AU2765902A

AU2765902A - Architecture for an ATM subscriber access multiplexer

Info

Publication number: AU2765902A
Application number: AU27659/02A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Richard Haywood Bailey; Eduard Christian Maria Boeykens; Emmanuel Frans Borowski; Richard Marion Czerwiec; Koen Ambroise Godelieve De Wulf; Robert Nicolas Louis Peschi; Kurt Pynaert; Peter Paul Frans Reusens; Frank Ryckebusch; Peter Mathijs Leonard Schepers; Marlin V. Simmering; Joseph E. Sutherland; Dirk Marcel Juliette Van Aken; Gilbert Alfons Francoise Van Campenhout; Chris Van Der Auwera; Peter Alain Richard Van Rompu; Geert Arthur Edith Van Wonterghem; Herman Leo Rosalia Verbueken; Daniel Alois Cornelius Verly
Original assignee: Alcatel CIT SA; Alcatel SA
Current assignee: Alcatel Lucent SAS
Priority date: 1997-07-10
Filing date: 2002-03-25
Publication date: 2002-05-23

Description

004061508v13.doc 1 Architecture For An ATM Subscriber Access Multiplexer System This invention relates to providing high-speed communications services to ordinary residences and small businesses on digital subscriber lines.

The sudden emergence of the Internet has produced an urgent demand for high-speed communications services to ordinary residences and small businesses. These services are distinguished by bursty data patterns and asymmetrical data transfer far more information sent toward the subscriber premises than received from it. A partial response to this need, at least on the physical signal level, has been found in new llxDSLII transmission technologies, such as ADS (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line). These have recently become sophisticated enough to allow dynamic bit-rate adaptation on each subscriber line, so that a wide range of loop lengths can be accommodated. But all this variability (bursty data, dynamic bit rates, etc.) has made it nearly impossible to predict, control, manage, or guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) provided to each subscriber, as required for a viable commercial service.

*o Several companies are working on ADS products using DMT (Discrete Multi-Tone) 15 and/or CAP (Carrier-less Amplitude Phase Modulation) technology each with their own equipment configurations and target applications. These products simply multiplex the ADS data streams together with little or no flexible bandwidth control and no QoS management features.

The applicant does not concede that the prior art discussed herein forms part of the I: common general knowledge in the art, in Australia, at the priority date of the present application.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a shelf for use among a plurality of shelves in a rack for use in a telecommunications system for providing both narrowband and broadband services to a plurality of subscriber premises, including: a housing for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to said plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted copper pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: a upper section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of 1.o a S filt, r nrds with OnnnPnt1nr- thronn fnr inertinn in a h.knlnne, nf qnid housing, and wherein said upper portion of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a lower section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion thereof, each with connectors thereon for 004061508v13.doc 2 insertion in said blackplane of said housing, and wherein said lower section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for said connection to said broadband network.

Preferably said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network.

Preferably, said shelf further includes at least one network element processor.

Preferably, said shelf further includes an alarm collection unit.

Preferably said backplane includes a multiplexer bus with control leads.

Preferably said backplane includes a bus with access granted to said line termination cards 0 according to an access mode requested by said line termination card.

Preferably access to said backplane by said line termination cards is according to a cell aging priority mechanism as well as a quality of service priority mechanism.

Preferably said plurality of said lowpass filter cards is equal to twelve lowpass filter cards S• and wherein said plurality of line termination cards is equal to twelve line termination cards.

Preferably each lowpass filter card and each line termination card has four channels, and wherein said plurality of twisted copper pairs is equal to forty-eight.

Preferably said narrowband network provides a plain old telephone service.

Preferably, said shelf is adapted for mounting in a central office rack among a plurality of shelves.

Preferably said plurality of lowpass filter cards includes twelve lowpass filter cards, wherein said plurality of line termination cards includes twelve line termination cards, and wherein four shelves are mountable in said rack.

Preferably each lowpass filter card and each line termination card has four channels so that said rack serves up to one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs.

Preferably said shelf is mountable in a central office rack capable of mounting four shelves, each shelf serving up to forty-eight twisted copper pairs for a total of one hundred and 004061508v13.doc 3 ninety-two twisted copper pairs servable by said rack.

Preferably up to three adjacent racks can be interconnected in order to support up to five hundred and seventy-six twisted copper pairs.

Preferably said plurality of line termination cards are connected to said at least one network termination card by means of said backplane.

Preferably each of said twisted copper pairs is connected to a corresponding lowpass filter on one of the plurality of lowpass filter cards and to a corresponding highpass filter on one of the plurality of line termination cards.

Preferably each of said twisted copper pairs terminates at a node that forms a means for 10 frequency division multiplexing said narrowband and broadband services.

Preferably said node is connected to a corresponding one of said lowpass filters and a corresponding one of said line termination cards and, in particular, to a highpass filter part of said line termination card. Preferably said frequency division multiplexing node joins a plain old telephone service signal occupying baseband at 0-4 KHz and a data signal allocated bandwidth greater than 4 KHz.

Preferably said bandwidth allocation for data is asymmetrically allocated between Sspectrum used for upstream data as opposed for spectrum used for downstream data, with spectrum used for downstream data predominating.

Preferably said network element processor is used for terminating and processing switched virtual circuit signaling channels.

Preferably the shelf further includes an alarm collection unit, and wherein said network element processor is used for providing an ethernet termination for an alarm collection unit ethernet port.

Preferably said shelf is used as a hub shelf with one or more remote shelves connected thereto.

Preferably said one or more remote shelves are connected to said shelf by means of an aggregate line termination card corresponding to a transport mechanism used to interconnect said shelf used as a hub with said remote shelf, and wherein a function of said corresponding lowpass filter is carried out at said remote shelf.

004061508v13.doc 4 Preferably each said remote shelf is connected to said shelf used as a hub redundantly.

Preferably said remote shelves are connected to said hub redundantly by means of connections to two separate shelves and wherein said hub includes a rack of shelves.

Preferably said shelf accommodates line termination cards for direct connection to subscriber premises and aggregate line termination cards for connection to remote shelves, wherein service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class, each contending for upstream access to said backplane, wherein the service class buffers for aggregate line termination cards have a cell priority equal to a sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer or some percentage thereof, in order that subscriber premises connected 10 to said remote shelves are assigned a fair share of an operating bandwidth of the hub.

Preferably said plurality of lowpass filter cards are housed at least in part in a separate splitter shelf for use in cases where separate service providers are responsible for said narrowband and broadband services, or for a digital loop carrier configuration.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a housing, for connection 15 to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to a plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted copper pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: a first section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said first 20 section of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a second section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion thereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion in said backplane of said housing, and wherein said second section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for said connection to said broadband network.

Preferably said housing further includes at least one network element processor.

Preferably said housing further includes an alarm collection unit.

Preferably said backplane includes a multiplexer bus with control leads.

004061508v13.doc Preferably said backplane includes a bus with access granted to said line termination cards according to an access mode requested by said line tennrmination card.

Preferably said access to said backplane by said line termination cards is according to a cell aging priority mechanism as well as a quality of service priority mechanism.

Preferably said plurality of said lowpass filter cards is equal to twelve lowpass filter cards and wherein said plurality of line termination cards is equal to twelve line termination cards.

Preferably said narrowband network is for providing a plain old telephone service.

10 Preferably said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network.

Preferably the housing is adapted for mounting in a central office rack among a plurality of shelves.

Preferably said plurality of lowpass filter cards includes twelve lowpass filter cards, 15 wherein said plurality of line termination cards includes twelve line termination cards, and wherein four shelves are mountable in said rack.

.i Preferably the housing is mountable in a central office rack capable of mounting four shelves, each shelf serving up to forty-eight twisted copper pairs for a total of one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs servable by said rack.

Preferably, up to three adjacent racks can be interconnected in order to support up to five hundred and seventy-six twisted copper pairs.

Preferably, said plurality of line termination cards are connected to said at least one networki termination card hvby means of said backniane, Preferably each of said twisted copper pairs is connected to a corresponding lowpass filter on one of the plurality of lowpass filter cards and to a corresponding highpass filter on one of the plurality of line termination cards.

004061508v13.doc 6 Preferably each of said twisted copper pairs tennrminates at a node that forms a means for frequency division multiplexing said narrowband and broadband services. Preferably said node is connected to a corresponding one of said lowpass filters and a corresponding one of said line termination cards and, in particular, to a highpass filter part of said line termination card.

Preferably said frequency division multiplexing node joins a plain old telephone service signal occupying baseband at 0-4 KHz and a data signal allocated bandwidth greater than 4 KHz.

Preferably said bandwidth allocation for data is asymmetrically allocated between spectrum used for upstream data as opposed for spectrum used for downstream data, with spectrum used for downstream data predominating.

10 Preferably said network element processor is used for terminating and processing switched virtual circuit signaling channels.

Preferably said housing further includes an alarm collection unit and wherein said network element processor is used for providing an ethemrnet termination for an alarm collection unit ethernet port.

15 Preferably said housing is used as a remote housing used as a hub shelf with one or more remote shelves connected thereto.

Preferably each said remote shelf is connected to said shelf used as a hub redundantly.

Preferably said shelf accommodates line termination cards for direct connection to subscriber premises and aggregate line termination cards for connection to remote shelves, wherein service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class, each contending for upstream access to said backplane, wherein the service class buffers for aggregate line termination cards have a cell priority equal to a sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer or some percentage thereof, in order that subscriber premises connected 004061508v13.doc 7 to said remote shelves are assigned a fair share of an operating bandwidth of the hub.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a shelf, including: a housing for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to said plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: a first section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass 10 filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said first section of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a second section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion thereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion S" in said backplane of said housing, and wherein said second section includes at least one end 15 portion reserved for at least one network termination card for connection to said broadband network.

"Preferably said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network.

Preferably, said shelf further includes at least one network element processor.

Preferably, said shelf further includes an alarm collection unit.

Preferably said backplane includes a multiplexer bus with control leads.

Preferably said backplane includes a bus with access granted to said line termination cards according to an access mode requested by said line tennrmination card.

004061508v13.doc 8 Preferably said narrowband network provides a plain old telephone service.

Preferably each lowpass filter card and each line termination card has four channels so 10 that said rack serves up to one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs.

Preferably said shelf is mountable in a central office rack capable of mounting four i* •shelves, each shelf serving up to forty-eight twisted copper pairs for a total of one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs servable by said rack.

Preferably up to three adjacent racks can be interconnected in order to support up to five S 15 hundred and seventy-six twisted copper pairs.

Preferably each of said twisted copper pairs terminates at a node that forms a means for frequency division multiplexing said narrowband and broadband services.

Preferably said bandwidth allocation for data is asymmetrically allocated between 004061508v13.doc 9 spectrum used for upstream data as opposed for spectrum used for downstream data, with spectrum used for downstream data predominating.

10 Preferably said one or more remote shelves are connected to said shelf by means of an aggregate line termination card corresponding to a transport mechanism used to interconnect said shelf used as a hub with said remote shelf, and wherein a function of said corresponding lowpass filter is carried out at said remote shelf.

15 Preferably said remote shelves are connected to said hub redundantly by means of connections to two separate shelves and wherein said hub includes a rack of shelves.

Preferably said shelf accommodates line termination cards for direct connection to subscriber premises and aggregate line termination cards for connection to remote shelves, wherein service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class, each contending for upstream access to said backplane, wherein the service class buffers for aggregate line termination cards have a cell priority equal to a sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer or some percentage thereof, in order that subscriber premises connected to said remote shelves are assigned a fair share of an operating bandwidth of the hub.

Preferably said plurality of lowpass filter cards are housed at least in part in a separate splitter shelf for use in cases where separate service providers are responsible for said narrowband and broauuand services, ol for a l1digal looUp carrie configuratio.Lr n.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a shelf for use among a plurality of shelves in a rack for use in a telecommunications system for providing both narrowband and broadband services to a plurality of subscriber premises, including: a housing 004061508vl3.doc for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to said plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted copper pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: an upper section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said upper portion of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a lower section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion thereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion in said backplane of said housing, and wherein said lower section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for cable connection to said broadband network.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a line termination equipment for use in a shelf of a telecommunications system, said line termination equipment for connection to a plurality of subscriber lines for connection to a corresponding plurality of 15 subscriber premises, said line termination equipment including: plural subscriber channels, each o° S including a hybrid circuit for connection to a corresponding twisted pair from a corresponding subscriber premises, each channel including: a highpass filter for isolating a telephony signal occupying a baseband position in a frequency-division mutiplexed signal from a wideband signal occupying a position above baseband; a modulator/encoder, responsive to said wideband signal 20 for providing an encoded and modulated wideband signal to said hybrid circuit for providing said encoded and modulated wideband signal on said twisted copper pair in said position above baseband; and a demodulator/decoder, responsive to a wideband signal from said subscriber premises for providing a demodulated and decoded wideband signal to said wideband network.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided a line termination equipment for use in a shelf of a telecommunications system, said line termination equipment for connection to a plurality of subscriber lines for connection to a corresponding plurality of subscriber equipment at a plurality of subscriber premises, said line termination equipment incIUUing:a. pILuraL sUVscnlle CllannelflS, caci incluLingL a llyuliU circuiL t IUor connI cion II U corresponding twisted pair from a corresponding subscriber premises, each channel including: a highpass filter for isolating a telephony signal occupying a baseband position in a frequencydivision multiplexed signal from a broadband signal occupying a position above baseband; a 004061508v13.doc 11 modulator/encoder, responsive to said broadband signal for providing an encoded and modulated broadband signal to said hybrid circuit for providing said encoded and modulated broadband signal on said twisted copper pair in said position above baseband; and a demodulator/decoder, responsive to a broadband signal from said subscriber premises for providing a demodulated and decoded broadband signal to said broadband network.

Preferably the line termination equipment further includes an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interface to a backplane bus of said shelf for processing ATM cells.

Preferably said modulator/encoder and demodulator/decoder include a distinct integrated circuit mounted on said line termination equipment and wherein said ATM interface also includes a distinct integrated circuit mounted on said line termination equipment.

In a preferred embodiment the line termination equipment further includes a digital signal processor coupled to said hybrid for separating a received signal from a transmitted signal on said twisted pair, wherein said digital signal processor is also a distinct integrated circuit.

:*Got* 4 o :Preferably said encoded and modulated broadband signal includes information mapped •9 onto a plurality of carrier frequencies according to a mapping table, wherein each of said frequencies carries a number of bits according to said mapping table, and wherein said demodulated and decoded broadband signal contains information demapped from a plurality of upstream carrier frequencies according to a demapping table, wherein each of said upstream 5 frequencies carries a number of bits according to said demapping table.

20 Preferably said encoded and modulated broadband signal and said demodulated and I decoded broadband signal are coded and decoded according to a forward error correction code.

The plural subscriber channels are preferably separated into sub-pluralities of subscriber channels, each sub-plurality resident on a line termination card for insertion in a backplane bus of said shelf. Each sub-plurality of subscriber channels preferably includes four subscriber channels.

Preferably the line termination equipment of further includes an asynchronous transfer mode interface for processing ATM cells.

The encoded and modulated signal is preferably encoded according to a carrierless amplitude and phase modulation technique, and wherein said demodulated and decoded broadband signal is demodulated according to a carrierless amplitude and phase demodulation technique.

Preferably the line termination equipment further includes an asynchronous transfer mode 004061508v13.doc 12 (ATM) interface to a backplane bus of said shelf for processing ATM cells.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention there is provided a line termination card for connection to a plurality of subscriber lines, said line termination card including: a plurality of line termination paths, each including: a hybrid for connection to a twisted pair; a digital signal processor coupled to said hybrid for separating a received signal from a transmitted signal on said twisted pair; a device for mapping/demapping information carried on a plurality of carrier frequencies on said twisted pair according to a mapping/demapping table, wherein each of said frequencies carries a number of bits according to said mapping/demapping table; and an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interface to a shelf backplane bus into which said line 10 termination card is insertable for processing ATM cells received and transmitted to said bus and for providing and receiving bits to and from said device for mapping/demapping said information.

Preferably said plurality of line termination paths is equal to four line termination paths S so that said line termination card is for connection to four subscriber lines.

S"In a preferred embodiment said digital signal processor said device for 15 mapping/demapping information, and said ATM interface are distinct integrated circuits mounted o on said line termination card.

eeoc said device for mapping/demapping information is preferably also for coding/decoding said information for purposes of error correction.

Access to said shelf backplane bus is preferably granted to one or more of said plurality S 20 of line termination paths according to an access grant criterion based on quality of service associated to said at least one of said plurality of line termination paths.

Preferably said access to said shelf backplane bus is granted according to a second grant criterion, including an aging mechanism wherein when a terminal subscribing to a non-guaranteed class of service does not get access within a predetermined period, its priority is increased according to a selected algorithm to a value within a range corresponding to an access mode having a higher access probability.

According to an eight aspect of the present invention there is provided a line termination card for use in a shelf, including: a plurality of line termination paths, each including: a high-pass filter and hybrid for connection to a twisted pair; a digital signal processor coupled to said highpass filter and hybrid for converting a received upstream signal from analog to digital and for converting a transmitted downstream signal from digital to analog; a device for coding/decoding and mapping/demapping information carried on a plurality of carrier frequencies according to a 004061508v13.doc 13 mapping table, wherein each of said frequencies carries a number of bits according to said mapping table; and an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interface to a shelf backplane bus into which said line termination card is insertable for processing of ATM cells both upstream and downstream.

Preferably said plurality of line termination paths equals four line termination paths.

In a preferred embodiment said device for coding/decoding and mapping/demapping information includes a fast Fourier transformer as well as an inverse fast Fourier transformer for providing and receiving a complex representation of a plurality of carrier frequencies downstream and upstream for respectively receiving and providing downstream and upstream time signals.

10 Configurations of the architecture are taught for equipment located in local Central Offices, Remote sites and at customers' premises, as appropriate for a variety of cable plant topologies.

The system building blocks (boards, connectors, shields, etc.) are physically organised in a new S0. shelf arrangement detailed below that packs all these features into a high-density shelf that can .0 0 be installed easily in conventional central offices, and remote cabinets and vaults.

15 Thus, the present invention may provides a high-speed digital access communications system, covering a wide range of configurations and applications, using new packet and XDSL technologies with the possibility to offer subscribers the variety of QoS classes defined, for example, in the various ATM Forum specifications. Since it uses the existing copper cable plant 0 already deployed throughout the developed world, the system is economical allowing Local 20 Exchange Carriers to compete with alternative service providers such as CATV companies (which are deploying heavily overbooked cable modem technology on their coax cable plant). The system also preserves the reliability and simplicity of analog "lifeline" POTS, so that subscribers and telephone operating companies are not required to change the way voice services are provided.

These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description of an exemplary embodiment thereof, as illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure 1 illustrates a basic XDSL shelf layout, which may be an ADS shelf in the embodiment illustrated, for use, for example, in an ATM subscriber access multiplexer (ASAM) system, according to the present invention.

004061508v13.doc 14 Figure 1A shows the shelf of Figure 1 in detail, and in particular shows how front access is achieved.

Figure 1B shows a standard configuration of XDSL shelves in a Central Office (CO) rack, according to the present invention.

Figure 1C shows a shelf without cards, with various connectors for connection to the backplane, a terminal block, etc.

Figure 1D shows a side view of a shelf, according to the present invention.

Figure 1E shows a rack, according to the present invention, for housing a selected number of shelves, according to the present invention.

:10 Figure 2 shows a functional block diagram of the present invention whereby high speed packetized data in, eg., ATM format is combined with traditional POTS service, eg., in an XDSL shelf which may be an ADS shelf in the embodiment illustrated for providing the means whereby POTS lifeline services on a twisted copper pair are overlaid with high speed digital services for communicating high bandwidth services to a customer's premises.

go Figure 3 shows further details of the XDSL shelf of Figure 2 which can be an ADS shelf, as illustrated, for serving a plurality of customer premises, in this case with up to 48 lines.

Figure 3A illustrates a bus access method for prioritized data wherein guaranteed bandwidth and overbooking in a same QoS class is mixed with a fairness feature, according to the present invention.

Figure 4 shows additional flexibility built into an XDSL shelf which is shown here in two different embodiments, one called a "hub" and the other a "remote", for use in an ASAM system, according to the present invention.

Figure 4A shows LT-LPF BPA wiring and LT-BPA transceivers for supporting the "hub" applications with DS-3 links to "remote" shelves, according to the present invention.

Figure 4B shows wiring with non-redundant DS-3 LT card installed for the "hub" application, according to the present invention.

Figure 4C shows redundant DS-3 LTs on the same shelf in a "hub" application, according to the present invention.

004061508v13.doc Figure 4D shows switch signal wiring for redundant DS3 LTs in the same shelf for a "hub" application, according to the present invention.

Figure 4E shows a solution for DS-3 LT card redundancy in separate shelves for a "hub" application, so as to provide IQ bus redundancy, according to the present invention, where only a single IQ bus is provided per shelf.

Figure 5 shows how the hub and remotes of Figure 4 could be deployed in one embodiment of an ASAM system, according to the present invention.

Figure 6 shows four XDSL shelves in one rack of an ASAM system; the shelves may be ADS shelves as illustrated, for use with redundant IQ bus extender cards (EXT) in an bank 10 switchover scheme to extend the IQ bus to additional shelves to serve, eg., with three such racks, up to 576 subscribers.

te Figure 7A shows a schematic block diagram of a lowpass filter card for insertion in one of the slots 24 in the upper section 22 of the shelf 10 of Figure 1.

Figure 7B shows a side view of such a lowpass filter card with four lowpass filter/splitter 15 circuits thereon, for insertion in a slot of the upper portion 22 of the shelf 10 of Figure 1.

Figure 7C shows a front view of the card of Figure 7B, as seen from the front of the shelf of Figure 1.

S* Figure 7D shows an optional separate splitter shelf, according to the present invention.

Figure 8 shows a separate splitter shelf, such as that of Figure 7D, used to add XDSL service to an existing DLC, according to the present invention.

Figure 8A shows an ADS remote cabinet, such as shown in Figure 8 in more detail, wherein the configuration shows supports up to 96 lines in a type 3002 cabinet.

Figure 9 shows a compact XDSL shelf, in this case, an ADS RAM (remote access mux) shelf, according to the present invention.

Figure 10 shows a functional block diagram of an LT card, according to the present invention.

Figure 10A shows a front view of an LT card.

Figure 10B shows a side view of an LT card.

004061508v13.doc 16 Figure 11 shows a simplified block diagram illustration of a channel of an LT card in a shelf connected to a subscriber ADS modem via a twisted pair, according to the present invention.

Figure 12 shows an example of frequency allocation of the telephony and the QAMmodulated subchannels (tones) individually optimised as a function of line impairments, according to the present invention.

Figure 13A shows a simplified block diagram of an ADSL modem for use in a subscriber's premises, according to the present invention.

Figure 13B shows the exterior of a physical embodiment of an ADSL modem such as shown in Figure 13A.

10 Figure 13C shows an LED layout for the modem of Figure 13B.

o*

C.

Figure 13D is a table showing the meanings of the various LED indicators of Figure 13C.

Figure 13E shows a more detailed functional block diagram of an ADSL modem for use in a subscriber's premises, according to the present invention.

e. Figure 14A is a simplified block diagram illustration of an NT card, according to the present invention.

Figure 14B is a table illustrating some of the downstream and upstream functions of the NT card of Figure 14A.

Figure 14C shows a front view of an NT card, according to the present invention.

Figure 14D shows a side view of an NT card, according to the present invention.

Figure 14E shows a more detailed block diagram of an NT card, according to the present invention.

Figure 14F shows a cell header structure for an ATM cell which is the main entity which is conveyed through an ATM network.

Figure 14G is a table showing the routing of received ATM cells depending upon certain bits in the cell header, combinations of which can be checked according to the modes shown in the table.

Figure 14H shows an IQ bus cell layout, according to the present invention.

004061508v13.doc 17 Figure 15A is a block diagram of an ADS Alarm Control Unit (ACU).

Figure 15B lists the functions of the signals of the ACU of Figure Figure 16 shows an actual physical embodiment of an ACU card for insertion in the rightmost slot of the shelf of Figure 1.

Figure 17 is a side view of the ACU card of Figure 16.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments Figure 1 shows a new shelf arrangement 10 for use in a subscriber access multiplexer system according to the invention. The embodiment shown is for use in an ATM subscriber S" access multiplexer (ASAM) system, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited :10 to ATM embodiments. The shelf 10 is populated by at least one or a redundant pair of network termination (NT) cards 12a, 12b, up to twelve XDSL, in this case ADSL (Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line), line termination (LT) cards 14, an equal number of Low Pass Filter (LPF) cards 24, an optional Network Element Processor (NEP) 16a (or an optional redundant pair 16a, 16b), and an Alarm Collection Unit (ACU) 18. An LT card is described in more detail below in •D 15 connection with Figure 10, while a network termination card is described in more detail below in connection with Figure 14A-14E. A lowpass filter card is disclosed in more detail below in connection with Figs. 7A, 7B and 7C. An alarm collection unit (ACU) 18 is shown in block diagram form in Figure 15, and a physical embodiment is shown in Figure 16.

SThese cards can be mounted as shown in Figure 1 in a bottom section 20 of the shelf and can be, eg., six rack spaces in height where one rack space equals 1.75 inches (4.45 cm). An upper portion 22 of the shelf can be, eg., three rack spaces in height for containing up to, eg., twelve lowpass filter (LPF) cards 24, with each LPF card dedicated to an associated ADSL-LT directly below it. Also in the upper portion 22 of the shelf 10 may be located connections 26 for POTS (plain old telephone service) interfaces and connections 28 for drop tip/ring leads, connections 30 for power, and a small board 32 for DS-3-NT equipment protection as explained below. The POTS can, but need not, be in analog baseband form. It could take other forms, such as ISDN. Note that the lowpass filters 24 are grouped in the centre of the upper portion 22 of the shelf, with the connections 26 for POTS and connections 28 for drop tip/ring leads for location at ends 33 of the upper portion 22 of the shelf. Since the lowpass filters plug into the backplane upon insertion in slots of the shelf and do not connect to cables, they are positioned in the centre 004061508v13.doc 18 of the upper portion 22. The connections 26, 28, 30 and 32, on the other hand, require cabling access and are positioned, according to the present invention, at the ends 33 to facilitate such connections near the periphery of the shelf 19, rather than requiring cables passing over central portions of the shelf. Similarly, the LT cards 14 are positioned in the centre of the lower section 20 of the shelf 10, since they do not require cabling and are connected to other modules by the backplane, to which they are connected via a connector upon insertion. Thus, the NTs 12A, 12B, the NEPs 16A, 16B and the ACU 18 are positioned at ends 35 of the lower section 20 to provide easy cable access. It is also noted that the shelf is designed entirely for front access. The shelf can be dimensioned to fit both U.S. and European equipment racks, eg., being 498 mm wide and 285 mm deep.

The ADS-LTs and the LPFs are dimensioned as four lines per card. As such, a basic shelf supports forty-eight ADS lines in a physical configuration shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1A shows a front view of an actual shelf with redundant NT cards, 12 LT cards, 12 corresponding LPF cards, and an ACU card all inserted therein. Figure 1B shows a plurality 15 of shelves mounted in a central office rack, such as shown in Figure 1E, in a standard configuration for serving 192 ADS lines. Up to four adjacent racks can share the same feeder by using extension units installed in place ofNTs, as explained below in connection with Figure 6.

In that case, a single, optionally-protected NT card can support up to 576 ADS lines. Figure 1C shows the shelf of Figure 1A without any cards installed and shows the connectors installed in S 20 the backplane, into which mating connectors on the cards are insertable by sliding the cards into the slots shown. In this way, front-access-only is achieved. A side view of the shelf is shown in Figure 1D.

It should be realised that without modification the LTs could be located in the upper portion and the LPFs in the lower portion. Similarly, the various power and connection sections can be located other than as shown exactly in Figure 1. Thus, the ATM subscriber access multiplexer (ASAM) shelf described above, although unique, can have additional as well as other physical and packaging arrangements to fit particular applications. In addition to the abovedescribed front-access-only shelf compatible with both U.S. and international racks, the abovedescribed shelf facilitates high density, ie., small volume per line design. Also included is a practical high-speed (155-622 Mb/s) backplane data bus. It contains a simple, flexible shelf ID (identification) mechanism, connectorization and wiring is designed for future BITS capability.

004061508v13.doc 19 It satisfies both U.S. and European electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements. It includes card arrangement for NT and LT cabling for TWP, coaxial, or fibre.

As suggested above, it can be utilised as a full sized LT shelf for maximum density and minimum cost, as shown in Figure 1B for a CO, or as described more fully below in connection with Figure 9 as a mini-sized shelf for small remote sites.

The POTS lowpass filters (LPF) 24 of Figure 1 can be passive filters that are contained as shown in separate units for ensuring POTS immunity to XDSL failures, maintenance and "chum" as well as for lower digital/analog crosstalk. In other words, an LT card or any other aspect of the ADS channel can be maintained without disturbing the POTS. Consequently, overall 10 performance is increased.

A functional block diagram of an LT/LPF pair from the group 14, 24 of Figure 1 is shown serving a single copper pair 36 in Figure 2. Although only a single twisted copper pair 36 is S• shown, it should be realised that the preferred embodiment includes four twisted copper pairs per LT/LPF card pair. In other words, the LT/LPF blocks shown within the ADS shelf section 34 will S 15 be replicated four times for each such LTJLPF pair shown in Figure 1 (See the LT card of Figure 0, 0% As seen in Figure 2, an ADS data stream formatted as ATM cells are transported over the copper pair 36 formerly used for telephony only (POTS service) in an overlay fashion, through the use of highpass filters 38, 39 and lowpass filters 40,42 at both the ADS shelf to the left of a dash line 44 and at the subscriber premises on the right side of the line 44. The line 44 signifies the place where copper distribution to the subscriber begins. Normally, the ADS shelf section 34 will be part of a shelf 10 such as shown in Figure 1A within a rack in a central office, as shown in Figure 1B, within which office also resides a CO switch 46 and a broadband switch such as a packet switch, eg., an ATM switch 48. The broadband switch could be located elsewhere, such as further upstream. The CO switch 46 is for connection to a switched telephone network, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN) for providing POTS service on a line 50 to the twisted copper pair 36 and into customer premises via copper wires 52 at the customerC end, as shown in Figure 2 on the right-hand side of a dashed line 54, signifying a customer premises boundary, for connection to a telephone 56 for normal voice communication. However, the ADS shelf 34 could just as easily be located in a remote cabinet in association with a DLC (Digital 004061508v13.doc Loop Carrier) shelf, as described further below, with both ATM traffic and POTS being carried to it, eg., by a SONET (Synchronous Optical NETwork) transport product.

The ATM switch 48 is for connection to an ATM network which provides connection to various services, including Internet Service Providers (ISPS) and other high bandwidth service providers. The ATM switch 48 provides ATM formatted data on a line 58 to a network termination (NT) card 60 which is, in turn, connected to a plurality of ADS line termination (LT) cards such as the card 62 which includes the highpass filter 38 for providing the ADS signal on a line 64 to a junction node 66 for combination with the normal telephony signals provided by the lowpass filter 40. The node 66 thus forms a means for frequency division multiplexing, ie., 10 joining the POTS service on the line 50 at a low frequency with the high bandwidth services ~provided on the line 58 and converted to ADS by the LT 62 at a higher frequency for passing through the filter 38 and on to the line 64 for combination with the telephony service at the node 66 of the twisted copper pair 36. Figure 12 (not to scale) shows an example of bandwidth allocation for POTS service at baseband, eg., 0-4 kHz, with DMT technology used for the ADS S: 15 signal between 40 kHz and 1.1 MHz. In this case, the spectrum allocated for use downstream is much larger than that allocated for upstream, and hence the designation as "asymmetrical" digital subscriber line (ADS).

Referring back to Figure 2, at the customer end 54, a node 68 allows the signal on the line 36 to be split off on a line 70 before passing a telephony signal through a lowpass filter 42 in a Network Interface Device (NID) (not shown). The NID can be an enclosure (box) for mounting on the wall of a house, and both the node 68 and LPF 42 can be inside the NID. The line 70 is connected to an ADS modem 72 which highpass filters the signal on the line 70 and demodulates and decodes the ADS signal for providing a high bandwidth signal on a line 74 to customer premises equipment such as, but not limited to, a personal computer (PC) 76. The NID enclosure can be, for example, as shown in copending and co-owned patent application filed on even date herewith entitled 11 Apparatus for Mounting a Low Pass Filter in a Telephone Network Interface Box" having U.S. Serial No. (Atty. Docket No. 907-158).

It should be mentioned that the POTS signals in the baseband part of the signal spectrum of the signal on the line 36 of Figure 2 can include conventional analog modem and even mechanised loop testing (MLT) signals, neither of which will be degraded by or affect the ADS 004061508v13.doc 21 service.

The functional block diagram shown in Figure 2 illustrates both the data and telephony paths to the customer. The shelf (basic shelf) architecture is further illustrated in Figure 3. The basic shelf 10 includes an "IQ bus" including control leads 78, which is more fully described in copending U.S. provisional patent application Serial No. (Atty. Docket No. 902-583) entitled "Method for Prioritized Data Transmission and Data Transmission Arrangement", filed on even date herewith and which is hereby incorporated by reference. As was known in the prior art, whenever a number of any kind of terminal units need to access a common medium or bus, some access grant criterion is needed, eg., upon a grant signal, each terminal unit enters an arbitration .0 r. 10 phase based on the respective priority values assigned to the terminal unit. The problem with this is a problem of fairness, in that the terminal having a low priority might never get access. In brief, and as illustrated in Figure 3A, the IQ bus invention makes the priority adaptable after each grant cycle, so that if a unit does not get access, its priority can be increased. In addition, the priority value can be linked to an access mode requested by the terminal unit, eg., a Guaranteed Cell Rate 15 GCR (CBR, VBR, ABR in case of an ATM-based bus), Non-Guaranteed Cell Rate NGCR (VBR, ABR, EBR in case of an ATM-based bus) by allocating value ranges to each access mode, increase of the priority then being limited by the boundaries of the respective ranges. For instance, 0 five different levels of QoS classes are shown at the left-hand side of Figure 3A, with the lower three classes having both guaranteed cell rate and nonguaranteed cell rate subclasses indicated.

20 Naturally, the constant bit rate (CBR) and variable bit rate-real time (VBRrt) classes do not have 0 non-guaranteed cell rate (NGCR), since they must be guaranteed. The nonguaranteed cell rates are shown grouped at the bottom of the priority mapping to the right, which shows QoS subclasses with guaranteed subclasses at the top (shaded). Nevertheless, according to the present invention, overbooking of non-guaranteed bandwidth is allowed by providing not only prioritization, as shown, but also an aging mechanism, as shown on the far right of Figure 3A.

When a terminal subscribing to a non-guaranteed class of service does not get access within a predetermined period, its priority is increased according to a selected algorithm to a value within aange Corresponding toanaccess mode hng a highe acc n neparticlar and non-limiting way of defining priority values is suggested in Figure 3A, with 2"-1 priority values defined and evenly allocated (for instance) among the QoS subclasses. As an example, for a hardened-UBR QoS class, the guaranteed cell rate (GCR) is normally defined as a number of cells 004061508v13.doc 22 per second. A period having a time defined by the inverse thereof can thus be defined as shown

V

in Figure 3A, indicating how the priority of the cell from the lowest subclass (NonGuaranteed Hardened UBR) can be increased after it is not granted access to the bus after a waiting time T I/GCR seconds. In the example shown, the priority is increased in a single step to that of the Guaranteed Hardened UBR subclass, thus statistically implementing a minimum cell rate for the lowest subclass. These teachings advantageously provide a flexible method allowing access based on a type of access mode and on agreed access parameters. The IQ bus is thus distinguished by a unique grant mechanism and fairness algorithm. It provides multiple QoS classes with multiple cell priorities per class. It features a cell aging priority mechanism, as well as a QoS priority mechanism to ensure cells comply with the class of service parameters defined in Bellcore •Specification GR- 1110. It is provided with fault tolerance and recovery mechanisms, allowing any fault on the multiplex bus to be quickly identified and isolated. It has a redundant extension S6'. capability as well, as described below in connection with Figure 6. The IQ bus builds upon an *0 earlier bus" (without QoS) described in copending U.S. provisional patent application Serial No. (Atty. Docket No. 902-581) entitled "Priority-Based Access Control Method and Arrangement", filed on even date herewith, and which is also hereby incorporated by reference.

As shown in both Figs. 1 and 3, the NTs 12a, 12b can be provided in either a redundant or non-redundant configuration. In this architecture, the normal NE processing is performed by the NT, and the NT can be provided as either a SONET User Network Interface (UNI) interface, 20 a DS-3 UNI interface or later, a DS1 inverse multiplex UNI interface. If SONET NTs are provided as redundant pairs, Automatic Protection Switching (APS) is provided using the normal 1+1 switchover mechanism detailed in Bellcore document GR-253. On SONET NTs, the physical interface (fibre) is located on the faceplate of the NT itself(see Figs 14C and 14D), with no need of additional interface circuitry. If, however, NTs are provided as DS-3 ports, equipment protection (without cable protection) is provided using the DS-3 I/0 board 32 shown in Figure 1 installed above the NTs in the shelf, allowing the single DS-3 facility (coax cable Tx/Rx pair) to be split and accessed by either NT (inter-NT communication arbitrates which one is active).

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the heart of the ADS shelf architecture is the abovementioned IQ bus and control leads 78. The IQ bus effectively acts as a multiplexer at the same effective speed as the NT physical interface. Since ADS-LTs provide several classes of service (as defined in Bellcore document GR-1110 and the ATM Forum Standards), a grant 004061508v13.doc 23 mechanism allows higher priority upstream cells greater access to this ATM MUX bus, in order to meet the QoS parameters required of the respective services provided. As mentioned, two methods of cell priority can be chosen to guarantee QoS requirements and relative fairness--a weighting priority mechanism (based on service guarantees) and an aging mechanism (based on time a cell has been waiting for a grant). This mechanism is unique and the subject of the abovementioned provisional application Serial No. (Atty Docket 902-583), which has been incorporated by reference.

The ACU 18 in Figure 3 is shown in block diagram formn in Figure 15, and it performs the following functions: collects external customer designated alarm contacts on lines 80 and 10 forwards these events to the NT 12a via lines 78; collects failure indications in the rack and forwards this information to the NT 12a; receives processed alarm data from the NT and displays the alarm condition (critical, major, minor) on the ACU's faceplate as well as providing contact closures for visual and audible (and telemetry alarms) to a rack fuse panel and to a CO alarm interface via a line 82. The ACU also contains: an alarm cutoff (ACO) function to 15 silence audible indications until a new alarm is detected (as well as a remote ACO function via line 82); a craft interface port 84 for controlling OAM and P functions of the ADS NE (using a link to the processor in the NT); an ethernet port for OS connection via the NEP; and a lamp test function. One ACU card is provided per rack when a system spans multiple racks. An ACU is provided per NT (or redundant NT pair) when multiple systems reside in a given rack.

20 Multiple systems reside in a given rack when a very wide bandwidth is to be served by, eg., a single shelf. In such a case, a single shelf may use up the entire bandwidth of an OC-3 or DS-3 cable.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 10, each ADS LT 14a, 141 communicates with up to four remote modems (ADS NT or ANT) at corresponding customer premises via DMT (Discrete Multi-Tone) per T1.413 (see Figure 12), using ATM cells as the data transport format, according to the present invention. The subscriber can have a lowpass filter (LPF) 42 mounted, for example, on the outside wall of his home in an NID (Network Interface Device) box to separate the low frequency service (telephony) from the higher frequency services (ADS). As mentioned, a way to mount such an LPF within an existing design NID is shown in copending application U.S.

Serial No. (Atty. Docket 907-158) filed on even date herewith and which is hereby incorporated by reference. The two services, once split, use different twisted pairs in the house wiring, with 004061508v13.doc 24 the ADS pair terminating in either an ANT or directly in a PC via an NIC (Network Interface Card). ANTS, for example, can come in two types: one with an ATMF 25.6 Mb/s interface, the other with an ethernet interface (in this case the ANT packages the ethemet data as ATM cells using AAL5 (ATM Adaptation Layer 5) protocol). Both options can be provided on the same ANT, as shown in Figure 13B.

The basic shelf 10 also contains, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3,1 an optional network element processor (NEP) redundant pair 16a, 16b, which communicates over the IQ bus 78 mechanism and communicates with its redundant partner over separate leads 86 to determine which one is active. The NEP can terminate signalling channels for SVC (switched virtual connection) services 10 or PVC (permanent virtual connection) services and can terminate the ACU ethernet port.

o a Presently, the two NEP cards 16a, 16b of Figs. 1 and 3 are not being implemented, Salthough there are two slots reserved for it. It is planned to be available later for terminating and processing SVC (Switched Virtual Circuit) signalling channels, and for providing an ethernet termination for the ACU ethernet port. There are no other functions presently planned for the 15 NEP cards.

As shown in Figure 4, the basic shelf 10 may also be used as a "hub" shelf 90, with one or more ADS-LT slots populated by DS-3-LTs or other cards such as OC-3, DS-1 inverse mux LTs, etc. Each DS-3-LT connects the hub to a concatenated "remote" ADS shelf 96, 98, as shown in Figure 4. In such cases, for the hub, the IILPFII modules above the DS-3-LTs are replaced with DS-3-LT interface modules (one type for nonredundant operation and another type for redundant DS-3 "equipment protection" operation). A third type of DS-3 LT interface module can be provided for redundant IQ bus operation, with the DS-3-LTs being on separate shelves for reliability purposes (due to there being only one IQ bus per shelf). The present architecture uniquely provides for each of these redundancy options.

As shown in Figure 4A, the LT-LPF backplane wiring is shown with LT transceivers. In this case, the LPF and LT cards can be configured for redundancy of the LT cards to be inserted in the LT slots in either a same shelf or in separate shelves. For example, in Figure 4B, a nonredundant option LT is shown with a DS-3 interface inserted in LPF slot 1, wherein input and output DS-3 coax cables from a CO switch are connected to a DS-3 interface card for insertion 004061508v13.doc in LPF slot 1, which is connected through the backplane to a DS-3-LT card for insertion in LT slot 1, such as the DS-3-LT card 92 of Figure 4. The lowpass filter function is carried out at the remote shelf 96 of Figure 4 where a DLC is available. The configuration shown in Figure 4B for LT slot 1 and LPF slot 1 could also be used in connection with Figure 4E, as explained below.

Figure 4C shows an application with redundant DS-3-LT cards for insertion, eg., in LT slot 1 and LT slot 2 of a given shelf. In that case, a different kind of DS-3 I/0 card is used, double wide as shown, with a centre tapped transformer on the card which is connected both to the transmit (TXA/TXB) and to the receive (RXA/RXB) backplane wiring associated with both LPF slot 1 and LPF slot 2. The NT controls which LT slot is to be active.

10 Figure 4D is similar to Figure 4A but additionally shows arbitration interfaces between redundant DS-3-LTs.

°As suggested above, since there is only one nonredundant IQ bus per shelf, the equipment protection implied by Figure 4C with A and B redundant DS-3-LT cards in slots 1 and 2 will be ineffective if the IQ bus itself has a failure. If it is desired to avoid this sort of failure, a different

S

15 kind of redundancy in the DS-3 cards can be provided, as shown in Figure 4E. In that case, half of the transmit and receive signals are used in the shelf, and the other half can be routed to a So'. different shelf, instead of slot 2 in the same shelf. The top two cables shown in Figure 4E would thus be routed to another shelf and be connected into, eg., the DS-3 out and DS-3 in transformers shown in Figure 4B in another shelf. The DS-3 out and DS-3 in cables of Figure 4E would go to the CO switch or other network element.

As will be observed in Figure 4, an ADS shelf 90 may have both ADS-LTs 14a and aggregate type LTs such as the DS-3-LTs 92, 94 shown. Service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class (CBR, VBR, UBR, etc.), each contending for upstream access to the IQ bus via the control leads and the grant mechanism based in part on the priority assigned to each upstream cell. In the case of aggregate LTs, such as shown in the hub 90 of Figure 4, the service class buffers have a cell priority equal to the sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer (or even some percentage); in order that the remote subscribers are assigned a fair share of the hub's operating bandwidth. In times of bursty upstream traffic, congestion and DS-3-LT buffer overflow is managed by limiting the DS-3 link bandwidth and allowing temporary buffer fill in the remote ADS-LTs (until such time that the traffic peak 004061508v13.doc 26 subsides). It is noted that POTS interfaces are not shown in Figure 4 but would normally be provided, eg., by DLCs adjacent or incorporated in the Remotes 96, 98.

Figure 5 shows the hub 90 of Figure 4 located in a central office 100 which may also include a CO switch 102 and an ATM switch 104. The CO switch is connected to a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 106 and the ATM switch to an ATM network 108 which is, in turn, connected to other services 110 which may include various Internet service providers 114. As illustrated in Figure 4, the hub shelf 90 may be populated by both ADS LT cards such as the card 14a and various other cards including DS-3 LT cards 92, 94. Four copper pairs emerging from the ADS LT card 14a of Figure 4 are illustrated as a plurality of copper pairs 116 in both Figs. 4 and 5. These leads provide an ADS link directly between the hub and the various customer premises illustrated, including a customer premises 118 shown in detail. If the shelf were used exclusively with ADS LTs 14, such as shown in Figure 1, all of the subscriber lines would be like the lines 116 without using the shelf 90 as a hub and without the remotes of Figure 5. In other words, there would be twelve groups of 4 POTS plus ADS lines 116 serving 48 different customer premises. The implementation of Figure 5 provides for many more customer premises served by a single shelf, but with the accompanying increased competition for upstream bandwidth. This can be tolerated in cases where the majority of subscribers are using lower quality of service.

A lowpass filter 120 is mounted in a network interface device arrangement (not shown) 20 for terminating the subscriber line at the customers premises. It filters out all but the low frequency telephony signal from the copper pair and provides it on a line 122 to a traditional telephone 124 for voice communications. It also filters high frequency dial pulse or ring trip transients so that they do not interfere in the upstream direction with the high-speed data traffic.

A second copper pair connected before the lowpass filter, as shown, is provided to an ADS modem 126 which, after highpass filtering, demodulates and decodes the ADS signal and provides output bits on a line 128 to a user terminal 130 such as a personal computer, Internet computer, etc., eg., for Internet access or for access to other high bandwidth services 110. It should be realised that the ADS modem also operates in the reverse (upstream) direction, albeit in a much narrower bandwidth, to encode and modulate bits onto the ADS line from the subscriber to the ATM network as per ANSI T1.413 (see Figure 12).

The remote shelves 96, 98 of Figure 4 are also shown in Figure 5 connected to various 004061508v13.doc 27 customer premises, which are similar to premises 118.

Figure 6 shows in detail the above-mentioned feature of the present architecture whereby a plurality of ADS shelves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d such as shown in Figure 1 can be daisy-chained together in a rack by means of an extender card (EXT) in each subsequent shelf. The extender card function is to effectively extend the IQ bus from shelf to shelf (daisy-chained, eg., to a maximum of twelve shelves altogether), allowing up to, eg., 576 ADS subscribers accessed to the system. In other words, the extender card allows an NT card in a first shelf to act as an NT card for another shelf or a plurality of other shelves. in this case, three racks with altogether twelve daisy-chained shelves. The extender cards can be mounted as shown in Figure 6 in the NT slots of subsequent shelves and may be redundant. In that case, any failure of an NT or extender card S bank switches all LTs from the "All NT/extender string to the string. The active string then assumes control of each shelfs IQ bus. The IQ bus itself (within each shelf) is not redundant, but meets reliability requirements, as the NT has the ability to remove each LT from the IQ bus (disable) to isolate a fault and remove it from service.

15 As suggested above, the POTS lowpass filters can be provided for different options including "integrated" in a CO shelf for maximum packaging density, minimum cabling and installation complexity and minimum cost as described above or "separate" (remote, non- S: integrated) for regulatory flexibility and access to existing (crowded) DLC cabinets.

Figure 7A shows a lowpass filter card, such as one of the LPF cards 24 shown in Figure 20 1 in schematic block diagram form. Four different lowpass filters/splitters are shown on the card.

To the left of each card is a voice port for connection to the narrowband (NB) network via the CO switch 46 via the line 50. on the right-hand side of each lowpass filter/splitter is a port which is connected both to the twisted copper pair 36 to the subscriber and to the highpass filter 38 of the LT 62 (see Figure A side view of the physical dimensions of such a four-channel LPF card is shown in Figure 7B, while a front view is shown in Figure 7C.

Figure 7D shows a splitter shelf for use in applications where the lowpass filters need to be remote from the ADS shelf Such a shelf can be used, for example, when separate service providers are responsible for the telephony and ADS services, or in DLC (digital loop carrier) configurations where remote cabinets of DLC equipment cannot accommodate ADS equipment (due to lack of physical space), but since the subscriber transmission pairs terminate in the DLC 004061508v1 3.doc 28 cabinet (and enough room is available for a small lowpass filter "splitter"), this shelf only is installed in the DLC cabinet.

In this case, the basic XDSL shelf is used, as previously shown, but with the LPF boards not populated. A separate "splitter" shelf, as shown in Figure 7, is then provided and has a configuration the same as, or very much like, the top portion of the basic XDSL shelf 10 of Figure 1. The main difference in remote splitter configurations is the cabling and the use of"stackable" connectors. The splitter shelf is shown in Figure 7, and a typical configuration using splitter shelves is shown in Figure 8. In an initial implementation, LPFs (and the splitter shelf) need no power, as all circuitry is passive.

Figure 8A shows a remote cabinet that can be used when adding ADS service to existing metallic-fed DLCS. This configuration supports up to 96 lines in a type 3002 cabinet.

~It should be noted that the "separateness" of the lowpass filters 24 as shown in Figure 1 from the LTs, as well as the separateness of the LPFs of Figs. 7, 8 and 8A is not only advantageous for the reason mentioned above, ie., for facilitating separate service providers for 15 telephony and ADS services, but also for the very important reason, according to the present invention, for physically separating the lifeline telephony service from the ADS service. Such separateness provides an increased level of integrity for the lifeline POTS service, since such physical separateness itself ensures that any maintenance actions which may need to be performed on the ADS part of the system can be done in a physically separate manner, and therefore in such .i 20 a way as to not affect the POTS service (and vice versa).

Another equipment shelf is the RAM (Remote ADS Mux) shelf as shown in Figure 9.

This shelf is deployed very much like the remote ADS shelves 96, 98 shown in Figure 4, and in fact may have the same shelf architecture as that shown in Figure 3. The difference is that the RAM shelf is more suited for CPE or DLC applications where, eg., no more than twenty-four lines are required, and a smaller shelf (6RS versus 9RS) is desired. As such, a RAM shelf may be designed and physically configured, for example, as shown in Figure 9. This shows the flexibility of the XDSI. shelf of the nresent architectiire Figure 10 shows a functional block diagram of one of the ADS LT cards 14a of Figs. 1, 3 and 4. The implementation of the various functional blocks is realised in this implementation by the application of an ADS chip set of assignee for DMT technology. This chip set consists of 004061508vl3.doc 29 three chips (integrated circuits) identified as RCHAP for ATM functions, a DACHA/SACHA chip for Reed Solomon coding and decoding, and a front-end DSP chip called ADSLB. The remaining blocks are preferably carried out by other means outside the chip set. The three chip set RCHAP, SACHA and ADSLB are also shown in Figure 11 in a simplified block diagram that shows the chip set in both an LT 14a in an ADS shelf 34 and in an ADS modem 72 at a customer's premises in reverse ordering of chips.

In regard to the ATM functions carried out by the RCHAPB chip, such takes care of the encapsulation of ATM cells in 54-byte slots and the access to two separate IQ buses, ie., upstream and downstream. There is also a dummy cell added to the 53 standard ATM cells in order to allow a change-over from one LT to another on the upstream IQ interface (between cells). On the S downstream IQ interface, this byte is not filled in, and on the upstream IQ interface, the bus is in high impedance state during this byte.

The main entity which is conveyed through an ATM network is a cell which is divided into two parts, each with a fixed size: the header (5 bytes), and the information field (48 bytes).

15 Depending on the value of the header of the ATM cell, a number of ATM-related functions may S be performed, such as insertion and extraction of maintenance cells, cell rate decoupling, Header Error Control (HEC) generation/check, payload scrambling, cell loopback, etc.

The data that are sent on the ADS line are forward error- corrected (FEC) by Reed Solomon (RS) coding to improve the bit error rate. To allow for an even better protection against 20 burst errors an interleaving possibility is incorporated, with the disadvantage of an increased transfer delay for interleaved data. Also, a scrambler is included to randomise the data before the RS encoder. After the RS decoder, the data is then descrambled.

Also carried out by the SACHA chip set, besides Reed Solomon (de)coding is mapping and demapping. In the ADS system, a DMT approach may be followed in which, for example, up to two hundred fifty-six carrier frequencies can be used (see Figure 12). Each of these frequencies will carry a number of bits according to a mapping table. The function of the mapper is to assin the bits to the different frequencies. The mnpe.r can also send snm.e snocil DMT symbols for link initialisation and maintenance. The demapper will demodulate and monitor the received symbols. After demodulation, it delivers the data to the on-chip RS decoder. Some special functions are included in the demapper for initialisation and maintenance of the ADS link.

004061508v13.doc An example of an ADS mapper is shown in Figure 1 of copending and co-owned application Serial No. 08/677,468, filed July 10, 1996 and described at page 7, line 5, through page 9, line 23.

A similar description is given in copending provisional application Serial No. (Atty.

Docket No. 902-575) filed on even date herewith, entitled "Method and Windowing Unit to Reduce Leakage, Fourier Transformer and DMT Modem Wherein the Unit is Used", at page line 10, through page 7, line 26 thereof.

The output of the mapper is a complex representation of all the carrier frequencies. An Inverse Fast Fourier Transformer is used to transform this representation to a time signal. In cooperation with the IFFT, a carrier selective scaling can be installed. In the upstream direction, S an FFT is used to transform the received time signal to a frequency representation.

"The main function of the front-end digital signal processing is to separate the received ooeo signal as much as possible from the transmitted signal, and to correct for the line and analog front-end characteristics.

15 The ADSLB chip function includes analog-to-digital (AJD) and digital-to-analog (D/A) g conversion. The function of the subscriber line analog front end is the termination of the analog line interface and the transformation of the digital data into an analog passband signal that can be transmitted on a physical subscriber line 36 and vice versa. For the D/A and A/D conversion, a sigma-delta (EA) approach is used.

As shown in Figure 11, the subscriber line analog fi-ront-end function includes a line driver used to amplify the ADSLB output to the levels appropriate to be transmitted over the subscriber line. A hybrid is included as a passive network that performs the termination of the subscriber line with its nominal impedance and handles the conversion between four-wire and two-wire in the LT at the upstream end. It performs the separation in the upstream direction between the upstream and downstream signals, and the combining in the downstream direction. The reverse is performed at the downstream end of the line.

Referring back to Figure 10, it is noted that the LT 14a includes four separate line termination paths for four separate subscribers. Although not shown in Figure 10 or 11, it should be realised that the twisted pair connects not only to the HP-filter and hybrid shown in Figs. and 11, but also to a lowpass filter 40, such as shown in Figure 2. Figure 10A shows a front view 004061508v13.doc 31 of an LT card, while Figure 10B shows a side view.

Since POTS signals and ADS signals are transported frequency-multiplexed on a subscriber line, as shown in Figure 12, a POTS lowpass filter 26 is required, which performs the following functions: combining the POTS and ADS transmit signals toward the subscriber premises; separating the POTS and ADS signals from the subscriber premises; protecting the POTS from audible interference, generated by signals from the ADS modem and the ADS shelf; and protecting the ADS receiver from all POTS-related signals, particularly dial pulses, ringing and ring trip transients.

These functions are performed while meeting all the requirements for POTS performance, 10 such as return loss, insertion loss and group delay, such as those in ANSI Standard T1.413. The combination and separation of POTS and ADS signals is achieved by lowpass and highpass filtering, as shown in Figure 2. Only the highpass filter and the hybrid are part of the LT. As mentioned above, the lowpass part preferably resides on a different printed board assembly (LPF).

Also shown in Figure 10 is an on-board controller (OBC), which may be embodied as a S* 15 microprocessor included to handle a variety of tasks, such as initialisation of ASICS, monitoring and processing of maintenance messages, and detection of a malfunctioning LT. On-board memory may include flash-PROM and DRAM used for executable code and data. Inventory information may also be stored on an EEPROM so as to provide the necessary data for an adequate identification of a replaceable item. Such may include product identification, S* i 20 manufacturing information and inventory information. Also shown in Figure 10 are power supply functions by way of on-board mounted DC/DC converters. A test access port (not shown) may also be provided.

As will be understood by anyone of skill in the art, from American National Standard for Telecommunications "Network and Customer Installation Interfaces--Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADS) Metallic Interface", ANSI T1.413-1995, the nature of the signal on the twisted pair 36 shown in Figure 11 and in Figure 2 may be a standardised asymmetric digital subscriber line signal that allows the provision of plain old telephone service (POTS) and a variety of digital channels. In the direction from the network to the customer premises, the digital channels may consist of full duplex low-speed channels and simplex high-speed channels; in the upstream direction, only lowspeed channels are provided. The transmission system is designed 004061508v13.doc 32 to operate on two-wire twisted metallic cable pairs with mixed gauges. The standard is based on the use of cables without loading coils, but bridged taps are acceptable, with the exception of unusual situations. As shown in Figure 12, for example, the power spectrum is shown as including a 4 kHz band reserved for POTS service, with the portion of the spectrum between kHz and 1.1 MHz occupied by a large plurality of carriers, with tone spacing of 4.3125 kHz. A small portion of the spectrum is used for upstream data, as shown, with the remainder used for downstream data. Each of the 4 kHz tones is QAM-modulated and individually selected and optimised as a function of individual subscriber line characteristics. Some tones are allocated with a large number of bits, while others a lesser number or none at all, due to line conditions.

As shown in Figure 11, the functions already described in connection with an ADS LT 14a are replicated in the ADS modem 72. In addition, a selected interface to the subscriber PC 76 may include, eg., an ATM-25 and/or Ethernet interface, as shown in Figure 11.

oeou Figure 13A shows a simplified block diagram illustration of an ADS Network S" Termination (ANT) unit. It includes a modem part which performs the ATU-R transmitter S 15 reference model functions, for example, as shown in Section 4.3 of ANSI T1.413-1995. An ATM function is added, according to the present invention, for ATM translation and signal processing.

In the downstream direction, the ANT unit terminates the ADS signal, demodulates, and the interconnect function converts the ATM cells into a digital bitstream to the subscriber's digital terminal equipment (DTE). In the embodiment shown, the interfacing block to the customer equipment includes both ATM and/or ethernet interfaces, as shown. Figure 13B shows an ADS Network Termination Unit with the line, ATM and ethernet connections shown. The line connector is RJ14, while the ATMF-25 and 10BaseT connectors are RJ45. Figure 13C shows five LED indicators that are visible on the top of the box of Figure 13B for giving the indications indicated in the table of Figure 13D.

A more detailed functional block diagram of an ADS modem 72 (such as already shown in Figure 11) is shown in Figure 13. The lowpass filter 42 of Figure 2 is shown as part of an external "splitter" in Figure 13, which also includes the node 68 of Figure 2.

An external AC/DC inverter (6V DC/xV AC) and an onboard DC/DC power supply are shown in Figure 13 and are used to feed the power to the board. The external power supply (AC/DC) converts the high voltage from the wall outlet to a voltage that can be handled by the 004061508v13.doc 33 ADS modem 72, such as +6 volts DC. Further conversions are shown from the DC/DC power supply.

An analog front-end may include the highpass filter 39 already shown in Figure 2, as well as a hybrid and line driver such as shown in Figure 11. The hybrid is for 2wire to/from 4-wire conversion.

An ADSLB block is shown for terminating the analog line interface and for transformation of digital data from a DACHA/SACHA block into an analog passband signal that can be transmitted on a physical subscriber line and vice versa. The ADSLB performs analog-todigital and digital-to-analog conversion.

10 Again, the SACHA is the DMT signal modulator/demodulator. This software-configured ASIC processes the ATM cells (scrambled) from the RCHAP block and delivers the DMT modulated signal to the ADSLB and vice versa. Note that there is no difference between the DACHA and the SACHA, except a lower cost for the SACHA. A DACHA can be used as well, and is especially necessary to support a standardised 4.3125 kHz tone spacing mode.

15 The RCHAP provides the interconnection between the SACHA/DACHA and the rest of the system. It contains 16 ATM cell buffers in both upstream and downstream directions, and performs virtual path/virtual channel (VP/VC) translation, extraction and insertion of ATM cells, and handles on-board tasks.

A RAPID block provides interfacing between RCHAP, ATM-izer and IDT-PHY blocks.

It also contains DMA controller and logic for ethernet functions.

The IDT-PHY block translates ATM cells between the on-board parallel data bus (with standard byte-wide cells) and the serial data over the ATM Forum physical connector (with scrambled 4B5B coded data).

The ATM-izer is the upstream controller, responsible for upstream quality of service, cell shaping and policing. It is responsible for translating downstream AAL5 packets into ethernetfri-ames and vin versa Tndling inptroamo A T1 Cnm d-,A tL is perfrme .A by th AT--izer An 182596 controller performs CSMA/CD medium-access control, moves ethernet frames between SRAM packet memory and a serial ethemet transceiver. It is monitored by the OBC. An 182503 performs a serial transceiver function to 802.3 10Base-T, direct interface to 182596.

004061508v13.doc 34 For code processing, an 1960 microprocessor is included to handle a variety of tasks, such as initialisation of ASICS, memories, etc., monitoring and processing of the maintenance messages, on-line/off-line test support. Memory is included in the OBC as well, such as 2 Mb DRAM for program executables and a 1.5 Mb FPROM for boot code, power-on test, a 512 Kb for ethernet packet memory, etc. A small EEPROM (4 kbit) is used for a remote inventor circuit.

Figure 14A shows a simplified block diagram of an embodiment of an NT card, according to the present invention. It provides a high-speed optical or electrical access to a Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) transport system. It converts Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) cells to SONET packets frames) and vice versa. Thus, the NT card adapts ATM cells carried 10 on the IQ bus to the SONET transmission system and vice versa. It also includes necessary 9*° functions as listed in the table of Figure 14B for operating and maintaining the ATM subscriber access multiplexer of the present invention.

9999 It is noted that the table of Figure 14B is split into two columns representing downstream S" functions and upstream functions. The downstream functions, for example, have been grouped S 15 and numbered 1-4, and similarly labelled in Figure 14A in the top section of the respective four S• blocks. Similarly, for the upstream functions, these have been grouped in the right-hand side of the table and have been numbered 5-8, with the same numbers shown in the lower half of the S•blocks of Figure 14A. It should be realised that these functions can be moved between blocks, and this is just an example.

20 In regard to the physical medium block, this can be an optical interface for interfacing an optical transport system with a receive and transmit optical fibre carrying signals, eg., with a nominal bit rate of 155.52 Mbps. The interface is symmetric, ie., it has the same bit rate in both directions and could operate, eg., at a wavelength of 1.3 gn. This signal can be a SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) signal at the OC-3 level for conversion to STM- 1 /STS-3c in the electrical domain. This is a serial signal which the physical medium interface block converts to parallel form at a slower rate for processing on the NT card, with the parallel downstream output locked on to the received clock.

The transmission convergence sublayer processing is done in the second block, wherein the ATM cells are delineated within a hierarchical transmission frame structure used to transport the ATM cells. These cells are divided into two parts, each with a fixed size, the head with five 004061508v13.doc octets, as shown in Figure 14F, and the payload with 48 octets, as shown in Figure 14H. In the ATM block of Figure 14A, ATM layer processing is carried out. In the upstream direction, all fields in the ATM cells received on the IQup interface are transported transparently, except for the Header Error Control (HEC) field (see ITU-T Recommendation 1.361, "B-ISDN ATM Layer Specification"). The HEC may be checked or not, as an option. The routing of received ATM cells depends upon the VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) bits in the cell header. The full VPI octet and the eight least significant bits of the VCI can be checked for VPI/VCI combinations corresponding with a data channel to be extracted. This method provides for a maximum of 2 16 channels which can be marked for extraction. All valid cells received from the IQ interface are transmitted either upstream in a virtual container or synchronous payload envelope (VC-4/SPE, or to an on-board controller.

For downstream ATM layer processing in the ATM block of Figure 14A, each VC-4/SPE carries the equivalent of 44.151 cells (53 octets) which are octet-aligned and floating within the VC-4/SPE. The ATM cell delineation uses the correlation between the Header Error Control (HEC) in the cell header and the cell header itself. The cell delineation mechanism, as Srecommended by ITU-T Recommendation 1.432, "B-ISDN User-Network Interface Physical Layer Specification", is used. When the ATM cell boundary identification in octet H4 is used, the cell delineation will start searching at the octet indicated by H4. If not, the search will start at the first octet of the payload period. The ATM cell information fields are descrambled according to 20 the selfsynchronizing scrambling/descrambling scheme recommended by ITU-T.

Valid non-idle cells, each with its confirmed HEC octet and descrambled information field, are sent to the IQ down interface, which is the last block shown in Figure 14A. In that block, idle cell periods are added to adapt a received bit rate of up to 149.76 Mbit/s to 152.64 Mbit/s.

The routing of received ATM cells depends upon the VPI, VCI and PTI (payload type identifier) bits in the cell header. In total, 16 bits or four nibbles of VPI/VCI combinations can be checked, according to the modes shown in Figure 14G. In each mentioned mode, different nibbles of VPI/VCI are selected. The selected VPI/VCI nibble combination corresponds with a specific data channel to be extracted. Cells can be extracted by looking only at the VPI/VCI combination or by looking at the VPI/VCI combination and at the PTI bits. In the second case, each PTI (2 3 in total) can be marked for extraction. This marking will then be used for all 004061508v13.doc 36 VPINVCI combinations for which extraction is indicated, with the inclusion of the PTI check. All valid cells received in the virtual container or synchronous payload envelope, independent of their VPIJVCI combination, are transmitted downstream on the IQ down interface (cells marked for extraction are also sent to the ATM interface bus).

ATM cell insertion and extraction is provided at the NT both in the direction of the network and in the direction of the IQ bus, in order to provide for the transmission and reception of Operation And Maintenance and signalling cells. Cell insertion and extraction is under control of an On-Board Controller (OBC).

In the upstream direction, the OBC has the possibility of inserting ATM cells in the 10 outgoing VC4/SPE. The OBC has to provide a valid cell header without HEC, followed by a least Ssix bytes and, at most, the complete cell payload (a total of 52 octets). The HEC is calculated before the cell is put into the VC4/SPE. Interfacing between the OBC and upstream cell stream is performed by using a FIFO buffer on which a back pressure signal indicates if the OBC is allowed to insert a cell or has to wait until the previously inserted cell is transmitted. Cells S: 15 received on the IQ up interface have a higher priority than cells coming from the OBC.

Synchronisation is performed by a synchronisation signal which indicates to the cell insertion device where the boundary between two inserted cells in the FIFO buffer is. Downstream, the SOBC has the possibility of inserting ATM cells in the IQ down cell stream. The OBC has to provide a valid cell header without HEC, followed by at least six bytes and at most the complete S 20 cell payload (a total of 52 octets). The HEC is generated when transmitted onto the IQ interface.

Interfacing between the OBC and the downstream cell stream is performed by the same cell FIFO buffer as for the upstream cell insertion. Also for downstream cell insertion, a back pressure mechanism is implemented. Cells received in the VC-4/SPE have a higher priority than cells from the OBC. Synchronisation is performed by a synchronisation signal, which indicates to the cell insertion device where the boundary between two inserted cells in the FIFO buffer is.

For cell extraction in the upstream direction, such is performed using the cell filtering mechanism described above. Only the first four octets of the cell header and the complete payload are extracted from the IQ up interface. For interfacing between the extraction circuitry and the OBC, a FIFO buffer is used. The OBC should synchronise to the extracted cell stream by reading blocks of 52 octets until the buffer is empty.

004061508v13.doc 37 Downstream cell extraction is performed using the cell filtering mechanism mentioned above. Only the first four octets of the cell header and the complete payload are extracted from the VC-4/SPE. Before a possible extraction, the HEC in these cells is already checked for errors.

For interfacing between the extraction circuitry and the OBC, a FIFO buffer is used. The OBC should be synchronised to the extracted cell stream by reading blocks of 52 octets until the buffer is empty. The cell which is extracted towards the OBC can optionally be sent to the IQ down interface also.

As suggested above, the IQ down and IQ up buses transport ATM cells with a five-octet header and a 48octet information field. In front of each cell is one dummy octet, illustrated in 10 Figure 14H. The ATM cells are encapsulated in 54 octet slots and provided access to the IQ bus.

S The adaptation of 155.52 Mbit/s to 152.64 Mbit/s (53/54*155.52 Mbit/s) is performed by the deletion of idle cells. This can be done due to the fact that the maximum bit rate of valid ATM cells contained in the VC4s/SPEs is limited to 149.76 Mbit/s (26-27*155.52 Mbit/s).

The dummy octet is added to the ATM cells in order to allow a changeover from one LT 15 to another on the IQ up interface (between cells). On the IQ down interface, this octet is not filled in, on the IQ up interface, the bus is in high impedance state during this octet.

The NT card is managed by an ADS workstation (AWS) which may be located in an operating system (OS) as shown in Figure 5. Such an OS may communicate through an ATM network and an ATM switch in a central office with the NT card in the shelf. See copending and 20 co-owned U.S. patent application SIN (Atty. Docket No. 907-160) entitled "ASAM Network Management System with Open Loop Flow Control", filed on even date herewith for further details, and which is hereby incorporated by reference. Figure 14C shows a front view and Figure 14D a side view of an NT card, such as may be used in a slot of a shelf of Figure 1.

Figure 14E shows a more detailed functional block diagram of an NT card 12a of Figure 1. An optical/electrical transceiver provides a SONET/SDH compliant interface for 155.52 Mbps STM1 or STS3-c signals in one integrated package.

Clock recovery is done in the S/-UNI+. In order to do this clock recovery, it requires a reference clock. The recovered clock (155.52 MHz) is divided by eight in the S/UNI+ and serves as one of the inputs for serving as a reference clock to a PLL circuit located in a UIAC block to which a VCXO output clock must track (if loop timing is enabled). The resulting clock out of the VCXO 004061508v13.doc 38 serves as input clock for transmit data towards the optical transceiver, where this clock is used to synthesise the transmit clock, and which also serves as a system clock. The reference clock input and the VCXO output clock are further divided by a factor N in the UIAC (N 2048 for Bellcore and N 128 for ITU). After a phase comparison between the two resulting divided clocks, the resulting voltage is fed to a lowpass filter, after which the signal drives the VCXO.

Loop timing can be established by locking the transmit clock (system clock) on the receive clock.

At the ATM side of the S/UNI+ there are two internal four-cell synchronous FIFO's present that are controlled by the UIAC. This interface acts as an SCI/PHY (Utopialike) interface.

Back pressure (upstream) is inherently present due to the FIFOfs integrated in the S/UNI. For the upstream direction, this means that if there is a full load of 155.52 Mbps on the IQ bus (152.64 S• Mbps at the Utopia interface) and a maximum transmit capacity of 149.76 Mbps ATM cells, the four-cell FIFO will be full after 1.5 ms.

•The UIAC component is an LCA device which is programmed during "power-on-reset" from a serial PROM. It uses three synchronous 512 x 9 bit FIFOs for cell insertion and extraction 15 and one 128K x 8 bit SRAM for routing. The UIAC module has a SCI/PHY (Utopia-like) interface to the S/UNI+ component. ATM cell insertion in both the direction of the network (SDH/SONET) and in the direction of the LTs is handled by a 1 SIF (signalling insertion FIFO) buffer. An OBC bus is connected directly to the eight data inputs of the FIFO. The direction of cell insertion is specified by the OBC by writing i 20 into an additional UIAC register. The ninth bit of the FIFO is used for cell synchronisation and insertion direction specification. A RAM lookup table is used for cell filtering on VPIJVCI combinations. The RAM has 128K entries of eight bits.

Downstream cell extraction is performed by a downstream signalling extraction PIFO (DSEF). The eightbit output data of this buffer is connected to a peripheral bus. All cells which are extracted are copied by default to the downstream traffic stream. This can be disabled, however, by a traffic control register in the UIAC.

Upstream cell extraction is performed via the USEF (upstream signal extraction FIFO).

The eight-bit output data of this buffer is connected to the peripheral bus. A cell received on the upstream IQ interface is sent either to the OBC or to the upstream SDH/SONET interface. All cells which are extracted are copied by default to the upstream traffic stream. This can be 004061508v13.doc 39 disabled, however,' by the traffic control register in the UIAC.

In the downstream direction, ATM cells are transferred to an ICOM interface. In the upstream direction, ATM cells are received from the ICOM.

The UIAC may be equipped by a boundary scan interface conforming to IEEE 1149.1 (JTAG) Specification.

A block diagram of an ADS Alarm Control Unit (ACU) is shown in Figure 15A, while the functions thereof are listed the table of Figure 15B. Figure 16 shows a front view and Figure 17 a side view of the ACU.

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Claims

1. A shelf for use among a plurality of shelves in a rack for use in a telecommunications system for providing both narrowband and broadband services to a plurality of subscriber premises, including: a housing for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to said plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted copper pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: a upper section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said upper portion of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a lower section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion Sthereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion in said blackplane of said housing, and °15 wherein said lower section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for said connection to said broadband network. *OoOO

2. The shelf of claim 1, wherein said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network. .o S"3. The shelf of either of claims 1 or 2, further including at least one network element processor.

4. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further including an alarm collection unit. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said backplane includes a multiplexer bus with control leads.

6. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said backplane includes a bus with access granted to said line termination cards according to an access mode requested by said line termination card.

7. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein access to said backplane by said line termination cards is according to a cell aging priority mechanism as well as a quality of 004061508v13.doc 41 service priority mechanism.

8. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said plurality of said lowpass filter cards is equal to twelve lowpass filter cards and wherein said plurality of line termination cards is equal to twelve line termination cards.

9. The shelf as claimed in claim 8, wherein each lowpass filter card and each line termination card has four channels, and wherein said plurality of twisted copper pairs is equal to forty-eight. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said narrowband network provides a plain old telephone service. ee0:00 :0 .10 11. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network. :6090.

12. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11 for mounting in a central office rack among a plurality of shelves.

13. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein said plurality of lowpass oe, filter cards includes twelve lowpass filter cards, wherein said plurality of line termination cards includes twelve line termination cards, and wherein four shelves are mountable in said rack.

14. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 wherein each lowpass filter card and Seach line termination card has four channels so that said rack serves up to one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs.

15. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, mountable in a central office rack capable of mounting four shelves, each shelf serving up to forty-eight twisted copper pairs for a total of one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs servable by said rack.

16. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein up to three adjacent racks can be interconnected in order to support up to five hundred and seventy-six twisted copper pairs.

17. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said plurality of line termination cards are connected to said at least one network termination card by means of said backplane.

18. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein each of said twisted copper 004061508v13.doc 42 pairs is connected to a corresponding lowpass filter on one of the plurality oflowpass filter cards and to a corresponding highpass filter on one of the plurality of line termination cards.

19. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein each of said twisted copper pairs terminates at a node that forms a means for frequency division multiplexing said narrowband and broadband services. The shelf of claim 19, wherein said node is connected to a corresponding one of said lowpass filters and a corresponding one of said line termination cards and, in particular, to a highpass filter part of said line termination card.

21. The shelf as claimed in either claims 19 or 20, wherein said frequency division 10 multiplexing node joins a plain old telephone service signal occupying baseband at 0-4 KHz and a data signal allocated bandwidth greater than 4 KHz. S" The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein said bandwidth allocation for data is asymmetrically allocated between spectrum used for upstream data as opposed for spectrum used for downstream data, with spectrum used for downstream data predominating. 15 23. The shelf of claim 3, wherein said network element processor is used for terminating and processing switched virtual circuit signaling channels.

24. The shelf of either claim 3 or 23, further including an alarm collection unit and Swherein said network element processor is used for providing an ethemet termination for an alarm collection unit ethernet port.

25. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein said shelf is used as a hub shelf with one or more remote shelves connected thereto.

26. The shelf of claim 25, wherein said one or more remote shelves are connected to said shelf by means of an aggregate line termination card corresponding to a transport mechanism used to interconnect said shelf used as a hub with said remote shelf, and wherein a function of said corresponding lowpass filter is carried out at said remote shelf.

27. The shelf of either claims 25 or 26, wherein each said remote shelf is connected to said shelf used as a hub redundantly.

28. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein said remote shelves are connected to said hub redundantly by means of connections to two separate shelves and wherein 004061508v13.doc 43 said hub includes a rack of shelves.

29. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein said shelf accommodates line termination cards for direct connection to subscriber premises and aggregate line termination cards for connection to remote shelves, wherein service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class, each contending for upstream access to said backplane, wherein the service class buffers for aggregate line termination cards have a cell priority equal to a sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer or some percentage thereof, in order that subscriber premises connected to said remote shelves are assigned a fair share of an operating bandwidth of the hub. 1 10 30. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein said plurality of lowpass filter cards are housed at least in part in a separate splitter shelf for use in cases where separate service providers are responsible for said narrowband and broadband services, or for a digital loop carrier configuration.

31. A housing, for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband S" 15 network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to a plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted copper pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: a first section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said first section of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a second section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion thereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion in said backplane of said housing, and wherein said second section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for said connection to said broadband network.

32. The housing of claim 31, wherein said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network.

33. The housing of either of claims 31 or 32, further including at least one network element processor. 004061508v14.doc 44

34. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 33, further including an alarm collection unit. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 34, wherein said backplane includes a multiplexer bus with control leads.

36. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein said backplane includes a bus with access granted to said line termination cards according to an access mode requested by said line termination card.

37. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 36, wherein access to said backplane by said line termination cards is according to a cell aging priority mechanism as well 10 as a quality of service priority mechanism.

38. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 37, wherein said plurality of said lowpass filter cards is equal to twelve lowpass filter cards and wherein said plurality of line S• termination cards is equal to twelve line termination cards.

39. The housing as claimed in claim 38, wherein each lowpass filter card and each line S* *15 termination card has four channels, and wherein said plurality of twisted copper pairs is equal to forty-eight. The housing as claimed in any one, of claims 31 to 39, vherein said narrowband network is for providing a plain old telephone service.

41. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 40, wherein said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network.

42. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 41 for mounting in a central office rack among a plurality of shelves.

43. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 42, wherein said plurality of lowpass filter cards includes twelve lowpass filter cards, wherein said plurality of line termination cards includes twelve line termination cards, and wherein four shelves are mountable in said rack.

44.The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 43, wherein each lowpass filter card and each line termination card has four channels so that said rack serves up to one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs. 004061508v14.doc The housing of claim 31, mountable in a central office rack capable of mounting four shelves, each shelf serving up to forty-eight twisted copper pairs for a total of one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs servable by said rack.

46. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 45, wherein up to three adjacent racks can be interconnected in order to support up to five hundred and seventy-six twisted copper pairs.

47. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 46, wherein said plurality of line termination cards are connected to said at least one network termination card by means of said backplane.

48. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 47, wherein each of said twisted copper pairs is connected to a corresponding lowpass filter on one of the plurality of lowpass i filter cards and to a corresponding highpass filter on one of the plurality of line termination cards.

49. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 48, wherein each of said twisted copper pairs terminates at a node that forms a means for frequency division multiplexing said narrowband and broadband services. The housing of claim 49, wherein said node is connected to a corresponding one of said lowpass filters and a corresponding one of said line termination cards and, in particular, to a highpass filter part of said line termination card. o.

51. The housing as claimed in either of claims 49 or 50, wherein said frequency division multiplexing node joins a plain old telephone service signal occupying baseband at 0-4 KHz and a data signal allocated bandwidth greater than 4 KHz.

52. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 51, wherein said bandwidth allocation for data is asymmetrically allocated between spectrum used for upstream data as opposed for spectrum used for downstream data, with spectrum used for downstream data predominating.

53. The housing of claim 33, wherein said network element processor is used for terminating and processing switched virtual circuit signaling channels.

54. The housing of either claim 69 or 53, further including an alarm collection unit, and wherein said network element processor is used for providing an ethemet termination for an alarm 004061508v14.doc 46 collection unit ethernet port. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 54, wherein said housing is used as a remote housing including a hub shelf with one or more remote shelves connected thereto.

56. The housing of claim 55, wherein said one or more remote shelves are connected to said shelf by means of an aggregate line termination card corresponding to a transport mechanism used to interconnect said shelf used as a hub with said remote shelf, and wherein a function of said corresponding lowpass filter is carried out at said remote shelf.

57. The housing of either of claims 55 or 56, wherein each said remote shelf is connected to said shelf used as a hub redundantly. 10 58. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 55 to 57, wherein said remote shelves are connected to said hub redundantly by means of connections to two separate shelves and wherein said hub includes a rack of shelves.

59. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 55 to 58, wherein said shelf accommodates line termination cards for direct connection to subscriber premises and aggregate line termination cards for connection to remote shelves, wherein service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class, each contending for upstream access to said backplane, wherein the service class buffers for aggregate line termination cards have a cell priority equal to a sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer or some percentage thereof, in order that subscriber premises connected to said remote shelves are assigned a fair share of an operating bandwidth of the hub. The housing as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 59, wherein said plurality of lowpass filter cards are housed at least in part in a separate splitter shelf for use in cases where separate service providers are responsible for said narrowband and broadband services, or for a digital loop carrier configuration.

61. A shelf, including: a housing for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to said plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted pairs, wherein said housing includes plural sections including: 004061508v14.doc 47 a first section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said first section of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a second section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion thereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion in said backplane of said housing, and wherein said second section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for connection to said broadband network.

62. The shelf of claim 61, wherein said connection to said broadband network is to an :10 asynchronous transfer mode network. .63. The shelf of either of claims 61 or 63 further including at least one network element processor.

64. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 63, further including an alarm collection unit. 15 65. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 64, wherein said backplane includes a multiplexer bus with control leads.

66. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 65, wherein said backplane includes a bus with access granted to said line termination cards according to an access mode requested S" by said line termination card.

67. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 66, wherein access to said backplane by said line termination cards is according to a cell aging priority mechanism as well as a quality of service priority mechanism.

68. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 67, wherein said plurality of said lowpass filter cards is equal to twelve lowpass filter cards and wherein said plurality of line termination cards is equal to twelve line termination cards.

69. The shelf as claimed in claim 68, wherein each lowpass filter card and each line termination card has four channels, and wherein said plurality of twisted copper pairs is equal to forty-eight. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 69, wherein said narrowband network 004061508v14.doc 48 is for providing a plain old telephone service.

71. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 70, wherein said connection to said broadband network is to an asynchronous transfer mode network.

72. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 71 for mounting in a central office rack among a plurality of shelves.

73. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 72, wherein said plurality of lowpass filter cards includes twelve lowpass filter cards, wherein said plurality of line termination cards includes twelve line termination cards, and wherein four shelves are mountable in said rack.

74. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 73, wherein each lowpass filter card 10 and each line termination card has four channels so that said rack serves up to one hundred and ninety-two twisted copper pairs. o. 75. The shelf of claim 61, mountable in a central office rack capable of mounting four shelves, each shelf serving up to forty-eight twisted copper pairs for a total of one hundred and S ninety-two twisted copper pairs servable by said rack.

76. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 75, wherein up to three adjacent racks can be interconnected in order to support up to five hundred and seventy-six twisted copper pairs.

77. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 76, wherein said plurality of line termination cards are connected to said at least one network termination card by means of said backplane.

78. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 77, wherein each of said twisted copper pairs is connected to a corresponding lowpass filter on one of the plurality of lowpass filter cards and to a corresponding highpass filter on one of the plurality of line termination cards.

79. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 78, wherein each of said twisted copper pairs terminates at a node that forms a means for frequency division multiplexing said narrowband and broadband services. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 79, wherein said node is connected to a corresponding one of said lowpass filters and a corresponding one of said line termination cards and, in particular, to a highpass filter part of said line termination card. 004061508v14.doc 49

81. The shelf as claimed in either of claims 79 or 80, wherein said frequency division multiplexing node joins a plain old telephone service signal occupying baseband at 0-4 KHz and a data signal allocated bandwidth greater than 4 KHz.

82. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 81, wherein said bandwidth allocation for data is asymmetrically allocated between spectrum used for upstream data as opposed for spectrum used for downstream data, with spectrum used for downstream data predominating.

83. The shelf of claim 63, wherein said network element processor is used for terminating and processing switched virtual circuit signaling channels.

84. The shelf of either claim 63 or 83, further including an alarm collection unit, and wherein said network element processor is used for providing an ethemrnet termination for an alarm collection unit ethernet port.

85. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 61 to 84, wherein said shelf is used as a hub shelf with one or more remote shelves connected thereto.

86. The shelf of claim 85, wherein said one or more remote shelves are connected to said shelf by means of an aggregate line termination card corresponding to a transport mechanism used to interconnect said shelf used as a hub with said remote shelf, and wherein a function of said corresponding lowpass filter is carried out at said remote shelf. Ssaid 87. The shelf of either claims 85 or 86, wherein each said remote shelf is connected to said shelf used as a hub redundantly.

88. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 85 to 87, wherein said remote shelves are connected to said hub redundantly by means of connections to two separate shelves and wherein said hub includes a rack of shelves.

89. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 85 to 88, wherein said shelf accommodates line termination cards for direct connection to subscriber premises and aggregate line termination cards for connection to remote shelves, wherein service classes in both cases are provided for subscribers by separate buffers per service class, each contending for upstream access to said backplane, wherein the service class buffers for aggregate line termination cards have a cell priority equal to a sum of the aggregate cell priorities in each buffer or some percentage thereof, in order that subscriber premises connected to said remote shelves are assigned a fair share of an 004061508v14.doc operating bandwidth of the hub. The shelf as claimed in any one of claims 85 to 89, wherein said plurality of lowpass filter cards are housed at least in part in a separate splitter shelf for use in cases where separate service providers are responsible for said narrowband and broadband services, or for a digital loop carrier configuration.

91. A shelf for use among a plurality of shelves in a rack for use in a telecommunications system for providing both narrowband and broadband services to a plurality of subscriber premises, including: a housing for connection to a narrowband network and for connection to a broadband network for connecting said narrowband network and said broadband network to said plurality of subscriber premises via a corresponding plurality of twisted copper pairs, wherein said housing i' •includes plural sections including: an upper section for housing in a central portion thereof a plurality of lowpass filter cards with connectors thereon for insertion in a backplane of said housing, and wherein said upper portion of said housing also has end portions reserved for connecting said narrowband network and said plurality of twisted copper pairs; and a lower section for housing a plurality of line termination cards in a central portion "thereof, each with connectors thereon for insertion in said backplane of said housing, and wherein said lower section includes at least one end portion reserved for at least one network termination card for cable connection to said broadband network.

92. Line termination equipment for use in a shelf of a telecommunications system, said line termination equipment for connection to a plurality of subscriber lines for connection to a corresponding plurality of subscriber premises, said line termination equipment including: plural subscriber channels, each including a hybrid circuit for connection to a corresponding twisted pair from a corresponding subscriber premises, each channel including: a highpass filter for isolating a telephony signal occupying a baseband position in a frequency-division mutiplexed signal from a wideband signal occupying a position above baseband; a modulator/encoder, responsive to said wideband signal for providing an encoded and modulated wideband signal to said hybrid circuit for providing said encoded and modulated 004061508v14.doc 51 wideband signal on said twisted copper pair in said position above baseband; and a demodulator/decoder, responsive to a wideband signal from said subscriber premises for providing a demodulated and decoded wideband signal to said wideband network.

93. Line termination equipment for use in a shelf of a telecommunications system, said line termination equipment for connection to a plurality of subscriber lines for connection to a corresponding plurality of subscriber equipment at a plurality of subscriber premises, said line termination equipment including: plural subscriber channels, each including a hybrid circuit for connection to a corresponding twisted pair from a corresponding subscriber premises, each channel including: a highpass filter for isolating a telephony signal occupying a baseband position in a frequency-division multiplexed signal from a broadband signal occupying a position above baseband; a modulator/encoder, responsive to said broadband signal for providing an encoded and modulated broadband signal to said hybrid circuit for providing said encoded and modulated 15 broadband signal on said twisted copper pair in said position above baseband; and a demodulator/decoder, responsive to a broadband signal from said subscriber premises for providing a demodulated and decoded broadband signal to said broadband network. '94. The line termination equipment of claim 93, further including an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interface to a backplane bus of said shelf for processing ATM cells. 20 95. The line termination equipment of either claims 93 or 94, wherein said modulator/encoder and demodulator/decoder include a distinct integrated circuit mounted on said line termination equipment and wherein said ATM interface also includes a distinct integrated circuit mounted on said line termination equipment.

96. The line termination equipment as claimed in any one of claims 93 to 95, further including a digital signal processor coupled to said hybrid circuit for separating a received signal from a transmitted signal on said twisted pair, wherein said digital signal processor is also a distinct integrated circuit. W7. The lin- t-rmination -quip.-nt ;s -1m i o l to- 95,eis -7 I 111, 1111%, L%.1l. LI II ,uI.IIII IIL a III Jl L U111 %,IJ V VI. lll J V J1 L. /V vv I11 L encoded and modulated broadband signal includes information mapped onto a plurality of carrier frequencies according to a mapping table, wherein each of said frequencies carries a number of bits according to said mapping table, and wherein said demodulated and decoded broadband signal contains information demapped from a plurality of upstream carrier frequencies according 004061508v14.doc 52 to a demapping table, wherein each of said upstream frequencies carries a number of bits according to said demapping table.

98. The line termination equipment as claimed in any one of claims 93 to 97, wherein said encoded and modulated broadband signal and said demodulated and decoded broadband signal are coded and decoded according to a forward error correction code.

99. The line termination equipment as claimed in any one of claims 93 to 98, wherein said plural subscriber channels are separated into sub-pluralities of subscriber channels, each sub- plurality resident on a line termination card for insertion in a backplane bus of said shelf.

100. The line termination equipment of claim 99, wherein each sub-plurality of subscriber 10 channels includes four subscriber channels.

101. The line termination equipment of claim 97, further including an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interface for processing ATM cells.

102. The line termination equipment as claimed in any one of claims 93 to 96, wherein said encoded and modulated signal is encoded according to a carrierless amplitude and phase 15 modulation technique, and wherein said demodulated and decoded broadband signal is demodulated according to a carrierless amplitude and phase demodulation technique.

103. The line termination equipment of claim 102, further including an asynchronous *0° Stransfer mode (ATM) interface to a backplane bus of said shelf for processing ATM cells.

104. A line termination card for connection to a plurality of subscriber lines, said line S 20 termination card including: a plurality of line termination paths, each including: a hybrid for connection to a twisted pair; a digital signal processor coupled to said hybrid for separating a received signal from a transmitted signal on said twisted pair; a device for mapping/demapping information carried on a plurality of carrier frequencies on said twisted pair according to a mapping/demapping table, wherein each of said frequencies carries a number of bits according to said mapping/demapping table; and ian asynchroIllUUUnous 1transfe IIIUmode interfac tU a shelf backplanIle bus into which said line termination card is insertable for processing ATM cells received and transmitted to said bus and for providing and receiving bits to and from said device for mapping/demapping said information.

105. The line termination card of claim 104, wherein said plurality of line termination 004061508v14.doc 53 paths is equal to four line termination paths so that said line termination card is for connection to four subscriber lines.

106. The line termination card as claimed in either claim 104 or 105, wherein said digital signal processor, said device for mapping/demapping information, and said ATM interface are distinct integrated circuits mounted on said line termination card.

107. The line termination card as claimed in any one of claims 104 to 106, wherein said device for mapping/demapping information is also for coding/decoding said information for purposes of error correction.

108. The line termination card as claimed in any one of claims 104 to 107, wherein access 10 to said shelf backplane bus is granted to one or more of said plurality of line termination paths according to an access grant criterion based on quality of service associated to said at least one of said plurality of line termination paths. •109. The line termination card of claim 108, wherein said access to said shelf backplane bus is granted according to a second grant criterion, including an aging mechanism wherein when 15 a terminal subscribing to a non-guaranteed class of service does not get access within a predetermined period, its priority is increased according to a selected algorithm to a value within a range corresponding to an access mode having a higher access probability.

110. A line termination card for use in a shelf, including: a plurality of line termination paths, each including: 20 a high-pass filter and hybrid for connection to a twisted pair; a digital signal processor coupled to said high-pass filter and hybrid for converting a received upstream signal from analog to digital and for converting a transmitted downstream signal from digital to analog; a device for coding/decoding and mapping/demapping information carried on a plurality of carrier frequencies according to a mapping table, wherein each of said frequencies carries a number of bits according to said mapping table; and an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interface to a shelf backplane bus into which said n1111 1, LinaIIL.IVIol cajLU IIJILaI%, II .Jprossnlllg v r-.J vi %cu .lla UUI upoi am anu uIl VVLau'LUII.

111. The line termination card of claim 110, wherein said plurality of line termination paths equals four line termination paths.

112. The line termination card as claimed in either of claims 110 or 111, wherein said device for coding/decoding and mapping/demapping information includes a fast Fourier 004061508v14.doc 54 transformer as well as an inverse fast Fourier transformer for providing and receiving a complex representation of a plurality of carrier frequencies downstream and upstream for respectively receiving and providing downstream and upstream time signals.

113. A shelf for use among a plurality of shelves in a rack for use in a telecommunications system for providing both narrowband and broadband services to a plurality of subscriber premises, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

114. A housing substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

115. A shelf substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying 10 drawings. "116. Line termination equipment substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

117. A line termination card substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. S* Dated this 25th day of March 2002 ALCATEL By its attorneys Freehills Carter Smith Beadle