 H 0H 3 0i- N N-B N H CBZ-N// NH-CBZ

H

2 N-OH, CH 3

OH,

KOH

0 H 0 CH3 H HO-H Ni -J-JLH-B 0 H 0 ~N NH CBZ-N' N H-CBZ

H

2 Pd C,

CH

3 OH, HCaq, O CH3 H JLN N ~NH 2 H 0 NH 2HCI H N' INH 2 WO 95/06031 11CIA1894/093,13 SCHEME 6 0 BOC-HN

-JL

5 N0

L

NH-CBZ

E

-alanine amide -H .t 3 N, DMF 0

CH

3

H

B0C-HN-U-.L.N-L1-NH H H c(ia

NH-.CBZ

1, TFA, CH 2

CI

2 2. Ws), EI 3 N, DMF 0 H 0 OH 3

CH

3 Oi NJLN L~NH 2 H 0

NH-CBZ

H 0-H N (WA (aB

H

2 N-OH, CH 3

OH,

KOH

H

2 Pd on C, CH 3 0H 0 OH 3 NL N~ NH2 H 0

NH-CBZ

(W)

.WO 95A/O603l ''I$'4O3 ip CTI t J 89-1/0934.1 SCHEME 7 0 BOC-HN Lo N0 O-Bzl 0 C H 3 ~rNH2

H

l~c Q(7-a 0-BzI alanine amide -F ~t 3 N, DMF 1. TFA, CH 2

CI

2 0 H 0 CH 3

CH

3 H 0 (7b) 0-BzI

CH

3 -T

NH

2

HO-HN

(Z) H 2 N-OH, CH 3

OH,

KOH

H

2 Pd on C, CH 3 0H 0

H

CH

3

HO-HN,

0-BzI 7-a) WO 95/06031 WO 9/0631 IVU$N9/093.i3 SCHEME 8 0 BOC-HN

-JL.OH

1. iBuOCOCI, 4-methylmorpholine, DMF 2. L-(Q-banzyl)-serine amide, 4-methylmorpholine, DMF O-BzI BOH- N 1. CF 3 C0 2 H, CH 2

C!

2 2. NaOHaq, 0 O-Bl 0 OBzI DMF, Et 3 N 2N NH JNJ4N 2 H 0i~

H

2 N-OH, CH 3

OH,

KOH

HO-HN,

O-Bzl N4NH 2 H 0 10d)

H

2 Pd on C, HOAc (j-0) *WO 951060)31 1'(1117089,1109.101.1 SCHEME 9 0 BOO-H N -JL OH 0 C.N~H-CH BOO-HN N

H-

H0 1. iBuOCOCI, 4-methylmorpholine, DMF 2. L-alanine, methytamide HO!, 4-methylmorpholine, DMF (Ila) 1. TFA 2. EI 3 N, DMF

H

3

__.NH-OH

3

CH

3 0, 11 b)

H

2 N-OH, C3H

KOH

O OH 3 H H

WII

HO-H N WO 95/06031 WO 9~/OO~ 7/089,11093-13 SCHEME HO NH

H'

Et0 2 CO, NaOCH 3 A; 74% Ok NH (1 2a) L Valinol

COOH

SOC1 2 A; 81% Cool 4-Methylvaleric acid (1 2b) 0 A NH H l (1 2a) a) nBuLi ,THF, 00C b) 12b -78*C 0

N

(I 2c) O 0 H' (1 2c) a) LDA, OTC b) allyl bromide 100% (1 2d) 0 0-

HW

(12e) (1 2d) /O-Li THF, 00C; 85% Ok NH

H'

-40% recovery WO 95/061131 95I~6(~WV( ri SM9.1913 SCHEME-i 0-Continued (I 2e) RuCI 3 NaIO 4

CH

3 CN, 0014, H' 2 0 (1 2f) a) CH 2 Np, Et 2

O

b) H 2 Pd /C CH 3 0H 89%

CO

2

CH

3 (1 C)

I

Claims (21)

1. A compound of the formula: 0 0 II II X-[CH]m-CH-C-N-CH-C-[A]n-N-B-NH2 I I HI H R 1 R 2 R3 wherein: X is hydroxamic acid. phosphoryl or carboxyl; m is 0, 1 or 2; R 1 R 2 and R 3 each independent of the other is hydrogen, alkylene(cycloalkyl), OR 4 SR 4 N(R 4 )(R 5 halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl, C1 to C8 alkylenearyl, aryl, a protected or unprotected side chain of a naturally occurring a-amino acid; or the group -R 6 R 7 wherein R 6 is substituted or unsubstituted C1 to Cg alkyl and R 7 is OR 4 SR 4 N(R 4 )(R 5 or halogen, wherein R 4 and R 5 are each, independent of the other, hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C8 alkyl; n is 1 or 2; provided that when n is 1, A is a protected or an unprotected a-amino acid radical; when n is 2, A is the same or different protected or unprotected a-amino acid radical; and B is unsubstituted or substituted C2 to C8 alkylene; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein B is C2 to C6 alkylene.

3. A compound according to claim 2, wherein B is dimethylene.

4. A compound according to claim 1, wherein X is hydroxamic acid. A compound according toetlaim--3 wherein X is hydroxamic acid.

A

6. A compound according to claim 5, wherein R 1 is hydrogen. 61 IIL~L L--

7. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein R 2 is C 1 to Co alkyl or a C, to C6 alkylenearyl.

8. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein R 3 is selected from the group consisting of C, to C, alkyl, C, to C6 alkylenephenol, C, to C, alkylene(cycloalkyl) or C, to C6 alkylenearyl.

9. A compound according to claim 8, wherein R 3 is C, to C6 alkyl.

A compound according to claim 9, wherein R 3 is t-butyl.

11. A compound according to claim 13, wherein R 3 is methylenephenol.

12. A compound according to claim 8, wherein R 3 is C 1 to C6 alkylenearyl.

13. A compound according to claim 12, wherein R 3 is methylene-(2'-naphthyl).

14, A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein A is an alanyl or seryl radical, and n is 1,

15. A compound according to claim 14, wherein A is alanyl, and n is 1. 15

16. The compound according to claim 1, which is N-{D,L-2-(hydroxyamino- carbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanoyl}-L-3-(2'-naphthyl)alanyl-L-alanine, 2-(amino)ethyl amide.

17. The compound according to claim 1, which is N-{D,L-2-(hydroxyamino- carbonyl)methyl-4-methylpentanoyl}-L-3-amino-2-dimethylbutanoyl-L-alanine, 2- 20 (amino)ethyl amide.

18. A pharmaceutical composition for treating TNF-a related disorders, °conditions or diseases including a compound according to claim 1 as the active component.

19. A pharmaceutical composition for treating TNF-a related disorders, conditions or diseases including a compound according to claim 1 and a protein having TNF-a binding activity.

A compound according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of examples 1 to 14. L~ L 63

21. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18 or claim 19, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of examples 1 to 14. DATED: 1 December, 1997 PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Patent Attorneys for: IMMUNEX CORPORATION *ee *S *o e o I- I m~ INTIZ1NATI'ONA L 814AIZCXX I RPOW11' Int ,tiotif aplicatimi Nit FPCT/tJS94/09343 A. CLASSIFiI CATI ON OF SUIli EC MATTER IPC(6) ;Please4 See ExtrA Sheet. US C1L :Please See Extra Sheet. According to International Patent Class1ification (IPC) or to both national classification and [PC It. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) U.S. 562/621. 623, 514/616 Docurncntation searchcd other than minimum documcntiof to the extent that such documents are included in the fields searched NONE Electronic data base consulted during the international search (name of data basc and, where practicable. search terms used) CAS Online C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BIE RELEVANT Category* Citation of document, With indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No. Y USIA 4,918,105 (Cartwright et al) 17 April 1990, columin 2, 1-36 lines 45-65. Y EP, A, 0274453 (Lab Bellon) 06 January 1987, see abstract. 1-36 Y WO,A, 86/03747 (Ciba Geigy) 19 December 1985, see 1-36 Abstract. Y EPA, 0,498,665 (British Bio-Technology Limited) 07 1-36 February 1991, page 1, formual 1. Y W ,A 92/22523 (Research Corporation Technology Inc.) 23 1-36 December 1992, page 1, formula 1. Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C. 1 See patent family annex. Special categories of cited documents: *r later document pubiaWse after the internatiooal iling date or prornty date and not in conflict with the aplication but cited tn underutand the W documntdefmning the general state of the art which is not considered principle or thonty underlying the iovcntion to be of particular relevance E irler ocuentpubishd o oraftr te iteratinalCitng ate X. document of particular relevanc; the claimed invention cannot be ilingdateconsidered novel or cannot be conaklered to involve an inventive step -L document which may throw doubts on priority citin(s) or which is whent the document is taken alone cited to establish the publication date of another citation or other oinn fpriua eeace h lie neto antb specia1 reaaon (a specifired) dcmnofpriua lvnethcamdivnincnotb cosidered to involve an inventive step when the document is document referring to an oral disclosure, use. ethibitioni or other combined with one or more other such documents. such combination ineans being obvious to a person skilled in the art Tp* document published prior to th iternation&al tolig dat but lae Whn document member of the same patent family the priority date claimed Date of the actual completion of the international search Date of mailing of t e international search report 29 NOVEMBER 1994 419 Name and mailing address of the ISAIUS Authoriz ffli Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks jr Box PcT A M IJRI LWashington. D.C. 20231 Facsimile No. (703) 305-3230 Teleph ne No. 73-308-13 Form PCT/ISA/210 (second sheet)(July 1992)* IN1'EOINAVE1ONA1 4 S1000C1 REOR mnTUS394109343 A. CLASSIFICATION OF SU13ECT MATTZR IPC C07C 317/44,,333/34; 237/44; AOIN 37/18; A61K 37/18 A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER: US CL! 562/621, 6323; 514/610 Fonn PCT/ISAI2IO (extra sheet)(iuly 1992)*