AU601641B2 - Flexible laminate resistant to build up of static charge - Google Patents
Flexible laminate resistant to build up of static charge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU601641B2 AU601641B2 AU33941/89A AU3394189A AU601641B2 AU 601641 B2 AU601641 B2 AU 601641B2 AU 33941/89 A AU33941/89 A AU 33941/89A AU 3394189 A AU3394189 A AU 3394189A AU 601641 B2 AU601641 B2 AU 601641B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- laminate
- build
- flexible
- brattice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003855 Adhesive Lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102100027623 FERM and PDZ domain-containing protein 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710155996 FERM and PDZ domain-containing protein 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/14—Air partitions; Air locks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
A- LIA6 Patnt Ac-921 Short Title: Int. Cl: Application Number: Lodged: Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Lapsed: Publi shed: Priority: Related Art: TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT Name of Applicant: Rheem Australia Limited Address of Applicant: Brodie Street Rydalmere NSW 2116 Actual Inventors: Michael McALLY Norman Donald OLSEN~ Address for Service: Mr A W Tilley Rheem Australia Limited Brodie Street Rydalmere NSW 2116 Complete Specification for the Invention entitled! "FLEXIBLE LAMINATE RESISTANT TO BUILD UP OF STATIC CHIARGE" The following statement Is a full description of this invention,) including the best method of performing it known to me: 8026. L This invention relates to a flexible laminate fabric resistant to build up of static electrical charge.
It relates to a multi-layered fire retardant fabric bonded together by a substantially air irpermeable adhesive layer. The layers of fabric comprise preferably flame retardant tapes, filaments or threads of synthetic resins, preferably of the polyolefin type.
he outermost fabric layers have intimately attached to them substantially continuous, electrically conductive tapes, filaments or threads, preferably uniformly spaced, in either or both the longitudinal or transverse directions of the fabric. The fabric is produced in long lengths and is joinable to further lengths if required. The fabric layers most preferably are composed of closely spaced tapes or densely compacted threads such that even prior to adhesive lamination, each fabric layer is appreciably resistant to low pressure air permeation.
The invention consists of a flexible polyolefin laminate resistant to build up of static electrical change comprising external layers of flame retardant fabric bonded by k substantially air impermeable adhesive layer, and having exlposed at each outermost layer a plurality of electrically conductive filaments extending conti ,uously between longitudinal and transverse extremities of areas of fabric as manufactured; said flame retardant fabric having a substantially white, off-white or similar light coloured surface.
A particular preferred eaximent of the ir~vention may be used as a brattice fabric. Brattice is widely used as an often t;Tporary ventilation duct in underground mines, most significantly in coal and shale mining. In this context it is important that b1attice tossess a number ot attributes in consideration of the importance of good ventilation to flush flammable and toxic gases from mines. Brattice so used must meet test recp:rements set for example by the National Coal Board of the United Kingdom (NCB), principally in Specification Numbers 245/1961 and as amendedt 1975, 441/1964 and 586/1971. In New South Wales, for exaxrple the Department of Mines Testing Mmrandumn Number 2 (1975) my also apply.
The fabric laminate of the present invention when used as~ brattice possesses the following attributes, described in conjunction with attributes as demonstrated by performance in th'e following specified tests: a) The colour must be substantially white to provide visibility of soiling by finely divided coal, shale or other dark coloured dust so that this sol-ing zay be washed off in good time to avoid it reaching a hazardous level of build up. This requirement is achieved in the preso.nt '1 invention by comounding of suitable white coloured pi~rents, the-mselves being, or together with, flame retardant substances, in-co the polyolefin or other polymer prior to its conversion into tape,,, threads or filaments for conversion into fabric.
b) Brattice, since it is usually hung in the manner of a curtain, mast be of an adequate mass per unit area consistent with strength and handling considerations. This variable parameter has been specitied in NCB Specification Number 441/1964 (as amended 1975) as 17 ounces per square yard which is equivalent to 527 grams per square metre. Elsewhere in tender specifications prepared by major users of brattice in New South wales a substantially lower minimum figure of 239 grams per square metre has been specified. in some known applications, agreements between I purchaser and supplier have nominated 180 grams per square metre as acceptable. In this present invention a wide range of masses per unit area my be achieved by selection of the mass per unit area of the I component layers of fabric and the number of each component layer included in the laminate, together with thba resultant numbers of flexible impermeable adhesive layers uz'ed to form the laminate.
r)The surface electrical conductivity of the, fabric must be high enough (or equivalently, the surface resistivity be low enough) so that the passage of ventilation air over its surface does not result in -3 development of potentially dangerous static electrical charge on the surfaces of the brattice. This functional requirement has been reduced to an acceptable result of a laboratory test, the result being specified 'i NCB Specification No. 441/1964 (as amended 1975) in terms of an electrical measurement when tested in the nanner described in NCB Specification Number P158, of not more than 3 x: 108 ohm. The same result is stipulated in the New South Wales Lepartment of Mines Testing Mmrandumn N'umber 2 as revised in 1975 and the test method is included therein. Since the last mentioned test method specified an annular test o0. electrode of outside diameter 150 mm for the electrical resistance test, a preferred ecDixlient of the present invention has not greater than a 150 mm parallel spacing of conductive filaments in the longitudinal direction of the fabric but may have such other spacing as dictated 'o specific test or purchaser specification and still come within the scope of this 1. invention.
d) Brattice must possess adequate strength, to resist being holed or torn too readily while in service in mines. Tests and requirements substantiating this attribute are provided in NCB Specification Number 441/1964, wherein both tensile and tear tests on samples of the fabric are performed in both transverse and lengthwise directions. Acceptable results for these tests are (metricated and rounded up to the nearest Newtons; 50.8 m wide test piece).
2.Breaking load 625 Newtons Tearing Strength 45 Newtons Du.e to the good. tensile strength properties achievable by the stretched polyolefin tapes used in a preferred ebodiment of the invention, the laminate is able to meet strength requiirements significantly in excess of those specified.
a) Bratticeo because it is hung in extensive lengths within mine shafts, must not be capable of supporting combustion since to do so would clearly increase the risk of spread of fire. Therefore test methods forj -4 flamne exposure are included in NCB Specifications 346 and 586 and elsewhere.
The present invention meets test requirements owing to the incorporation of one or more flamre retardant substances in the ccwonent polymeric tapes, filaments or threads.
The, outer sandwiching of the imrpermeable adhesive layer or layers by the outermost two fabric layers prevents the sustenance of flame irrespective of whether the adhesive layer or layers contains flame retardant comonet requirement of significance for brattice is impermeability to air. This requirement stems from its use to direct ventilating air and any permeability of the suspended brattice curtain would result in losses which would contribute to difficulty in mwaintaining adequate and predictable air velocities. This attribute is confirmed by, for example, NCB Specification Number 441 wherein a test methcd and acceptable result is specified. The present invention exceeds the requirement considerably because of the incorporation of the relatively impermeable adhesive layer or layers between the fabric layers. In a prefer-red emnbodiment a layer of fabric passes adjacent to an extrusion die which deposits a controlled molten film of thermoplastic adhesive onto one designated inner side of one outer fabric layer. A second layer of woven fabric is immediately brought into intimate contact with the still molten adhesive layer and the laminate is then subjected to pressure and cooling. Equally effectively, other lamuating method~s or adhesives can be employed.
In vtew of the mention of washability in a) above, it will be appreciated that the now disclosed laminate is particularly useful by ccaqiarison with 3. prior art brattice, which, in various known forms, have required slightly soluble chemical coatings on the outside surfaces of textile fabrics. In such materials, gradual deterioration of the required properties due to repeated washing was always difficult to avoid. TIhe present invention, consisting only of water insoluble materials and substantially corrosion resistant conductive filaments will be readily appreciated as being immnune to deterioration by repeated washing.
Other uses for particular embodients of the invention may not necessarily require all the attributes required for brattice. However, considering the inclusion of conductive threads, mo~st advantageous use of the present invention will occur in envirornents where explosive or flammable gas vapours or dust may be present. These other applications are envisaged to include ducting in general, static electricity free baga for the storage and transport of materials which: i) my in themselves be flammuable or potentially so when finely divided in suspension in the air (for example, flour).
ii) may be required in environments such as mines where fire or explosion risk is present.
Further applications could~include shuttering for concreting work in mines, ordnance factories or other areas posing analogous risks.
6-
Claims (4)
1. A flexible polyolefin laminate resistant to build up of static electrical charge comprising external layers of flame retardant fabric bonded by a substantially air impermeable adhesive layer, and having exposed at each outermost layer a plurality of electrically conductive filaments extending continuously between longitudinal and transverse extremities of areas of fabric as manufactured; said flame retardant fabric having a substantially white, off-white or similar light coloured surface.
2. A flexible polyolefin laminate as claimed in cati-a 1, when used as a brattice matarial, as defined in the specification.
3. A flexible po(lyolefin laminate as claimed in claim 1 in which the adhesive layer o- layers include components imparting flame retardancy to the dried or cured adhesive.
4. A flexible polyolefin laminate substantially as herein described. DATED this 1st day of May 1989 RBEEM AUSTRALIA UMUTED. REF: 059156 -7- 1
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU33941/89A AU601641B2 (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1989-05-02 | Flexible laminate resistant to build up of static charge |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPG2869 | 1983-12-16 | ||
| AU36854/84A AU3685484A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1984-12-16 | Flame retardant laminate |
| AU33941/89A AU601641B2 (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1989-05-02 | Flexible laminate resistant to build up of static charge |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU36854/84A Division AU3685484A (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1984-12-16 | Flame retardant laminate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU3394189A AU3394189A (en) | 1989-08-24 |
| AU601641B2 true AU601641B2 (en) | 1990-09-13 |
Family
ID=25622635
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU33941/89A Ceased AU601641B2 (en) | 1983-12-16 | 1989-05-02 | Flexible laminate resistant to build up of static charge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU601641B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9622675D0 (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1997-01-08 | Fosroc International Ltd | Process and equipment for ventilating underground workings |
| AU768757B2 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2004-01-08 | Fleity Pty. Limited | Total seal ventilation control device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1806362A (en) * | 1961-05-25 | 1963-11-28 | British Insulated Callender's Cables Limited | An improved material for use inthe manufacture of high voltage electric cables and cables incorporating such material |
| AU8078982A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1982-09-02 | Fothergill & Harvey Ltd. | Production of woven laminates |
| AU2915384A (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1984-12-13 | Toray Silicone Co. Ltd. | Jointed, reinforced elastomer-coated fabric material |
-
1989
- 1989-05-02 AU AU33941/89A patent/AU601641B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1806362A (en) * | 1961-05-25 | 1963-11-28 | British Insulated Callender's Cables Limited | An improved material for use inthe manufacture of high voltage electric cables and cables incorporating such material |
| AU8078982A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1982-09-02 | Fothergill & Harvey Ltd. | Production of woven laminates |
| AU2915384A (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1984-12-13 | Toray Silicone Co. Ltd. | Jointed, reinforced elastomer-coated fabric material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3394189A (en) | 1989-08-24 |
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