AU592895B2 - Insecticide composition and method of obtaining it - Google Patents

Description

pr ~~1 AU-Al -79192/87 P CT HKHTEJ1REKTYA~bHOi-ftC06CT113 §I49 2 3ASIBKA, OrIYBJ1IIKOBAHHASI B CCOTBTCTBIP6 C gorOBOPOM 0 flATEHTHOf4 KOOfIEPAUM14 (PCT) (51) Mewzmwiapo~pan KicaccH4igKaiti (11) Homep AIe yuaPOAHiil Iy6insKaUH)I: WO 88/10070 m3ofipeTeH Ijm 4: Al (4)/aimew.ilyiiapoauoik ty6jimuaitwit: A01 N 25/18, 25 /20 29 aeKa6pff 1988 (29.12,88) (21) Homep mie)Kgy'iapo~uof lajiBKlI: PCT/SU87/00078 (22) ,lAM Rmew4c1yitapo1aiiof noaauI: 19 tuonsi 1987 (19.06.87) (71) 3aansweim (Oip 6cexyKa3ajflbiX aocybapetn, Kpoioe US): BCECO103HbIRI HAYtIHO-HCCJIEaOBA- TEJIbCKIIT JAHCTHTYT BETEPH4HAPHOfl 3HTOMoJIoI'14 APAXHOJIOFHH4 ISU/SUI; TtoMeHb 625057, yji, HH-CTHTyTCKa9, 2 (SU) [VSE- SOJLJZNY NAUCHNO- ISSLEDOVATE LSKY IN- STITUT VETERINARNO1 ENTOMOLOGIL I ARAKHNOLOGII, Tjumen (72) Hlo60eTamajiH, H4 lllo6perejiH/3aunwreJ1H (01o4bKo c)1uuI US); EJIHI- Efrnm CTaxeeffiN ISU/SU]; Tiorviet-b 625049, Moc- KOBCKiff~ TPaKT, a, 43, iKa. 13 (SU) [ELIN, Efimn Stakheevich, Tjumen XOaLAROBnfaaeji Eare- Hbemvi' TioMetib 625001, yn. JlyHatiapCKOro, 9, 59, KB, 20 (SU) [KHODAKOY, Pavel Evgenievich, Tjumen (SU)I. PEr.HH13OrHIH AuaTornn1f Haymiouw ISU/SU];, Tiomefib, 625039, yii. 50 Jner OKTsi6p%, ga, 39, KB. 72 (SU) [REGINBO)GIN, Anal toly Naumovich, Tiumen CI4BKOB rema- .LriA Cepreewim [SU/SU]; TioMefib 625013, yii. Ce- BaCTonoMlCKasi, 17, Kit. 119 (SU) [SIVKOV, Gen- .nady Sergeevich, Tjumen (S U)j, SIMOB Baciif 3axapoBwi [SU/SU]; TioMeub 625002, yn. OiioarniH- HKO1a, Xa, 15, KB, 25 (SU) [YAMOY, Vastly Zakharovich, Tumen (SU)j. MIIPKOB lamer, faBJ1oaut1 [SU/SUi;" noc, Boponoe 625000, TioNmefcKasi o6ii,, TioMeHCKPA riakoH, YJ1, OC'rPOBCKoro, ai. 11, KB. 1 (SU) [MYAGKOV, Pavel Paviovich, pos. Borovoe

(SU)I.

(74) Areiwr: TOPrOBO-I IVOMbIWIJIEFIHA51 rIAJIATA.

CCCP; MOCKBa 103735, yn. Ky~1blWiela, g. 5/2 (SU) [THE USSR CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND IND)USTRY, Moscow (81) Yiettainihie rocy~apcTno:- AU, BR, D8~, FL, JP, NO, SE, US Ony6jr~ona C otnoo OAWOCdOyuapoOAtoiiocme (54) Tfitle:; INSECTICIDE COMPOSITION A1) METHOD OF OBTAINING IT (54) Haay it3otlpeTemht: HFICEKTHU1j,HbhI1I COCTAB H OfIOCOB EPO nOJY'IFuiv (57) Abstract An insecticide comiposition Is shaped as a briquette and consists of following components, In per cent by weight: peat: 30-47, ammonlacai saltpeter; 27-49, Insecticide: 1-15, wator: the balance, A method of obtaining the Insecticide composition consists In disintegrating the petit 'mo a maximum size aflI mm, drying It to a humidity of 18-25 per cent by weight, preparation of water solution or the amrTlonlacal saltpeter by dissolving the ammoniacal saltpeter In Witter at a temperature of 80-90PC and at a Weight ratio betweon the ammoniacal saltpeter and the water equal to 80-85:,20-15 respectivqtly, The water solution or the ammoniacal saltpoter Is mixed with the disintegratted dried peat at a weight ratio between the peat and the solution equal to L.0:0,7-4,7 Itespectiveiy, The thus obtained mass Is then pressed at a temperature or 60-850C Into briquettes dried at a maximutn temperature of 600C to humidity of 14-20 per cent by weight, saturated with the solution of the insecticide at a ratio of 1-15 of the latter In relation to the weight of the briquettes and then the solvent is removed from the briquiettes, ""s~1cn~1t contains Owv socionl 49.

A. 10. j1'. 16 lIAR18

AUSTRAIWAN

19JAN 189 PATENT OFFICE] I(57', Feiepar:, K~c O C T8AM CCB Bb1I1juiHH B BmH;e 6PHXeTa a co- CTOMT 143 cjiepyiuHx KoMnIOHeHToB3, T0JP( 30-47, ammzaiaqH~ cei~lipa 27r-49, MiCeicqZ 1-15, BOga oc- T&aIbHoe go 100. Criocod flozy-IeHHA 14iceKT~HAAHOrO Oaa 3aKA1OtaeTC$I B TOM, WOT TOJ# H3mejIbtqaT q floAyt1HHem tI&- CT~Uq pa3mepom He dojxee I mm, cymla'r go OCTaTotmHog BJIaM- HOCT14 18-25 MaC. O, YIpHrOT9&AHBaMOT BOAHUMI paCTEOp am1iat- HogI CeflHTP I lyTem paCTBOpeHHH ammmatuiHog CeJIHTPb B Boge ripi 80_9OoC H MaCCOBOM COOTHoImeHHx aMMx!atI1W ceAHTpbW 0 BogoA 60-85:.20-15 COOTBeTCTBeHHo. Bopmgu paCTBOp amxvlaqtHof ceAI4Tpb cmemHIB3IOT c Hamezbtze8HHUM BUjCYme1ii1M TOP-- #Om flpH m8$COBOM COOTHOUIeHH14 c paCTBOPOM, paBHOM 1,0;0,7-1,7 COOTBeTCTBeHmo. Ib~eyio macy ripecCYMo vpH 60-85 0 C B 6PI4KeThI, cytuaT dpHxeTbI flPH Temrepa~ype H 0 C go OCTaTOM~HO9t BjiasHoCTH 14-20 maC.%, flpofHTbI- BaWOT HXC PaCTBOPOM B aermaoe~ymem, opr~my~e- CKOM PaCTBOPHTeJ~e H3s pac,4e~a 1-15% HlceK.TlqH4pa OT MaCcibi dprxe~a Hx ygansno H3 ripoflMTaHHbix 6PHK~eTOB y~e.3aHIHit paCTBOpI4TeJab, IlC1KJHO'IH1fEJIbHO XM1J UEJIEAII H-MOPMAUIIH KOMWI, ICaoRWbyeN~bie =Rt o~om!a4ernts C~pan.-leHoB PCT "a TWIAflMMbI mcTax 6pwoB KOTOPbIX ay6rnuxylto-cs MeKXWiyapOJMiIC U91asBIB cooTneTCTBHIq c PCT.' AT Asc-rpim FR cDpa~utig M L Maimi A AOCTpaJ1Itm GA ra6ti MR Maspiraig~ 8B 6ap6anaqc GB BC~MtX6PItraflwg NMW Manlan" BE genbrig, HU 80HrPIIR NL Hiica~w BG Conraptii. IT Manig NO Ho~iaeuto BJ saiSCHH JP Rr~o~t RO Pymbitsri BR SpanlVimi KP KoptAckmJ IHapo4RosZaeM~kpaTllmuxaxl SD Cya CF LlHTpanLtfi3$PMKaHlCKa~ PtCIYQI4Ka pefly6nitia SE woewsig CG KOHNFO KR KopCA4KaX PGCflY6flHla SN CdHaran CH IUeguapl Lt JIlxyweiwr~iiK SU) CooCTCKcIII COWg CMN KasiepyH LK LIP14 JIa&4Ka TD) 4a.' DE ?)CeUaTH~laM P0"YOMI~a 'cP~i~iit LU ;II0Kc0M6ypr TG Tr DK nIation INC NIQtKQ US COCL4HHeHlibit Wratmi AmIePiki F1 01MANHAIIN MG Maz~aracxap INSECTICIDAL COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME Field of the Art The present invention relates to chemical means of pest control, such as control of flies, mosquitoes, gnats, greenhouse whiteflies, cockroaches, mites, and more particularly to insecticidal compositions and methods for producing same.

Prior Art An insecticidal smoke-forming composition currently in use consists of insecticide (active ingredient) (1- -hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-0,0-dimethylphosphonate (chlorophos), potassium chlorate (Berthollet's salt), dicyandiamide, starch and talc, with the following ratio of components (mass chlorophos Berthollet's salt dicyandiamide starch 4 talc The insecticidal composition is used as a powder packed into polyethylene bags weighting from 30 g to 1-2 kg.

The insecticidal composition mentioned above is obtained by mixing its components with preliminary melting of chlorophos (SU,A,149648).

SAn insecticidal composition is also known, which consists of an insecticide hexachlorocyclohexane (hexachloran), Berthollet's salt, ammonium hydroxide, anthracene, dicyandiamide with the following component ratio, mass F: hexachloran 51 Berthollet's salt 24 ammonium hydroxide anthracene dicyandiamide J E 2 and the insecticidal composition is made as a smoke pot.

The above-mentioned insecticidal composition made as a smoke pot is obtained by mixing the components with subsequent charging of the mass obtained into stainless metallic or card board boxes (V.S.Yarnykh, "Aerosols in Veterinary", 1972, "Kolos" Publishing House, Moscow, p.318).

Further, another insecticidal composition is known, which consists of an insecticide, for example 0,0-dimethyl-0-(2,2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate (dichlorvos), pressed or porous soot, a heat release accelerator, for example, manganese dioxide, strontium nitrate, and a burning inhibitor, for example, diatomite, talc or clay, with the following component ratio (mass dichlorvos 1 soot 30 heat release accelerator and oxidizer 5 burning inhibitor 10 the insecticidal composition is being made as a smoke pot.

The above-mentioned insecticidal composition made as a smoke pot is obtained by mixing the components followed by charging of the mass obtained into stainless metallic or card board boxes (JP,A,56-75402).

The insecticidal compositions described above, contain individual chemical substances (Berthollet's salt, dicyandiamide, anthracene, ammonium hydroxide, manganese dioxide, potassium nitrate or barium nitrate), thus raising the costs of these compositions, Besides, these compositions are multi-component and commonly contain 5 7 and more components This makes the process of obtaining the insecticidal compositions more complicated and raises the production costs thereof.

-3- The above-mentioned insecticidal compositions made as a powder or smoke pot are characterized by a low density, thus decreasing the Pnount of the insecticide per unit volume of the insecticidal composition and, therefore, lessening efficiency of said insecticidal compositions. Besides, during transportation and storage of the known insecticidal compositions zones with nonuniform density of the composition are formed, this bringing about an irregular pulsating smouldering of the powder or smoke pot when in use The low density of the compositions leads to a non-productive package utilization during storage and transportation of the insecticidal compositions. An insecticidal composition made as a smoke pot requires for its manufacture specialized boxes (rustproof metal, card board boxes), and also fuses for the initiation of smoke pot smouldering, thus making the insecticidal composition more costly. Besides, the known insecticidal composition, containing hexachloran, is often ignited in the process of application, this making the composition fire hazardous. The use of Berthollet's salt in the known insecticidal compositions is of a considerable hazard due to the capability of Berthollet's salt to explode.

An insecticidal composition is known, consisting of an insecticide hexachloran, sawdust, peat, salt- 4; peter, for instance, anmonium nitrate, starch, and water with the following component ratio (mass hexachloren 16 sawdust 17 peat 7 saltpeter 6 starch 4 water said insecticidal composition being shaped as a candle.

4 -4- This insecticidal composition made a3 a candle is manufactured by the following method: a weighed portion of hexachloran is ground in a mortar together with peat and sawdust, the mixture thus obtained is charged into a vessel; starch glue is prepared, saltpet&r is added to it, then the mass obtained is charged into said vessel containing hexachloran, peat and sawdust. The mass obtained is mixed up and flattened on a board as a thin sheet, which is cut into equal parts, all of which are made in tne form of candles The candles are dried at a temperature of 50-60 0 C (V.S.Yarnykh "Aerosols in Veterinary", 1972, "Kolos" Publishing House, Moscow, p.319).

The known insecticidal composition manufactured as candles does not contain individual chemical substances, but contains natural materials (peat, sawdust) and a product of mass production (saltpeter), which pernits to lower down the cost of this composition.

Still, it is a multi-component insecticidal composition (contains 6 ingredients). Besides, starch glue used as a binder in this insecticidal composition, is produced on the basis of a food product starch, this adding to the cost of the composition. It should be noted that a large amount of water contained in the insecticidal composition brings about a low intensity of candle smouldering, thus lowering down the efficacy of the insecticidal composition. This insecticidal composition is obtained by a multi-stage method (including 8 stages). During the production of the insecticidal conposition, a iarge amount of water is used, this complicating the accomplishment of the drying operation and bringing about a ntn-productive energy consumption. The candles are prepared manually, which does not permit the obtaining of candles with identical properties. Besides, hexachloran is water insoluble; therefore, as a result of its hydrohobicity, it is practically impossible to ,ueu c_

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If attain a uniform distribution of hexachloran in the starch glue. This leads to obtaining candles with different content of the active ingredient (insecticide) and inequality of candles in their insecticidal activity. This also leads to a non-identical composition of the canle throughout its volumo, this causing an uneven pulsating smouldering of the candle during its use. All the above-stated is an evidence of a non-applicability of insecticidal candles for practical purposes.

Disclosure of the Invention It is an object of this invention to provide such an insecticidal composition which would be more effeotive and characterized by a uniform smouldering during its use, in combination with a low temperature of smouldering, which would not ignite in the process of smouldering, rnd would consist of a small number of components, would not require expensive packaging, and waould be obtained by a method simple in process technology and equipment.

The object of this invention is accomplished by the provision of an insecticidal composition consisting of peat, ammonium nitrate, insecticide and water, with the following ratios of the components (mass according to the present invention: peat 30 47 ammonium nitrate 27 49 insecticide 1 water the balance, the above insecticidal composition being shaped as a briquette A further object of the invention is to provide a process of obtaining an insecticidal composition based on the utilization of peat, ammonium nitrate,

J

j -6- 6- insecticide and water; according to the invention, the process consists in the grinding of peat with the size Iof particles obtained not larger than 1 mm, drying of the ground peat to 18-25 mass residual moisture content, preparation of an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate by ammonium nitrate dissolution in water at temperatures 80-90°C and a mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water 80-85:20-15 respectively, mixing of the prepared Anmonium nitrate aqueous solution with ground dried peat at a mass ratio between peat and ammonium nitrate aqueous solution equal to 1.0:0.7-1 .7 respectively, briquetting the mass obtained as a result of mix- I ing into briquettes at 60-85°00, drying of the briquettes obtained at temperatures not above 50°C00 down to 14-20 mass residual moisture, impregnating the dried briquettes with a solution of insecticide in a highly volatile organic solvent on a basis of 1-15% insecticide from the mass of the briquette and removal of the above organic solvent from the impregnated briquettes.

In order to increase the strength of the briquettes, it is recommended that the ground and dried peat is heated up to a temperature of 45-559C before mixing with the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution.

The proposed insecticidal composition made as a briquette, in comparison with the known insecticidal compos-,tions made as a powder according to SU,A,149648, as a smoke pot according to JP,A,56-75402, and according to V.S.Yarnykh "Aerosols in Veterinary", 1972, "Kolos" Publishing House, Moscow, p.318, is possessing a high density (1 .7-2.2 g/cm 3 thus, at the same volumes with the known insecticidal compositions it becomes possible to introduce a greater amount of insecticide into the briquette formulation, and, therefore, to increase the efficacy of the insecticidal composition. The briquettes are characterized by a high strength 7 -7 (compression strength is 20-55 kg/cm 2 High strength of the briquettes is provided by the conditions of mixing peat with ammonium nitrate aqueous solution (by the ration between peat and ammonium nitrate and water, and by the temperature of ammonium nitrate aqueous solution) in combination with subsequent pressing into briquettes Ammonium nitrate as a briquette component performs the function of a binder and oxidizer. Comparing with Berthollet's salt, ammonium nitrate is characterized by a low temperature of decomposition, good solubility in water, and it is nonexplosive under the conditions of the insecticide briquette preparation.

During transportation and storage the briquettes are stable and retain their properties (density, strength, intensity of thermal sublimation, etc.) The uniform density through tho entire body of the briquette ensures even intensive smouldering of the briquettes during their use. The assemblage of components in the proposed insecticidal composition and the physical properties of the briquettes provide for a low temperature of briquette smouldering (200 25000). The low temperature of briquette smouldering excludes their ignition in the process of application and makes them fireproof. Besides, the low temperature of briquette smouldering excludes thermal destruction of the insecticide and, therefore, excludes any decrease of the efficiency of the insecticidal composition as a possible result of this factor action.

The proposed insecticidal briquettes are simple in their composition, do not contain individual chemical substances, but contain widely available natural material (peat) and a cheap technical product of large-tonnage production (ammonium nitrate).

Besides, briquettes with a high strength do not require costly rigid packages (rustproo metallic and N iiS,

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r\ S-8 cardboard boxes). They are packed into polyethylene film, providing insulation of the briquettes from atmospheric moisture. Substitution of a costly package with cheap one provides an additional economic effect.

The proposed insecticidal composition made as a briquette, when compared with the known insecticidal composition, manufactured as a candle according to V.S.Yarnykh "Aerosols in Veterinary", 1972, "Kolos" ?ublishing House, Moscow, p.319, contains a small number of components (peat, ammonium nitrate, insecticide, water). Besides, in the proposed insecticidal composition, ammonium nitrate is used as a binder instead of starch glue (ammonium nitrate is also an oxidizc~'.

thus decreasing the cost of the insecticidal composition.

Water content in the proposed insecticical composition made as a briquette, is much lower compared to the above-mentioned known insecticidal composition made as a candle, thus raising the intensity of briquette smouldering and making them more efficient in the process of application. The use of water in small amounts during the preparation of the proposed insecticidal composition as briquettes permits to decrease drastically the energy consumption for the drying of the briquettes.

The proposed insecticidal composition is obtained by a process simple in technology and equipment, and all the operations can be easily automated. Due to the use of ammonium nitrate as a solution, and also owing to impregnating briquettes with a solution of insecticide, uniformity of briquettes composition is provided through the entire bulk of them, and therefore, a uniform smouldering is achieved during the application of the briquettes.

The.above-mentioned insecticidal composition is simple in application, does not require any specialized 9 equipment on skilled personnel. Any source of open flame can be used as an initiator of smouldering of the insecticidal composition the necessity of using a fuse being thus obviated.

The proposed insecticidal composition can be used with efficiency both for treatment of indoor spaces (for instance, storage facilities, greenhouses, industrial and ancillary livestock breeding areas, damp and filoded basements of living structures and industrial buildings, tourists' tents, etc.) and out door spaces (for instance, meadows, forests, plantations and gardens) Depending on the end use, the insecticidal composition can be made as briquettes of different masses (from 1 g up to 1-3 kg) with different geometrical forms (cylinders, cubes, etc.).

As stated above, the proposed ia.seticidal composition consists of 30-47 mass of peat, 27-49 mass of ammonium nitrate,1-15 mass 5% of insecticide, the balan3e being water up to 100 mass It is not reasonable to use an insecticidal composition containing peat below 30 mass and ammonium nitrate in excess of 49 mass since in this case excessive amount of water would be involved in the production of briquettes. During pressing (briquetting), squeezing out of ammonium nitrate solution from the pressurized mass occurs, this bringing about an unproductive consumption of said salt. As a result of pressing, briquettes are obtained having a high moisture content and requiring a prolonged drying, with a layer of ammonium nitrate on the surface and fit for being ignited only from sources of high-temperature flame.

It is not recommended to use an insecticidal composition with peat content above 47 mass and that of ammonium nitrate below 27 mass since ammonium nit- U rate solution will be in insufficient quantities for the uniform wetting of all the mass of peat and, consequently, for obraining strong briquettes.

It is not recommended to use an insecticidal composition with insecticide content below 1 mass since the insecticidal composition will not provide control over insects within the range of the aerosol cloud propagation.

It is not recommended to use an insecticidal composition with the insecticide content above 15 mass since not all the mass of the insecticide will be sublimed, this bringing about non-productive losses of the insecticide, When mixing peat with ammonium nitrate aqueous solution according to the process proposed herein the mass ratio of peat to ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is equal to 1.0:0.7-1,7 respectively. The use of peat and ammonium nitrate solution in ratios beyond the specified limits will lead to consequenses described above.

As ststed above, prior to mixing with ammonium nitrate aqueous molution, peat is ground to the size of particles obtained not larger than 1 mm, which is followed by drying until the residual moisture is brought to 18-25 mass It is not recommended to grind peat to the size of particles obtained larger than 1 mm, since the strength of the briquettes will be decreased.

It is not recommended to dry the ground peat to a residual moisture content below 18 mass since it is accompanied with non-productive consumption of energy.

tt is not good practice to dry the ground peat to a re-s sidual moisture above 25 mass since the peat obtained will contain an excess amount of water, tiis leading to squeezing out of ammonium nitrate from the prossur i A mass after mixing peat with the ammonium nitrs,- I I 1 1 solution.

In order to prepare ammonium nitrate aqueous solution said salt and water are taken, as has been stated above, at a mass ratio of 80-85:20-15 respectively, and the dissolution of salt is carried out at a temperature of 80-90°C. As a result, and aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate is obtained with a concentration of 80-85% and a temperature of 80-90°C. The armonium nitrate aqueous solution obtained is then mixed with peat.

It is not recommended to use at the mixing stage ammonium nitrate aqueous solution having a concentration below 80%, since squeezing out of ammonium nitrate solution from the pressurized mass occurs with the formation of an ammonium nitrate layer on hie surface of the dried briaquettes.

It is not recommended to use at the mixing stage ammonium nitrate aqueous solution having a concentration above 85%, since there will be an insufficient wetting of peat, and therefore, the strength of the briquettes will be drastically decreased.

Preparation of the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution at a temperature of 80-90°C is dictated by the necessity of obtaining a salt solution with a concentrs,tion equal to 80-85%.

The mass, obtained as a result of mixing peat with the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution, is pressed at a temperature of 60-85°C. It is not recommended to press the mass at temperatures below 60°C, since the strength j 30 of the briquettes obtained will be decreased. It is reocommended to press the mass at temperatures above jsince there exists a possibility of the pressurized mass ignition.

Briquettes obtained as a result of pressing the mass, are dried at a temperature not higher than 60°00.

At a temperature above 60°0C formation of crevices is -12observed on the surface of briquettes, this lowering their strength.

Said drying of the briquettes is carried out to the point of atteining the value of residual moisture of 14-20 mass it is not reasonable to carry out drying of the briquettes down to values below 14 of residual moisture, since there will appear a possibility of ignition of the briquettes when in use. It is rot recommended to carry out drying of the briquettes to residual moisture content above 20%, since in this case it is more difficult to initiate smouldering of the briquettes.

It is recommended to heat the ground dried peat to temperatures of 45-55'C prior to mixing with the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution. This adds to the strength of the briquettes. It is not recommended to heat the peat to temperatures above 55'C, since during mixing the peat heated up above 550C with ammonium nitrate solution having a temperature of 80-9000 the maos being obtained is heated up to temperatures able to cause its ignition. It is not recommended to heat the Peat to temperatures lower than 45 0 C, since this leads to no substantial rise in the strength of the briquettes The proposed insecticidal composition made as a briquette is obtained in the following way.

In a crusher, a hammer crusher, peat is ground, and particles are obtained with a size not larger thana 1 mm. Then the ground peat is dried to a residual moisture content of 18-25 mass A 80-85, aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate is prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate in water at 80-9000 and at a mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water of 80-85:20-15 respectively.

The prepared aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate 13 is mixed in a mixer with ground dried peat at a mass ratio of peat to ammonium nitrate aqueous solution of 1 .0:0.7-1 .7 respectively, and the mixing is carried out until a mass is produced, homogeneous in its composition. In order to increase the strength of the briquettes obtained, the ground dried peat is recommended to be heated up to 45-55 0 C prior to mixing it with the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution.

The mass obtained as a result of mixing peat with the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is pressed into briquettes at 60-85 0 C. The briquettes obtained are dried at a temperature not exceeding 600C to a residual moisture content of 14-20 mass The dried briquettes are impregnated with a solution of insecticide in a highly volatile organic solvent (1-15% of the insecticide for the briquette mass). As an insecticide (active ingredient) it is possible to use, for instance, organochlorine, organophosphorus compounds, carbamates, pyrethroids, namely (1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-0,0dimethylphosphonate, N-metyl-0-(naphthyl-1) carbamate, 0,0-dimethyl-O-(2,2-dichlolrovinyl) phosphate, 3-phenoxybenzyl ester of (f)-cis, trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)- 2,.2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid, N,N-di-(2,4xylyliminomethyl)methylamine, etc. As a highly volatile organic solvent it is possible to use, acetone petroleum ether, diethyl ether, n-hexane.

The highly volatile organic solvent is removed from the impregnated briquettes, in an exhaust hood at room temperature.

The insecticidal briquettes obtained according to the described process are packed into polyethylene film and stored in their packs indoors or transported to the application site.

The proposed insecticidal composition in the form of briquettes can be used in medical sanitation, vete-

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-14 rinary, and agriculture for the control of pests, e.g., flies, mosquitoes, gnats, mites, greenhouse white flies, etc.* The said insecticidal composition can be used for the treatment of different premises (greenhouses, storehouses, industrial and ancillary animal husbandry spaces, damp and flooded basements of living and industrial buildings, tourists' tents, temporary housings of fishermen, wood- -cutters, hiunters, etc.) as well as outdoor areas (e.g.

meadows, pastures, forest sections, plantations). The insecticidal composition in the form of briquettes produces an insecticidal effect as a result of formation an. insecticidal aerosol cloud due to smouldering of the briquettes.

1 5 Prior to the treatment of premises with the pro- Doosed insecticidal composition, it is recommended to close windows, doors, ventilation holes, i.e. to provide for sealing of the premises as much as possible.

The air-tightness of the premises to be treated permits to raise the efficacy of pest control.

During the treatment of large space premises it is recommended to carry out treatment of the above-mentioned space from sevteral points with even distribution of briquettes within tho premises, thus expediting the filling up of the premises with the insecticidal aerosol cloud while creating a uniform concentration, of the insecticide (active ingredient) -in the entire volume of the premises.

It is recommended to carry out treatment of outdoor spaces in the early morning or late in the evening, when there is no movement of air in the vertical direction, and the movement in the horizontal direction is mii.imized. Maximum effect from the insecticidal treatment is attained under such conditions.

The insecticidal composition made as briquettes is used in the quantities necessary for the attainment of the planned insecticidal action. The number of briquettes to be used will be determined by the type of the active ingredient (insecticide) and its concentration in the briquette, by the pest to be controlled, the nature of the premises to be treated (relations between length, width and hight of the room), etc.

Insecticidal briquettes intended for the treatment of closed premises or open spaces, should be freed from their packages (polyethylene film) before use, and the initiation of briquette smouldering is carried out from a source of open flame, e.g. from a burning match.

In the case of treatment of premises, said premises are kept closed for 15-60 minutes (the exposure time depends on the type of active ingedient included in the briquette composition, and on the type of insects subject to control), which is followed with airing of the premises, and the ash from the burning of the briquettes is removed from the premises.

For a better understanding of the present invention, its specific exemplary embodiments are given below.

Example 1 An insecticidal oomposition made as a briquette is obtained, consisting of the following components, mass peat ammonium nitrate 41 insecticide water 14 As the insecticide (active ingredient), (1-hydroxy- 2,2,2-trichloro ethyl)-0,Q-dimethylphosphonate is used.

In order to obtain said insecticidal composition, peat is ground in a hammer crusher to the particle size of 0.1-1 mm. The ground peat is dried to the residual moisture content of IS mass An ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving ammonium 0 Thy V' 16 nitrate in water at 8000 and it a mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water of 80:20 respectively. The prepared ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is mixed with the ground peat having residual moisture of 18% and heated up to 55°C prior to mixing, the mass ratio of peat and ammonium nitrate aqueous solution being 1 .0:1 .4 respectively. The mass obtained as a result of mixing is pressed into briquettes at a temperature of 60-650C.

The briquettes are dried at 55-60°C to the residual moisture of 14 mass The dried briquettes are impregnated with a 75 rjolution of (1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-0,O-dim.,thylphosphonate in acetone (1~5 of the insecticide for the briquette mass Acetone is evaporated from the impregnated briquettes under an exhaust hood.

The briquettes are taken out the hood when their mass becomes constant and equal to 0.5, 1 and 2 kg. The prepared briquettes are packed into polyethylene film to protect them atmospheric moisture during transportation and storage.

Example 2 An insecticidal composition is made as a briquette and consists of the following components, mass peat 33 ammonium nitrate 49 insecticide 1 water 17 As the insecticide 3-phenoxybenzyl ester of trans-3-( 2,2-dichl orovinyl) -2,2-dimethyloyclopropanecalrboxylic acid is used.

In order to obtain said insecticidal comp n, the peat is ground in a hammer crusher to part, size of 0.1-0.5 mm. The ground peat is dried to the _..sidual moisture content of 20 mass An ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate in water at 900Q and at a mass ratio of ammonium 17nitrate and water of' 85:15 respectively. The prepared ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is mixed with ground peat having the residual moisture of 20 mass and heated up to 4500 prior to mixing, at a mass ratio of peat and ammonium nitrate aqueous solution 1 .0:1 .4 respectively. The mass obtained as a result of' mixing is pressed into briquettes at a -temperature of' 65-70'C. The briquettes are dried at a temperature of' 45-50'C to a residual moisture of' 17 mass The dried briquettes are impregnated with a 10% solution of' said insecticide in diethyl ether of' insecticide, for the briquette mass) The solvent is evaporated from the impregnated briquettes by holding the briquettes under the exhaust hood The briquettes are obtained with a mass equal to 100 g. The prepared briquettes are packed into polyethylene film to protect them from air humidity.

Example 3 An insecticidal composition i~s obtained, made as a briquette and having the following, components, mass peat 4 7 ammoniumn nitrate 27 insecticide 8 water 18.

0,0-Dimethyl-0-(2,2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate is used as the insecticide.

In order to obtain said insecticidal composition peat is ground in a hammer crusher to particle siz(- of 0.01-1 mm, followed by drying to the residual moisturze content of' 25 mass An ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving ammnonium nitrate in water at a temperature of' 850C and a mass ratio of' ammonium nitrate and water of' 85:15 respectively. The prepared ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is mixed with ground dried peat at a mass ratio of' peat and ammonium nitrate aqueous solution of' 1.-0:0 .7 respectively. The mass obtamned as a result of mixing is pressed into briquettes at a temperature of 80-85'C. The briquettes are dried at a temperature of 20-25'C to a residual moisture of 18 mass The dried briquettes are impregnated with solution of gaid insecticide in petroleum ether (81,7 of the insiecticide for the briquette mass) The solvent is removed from the impregnated briquettes as described in Yrcample 1 The briquettes obtained have masses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 kg. The prepared briquettes are packed into polyethylene film.

Example 4 An insecticidal composition is obtained, made as a briquette and consisting of the following components, mass peat ammonium nitrate insecticide OO-Dimethyl-0-(2,2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate is used as the insecticide.

In order to obtain said insecticidal composition, peat is ground to the size of particles equal to 0.1mm. The ground peat is dried to a residual moisture of 20 .Ax ammnonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate in water at a temperature of 8500 and mass ratio of amimonium nitrate and water equal to 80:20 respectively. The prepared ammnonium nitrate. aqueous solution is mixed with ground dried peat at a mass ratio of peat and ammonium nitrate aqueous solution equal to 1 :1 The mass obtained as a result of mixing is pressed into briquettes at a temperature of 60-650. The 'briquettes are dried at a temperature of 18-230C to the residual moisture of 20 ,nass The dried briquettes are impregnated with a 80%/ solution of said insecticide in diethyl ether (105 of insectictide for the -19briquette mass). The solvent i-s removed from the impregnated briquettes as specif'ied in Example 1 The briquettes are obtained with a mass equal to 0.1 0 .5 and 1 kg. The prepared briquettes are packed into polyethylene film.

Example En insecticidal composition is obtained, made as a briquette and consisting of' the following components, mass peat ammonium nitrate insecticide water N-methyl-0-(naphthyl-1) -arbamate is used as the insecticide.

In order to obtain said insecticidal ccmposition, peat is ground to the size of' particles of 0.1-1 mm.

The ground peat Js drie d to a residual moisture of mass An ammcinium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving amxnonium nitrate in water at a temperature of 85'C and mass ratio of ammoniuam nitrate and water of 85:15 respectively. The prepared ammonium nitrate aqueo-u3 solution is mixed with the ground peat having a residual moisture of' 20 mass and heated to a tempera'Wre of 50 0 C prior to mixing, at a mass ratio of' peat and ammonium nitrate aqueous solution 1 .0:1 .1 respectively. The mass obtained as a result of' mixing is pressed into briquettes at a temperature of' 6000 The briquettes are dried at a temperature of' 400C to the residual moisture equal to 15 mass The dried briquettea are impregnated with a 50% solution of said insecticide in diethyl ether of insecticide for the briquette mass). The solvent from the impregnated briquettes is evaporated as described in Example 1 The briquettes are made with a mass equal to 0.1 0 .5 and r

M

20 1 kg. The prepared briquettes are packed into polyethylene film.

Example 6 An insecticidal composition is obtained, made as a briquette and consisting of the following components, masz; peat ammonium nitrate 48 insecticide water 17.

3-Phenoxybenzyl ester of trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid is used as the insecticide.

In order to obtain said insecticidal composition, peat is ground to a particle size of 0.1-1 mm. The ground peat is dried to a residual moisture of 20 mass An ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared as set forth in Example 1. The prepared ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is mixed with the ground peat having a residual moisture of 20 mass heated to a temperature of 55°C prior to mixing, at a mass ratio of peat to ammonium nitrate aqueous solution of 1.0:1 .7 respectively.

The mass obtained as a result of mixing is pressed into briquettes at a temperature of 60°C. The briquettes are dried at a temperature 30-35°C to the residual moisture of 17 mass The dried briquettes are impregnated with a 10b solution of said insecticide in diethyl ether of insecticide for the briquette mass) The solvent from the impregnated briquettes is evaporated as described in Example 1 The briquettes are obtained with a mass of 100 g. The prepared briquettes are packed into polyethylene film.

Example 7 An inseticidal composition is obtained, made as briquet and consisting of the followin; components, -A n'04 711 21 mass peat 34 ammonium nitrate 48 insecticide 1 water 17.

3-Phenoxybenzyl ester of trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarborylic acid is used as the insecticide.

In order to obtain said insecticidal composition, peat is ground to a particle size of 0.1-1 mm, The ground peat is dried to the residual moisture of 20 mass An ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate in water at a temperature of 850C and mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water of 80:20 respectively. The prepared ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is mixed with the ground peat having a residual moistuire content of 20 mass and heated to a tempera'Wre of 5000 prior to mixing, at a mass ratio of peat to ammonium nitrate aqueous solution equal to 1 .0:1 .4 respectively. The mass obtained as a result of mixing is pressed into briquettes at a temperature of 600C. The briquettes are dried at a temperature of -250C to the residual moisture of 17 mass The dried briquettes are impregnated with a 10% solution of said insecticide in diethyl ether of insecticide for the mass of the briquette. The solvent is evaporated as described in Example 1 The briquettes are obtained with a mass of 100 g. The prepared briquettes are packed in°Vo polyethylene film.

The insecticidal composition made as a briquette obtained according to the process proposed as described in Examples 1-7, is characterized by the following physical parameters given in Table 1

I'

22 Table 1 Example Density Compres- Duration of Temperature No. of bri- sion smouldering of smouldering quette, strength of briquette of briquette, gVCM-- of bri- having a OC quett2 mass of kg/cm 100 g, minutes 1 2 3 4 1 1.9 25 13 250-256 S 22 .1 55 9 235-243 3 1 .7 23 12 226-240 4 1 .9 28 12 224-240 5 1.8 34 14 210-237 6 2.2 52 10 250-260 7 2.0 49 9 246-257 As can be seen from the data given in Table 1, the insecticidal composition in the form of briquettes obtained in Examples 1-7 is characterized by a high density (1.7-2.2 g/cm 3 this providing a high efficacy of the action of the proposed insecticidal composition (at the same volumes with the known insecticidal compositions it is possible to introduce a greater amount of the active ingredient into the briquettes, proposed).

High strength of the briquettes (compression strength of 23-55 kg/cm 2 makes it possible to exclude rigid expensive packaging and substitute it with cheap polyethylene film. Smouldering temperature of the briquettes is low enough (210-2600C) to preclude thermal destruction of the insecticide (active ingredient). At the same time, combination of said smouldering temperature with said duration of smouldering of briquettes ensures a complete thermsl sublimation of the insecticides.

Smouldering of the insecticidal briquettes propos-

V

A

i- 23 ed is initiated by means of a source of open flame.

These briquettes are not ignited in the process of their application, and are characterized by a steady intensive smouldering. Said briquettes are convenient in use, do not require specialized equipment or skilled personnel.

The insecticidad composition made as briquets with masses of 1 kg, obtained according to Example 1, and containing as the insecticide (1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-0,0-dimethyl phosphonate in the amount of 150 g, has been tested against domestic flies (Musca domestica) of natural population under the conditions of an animal farm.

The tests have shown that the use of one briquette obtained according to Example 1 inside the farm space of 1800 m 3 kills 10C0 of said insects as a result of minute exposition of the aerosol cloud within the farm soace. The dose of insecticide (active ingredient) in this case was 833 mg per m of the farm space.

The insecticidal composition made as briquettes with a mass of 1 kg, obtained according to Example 1 and containing (I-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-0,O-dimethylphosponate as the insecticide in the amount of 150 g, has been also tested against mosquitoes and gnats in the conditions of pastures on areas of 0,8-1 .6 ha. To this end, insecticidal briquettes were placed on the sections of the pasture to be treated in the amount of 4 pieces set apart by 5-6 m from one another, and the briquettes were placed windward relative to said section of the pasture, along a single line perpendicular to the direction of wind. The experimental insects (mosquitoes and gnats) were placed into nets, 10 specimens in each net. Upon the section of the pasture to be treated, said nets were placed v.ith insects with 15-30 m distance between them, at the height of 1.5 m from the 24 ground surface.

The tests of the briquettes were carried out in the morning arid evening hours at the air temperature of 18-231C, relative air humidity of 63-88% and the wind velocity of 0.7-1 .8 m/s.

The record keeping of the killed insects was conducted immediately after the spreading of the aerosol cloud (smoke) on the treated section of the pasture.

The degree of affection of the insects inside the nets served the objective of determining the area of the aerosol cloud propagation on the treated section of the pasture.

As the tests have shown, the application of said briquettes provided for 10C% insecticidal effect at a distance of 160-200 m from the line of the briquettes placed (said distance was measured i.n the direction of propagation of the aerosol cloud). At a distance of 80-100 m from the line of the briquettes placed, measured in the direction of propagation of the aerosol cloud, the width of this cloud attained a maximum value within 40-80 m.

It is clear from the above that the uso of four briquettes obtained according to Example 1, guarantees an effective protection of animals from mosquitoes and gnats on the pasture sections having areas 0.8-1 .6 ha.

Insecticidal compositions made as briquettes with a mass of 500 g, obtained to Examples 3 and 4 and containing O,0-dimethyl-0-(2,2-diohlorovinyl) phosphate as the insecticide in the amount of 40 g (Example 3) and 50 g (Example have been tested against domestic flios 4 a domestica) of natural population under the conditions of an animal farm.

The tests have shown that the use of one briquette obtained according to Example 3 inside the farm space of 1800 M 3 kills 100% of said insects as a re- 25 suit of 30 minutes exposition to the aerosol clod within the farm space. The insecticide dose in this case was 22 mg per m 3 of the farm space.

Fv'1-her, the tests have shown that the use of one briquette obtained according to Example 4 in the farm space equal to 3000 m 3 kills 75-100% of said insects at the same exposition to the aerosol cloud. The insecticide dose in this case was 14 mg per m 3 of the farm space.

The insecticidal composition in the form of a briquette having a mass of 1 kg, obtaineeA according to Example 3 and containing O,0-dimethy '-0-(2,2-dichorovinyl) phoaphate as the insecticide in the amount of 80 g, and the insecticidal composition in the form of a briquette with a mass of 1 kg obtained according to Example 4 and containing the same insecticide in the amount of 100 g, have been tested a ainst mosquitoes and gnats under pasture conditions on pasture sections having an area of 0,8-2.0 ha, To this end, one insecticidal briquette obtained according to Example 3 or 4 was placed on the pasture section to be treated windward relative to said section of the pasture. The experimental insects (mosquitoes and gnats) were placed into nets, 10 specimens in each net. On the section of the pasture to be treated said nets with insects were placed at distances 15-30 m from one another, and 1 .5 m above the ground surface.

The tests of the briquettes were carried out in the morning and evening hours at the air temperature of 18-250C, relative humidity of air of 55-98% and, the wind velocity of 0.5-2m/s.

The record keeping of the killed insects in the nets was conducted immediately after the spreadfng of tte aerosol cloud (smoke) on thn treated sectiono of the pasture. The degree of the affection of the insects 26 in the nets served the objective of determining the area of aerosol cloud on the treated section of the pasture.

As the tests have shown, the use of briquettes obtained according to Examples 3 and 4, ensured 100% insecticidal effect at a distance 150-200 m f:rom the place where the briquette had been located. (said distance was measured in the direction of propagation of the aerosol cloud). At a distance of 75-100 m from the placement of the briquette, measured in the direction of propagation of the aerosol cloud, the width of this cloud attained its maximum value within 40-60 m.

From the above it is clear that the use of one briquette obtained according to Example 3 or 4, guarantees an effective protection of farm animals from mosquitoes and gnats on pasture sections having an area of 0.8-2.0 ha.

Insecticidal compositions made as briquettes with a mass of 100g, obtained according to Examples 2 and 7 and containing 3-phenoxybenzyl ester of trans- 3-(2,2-diohlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid as the insecticidr, in the amount of 1 g, have been tested against imagos and larvae of mooquitoes Culex pipiens under the conditions of damp and flooded basements of living and industrial butilings.

Prior to use of said insecticidal compositions it is recommended to seal the basements by closing windows, doors, and ventilation holes.

The insecticidal briquettes were ignited by a burning match, which was followed, in the case of flooded basements treatment, by placement of the briquettes upoi floating wooden planks After 10 minutes the completeness of burning of the briquettes was checked.

The rate of consumption of said insecticidal compositions is 1 briquette with a mass of 1 g of said "4 27 active ingredient (insecticide) per 100 m 3 of the basement, i.e. the dose of the active ingredient per m 3 of the basement, was 10 mg.

Insecticidal and larvicidal activity of the insecticidal compositions was determined according to the following formula: m 2 2 100, where m 1is the number of imagos or larvae of mosquitoes before treatment with the insecticidal composition, m 2 is the number of imagos or larvae of mosquitoes after treatment with the insecticidal comosition.

The number of imagos of mosquitoes was determined in 3-5 points on the walls and ceiling of the ba.ement before the treatment, and after 1, 7, 21 and 42 days following the treatment; then the number of mosquito imagos was calculated in terms of 1 m 2 of the basement surface before the treatment and after said time intervals following the treatment.

The number of mosquito larvae was determined by catching of the larvae with a cuvette having a size of 13 X 18 cm in a single point of the water table of the basement per every 200 m 2 of the water table before the treatment and after 1, 7, 21 and 42 days following the treatment; then the number of larvae was calculated in terms of 1 m 2 of the basement water table before the treatmen and after said time intervals following the I 30 treatment.

Control was accomnplished by means of basements similar to the treated basements with the same dimiensions, moisture level and air temperature but not subected to the treatment with the insecticidal composition..

The test results of said insecticidal composittons used against mosquito imago Culex pipien, given in N Table 2.

C:,

4 Xar*miJ1; :XI 4,t% Ci._lPI I u~ rur~~ 28 Table 2 Nos. Season of Characteris- Number of mosquito imagos treatment tics of per m of the basement basements surface Before After treatment, treat- days ment 1 7 21 42 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Spring- Damp, unsealsummer ed 2 (from March to August) 3 4 5 6 7 Winter e (December) Control damp, unsealed 500 437 2 13 30 68 451 428 443 393 Flooded, unsealed 655 6 120 540 590 Control flooded, unsealed 711 767 805 720 833 Flooded, sealed 2000 6 1 3 0 Control flooded, sealed 1380 1450 1540 1360 1490 Damp, unsealed 16 0 1 Control damp, unsealed 15 14 15 19 Flooded, sealed 70 3 1 2 Control flooded, sealed 29 33 35 27

L,

r 29 As can be seen from the data given in Table 2, treatment of basements with the insecticidal compositions made as briquettes according to Examples 2 and 7 against mosquito imago Culex pipiens at the dose of the above-mentioned insecticide equal to 10 mng per m 3 of the basement, ensures a considerable reduction in the number of mosquito imagos in damp and flooded basements during the first day, and also guarantees the absence of population growth of mosquito imagos for 42 days in basements sealed during the treatment and for 21 days in unsealed basements.

The test results of the action of said insecticidal compositions against posquito larvae Culex pipiens are given in Table 3.

Table 3 NTos. Season Oharac- I-umber of mosquito larvae per m 2 of teris- of the basement water table treat- tics of ment base- Before Time after treatment, days ment the treat- 1 7 21 42 went 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 Spring- Flooded 57 4 4 6 41 summer unseal- (from ed 2 March Control to flooded, August) unsealed 20 28 63 56 3 Flooded, sealed 4000 50 2 0 0 4 Controlflooded, sealed 121 126 130 113 142 Winter Flooded, (Dlecem- sealed ber) 2 0 0 2 6 Controlflooded, sealed 3 3 2 3 30 As can be seen from Table 3, the use of the insecticidal compositions made as briquettes obtained according to Examples 2 and 7, is highly effective not only against mosquito images, but also against their larvae.

labour requirements for the treatment of one basement by means of said insecticidal compositions made as briquettes are 10-15 times lower compared with the treatment of a basement by means of an insecticidal solution or emulsion.

The insecticidal composition made as briquettes having 1 kg mass, obtained according to Example 4 and containing O,00-dimethyl-0-0(2,2-dichlorovinyl) phosphate as the insecticide in the amount of 100 g, has been tested against imagos and larvae of greenhouse whitefly Trialordes vapaarriorum inhabiting tomatoes, cucumbers and gerbera under the conditions of a film greenhouse having an area of 200 m 2 The insecticide dose in this case was 100 mg per m 3 of the greenhouse.

The greenhouse had been sealed before the treatment by closing its windows, doors, ventilation holes.

Then the briquettes were set with a uniform distribution around the greenhouse area, followed by initiation of their smouldering.

Record keeping of the killed imagos of greenhouse whitefly was performed after 4 and 24 hours, and that of larvae during 7 days after the termination of briquettes smouldering.

The efficacy of said insecticidal composition made as briquettes obtained according to Example 4 at the insecticide dose of 100 g per m 3 of the greenhouse was 80% against images of greenhouse whitefly, 67% against mobile larvae, and 58% against larvae of the first instar immobile larvae).

The increase in the dose of the said insecticide to 150 mg per m 3 of the greenhouse space has raised Z34 O ~vj 31 the efficiency of the insecticidal composition up to 99% against imagos and mobile larvae, and up to 83% against larvae of the first instar.

The insecticidal composition made as briquettes obtained according to Example 4, is characterized by a low phytotoxicity. This composition made as briquettes is convenient in use and it is a promising means to control greenhouse whitefly under the conditions of greenhouses.

The insecticidal composition made as briquets having a 100 g mass, obtained according to Example arid containing N-methyl-O-(naphthyl-1) carbamate as the insecticide in the amount of 10 g, has been tested against ticks (Hacmophisalis, Phipicephalis), mites (Gamasoidea) and relapsing-fever tocks (Ornitodorus) inhabiting mouse colonies (Rhombomys).

Treatment of Rhombomys colonies was carried out in the spring time (April). Two typical colonies of Rhombomys were selected for the treatment. Ignited briquettes were placed into the openings of the central holes which were buried with earth after that. Then covering with earth was performed on the holes from which smoke appeared. When all the central part of the colony had been treatgJ, other holes (irostly in the periphery of the colony) were covered with earth (there was no smoke observed coming out of holes), 48 briquettes were used for the treatment of the first colony, 303 openings of holes were buried under earth, and smoke appeared from 202 holes. 35 briquettes were used for the treatment of the second colony, 113 openings of holes were buried under the earth, and smoke appeared from 75 holes. The holes were opened find the mice were combed in order to find living ticks 1-3 days after the colonies had been treated said insecticidal composition. The acaricidal activity of the briquettes obtained according to Example 32 against ticks (Hacmophisalis, Philicephalis), mites (Gamasoidea) and relapsing-fever ticks (Ornitodorus) as calculated on the mice (Rhombomys) was 100%.

The insecticidal composition made as a briquette having a mass of 100 g, obtained according to Example 7 and co.taining 3-phenoxybenzyl ester of trans- 2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid as the insecticide in the amount of 1 mg, has been tested against German cockroaches (Blatella germanica) The tests have been conducted in an unsealed room having a volume of 143 m 3 at an ambient temperature of 21'C and relative humidity of 87%. One briquette was used for the treatment of the room; the insecticide dose was 7 mg per m 3 of the treated room.

After 15 minutes from the start of the treatment of the room, cockroaches of all instars began creping out from all the crevices onto the open parts of the walls and ceiling, which was followed with their falling on the floor in a state of knock-down. In an hour after the start of the treatment more than 80% of cockroaches under visual observation were in the state of knockdown. After 3 hours from the beginning of the treatment 107 cockroaches were found in the state of knock- -down, which was 100% of cockroaches under visual (direct) observation. There were found no cockroaches able to move, After 24 hours from the beginning of the treatment, all the cockroaches continued to be in the state of knock- -do"n, and there were no cockroaches able to move in the room. Cockroaches reappeared in the room after 42 days starting from the moment of treatment.

Thus, it follows from the above that the insecticidal composition proposed made as a briquette is highly effective, fireproof, convenient in use, and the process for produoing same is simple in technology and equipment.

N

~i<1 33 Industrial Applicabilit The above-mentioned insecticidal compositions can find application in medical sanitation, veterinary and agriculture for plant protection.

Claims (4)

1. An insecticidal composition consisting of peat, ammonium nitrate, an insecticide, and water with the following component ratio, mass per cent: peat

30-47 ammonium nitrate 27-49 insecticide 1-15 water the balance said insecticidal composition being shaped as a briqu- ette. 2. An process of preparing an insecticidal compo- sition as claimed in Claim 1, with the use of peat, ammonium nitrate, and water, characterized in tha'? peat is ground to particle size not larger than 1 mm, the ground peat is dried to a residual moisture of 18-25 mass an ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is prepared by dissolving ammonium nitrate in water at a temperature of 80-901C and a mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water of' 80-85:20-15 respectively, the amrmonium nitrate aqueous solution thus prepared is mixed with ground dried peat at a mass ratio of peat to ammonium nitrate aqueous solution of 1 .0:0 .7-1 .7 respectively, the mass obtained as a result of mixing is pressed at a temperature of

60-850C into briquettes, the briquettes obtained are dried at a temperature not higher than 60c to a residual moisture of 14-20 mass the dried briquettes are impre- gnated with the insecticide solution in a highly vola- tile organic solvent in an amount of 1-,15% of the in- secticide for the mass of the briquette, and said orga- nic solvent is removed from the impregnated briquets. 3, A process as plaimiied in Claim 2, characterized in that the ground dried peat is heated to a temperature of 45-55Oc prior to mixing it with the ammonium nitrate aq ous solution. 35 INSECTICIDAL COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME ABSTRACT Insecticidal composition is shaped as a briquette and consists of the following components, mass peat 30-47, ammonium nitrate 27-49, an insecti- cide 1-15, water the balance. The method fo' pro- ducing the insecticidal composition consists in grind- ing peat to a particle size not larger than 1 mm, dry- ing it to a residual moisture of 18-25 mass prepar- ing an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate by dissolv- ing ammonium nitrate in water at 80-90C and at a mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water of 80-85:20-15 res- pectively. The ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is mixed witb ground dried peat at a -ss ,atio of peat to the solution equal to 1 .0:0.7-1 ,7 respectively. The mass obtained is pressed at 60-850C into briquettes, the briquettes are dried at a temperature not higher than 6000 to a residual moisture of 14-20 mass and impregnated with a solution of the insecticide in a highly volatile organic solvent in an amount of 1-15% of the insecticide for the mass of the briqUette, alld said solvent is removed from the impregnated briquettes. INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT international Application No PCT/SU 87/00078 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SIOBJECT MATTER (It several classification symbols apply, Indicate all) According to International Patent Classification (113C) or to both National Classification and iPC IPC 4A 01 N 25/18, 25/20 11. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum Documentation Searched7 Classification System IClassification Symbols IPC4 A 01 N 25/18, 25/20 Documentation Searched other than Minimum Documentation to the Extent that such Documents are Inciuded In the Fields Searched 111, DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT$ Category Citation of Document, I I with Indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages 12 IRelevant to Claim No, 13 A SUI Al, 75434, Vesh1kov et 31 July 1949 1,2 (31.07.49) Y V.S. Yarnykh "Aerozoli V veterinarij", 1972, tKolos, 2 (Moscow), see pages 317-319 A CH, A5, 591808, (Laboratot'ie de (ChiMie et Biologie 2 S.A. ba Salle/senozan) 1 30 Septeipber 1977 (30.09.77), see columni 2; claim A G8, A, 2153227, (Earth chemical Cempany Limited) 1 21 August 1,985 (21.08,85), see page I lines 1Q-15, page 2 Y 1 DE, Cl: 862901t (0eworkschaft Uchte), 15 January 1953 2 A Spravochoik po tor~u, 1982, Nec~ha, (Mo.9cow) see pages 2 442,443,445 Spqcial categories of cited docuimentat to later document, published oftr the Internationa filing dale ocuentdef~lig te gneri ssteof he rt hic isno~or priority date aind niot In conflict With the application but ""dcuntide n t gealsae of particularirelevanoe cited to understand the principle tor theory Underlying the %0 erle document, but published on or after the International sIX" oueto atclrrlvaclte'lie neto filin dalecannot be considlered novel or cannot bc, Considered to

111.1 document which may throw doubts on priority 0lm(s) or involve ani Inventive stop which Is cited to establish the publication dats Of onother OY"1 document. of particular reievancoei the ciaimtid Invention Citation or Other special reason (as Specifiecl) cannot be Considered to Involve an Inventive stop when the 110l document referring to an oral dioclosures use, exhibition or document Is combined with one or more other such docu- Other means ments, such combination being Obvious to a pet ion skilled 11P3' document published prior to the International filing date but In the art, later than the priority date claimed IW' document, member of the same patent famil' IV. CAftTIFlCATIOW, Date of the Actual Cormpletion of the International Search JDate of Mailing of this International Search Report 7 Januatry. 988 (07.01..88) 10 March 1988 (10.03,88) tInternational Searching Authority 11SA/st I- ignature of Authorized Officr Form PC1t/IAjtO (second sheet) (January 1083)