AU601476B2 - Flame retardant cable - Google Patents
Flame retardant cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU601476B2 AU601476B2 AU77687/87A AU7768787A AU601476B2 AU 601476 B2 AU601476 B2 AU 601476B2 AU 77687/87 A AU77687/87 A AU 77687/87A AU 7768787 A AU7768787 A AU 7768787A AU 601476 B2 AU601476 B2 AU 601476B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- compound
- retardant
- cable
- filling material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000002500 microbody Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 flame retardant compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940077746 antacid containing aluminium compound Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 11
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/4436—Heat resistant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
0i VII9 1. 1 k V--w 601476 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952-1969 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR THE INVENTION ENTITLED "FLAME RETARDANT CABLE" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us:r
I
M
This document contains the amendments made under Section 49 and is correct for printing.
1 This invention relates to a cable in particular, though not exclusively, an indoor cable, comprising insulated conductors, a core wrap, and a sheath ofC flame-retardant material.
In electric cables for indoor use, the materials used for the conductor insulation and for the sheath have flameretardant properties. In fire conditions, however, these materials release corrosive agents which, in turn, cause **.consequential damage.
There are insulating materials which are flameretardant and do not set free any corrosive agents in fire conditions, but these materials have a relatively high dielectric constant and a low insulation resistance. They are, therefore, unsuitable for cables for high-speed data transmission, for example.
In outdoor cables used for telecommunication, a material known as "foam skin polyethylen" Is used for the conductor insulation. It has good electric properties. In Ij fire conditions, no corrosive agents are released, but this material Is flammable and burns at a high temperature. So far, it has only been used in outdoor cables.
An object of the present Invention is to provide an Indoor cable in which flame resistance Is achieved in novel If 417mannoe According to the invention there Is pr'ovided a flame" retardant cable comiprising inst~lated conductors, a core 'wrap, and a sheath of flame-retardant material, wherein the conductors are embedded in a flame-retardant material.
The chier advantagei offered by the invention are that the conductors insulation can be chosen according to the de- 2 sired electrical property and without regard to the flame resistance required for inside cables, that this requirement is met by the filling material in which the conductors are embedded, that the filling material, because of its low dielectric constant, improves the electrical values o~f the cable or permits a thinner conductor insulation, which reduces the fire load, and that, since a high percentage of the volume of the filling material I.s occupied by the hollow microbodies, the weight of the cable is Increased only in- I* significantly.
The invention will now be explained in greater detail with the aid of an embodiment of 1 an electric cable.
Electric cables for indoor use usually consist of two or more stranded conductors or conductor groups which are held together by a wrap, for example, and form the cable ~*core, and a sheath surrounding the cable core. In a preferred embodiment use Is made of conduct~ors whose insulation 4fm has good electrical properties. As a rule, such insulating EVI materials are flamnmable. Therefore, the cable core is embedded In a flame-retardant, paste-like filling material prior to the application of the outer sheath. If a core wrap is present, it must be permeable to the filling material) so that the filling materia3 can penetrate into all hollow spaces and Interstices of the cable core and fill the latter, Bly way of example, the filling material n~ybe composed of 15.0 -18.0 parts by weight of Inorganic, flame-retardant Ingredients, such as sodium, calcium, mag,nesium and/or aluminium compounds, I 7.0 parts by weight of a low-inflammability synthetic organic paste, such as a synthetic elastomer having silicates embedded therein, and 0.1 0.6 pa-ts of weight of hollow microbodies of a flame-retardant, low-halogen or halogenfree material which are filled with gaseous medium, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
This filling material is flame-retardant and selfextinguishing. The latter is supported in fiv'e conditions by the release of nitrogen or carbon dioxide when the hollow microbodies break up. Depending on whether the hollow microbodies are made of an inorganic material, such as glass or ceramic, or an organic material, such as polyethylene, polystyrene or the like, the filling material is free or nearly free from halogen and, thus, practically noncorrosive in fire conditions. As the hollow microbodies, which are preferably of spherical shape, occupy 30-50 percent of the volume of the filling material, the latter has a very low density. Preferably the microbodies have a density of 0.1 to 0.5 g/cc. The filling material thus does not significantly, increase the weight of the Qable. Mainly because of the hollow microbodies, the filling material has a low dielectric constant. If the resulting improved transmission performance is not needed, the insulation thickness of the conductors can be reduced, for example. This reduces the fire load and permits use of the foam-skin polyethylene insulation on the conductors. The filling material retains its paste-like character within a wide range around room 0 temperature. It can, therefore, be processed without being 4 heated. The neutral composition of the filling material ensures that no disadvantageous interaction with the insulating material of the conductors and of the sheath takes place.
The cable structure described is also suitable for fibre optic cables for indoor use. In such cables, the electrical properties of the insulating materials are of no ,Y significance, but a flame-retardant structure is important.
The optical fibre covering serves not so much to offer flame resistance but to provide protection against mechanical damage and to preserve the optical transmission characteristics. By embedding the optical fibres in the filling material described, flame resistance can be achieved which allows the fibre-optic cable to be used indoors.
I. t 1 I t Il.( t o a"R*
Claims (2)
1. A flame retardant compound comprising:
15.0 18.0 parts by weight of inorganic, flame-retardant |I ingredients 7.0 parts by weight of a low-inflammability syn- thetic organic paste, and 0.1 0.6 parts by weight of hollow microbodies of a flame-retardant, low-halogen or halogen- free material which are filled with a non- flammable gas, said microbodies occupying 30% to 50% by vol- ume of the compound. 2. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein said inor- ganic, flame-retardant ingredients are selected from sodium S compounds, calcium compounds, magnesium compounds, and/or aluminium compounds. 3. A compound a, claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said organic paste comprises synthetic elastomer having silicates embedded therein. 4. A compound as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hollow microbodies are made of an organic or in- .o organic material, and that this material has a density of 0.1 0.5 g/cm 3 S* 5. A compound as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hollow microbodies are filled with nitrogen or Swith carbon dioxide. 6. A flame-retartant compound, substantially as herein described with reference to the examples. 7. A flame-retardant cable comprising insulated conduc- tors, a core wrap, and a sheath of flame-retardant material, erein the insulated conductors are embedded in a flame- 6 w' E retardant filling material, and wherein the filling material is a compound as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the core wrap being permeable to the compound. 8. A cable as claimed in claim 7, wherein the conduc- tors are electric conductors, and the conductors are covered by insulation made of high-grade insulating material. 9. An optical fibre cable comprising a plurality of jacketed optical fibres held together by a core wrap and en- cased in a flame-retardant sheath, the fibres being imbedded in a flame retardar.t filling material comprising a compound as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the core wrap being .4 permeable to the compound and the jacketing on the fibres Sproviding optimum optical transmission characteristics. oo 10. A flame-retardant cable substantially as herein de- scribed with reference to the examples. 4 Bo DATED THIS TWENTY-NINTH DAY OF JUNE, 1990 ALCATEL N.V. 4 to n/^f7
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3631250A DE3631250C2 (en) | 1986-09-13 | 1986-09-13 | Flame retardant indoor cable |
| DE3631250 | 1986-09-13 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU7768787A AU7768787A (en) | 1988-03-17 |
| AU601476B2 true AU601476B2 (en) | 1990-09-13 |
Family
ID=6309557
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU77687/87A Expired - Fee Related AU601476B2 (en) | 1986-09-13 | 1987-08-31 | Flame retardant cable |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU601476B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3631250C2 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO873555L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5050957A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-09-24 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Optical fiber service cable |
| ES2898606T3 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2022-03-08 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Optical fiber cable and method for forming an optical fiber cable |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0076560A1 (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-13 | Northern Telecom Limited | Inside telecommunications cable |
| AU560359B2 (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1987-04-02 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Flame-resistant plenum cable and methods of making |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1480090A (en) * | 1974-12-05 | 1977-07-20 | Pirelli General Cable Works | Electric cable |
| DE3321268A1 (en) * | 1983-06-13 | 1984-12-13 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | ELECTRICAL INSULATION |
| DE3404488A1 (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1985-08-08 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | METHOD AND FILLING SUBSTANCE FOR PRODUCING A LONG-TERM WATERPROOF CABLE |
| DE3404487A1 (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1985-08-08 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FILLING MEASUREMENT FOR LONG-TERM WATERPROOF ELECTRICAL AND / OR OPTICAL CABLES |
-
1986
- 1986-09-13 DE DE3631250A patent/DE3631250C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-08-24 NO NO873555A patent/NO873555L/en unknown
- 1987-08-31 AU AU77687/87A patent/AU601476B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0076560A1 (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-13 | Northern Telecom Limited | Inside telecommunications cable |
| AU560359B2 (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1987-04-02 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Flame-resistant plenum cable and methods of making |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3631250C2 (en) | 1994-03-24 |
| NO873555L (en) | 1988-03-14 |
| NO873555D0 (en) | 1987-08-24 |
| AU7768787A (en) | 1988-03-17 |
| DE3631250A1 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
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