AU2023208144B2 - Process for producing antarctic krill oil - Google Patents
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- AU2023208144B2 AU2023208144B2 AU2023208144A AU2023208144A AU2023208144B2 AU 2023208144 B2 AU2023208144 B2 AU 2023208144B2 AU 2023208144 A AU2023208144 A AU 2023208144A AU 2023208144 A AU2023208144 A AU 2023208144A AU 2023208144 B2 AU2023208144 B2 AU 2023208144B2
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- 229940106134 krill oil Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N Astaxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC1(C)C)/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC2(C)C JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013793 astaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N astaxanthin Chemical compound C([C@H](O)C(=O)C=1C)C(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)[C@@H](O)CC1(C)C MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940022405 astaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001168 astaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- DJMUYABFXCIYSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-phosphole Chemical compound C=1C=CPC=1 DJMUYABFXCIYSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004641 brain development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MAMJNXVNGGBHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosa-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=C MAMJNXVNGGBHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosa-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaenoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC(O)=O DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HVFSJXUIRWUHRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oic acid Natural products C1CC2C3CC=C4CC(OC5C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O5)O)CC(O)C4(C)C3CCC2(C)C1C(C)C(O)CC(C)=C(C)C(=O)OC1OC(COC(C)=O)C(O)C(O)C1OC(C(C1O)O)OC(COC(C)=O)C1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HVFSJXUIRWUHRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;n-[5-amino-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylphenyl]sulfonylacetamide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/006—Refining fats or fatty oils by extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/04—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/06—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a process for producing antarctic krill oil, which belongs to the field of krill oil
production technologies. The process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
mixing crude antarctic krill oil with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:(2-4), adding sodium
silicate, and carrying out stirring and reaction in an ultrasonic water bath at 40°C - 60°C for 30
min - 80 min, so as to obtain crude oil A; adding activated zeolite into crude oil A, carrying out
dearsenification in a thermostatic water bath at 40°C - 60°C for 3 h - 4 h, carrying out aeration
through an air-blast micropore with an air supply amount of 2 m3 - 4 m 3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A,
and carrying out filtration to obtain crude oil B; and keeping crude oil B at 50°C or below,
adding an adsorbent, carrying out nitrogen filling and stirring for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out
cooling and filtration, and taking supernatant oil. According to the process for producing
antarctic krill oil, the crude antarctic krill oil is refined step by step through deacidification,
dearsenification and decoloration, so as to remove undesirable substances, thereby improving
purity and quality of the antarctic krill oil.
Description
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a process for producing antarctic krill oil, which belongs to the field of krill oil production technologies.
[0002] As an antarctic krill related product with extraordinary high nutritional effects and additional value, antarctic krill oil has main active ingredients such as phospholipids, astaxanthin, docosahexaenoic acids (DHAs) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPAs). Researches show that the antarctic krill oil can effectively prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, promote brain development, resist oxidation, relieve gout and rheumatoid arthritis, etc. to a certain extent. Therefore, the antarctic krill oil can be broadly used in food, health food, biomedicine and other industries, and so has relatively high deep development and application value.
[0003] Extracted crude antarctic krill oil contains more free fatty acids (about 5% - 10%), unsaponifiable matter (2% - 7%) consisted largely cholesterol, insoluble impurities (1% - 4%), arsenic enriched in the krill oil and other ingredients. These substances affect the color and quality of the antarctic krill oil, and moreover cause certain edible problems, which is not conducive to subsequent production and sale.
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a process for producing antarctic krill oil is provided. Crude antarctic krill oil is refined step by step through deacidification, dearsenification and decoloration, so as to remove undesirable substances, thereby improving purity and quality of the antarctic krill oil.
[0005] The present disclosure employs a technical solution as follows:
[0006] A process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
[0007] (1) uniformly mixing crude antarctic krill oil and n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:(2-4), adding sodium silicate, and carrying out stirring and reaction in an ultrasonic water bath at 40°C - 60°C for 30 min - 80 min, so as to obtain crude oil A;
[0008] (2) adding activated zeolite into crude oil A, carrying out stirring and dearsenification in a thermostatic water bath at 40°C - 60°C for 3 h - 4 h, meanwhile, carrying out aeration through an air-blast micropore with an air supply amount of 2 m3 - 4 m3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A, and carrying out filtration, so as to obtain crude oil B; and
[0009] (3) keeping crude oil B at 50°C or below, adding an adsorbent, carrying out nitrogen filling, carrying out stirring and reaction for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out cooling to a room temperature, carrying out centrifugal filtration, and taking supernatant oil.
[0010] Preferably, in step (1), mass of the added sodium silicate is 20% - 40% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil.
[0011] Preferably, in step (1), ultrasonic power is 200 W - 400 W.
[0012] Preferably, in step (2), a mass ratio of crude oil A to the activated zeolite is 1:(0.2-0.4).
[0013] Preferably, in step (2), the activated zeolite is sodium zeolite, calcium zeolite or hydrogen ion zeolite.
[0014] Preferably, in step (3), mass of the added adsorbent is 1% - 3% of mass of crude oil B.
[0015] Preferably, in step (3), the adsorbent is activated carbon, activated clay or a mixture of the activated carbon and the activated clay.
[0016] Preferably, in step (3), a centrifugal speed is 7000 r/min - 9000 r/min, and centrifugal time is 8 min - 15 min.
[0017] Preferably, the process for producing antarctic krill oil further includes a step of carrying out extraction on the crude antarctic krill oil, which specifically includes steps as follows:
[0018] uniformly mixing antarctic krill powder and absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out stirring and extraction for 0.7 h - 1.2 h, carrying out suction and filtration, carrying out stirring and extraction on a filter residue with absolute ethyl alcohol for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out suction and filtration on an extract, and combining and drying filtrates, so as to obtain the crude antarctic krill oil; where
[0019] a mass ratio of the antarctic krill powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:(8-12).
[0020] Preferably, the process for producing antarctic krill oil further includes a step of enriching the supernatant oil obtained in step (3), which specifically includes steps as follows:
[0021] mixing the supernatant oil obtained in step (3) with citric acid, carrying out stirring and reaction at 50°C - 70°C for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out standing in a separatory funnel for 3 h h, carrying out separation to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and drying the phospholipid solution in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil, where
[0022] the citric acid has a mass fraction of 1% - 3%, a mass ratio of the supernatant oil to the citric acid is 1:(2-6), and a stirring speed is 50 r/min - 70 r/min.
[0023] In the present disclosure, the room temperature is within a range of 20°C - 30°C.
[0024] Beneficial effects of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to:
[0025] 1. In the process for producing antarctic krill oil, the sodium silicate is a weakly alkaline salt, and can carry out neutralization reaction with acidic free fatty acid in the crude antarctic krill oil. Moreover, a washing procedure is omitted, such that phospholipid which is likely to absorb water and swell in the krill oil is not lost, and discharge of waste water is reduced. Ultrasonic cavitation of an ultrasonic wave herein can promote reaction between the sodium silicate and free fat in the krill oil, so as to reduce a usage amount of the sodium silicate, shorten deacidification time, reduce energy consumption and improve deacidification efficiency and effect. Through the deacidification condition in the present disclosure, a removal rate of the free fatty acid in the krill oil can reach 60% or above, no soapstock is generated, krill oil is not turbid, and quality of the krill oil is ensured.
[0026] 2. In the process for producing antarctic krill oil, the activated zeolite is used to remove arsenic in the crude antarctic krill oil, and the activated zeolite has a natural porous and loose layer structure, a large specific surface area, and an extremely strong adsorption capacity for the arsenic. Moreover, it is ensured that no high-valence metal ion that is likely to cause oil body turbidity and precipitation is introduced in a removal process. Meanwhile, air in the crude antarctic krill oil is exhausted by carrying out the aeration through the air-blast micropore, so as to slow down oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid and astaxanthin in the crude antarctic krill oil. Moreover, a large amount of air bubbles are generated, so as to increase a contact area and frequency of the crude antarctic krill oil and the activated zeolite, and improve dearsenification efficiency and effect. An arsenic content in the antarctic krill oil obtained through the dearsenification condition in the present disclosure is obviously reduced, and most arsenic exists in a form of organic arsenic, such that food safety of the krill oil is high.
[0027] 3. In the process for producing antarctic krill oil in the present disclosure, a pigment substance in the antarctic krill oil is removed by means of the adsorbent, so as to improve a color and quality of the oil. Moreover, the adsorbent can further adsorb the residual free fatty acid in the foregoing step, so as to obtain high-purity antarctic krill oil. The krill oil obtained through the decoloration condition in the present disclosure is orange red, clear and high in transparency, and food safety of the antarctic krill oil is improved.
[0028] 4. In the process for producing antarctic krill oil in the present disclosure, in the extraction step, the absolute ethyl alcohol is used as an organic solvent, such that safe and high efficiency extraction of the antarctic krill oil is implemented. In the enrichment step, the citric acid is used as a reaction solution, such that layering is obvious, and functional ingredients in the phospholipid solution and the triglyceride obtained through separation are hardly influenced.
[0029] Endpoints of ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and such ranges or values should be understood as containing values close to such ranges or values. For numerical ranges, endpoints of all ranges, endpoints of all ranges and individual point values, and individual point values can be combined with one another, so as to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, and such numerical ranges should be considered as being specifically disclosed herein.
[0030] If no specific conditions are indicated in examples, the examples are implemented according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by manufacturers. Raw materials or instruments used without indicated manufacturers are conventional products that can be purchased from the market.
[0031] In the present disclosure, antarctic krill powder was obtained after pretreatment, and the specific pretreatment step is as follows: a frozen antarctic krill brick was thawed in running water, steamed to inactivate enzyme, frozen and dried in vacuum, and pulverized, so as to obtain the antarctic krill powder. The antarctic krill brick was purchased from Dalian Ocean Fishery Group Co. Of Liaoning and frozen at -20°C for later use.
[0032] Example 1
[0033] A process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
[0034] (1) antarctic krill powder was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and extraction were carried out for 1 h, suction and filtration were carried out, a filter residue was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and extraction were carried out for 30 min, suction and filtration were carried out on an extract, and filtrates were combined and dried, so as to obtain crude antarctic krill oil;
[0035] (2) the crude antarctic krill oil was uniformly mixed with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:3, sodium silicate having mass 30% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil was added, and stirring and reaction were carried out in an ultrasonic water bath at 50°C for 60 min under a condition that ultrasonic power was set as 300 W, so as to obtain crude oil A;
[0036] (3) sodium zeolite was added into crude oil A under a condition that a mass ratio of crude oil A to the sodium zeolite was 1: 0.3, stirring and dearsenification were carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 50°C for 3.5 h, meanwhile, aeration was carried out through an air blast micropore with an air supply amount of 3 m3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A, and filtration was carried out, so as to obtain crude oil B;
[0037] (4) crude oil B was kept at 30°C, activated carbon and activated clay that have a mass ratio of 1:1 were added under a condition that total mass of the added activated carbon and activated clay was 2% of mass of crude oil B, nitrogen filling was carried out, stirring and reaction were carried out for 30 min, cooling was carried out to a room temperature, centrifugal filtration was carried out under conditions that a centrifugal speed was 8000 r/min and centrifugal time was 10 min, and supernatant oil was taken; and
[0038] (5) the supernatant oil was mixed with citric acid having a mass fraction of 2% according to a mass ratio of 1:4, stirring and reaction were carried out at 60°C for 30 min under a condition that a stirring speed was 60 r/min, standing was carried out in a separatory funnel for 4 h, separation was carried out to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and the phospholipid solution was dried in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil.
[0039] Example 2
[0040] A process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
[0041] (1) antarctic krill powder was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:8, stirring and extraction were carried out for 1.2 h, suction andfiltration were carried out, a filter residue was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:8, stirring and extraction were carried out for 40 min, suction and filtration were carried out on an extract, and filtrates were combined and dried, so as to obtain crude antarctic krill oil;
[0042] (2) the crude antarctic krill oil was uniformly mixed with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:2, sodium silicate having mass 20% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil was added, and stirring and reaction were carried out in an ultrasonic water bath at 40°C for 80 min under a condition that ultrasonic power was set as 200 W, so as to obtain crude oil A;
[0043] (3) hydrogen ion zeolite was added into crude oil A under a condition that a mass ratio of crude oil A to the hydrogen ion zeolite was 1:0.2, stirring and dearsenification were carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 40°C for 4 h, meanwhile, aeration was carried out through an air blast micropore with an air supply amount of 2 m3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A, and filtration was carried out, so as to obtain crude oil B;
[0044] (4) crude oil B was kept at 20°C, activated carbon was added under a condition that mass of the added activated carbon was 1% of mass of crude oil B, nitrogen filling was carried out, stirring and reaction were carried out for 40 min, cooling was carried out to a room temperature, centrifugal filtration was carried out under conditions that a centrifugal speed was 7000 r/min and centrifugal time was 15 min, and supernatant oil was taken; and
[0045] (5) the supernatant oil was mixed with citric acid having a mass fraction of 1% according to a mass ratio of 1:2, stirring and reaction were carried out at 50°C for 40 min under a condition that a stirring speed was 70 r/min, standing was carried out in a separatory funnel for 5 h, separation was carried out to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and the phospholipid solution was dried in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil.
[0046] Example 3
[0047] A process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
[0048] (1) antarctic krill powder was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:12, stirring and extraction were carried out for 0.7 h, suction and filtration were carried out, a filter residue was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:12, stirring and extraction were carried out for 20 min, suction and filtration were carried out on an extract, and filtrates were combined and dried, so as to obtain crude antarctic krill oil;
[0049] (2) the crude antarctic krill oil was uniformly mixed with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:4, sodium silicate having mass 40% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil was added, and stirring and reaction were carried out in an ultrasonic water bath at 60°C for 30 min under a condition that ultrasonic power was set as 400 W, so as to obtain crude oil A;
[0050] (3) calcium zeolite was added into crude oil A under a condition that a mass ratio of crude oil A to the calcium zeolite was 1:0.4, stirring and dearsenification were carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 60°C for 3 h, meanwhile, aeration was carried out through an air-blast micropore with an air supply amount of 4 m3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A, and filtration was carried out, so as to obtain crude oil B;
[0051] (4) crude oil B was kept at 40°C, activated clay was added under a condition that mass of the added activated clay was 3% of mass of crude oil B, nitrogen filling was carried out, stirring and reaction were carried out for 20 min, cooling was carried out to a room temperature, centrifugal filtration was carried out under condition that a centrifugal speed was 9000 r/min and centrifugal time was 8 min, and supernatant oil was taken; and
[0052] (5) the supernatant oil was mixed with citric acid having a mass fraction of 3% according to a mass ratio of 1:6, stirring and reaction were carried out at 70°C for 20 min under a condition that a stirring speed was 50 r/min, standing was carried out in a separatory funnel for 3 h, separation was carried out to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and the phospholipid solution was dried in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil.
[0053] Comparative Example 1
[0054] A process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
[0055] (1) antarctic krill powder was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and extraction were carried out for 1 h, suction and filtration were carried out, a filter residue was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and extraction were carried out for 30 min, suction and filtration were carried out on an extract, and filtrates were combined and dried, so as to obtain crude antarctic krill oil;
[0056] (2) the crude antarctic krill oil was uniformly mixed with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:3, sodium silicate having mass 30% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil was added, and stirring and reaction were carried out in an ultrasonic water bath at 50°C for 60 min under a condition that ultrasonic power was set as 300 W, so as to obtain crude oil A;
[0057] (3) crude oil A was kept at 30°C, activated carbon and activated clay that have a mass ratio of 1:1 were added under a condition that total mass of the added activated carbon and activated clay was 2% of mass of crude oil A, nitrogen filling was carried out, stirring and reaction were carried out for 30 min, cooling was carried out to a room temperature, centrifugal filtration was carried out under conditions that a centrifugal speed was 8000 r/min and centrifugal time was 10 min, and supernatant oil was taken; and
[0058] (4) the supernatant oil was mixed with citric acid having a mass fraction of 2% according to a mass ratio of 1:4, stirring and reaction were carried out at 60°C for 30 min under a condition that a stirring speed was 60 r/min, standing was carried out in a separatory funnel for 4 h, separation was carried out to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and the phospholipid solution was dried in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil.
[0059] Comparative Example 2
[0060] A process for producing antarctic krill oil includes steps as follows:
[0061] (1) antarctic krill powder was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and extraction were carried out for 1 h, suction and filtration were carried out, a filter residue was uniformly mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and extraction were carried out for 30 min, suction and filtration were carried out on an extract, and filtrates were combined and dried, so as to obtain crude antarctic krill oil;
[0062] (2) the crude antarctic krill oil was uniformly mixed with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:3, sodium silicate having mass 30% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil was added, and stirring and reaction were carried out in an ultrasonic water bath at 50°C for 60 min under a condition that ultrasonic power was set as 300 W, so as to obtain crude oil A;
[0063] (3) sodium zeolite was added into crude oil A under a condition that a mass ratio of crude oil A to the sodium zeolite was 1:0.3, stirring and dearsenification were carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 50°C for 3.5 h, meanwhile, aeration was carried out through an air blast micropore with an air supply amount of 3 m3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A, and filtration was carried out, so as to obtain crude oil B;
[0064] (4) crude oil B was mixed with citric acid having a mass fraction of 2% according to a mass ratio of 1:4, stirring and reaction were carried out at 60°C for 30 min under a condition that a stirring speed was 60 r/min, standing was carried out in a separatory funnel for 4 h, separation was carried out to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and the phospholipid solution was dried in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil.
[0065] Comparative Example 3
[0066] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows: step (2) was replaced with a step that the crude antarctic krill oil was uniformly mixed with n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:3, sodium silicate having mass 30% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil was added, and stirring and reaction were carried out in a thermostatic water bath at °C for 60 min, so as to obtain crude oil A.
[0067] Comparative Example 4
[0068] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows: step (3) was replaced with a step that sodium zeolite was added into crude oil A under a condition that a mass ratio of crude oil A to the sodium zeolite was 1:0.3, stirring and dearsenification were carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 50°C for 3.5 h, and filtration was carried out, so as to obtain crude oil B.
[0069] Comparative Example 5
[0070] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows: the sodium zeolite was replaced with smectite.
[0071] Comparative Example 6
[0072] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows: the activated carbon and activated clay that have a mass ratio of 1:1 were replaced with chitosan.
[0073] Comparative Example 7
[0074] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows: the citric acid was replaced with sodium silicate.
[0075] Properties of the antarctic krill oil obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 described above were tested below, and results are shown in Table 1. For detection of arsenic, reference is made to GB 5009.11-2014 Determination of total arsenic and abio-arsenic in foods, and dearsenification rate = arsenic content in zeolite / arsenic content in krill oil x 100%.
[0076] Computation formula of deacidification rate (%): free fatty acid removal rate (%)= (Al-A2) / A1 x 100%, where
[0077] Al is a free fatty acid content (%) in crude krill oil, and A2 is a free fatty acid content (%) in treated krill oil.
[0078] For determination of phospholipid in antarctic krill oil, reference is made to GB/T 5537 2008 Inspection of grain and oils - Determination of phosphatide content. Table 1
Deacidific Dearsenifica Color Final product ation tion rate/% and Phosphol Eicosapenta Docosahexaen rate/% form ipid enoic acid oic acid content (EPA) (DHA) (g/100 (g/100 g) (g/100 g) g)
Example 65.6 88.6 Orange 76.12 26.84 12.83 1 red, clear and transpar ent oily liquid Example 60.5 82.4 Orange 70.84 25.56 11.92 2 red, clear and transpar ent oily liquid Example 61.3 83.2 Orange 71.57 26.83 12.25 3 red, clear and transpar ent oily liquid Compara 65.6 0.57 Orange 54.95 18.65 8.46 tive red, Example clear 1 and transpar ent oily liquid
Compara 50.2 88.6 Dark 60.64 21.94 10.03 tive red and Example cloudy 2 oily liquid Compara 42.8 88.6 Orange 59.37 20.89 9.45 tive red, Example clear 3 and transpar ent oily liquid Compara 65.6 73.2 Orange 60.05 21.52 9.78 tive red, Example clear 4 and transpar ent oily liquid Compara 65.6 62.5 Orange 56.28 20.10 8.89 tive red, Example clear and transpar ent oily liquid Compara 56.9 88.6 Reddish 62.14 23.68 10.42 tive brown Example and 6 slightly cloudy oily liquid Compara 65.6 88.6 Orange 64.52 24.18 10.56 tive red, Example clear 7 and transpar ent oily liquid
[0079] From Table 1, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-7, the process for producing antarctic krill oil in Examples 1-3 has effects as follows: the crude antarctic krill oil is refined step by step through deacidification, dearsenification and decoloration, so as to remove undesirable substances, thereby improving purity and quality of the antarctic krill oil.
[0080] What are described above are merely examples of the present disclosure, and the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited to such particular examples, and is determined by claims of the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art can make various changes and variations to the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. within technical ideas and principles of the present disclosure should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. A process for producing antarctic krill oil, comprising steps as follows: (1) uniformly mixing crude antarctic krill oil and n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:(2-4), adding sodium silicate, and carrying out stirring and reaction in an ultrasonic water bath at 50°C for 60 min, so as to obtain crude oil A; (2) adding activated zeolite into crude oil A, carrying out stirring and dearsenification in a thermostatic water bath at 40°C - 60°C for 3 h - 4 h, meanwhile, carrying out aeration through an air-blast micropore with an air supply amount of 3 m3 nitrogen/m3 crude oil A, and carrying out filtration, so as to obtain crude oil B; (3) keeping crude oil B at 50°C or below, adding an adsorbent, carrying out nitrogen filling, carrying out stirring and reaction for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out cooling to a room temperature, carrying out centrifugal filtration, and taking supernatant oil; (4) mixing the supernatant oil obtained in step (3) with citric acid, carrying out stirring and reaction at 50°C - 70°C for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out standing in a separatory funnel for 3 h - 5 h, carrying out separation to obtain a lower phospholipid solution and upper triglyceride, and drying the phospholipid solution in vacuum at a low temperature, so as to obtain the antarctic krill oil, wherein the citric acid has a mass fraction of 1% - 3%, a mass ratio of the supernatant oil to the citric acid is 1:(2-6), and a stirring speed is 50 r/min - 70 r/min; wherein in step (1), ultrasonic power is 300 W; and in step (3), mass of the added adsorbent is 1% - 3% of mass of crude oil B, and the adsorbent is activated carbon, activated clay or a mixture of the activated carbon and the activated clay.
2. The process for producing antarctic krill oil according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), mass of the added sodium silicate is 20% - 40% of mass of the crude antarctic krill oil.
3. The process for producing antarctic krill oil according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), a mass ratio of crude oil A to the activated zeolite is 1:(0.2-0.4).
4. The process for producing antarctic krill oil according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the activated zeolite is sodium zeolite, calcium zeolite or hydrogen ion zeolite.
5. The process for producing antarctic krill oil according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), a centrifugal speed is 7000 r/min - 9000 r/min, and centrifugal time is 8 min - 15 min.
6. The process for producing antarctic krill oil according to claim 1, further comprising a step of carrying out extraction on the crude antarctic krill oil, which specifically comprises steps as follows: uniformly mixing antarctic krill powder and absolute ethyl alcohol, carrying out stirring and extraction for 0.7 h - 1.2 h, carrying out suction and filtration, carrying out stirring and extraction on a filter residue with absolute ethyl alcohol for 20 min - 40 min, carrying out suction and filtration on an extract, and combining and drying filtrates, so as to obtain the crude antarctic krill oil; wherein a mass ratio of the antarctic krill powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:(8-12).
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