AU647409B2

AU647409B2 - Colourdynamic decorative material

Info

Publication number: AU647409B2
Application number: AU62504/90A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Andrei Alexeevich Feist; Nikolai Valentinovich Sheremetiev
Original assignee: KOOPERATIV MERKURY; VNESHNEEKONOMICHESKAYA ASSOTSI
Current assignee: TOVARISCHESTVO S OGRANICHENNOI OTVETSTVENNOSTJU NAUCHNOVNEDRENCHESKAYA I PROEKTNO-PROIZVODSTVENNAYA "RASTR F LTD" Firma; VNESHNEEKONOMICHESKAYA ASSOTSIATSIA "ISTOK"
Priority date: 1989-03-17
Filing date: 1990-09-13
Publication date: 1994-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2010-09-13
Also published as: EP0425670A4; JPH03505711A; JPH0788119B2; AU6250490A; CA2025387A1; EP0425670A1

Description

6 A-/t 7 o,,i'4C S F Ref: 141464 FORM COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION

(ORIGINAL)

FOR OFFICE USE: Class Int Class Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Published: Priori ty: Related Art: *66* 0 0 5 0

S

S* S

S

SO

S

S.

*r 0

S

Name and Address of Applicant: Kooperativ "Merkury" Moskovskaya oblast Mytischi poselok Druzhba ulitsa 3 Parkovaya, 1 UNION SOVIET SOC. REPUBLICS Vneshneekonomicheskaya Assotsiatsia "Istok" Bolshoi Tishinsky pereulok, 26 stroenie 14 Moscow UNION SOVIET SOC, REPUBLICS Spruson Ferguson, Patent Attorneys Level 33 St Martins Tower, 31 Market Street Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia Address for Service: @5 S

S

55 5 0 Complete Specification for the invention entitled: Colourdynamic Decorative Material The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us 5845/3 COLOURDYNAMIC DECORATIVE MATERIAL The present invention relates to the field of construction, architecture and design and in particular to a decoratis" finishing of external and internal surfaces of buildings and structur.e. The invention may also be used in the development of design of lighting fixtures, stained-glass panels, decorative crockery and othe articles in whose finishing use is made of translucent materials.

In the construction industry the invention allows the manufacturing of various construction and finishing articles and materials made primarily of glass, such as colourdynamic finishing glass plates, glass block, glass shapes, decorative stained-glass panels etc., as well as ceramic, concrete, polymeric and other decorative articles and materials in combinations with sheet translucent materials, individual translucent elements or translucent coatings.

There is known a decorative material with a colourdynamic texture surface in which differently oriented sections of the surface of each three-dimensional elements have different colours and/or different optlcal properties, while similarly oriented (in one direction) sections of the surface have a similar colour and/or similar optical properties.

A disadvantage of decorative materials with a colourdynamic surface o consists in that their highly-developed texture readily accumulates dirt.

To overcome his disadvantage use may be made of a translucent protective layer with a smooth face, which sometimes causes some decrease in colourdynamic activity of the material due to the refraction of light beams in the translucent layer which gives rise to the necessity (in order to preserve the activity) to increase the texture factor of the internal colour carrying surface. However, the texture factor increase is not always possible and expedient. For instance, the manufacture of pressed e ceramic tiles with a high texture factor is hindered by sticking of the ceramic mass in the process of pressing, Apart from the above-mentioned disadvantage the specific features of o. decorative materials with a colourdynamic texture surface themselves impose fundamental limitations on the nature of the colourdynamic effect observed. For instance, with single change of a visual angle at a colourdynamic texture surface in one plane in the range from 0 to 180 0

C

the surface may successively look as red, orange, yellow, green and blue.

However, only one fixed visual angle at the surface will correspond to each colour, due to which the given colour line can not principally be repeated two or three times in succession under given conditions of perception.

LHP:0516P There is known a facing panel covered with decorative balls. The panel includes a fibrous material bonded to the primer with coloured balls from 1.0 to 2.38 mm in diameter spread in disorder and the balls from 1.14 to 4.00 mm in diameter made of a material with a light-tightness factor of per cent and more, arranged on the upper surface in one layer and interconnected by means of a cement mortar. In this case, the translucent balls of the upper surface, of the face as well as the coloured balls beneath, are arranged in disorder.

The decorative effect is ensured in this case by the operation of the translucent balls forming an external layer of the panel as a chaotic raster optical elements and focusing different visual angles on different sections of the internal surface containing fibrous materials with coloured balls, In so doing, if an optical element, the translucent ball is focused on any colour, say, red ball of the internal surface, this optical element, functioning as a lens, increases for an observer the coloured ball thus acquiring red colour itself. Similarly, at the same moment, the other 0**0 balls of the external layer may acquire green, yellow, blue and other colours if they are focused on the internal balls of respective colours.

This is how colour flickering effect of the panel is obtained. The effect is produced by the "flashing" of different coloured points on the panel *i when viewed from different angles of view. In so doing, each point changes 0. its colour with the change of the angle of view.

'*0O Considered as a drawback of this solution should be a fact that the given decorative effect can be percepted only from the relatively small distances for which the balls of the panel external layer remain individually different as independent elements. As soon as the balls stop being discernible, the decorative effect practically disappears. The explanation lies in the fact that the total summary colour of the panel, determined by an additional mixing of colours of all the point colour elements rerains constant for all possible angles of view, since the disorderly arrangement of the colour balls provides an equal probability of focusing the optical elements on the balls of one particular colour for all possible points of view. Thus, through the panel construction allows obtaining the decorative colour flickering effect when the panel is viewed at different visual angles from small distances, this solution fails to provide the decorative colourdynamic effect, an integral change of the panel surface colour irrespective of the distance of its observation with the changing angle of vision.

The invention resides in obtaining an active colourdynamic effect Nln.

LHP:0516P materials both provided and not provided with a colourdynamic textured surface, and improving the material external surface characteristics.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention there is provided a decorative colourdynamic material comprising a substrate which has sections of different colour and/or optical properties on at least one surface thereof and at least one translucent protective layer located above said surface or surfaces, at least one side of which layer has three-dimensional translucent optical elements of different colour and/or optical properties so arranged in relation to said surface that sections which are similar in colour and/or optical properties on said surface and said layer correspond.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention there is provided a decorative colourdynamic material comprising a substrate which has sections of different colour and/or optical properties on at least one surface thereof and at least one translucent protective layer located above said surface or surfaces, at least one side of which layer has equidistantly spaced alternating translucent and opaque sections so E i arranged in relation to said surface that sections which are similar in colour and/or optical properties on said surface correspond to said opaque sections on said layer.

In this solution the colour dynamic surface may be both textured and colourdynamic and textureless, smooth, but the best effect is achieved when the arrangement of the similar in colour and/or optical properties sections of the colourcarrying surface relative to the closest optical elements of the protective layer arranged S. above them is repeated for all similar optical elements.

In this case, a decorative material with the colour-carrying surface sections of a similar colour and/or similar optical properties and the translucent protective layer optical elements periodically arranged have a number of production and decorative advantages.

The colourdynamic decorative moire effect is ensured due to the difference of arrangement period of the similar in colour sections of the colour-carrying surface and the arrangement period of the protective layer optical elements in one or several directions, It is also desirable .that in all versions of embodiment of a decorative colourdynamic raster material the colour-carrying surface should have the sections of at least three different colours and/or their different optical properties. Moreover, in order to achieve a qualitative colour separation, it is desirable that the minimum distance between the most distant points of the colour-carrying surface and the translucent protective layer external surface should exceed a double focal length of the optical elements and be no less than half the size of the opaque sections of the protective layer.

A smooth surface of different roll and other texture-less materials with a flat colour raster printed on tlhem is used as a colour-carrying surface, it is expedient, in order to ensure a precise alignment of the colour raster elements with the optical elements of the 3 of 3 translucent protective layer, to make the colour-carrying surface perforated in the form of multiple holes and provide the translucent protective layer with fixing pins arranged on its internal side. In so doing, the shape, dimensions and layout of the holes should comply with the shape, dimensions and arrangement of the protective layer fixing pins intended to enter respective hole.

Arranged on the translucent layer instead of the three-dimensional optical elements and in a similar manner may be alternating translucent, opaque and semitranslucent sections, Such material also possesses all the advantages inherient in optical elements, but the protective layer surface remains smooth.

The invention will now be explained with reference to a detailed description thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein: Figure 1 is a sectional view of a fragment of a colourdynamic material made of foam concrete and shaped glass with foam-concrete texture surface and a glass protective layer with optical elements; Figure 2 is a sectional view of a fragment of a raster colourdynamic material made in the form of glazed concrete tile with an irregular colourdynamic texture surface and optical elements made of a translucent glaze; :Figure 3 is a sectional view of a fragment of a colourdynamic ceramic tile comprising a regular colourdynamic texture surface and a translucent protective layer with optical elements made in the form of glass balls; Figure 4 is a fragment of a face of a glass colourdynamic facing tile with lenticular optical elements; Figure 5 is a sectional view of Figure 4 taken at Y-Y; Figure 6 is a fragment of a glass tile lower surface illustrated in Figures 4, 5 with the texture three-dimensional elements whose sides have different colours; Figure 7 is a fragment of a face of a colourdynamic glass tile with alternating translucent and opaque sections; figure 8 is a sectional view of Figure 7 taken at YIII-YIII; Figure 9 is a fragment of the face of a colourdynamic raster glass tile with lenticular optical elements; Figure 10 is a sectional view of Figure 9 taken at X-X; Figure 11 is a fragment of a surface of a flat colour raster backing made of cardboard; Figure 12 is a fragment of the face of a raster glass tile with LHP:0516P alternating translucent and opaque sections; Figure 13 is a sectional view of Figure 12 taken at XIII-XIII; Figure 14 is a sectional view of a fragment of a glass facing tile with optical elements periodically arranged on the face plane and the texture three-dimensional elements arranged on the rear surface and having differently coloured sides whose period of arrangement differs from that of the optical elements.

Convex formations of lenticular, prismatic, pyramidal or any other shape made of glass or other translucent material are referred to in the present application as three-dimensional optical elements.

Any three-dimensional optical elements are capable to a certain extent of focusing the light flux, operating optically as a lens; therefore, in discussing the design and operating principle of a colourdynamic material with optical elements use can be made of materials provided with lenticular elements.

When a colourdynamic texture surface is used as a colour-carrying one S"1* the arrangement of optical elements relative to colour three-dimensional texture elements may in a general case be arbitrary.

i; Illustrated in Figure 1 is a sectional view of a fragment of raster colourdynamic decorative material made of foam concrete and shaped glass.

The material comprises a colourdynamic texture surface 1 formed by irregularly arranged concrete surface texture elements whose similarly oriented sections have a similar colour creating a colourdynanic effect, and a translucent protective layer 3 with lenticular optical elements 4.

The protective layer 3 has a smooth face 5. The translucent layer 3 is fe** made in the form of relief glass sheet bonded or otherwise secured to the foam-concrete plate around the edges.

When looking at this material at the angles close to the direct angle, almost frontally relative to its external surface a colour decorative flickering effect of the surface similar to that occuring on the facing panel covered with glass balls will take place.

Due to an irregular arrangement of the optical elements 4 relative to the texture elements 2, different optical elements will focus on the *0 differing in colour sections of the colourdynamic surface 1, with a probability of focusing of each element on some particular colour section being equal for all colour sections.

However, as an angle formed by the observer's line of vision and the surface of the material decreases, the number of the optical elements 4 focused on the sections of one particular colour Increases, due to the fact LHP:0516P that the internal colour-carrying surface itself is a colourdynamic one, oriented in the colour respect, all the optical elements viewed at some angle will take the colour of the one-colour sections they have focused upon. It is essential that the colourdynamic effect, the effect of an integral change of the material surface colour taking place with the change of the angle of view is observed in this case from any distances, including the distances from which individual optical raster elements are no longer discernible.

Besides, due to the focusing action of the optical element, the colour changing activity of the material increases relative to the material with an identical colourdynamic texture and a plane-parallel translucent layer having no optical elements, and with the optical elements geometry and distance between the translucent layer and colour-carrying surface respectively selected, a decorative material possessing a higher decorative-colour activity than that of the colourdynamic texture surface can be obtained.

In this case, the texture factor of the material external face may be 1 equal to unity in the case, when this face is smooth as in a material shown in Figure 1, or be very insignificant, several times smaller than the texture factor of the internal colour-carrying surface in the case, when the optical elements are arranged on the translucent protective layer external surface which ensures the improvement of tte material performance characteristics.

A possibility of obtaining the precise and consistent colour separation for all possible visual angles and points is most desirable, The possibility can be materialized by an uniform arrangement of the colour sections of the colour-carrying surface relative to the closet optical elements arranged directly over them. In this case, the regularity of both the internal colour-carrying surface and the external one formed by the optical elements is not compulsory, but the irregularity or regularity of S the internal surface should be, respectively, repeated in this case by the 9, regularity or irregularity of the external surface, A relative correspondence in the arrangement of the colour sections and optical elements which is necessary for obtaining the consistent colour separation can be achieved through a series of techniques and processes.

Illustrated in Figure 2 is a sectional view of a colourdynamic material made In the form of glazed tile. The material comprises an Irregular colourdynamic texture surface 6 with all three-dimensional elements 7 of the texture painted with colour glazed in different colours LHP:0516P on different sides in such a way that the similarly oriented sides of the elements have a similar colour, and a system of optical elements 8 made of translucent glaze and forming a descretely interrupted translucent protective layer. The optical elements 8 may be obtained as result of application of a special coating to the peaks of the texture three-dimensional elements. The coating protects the texture elements from moistening during roasting and causes the formation of translucent glaze drops which function as the optical elements 8. Thus, a well-defined relative correspondence in the arrangement of the three-dimensional elements 7, the colourdynamic surface and optical elements 8 is obtained.

This ensures the colour separation consistency, the increase of the material colour changing activity aru improvement of preformance characteristics of the material external face plane at the expense of its texture factor decrease.

Illustrated in Figure 3 is a sectional view of colourdynamic ceramic tile. The tile comprises a colourdynamic surface 10 obtained by pressing with the use of relief punch followed by colouring the texture three-dimensional elements in different colours from different sides, and optical elements 11 made in the shape of glass balls. The latter are strewn over the surface of the tile in one layer, in doing so, the b als are so selected so far as size concerned that each ball fills one of the cells of the colourdynamic texture surface. After all the cells have been filled, the tile is subjected to heat treatment as a result of which the balls are fixed by fusing to one another and to the surface of the tile.

The fusing of the balls causes the formation of new face 12, shown by dash-and-dot lines in Figure 3, with a lower texture factor than that of the initial surface formed by balls, Apart from this method, other methods of securing the glass balls to the texture surface, for instance, with the aid of a translucent cement.

o Since the invention can not be materialized without a translucent material, it is quite naturally to apply it in the production of glass finishing materials. In this case, the rear surface of a translucent layer may be use as colour-carrying surface.

Figure 4 and 5 represent a fragment of the face of a colourdynamic facing glass tile and a sectional view of the latter, The external surface of the tile is formed by reticulent optical elements 13, while its colourdynamic surface 14 is formed by pyramidal three-uimensional elements 13 which have different colours on different sides, Figure 6 illustrates a fragment of the back surface 14 (shown in LHP:0516P Figures 4 and 5) of the tile formed by the three-dimensional elements 15 of the texture.

In this version of the manufacture of a colourdynamic material the problem of a well-defined relative correspondence in the arrangement of the colour sections and optical elements is solved in the simplest way since such a correspondence is ensured in the process of pressing the tile by relief punches and by colouring the back surface. Regarded as an advantage of this version is also a well-developed texture of the tile back surface which ensures a reliable cohesion with concrete or mortar during facing operations.

The mentioned-above principal limitedness of a colourdynamic effect occuring in colourdynamic texture surfaces not provided with optical elements is conditioned by the fact that in percepting such a surface one and only one fixed angle of view corresponds to each colour.

The structure of the colourdynamic material provided with optical elements allows to remove this limitation, thus sustentlally the scope of possibilities of obtaining deverse modifications of the colourdynamic effect.

This is achieved by the section of appropriate geometrical parameters of optical elements, in particular, their radius of curvature, and also by the selection of a necessary thickness of a translucent protective layer which makes it possible for each optical element to focus, in case of change of the angle of view, not only on the colour-carrying surface sections located directly under it, but also on the sections located under adjacent optical elements. Such a focusing is ensured, in particular, by the geometrical parameters of the plate whose sectional view is illustrated in Figure In case of such parameters three different angles of view, but not one will correspond to each colour, a colour series determined by S component colours will be repeated three times In succession In one of the planes in the range from 0 to 1800 There is also a second version of the technical solution ensuring the extension of the scope of possibilities of obtaining various modifications of the colourdynamic effect, Increasing the colour changing activity of the material and at the same time improving the performance characterized of Sts external surface.

This version is associated with the use of a translucent protective layer having alternating translucent and opaque ;ections. The opaque sections of the protective layer located at some distance from the LHP:0516P -8colour-carrying surface function as screens overlapping various colour sections of the internal colour-carrying surface at different angles of views thus excluding these sections from the colour perception.

For such a screening to ensure a colourdynamic effect by simultaneously overlapping all the sections of one colour, or all the sections of two, three and more colours, a correspondence in the relative arrangement of the screens and single-colour section of the colour-carrying surface, Illustrated in Figure 7 is a fragment of the face of a colourdyramic glass tile, and Figure 8 is a sectional view of Figure 7 taken at YII-YII.

Figure 6 illustrates a back texture colourdynamic surface 14 of the same tile, The external surface of the tile is formed by alternating translucent sections 16 and sections 17 (Figures 7, while the back surface is formed by three-dimensinal elements 15 (Figures 6, coloured in four different colours on its four different sides. Each opaque e&lement 17 (Figures 7, 8) may simultaneously overlap two different-in-colour sections of the back colour-carrying surface 14 (Figures 6, With, for instance, each element 15 of the back texture surface coloured on different sides red, green, yellow and blue the tile will look blue, green in case of overlapping at some angle of view the red and yellow sections by the screening sections 17, and, respectively, orange in case of overlapping the blue and green sections.

The opaque screening sections 17 (Figures 7, 8) may be obtained directly in the process of pressing the tile through the use of punches provided with a fine cut capable of producing a dull finish on the S respective sections of the surface and also by colouring the surface with the aid of stencils and using other methods. Like in the previous case, the back surface of the tile ensures its reliable securing with the aid of a special cement mortar at the expense of the well-developed texture.

The application of the solutions similar to the above-described ones, allows obtaining the decorative stained-glass panels, various glass shapes, glass blocks, etc. In the glass blocks, one of its internal surfaces and also a special glass raster colour plate sealed-in between two halves of a S block (which at the same time improves Its heat insulation properties due to the formation of two isolated air chambers) may function as a i. colour-carrying surface. In this case, the optical elements or opaque sections may be located both on the Internal and external surfaces of the block.

Apart form the glass materials, the invention makes it possible to LHPt0516P produce various sheet and roll raster colourdynamic materials on the basis of translucent polym e.s. With a colourdynamic texture surface used as colour-carrying one the role of an optical or screening raster formed by optical elements, or alternating opaque sections boils down to the a-ptlification and modifying of the already existing colourdynamic effect observed on the texture surface. But the optical and screening rasters may function not only as additional, but also as main colour separating systems. In this case, the colour-carrying surface may be made smooth in the form of flat colour raster, however, the correspondence of the relative arrangement of the colour-carrying surface sections and optical elements or protectiv.YLfay.e.opaque..sections ensuring the consistent colour separation becomes an ao condition. of obtaining the colourdynamic effect.

The use of a flat raster as a colour-carrying surface presents a number of serious advantages as compared with the use of the texture surfaces. The basic advantage consists in possibility of wide employment of a highly productive polygraphic and other well-known production processes allowing to obtain a colour-printing on paper, board, fabrics, flat ceramic plates, etc., and also on various synthetic, sheet, roll (including film) materials.

Like In all above-described cases, the colour-carrying surface may be formed in this case either directly on the translucent layer back surface or on the surface of other material with which the translucent layer is in this or that way connected, The first version can be most naturally applied in the production of Stranslucent raster film with a flat colour raster typographically printed on the back surface, and with optical elements or opaque sections formed on the face in the process of rolling. In the production of glass per piece and sheet materials, use can be made of a mechanized or automated colouring through a system of special stencils.

However, the second version in which a flat colour raster is formed on the surface of the other material and then combined with the translucent layer seems to be the most perspective, Since the correspondence in the relative arrangement of the colour-carrying surface sections and the elements of the external, optical or screening raster Is a necessary condition for obtaining the effect, the correspondence being faithfully maintained for all similar articles, the question on an unambiguous combination of the colour-carrying surface and translucent protective layer acquires a principal significance.

The problem of a precise and unambiguous combination may be solved by LHP:0516P using special fixing eleennts of two basic types referred to as perimetrical and raster or a combination of these two types of fixators.

The perimetrical fixators are applicable, mainly, in the production of per piece articles. For instance, a stamped ceramic tile with a flat colour raster formed on its smooth surface by the silk screen printing method may have around its periphery recesses coincident with projection of a thin raster glass plate provided with optical elements. The glass plate may be secured to the ceramic tile by bonding or perimetrical fusing of glass in the process of roasting.

The raster, multiple fixators favourably compare with the perimetrical ones in ensuring a higher combination accuracy and at the same time a high reliablility of securing the articles and materials to the surface for whose fasing they are intended.

Figure 9 illustrations a fragment of the face of a glass facing raster tile with lenticular optical elements 18. Figure 10 is sectional view of Figure 9 taken at X-X.

The sectional view demonstrates pins 18 located in pl&hi between the optical elements 18 (Figure? 9, 10) on the back surface of the tile (in Figure 9 fixing elements 19 are shown by dash,,a'd-dot line).

Figure 11 illustrates a surface of a colour raster backing 20 made of board. The backing 20 has differing-tlncolour printed sections 21, 22, 23, 24 and a perforation in the form of holes 25 (Figure 11), the diameter and S S layout of holes 25 being in compliance with the diameter and layout of the fixing elements (pins) 19 of the tile (Figures 9, 10). Figure 10 is a sectional view the combination of the raster backing 20 with the tile in which the pins 19 are inserted into holes 25 of the backing The raster backing 20 (Figures 10, 11) is bonded to the back surface of th( tile, but after facing a part of the wall with the tile using a special cement mortar in the backing becomes monolithic and insulated from tht setvironmental effects. In this caze, pins 19 (Figure 10) are also secured in the mortar and function as multiple raster anchors fixing reliably the til o f t? ~a1l.

In a similar manner is performed the combination of laye's and securing of a glass tile having on its n e 26 (Figures 12, 13) a multitude of opaque screening sections 27 (Figures 12, 13) alternating with 1 translucent sections 28. The glass tile is combined with the raster backing 20 (Figure 11) by pins 29 located on the back surface of the tile.

The tile is secured as in the case of the previous version. In the given version the opaque sections 27 (Figures 12, 13) can simultaneously screen LHP:0516P -11the sections of one of the component colours printed on the backing (Figure 1i).

The use of large-size perforated backings colour raster made of a specially iipregnated paper, board or synthetic film allows manufacturing not only Individual tiles, but also carpets made of them. In this case, the Iridividudl tiles are inserted with their fixing pins into respective holes and bonded to the roll backing which may have additional holes in the joints between the adjacent tiles.

When facing the wall panels with such carpets, a carpet is placed on the mould botton with the backing and pins upward. After placing the necessary fittings the mould is filled with concrete, the latter enters the additional holes located in the joints between the individual glass tiles and fills these joints from the face side thus insulating the backing from the atmospheric effects and providing for an additional securing of the tile, To protect the face side of the glass tiles having convex optical elements from the cement mortar, the tiles zre provided with a thin perimetrical frame projecting as high as th- optical elements.

The raster pins may also be used in other cases for a precise combination of a translucent layer with any other material provided with a colour raster on its surface. A ceramic tile, for instance, may have Srespective hollows on thu face side to recieve the pins of the glass raster plate with optical elements.

i In the production of the roll-type double-layer materials the S nunrrous pins of the protective layer made of a translucent polymer may be Snserted Into the punched holes of a thin colour-carrying layer, this done, the portions of the pins projecti;g from the back side may be fused just ensuring a reliable bonding of the layers without cement.

The moire effect, whici is frequently used in creating various .t a amaterials as a decorative effect, occurs as a result of the superimpostition of two or several lattices or several raster surfaces in which the elements arrangement period differs by one or several S directions, The moire effect also occurs as a result of the superimposition of two similar lattices subject to the condition that each of thm Is turned relative to he other through some angle in the plane of their imposition. In the majority of known solutions use, In this case, is ,made of a tone or single-colour moire percepted as a system of periodical thickenings and thinnings occuring on the surface, As different from them, a very expressive multicolour moire effect manifesting itself by periodical thickenings and thinnings in the form of LHP 0516P -12multicolour strips, square rings, rainbow-like rings, etc., maybe obtained on the raster colourdynamic materials.

Figure 14 represents a sectional view of a glass facing tile whose facial side carries periodically arranged optical elements and the back surface, periodically arranged three-dimensional elements with different colours imparted to their different sides in such a way that the similarly oriented sides of the elements have one colour. The three-dimensional elements 31 form a colourdynamic texture surface, their arrangement period being two times less than that: of the optical elements If the arrangement period of the similar-in-colour sections of the colour-carrying surface differs from that of the optical elements or opaque sections only in one direction, multicolour parallel strips moving over the surface and changing their colour with the change of the angle of view will be observed on the surface of the tile, With the periods differing by two orthogonal directions, multicolour squares, circles, rings and other figures depending on the geometry of the optical elements and colour sections actual arrangement.

Considered as a particular case of difference of the periods by two orthogonal directions is the situation when the set of axes of the protective layer optical elements or opaque sections arrangement is turned through a certain angle relative to the identical set of the axes of arrangement of the colour-carrying surface sections having one colour.

I: The moire effect can be obtained using not only texture, but also S flat raster as colour-carrying surfaces, while the translucent layer may be made using the optical elements, opaque sections or a combination of both.

a.

It is essential, that in all the versions of the invention embodiment the colour sections or a texture or a flat colour raster, as well as the optical elements or opaque sections of the protective layer may be made as fine as possible, which allows materializing the Invention with the use of rather thin translucent films and plates, or thin translucent coatings.

All the above described modifications of a decorative colourdynamic S material may be obtained through the use of industrial automated processes ensuring a high labour productivity and a low manufacturing cost, The mrost perspective direction is the production of glass and other translucept facing materials in combination with fine-grain multicolour poly raphic S" rasters, allowing to obtain colourdynamic materials possessing especially pure comporent colours and good performance characteristics.

LHP:0516P -13-

Claims

1. A decorative colourdynamic material comprising a substrate which has sections of different colour and/or optical properties on at least one surface thereof and at least one translucent protective layer located above said surface or surfaces, at least one side of which layer has three-dimensional translucent optical elements of different colour and/or optical properties so arranged in relation to said surface that sections which are similar in colour and/or optical properties on said surface and said layer correspond.

2. A decorative material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical elements 1 o for which the arrangement of the similar in colour and/or optical properties sections of the colour-carrying surface located under them is repeated, are equidistantly spaced over the entire surface of the translucent protective layer,

3, A decorative material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 4;rangement of the similar in colour and/or optical properties sections of the colour-carrying surface 15 with respect to the closest optical elements of the protective layer located above them is repeated for all the similar optical elements,

4. A decorative material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the similar in colour and/or optical properties sections of the colour-carrying surface and the optical elements of the protective layer are arranged periodically.

5, A decorative material is claimed in claim 4, wherein the arrangement Iperiod of the similar in colour and/or optical properties sections of the colour-carrying surface differs from that of the optical elements of the protective layer in one or several directions.

6. A decorative material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the 25 colour-carrying surface has sections of at least three different colours and/or three t different optical properties.

7. A decorative material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shortest distance between the points of the colour-carrying surface which are the most distant from the internal surface of the translucent layer and its external layer does not exceed a double focus length of the three-dimensional elements.

8. A decorative material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein its colour-carrying surface has a perforation in the form of riiltiple holes, whereas the translucent protective layer with optical elements has multiple fixing pins on the internal surface thereof, the shape, dimensions and arrangement of the holes of the colour-carrying surface being completely coincident with the shape, dimensions and arrangement of the fixing pins of the protective layer which enter the respective holes of the perforation.

9. A decorative colourdynamic material comprising a substrate which has irj sections of different colour and/or optical properties on at least one surface thereof and 140 3 at least one translucent protective layer located above said surface or surfaces, at least one side of which layer has equidistantly spaced alternating translucent and opaque sections so arranged in relation to said surface that sections which are similar in colour and/or optical properties on said surface correspond to said opaque sections on said layer.

A decorative material, as claimed in claim 9, wherein the arrangement of the similar in colour and/or optical properties sections of 'he colour-carrying surface with respect to the closest opaque sections of the protective layer arranged over them is repeated for all identical opaque sections.

11. A decorative material as claimed in claim 9 or 10, wherein the opaque sections of the protective layer are made semi-translucent, with the both, semi- translucent and translucent sections being at least two different colours alternating on the protective layer surface.

12. A decorative material, as claimed in any of claims from 1 to 5, wherein its 15 colour-carrying surface is colourdynamic and textured and in which the differently oriented sections of each three-dimensional element have different colours and/or optical properties and at least in a part of the three-dimensional elements the similarly oriented surface sections of different three-dimensional elements have a similar colour and/or similar optical properties, 20

13. A decorative colourdynamic material comprising a colour-carrying surface which has sections of different colour and/or different optical properties substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings, Dated 20 January, 1994 Kooperativ "Mercury" Vneshneekonomicheskaya Assotsiatsia "Istok" Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON FERGUSON 00 NLIBRNIOO26:lKEH 15 of 3