AU2023204144A1 - A Grinding Disc For A Grinding Machine - Google Patents
A Grinding Disc For A Grinding Machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2023204144A1 AU2023204144A1 AU2023204144A AU2023204144A AU2023204144A1 AU 2023204144 A1 AU2023204144 A1 AU 2023204144A1 AU 2023204144 A AU2023204144 A AU 2023204144A AU 2023204144 A AU2023204144 A AU 2023204144A AU 2023204144 A1 AU2023204144 A1 AU 2023204144A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- grinding disc
- objects
- support member
- elastomeric material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 niobium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
- B02C17/163—Stirring means
Abstract
A GRINDING DISC FOR A GRINDING MACHINE
ABSTRACT
Grinding discs for grinding machines are disclosed along with grinding machines
including grinding discs. The grinding machines are of the stirred-medium type, such as
an Isamill. In some embodiments the discs include a rim member, the rim member is
mounted to a support member and surrounds the support member. In some embodiments
a region of elastomeric material is affixed to the support member; and objects are
embedded in the elastomeric material, the objects being formed from a material of a
hardness which is greater than the hardness of the elastomeric material.
GENERAL - Access limited to Weir Personnel or by NDA
Description
Technical Field
[00011 This specification relates to grinding discs and particularly relates to grinding discs suitable for use in stirred-medium grinding machines with horizontally oriented driveshafts such as the type of mill known as the IsaMillITM.
Background
[00021 The IsaMillTM is a stirred-medium grinding mill, in which the grinding medium and the ore being ground are stirred rather than being subjected to the tumbling action of older high-throughput mills (such as ball mills and rod mills). Stirred medium mills often consist of stirrers known as grinding discs (see A in figure 1) mounted on a rotating shaft located along the central axis of the mill. The mixing chamber is filled with the grinding medium (normally sand, smelter slag, or ceramic or steel beads) and a suspension of water and ore particles, referred to in the minerals industry as a slurry. In contrast, ball mills, rod mills and other tumbling mills are only partially filled by the grinding medium and the ore.
[00031 In stirred-medium mills, the stirrers set the contents of the mixing chamber in motion, causing intensive collisions between the grinding medium and the ore particles and between the ore particles themselves. The grinding action is by attrition and abrasion, in which very fine particles are chipped from the surfaces of larger particles, rather than impact breakage. This results in the generation of fine particles at greater energy efficiency than tumbling mills. For example, grinding a pyrite concentrate so that 80% of the particles are less than 12 pm (0.012 mm) consumes over 120 kilowatt-hours per tonne (kWh/t) of ore in a ball mill using 9 mm balls, but only 40 kWh/t in an IsaMilTM using a 2 mm grinding medium.
[00041 An IsaMillTM usually consists of a series of eight grinding discs mounted on a rotating driveshaft inside a cylindrical shell. The mill is 70-80% filled with the grinding medium, and is operated under a pressure of 100 to 200 kilopascals. The discs contain slots to allow the ore slurry to pass from the feed end to the discharge end. Referring to Figure 2, the area between each disc is effectively an individual grinding chamber, and the grinding medium is set in motion by the rotation of the discs, which accelerate the medium toward the shell. This action is most pronounced close to the discs. The medium flows back toward the shaft in the zone near the midpoint between the discs, creating a circulation of the grinding medium between each pair of discs.
[00051 The grinding discs are usually manufactured from rubber which is applied to the exterior of an internal metal reinforcing frame. The reinforcing frame includes a central aperture with holes drilled about the aperture to mount the disc to a reusable hub. The hub mounts the disc to the driveshaft. The metal reinforcing frame is of a smaller diameter than the rubber, so that the peripheral region of the manufactured disc is entirely formed from rubber.
[00061 Over time, the rubber material wears away. This has the effect of reducing the efficiency of the grinding mill. From time to time the mill must be stopped and disassembled to replace the grinding discs resulting in down time of the mill and potential disruption to related mineral processing stages that occur upstream and downstream of the grinding mill.
Summary
[00071 In a first aspect there is provided a grinding disc for a grinding machine including: - a support member, the support member includes a central aperture; and - a rim member, wherein the rim member is mounted to the support member and surrounds the support member.
[00081 In one embodiment, the grinding disc further includes at least one region of elastomeric material.
[00091 In one embodiment, the elastomeric material is affixed to the support member.
[00101 In one embodiment, the rim member is formed from a harder material than the support member.
[00111 In one embodiment, the rim member is formed from white cast iron.
[00121 In one embodiment, the rim member is a circumferential ring.
[00131 In one embodiment, the rim member includes formations which positively engage with the support member to transmit torque from the support member to the rim member.
[00141 In one embodiment, the grinding disc further includes a clamp arrangement which clamps the rim member to the support member.
[00151 In one embodiment, the support member is formed from a mild steel material.
[00161 In a second aspect there is provided a grinding disc for a grinding machine including: a support member, the support member includes a central aperture; at least one region of elastomeric material is affixed to the support member; and a number of objects are embedded in the elastomeric material, the objects being formed from a material of a hardness which is greater than the hardness of the elastomeric material.
[00171 In one embodiment, the objects are formed from a ceramic material.
[00181 In one embodiment, the ceramic material has a Knoop hardness of greater than 1300GPa.
[00191 In one embodiment, the ceramic material has a Knoop hardness of about 1400GPa
[00201 In one embodiment, the objects are generally spherical or cylindrical.
[00211 In one embodiment, the objects have a diameter of between 6mm and 50 mm.
[00221 In one embodiment, objects have a diameter of approximately 10mm.
[00231 In one embodiment, the objects are embedded in a region around the periphery of the grinding disc.
[00241 In one embodiment, the grinding disc includes a series of apertures and the objects are embedded in regions around the periphery of the apertures.
[00251 In a third aspect, there is provided a grinding machine including at least one grinding disc in accordance with the first aspect.
[00261 In one embodiment, the grinding machine is a stirred-medium grinding mill.
[00271 In one embodiment, a plurality of grinding discs are coupled to a horizontally oriented driveshaft.
[00281 Other aspects, features, and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this disclosure and which illustrate, by way of example, principles of inventions disclosed.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[00291 An embodiment will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[00301 Figure 1 shows grinding discs in a prior art IsaMillTM type mill, one of which is in the process of being pushed into place along a drive shaft;
[00311 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of operation of an IsaMillTM type mill;
[00321 Figure 3 shows a partially manufactured grinding disc, before the step of applying elastomeric material in accordance with the present disclosure;
[00331 Figure 4 is a cross sectional view along the line A-A of Figure 3;
[00341 Figure 5 is an enlarged view of detail B of Figure 4;
[00351 Figure 6 shows the frame of the grinding disc of Figure 3;
[00361 Figure 7 shows the clamping ring of the grinding disc of Figure 3;
[00371 Figure 8 shows the wear ring of the grinding disc of Figure 3;
[00381 Figure 9 is a cross sectional view along the line B-B of Figure 8;
[00391 Figure 10 is a perspective view of the partially assembled grinding disc of Figure 3;
[00401 Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view similar to the view in Figure 5 but after the step of applying elastomeric material to the grinding disc has been carried out;
[00411 Figure 12 is a front view of an alternative embodiment of a grinding disc; and
[00421 Figure 13 is a cross sectional view along the line A-A of figure 12.
Detailed Description
[00431 Referring to Figure 3, a partially manufactured grinding disc is shown including a support member in the form of a frame 1 and a rim member in the form of a wear ring 3. The wear ring 3 is mounted to the frame 1 and is held in place by a clamp arrangement formed from a removable clamp ring 2 and a backing ring 4 (visible in Figure 5). The backing ring 4 is permanently attached to the frame 1 by spot welds. The clamp ring 2 is removably attached to the frame 1 by a series of bolts which pass through apertures provided in the clamping ring and which screw into corresponding threaded holes provided in the frame 1.
[00441 The frame 1 includes a central aperture 11 which is surrounded by a series of holes 12 which are arranged to mount the frame 1 to a reusable hub (not shown in Figure 3 but labelled B in Figure 1) in a known fashion. The frame 1 also includes kidney shaped apertures 14 which are provided to allow passage of mill contents through the disc in use, again in a known fashion.
[00451 The frame 1 is formed from mild steel. The wear ring 3 is formed from high chrome white cast iron such as A05, A61 or A300 alloys available from Weir Minerals www.weirminerals.com. White cast iron contains carbides (for example chromium or niobium carbides) and is resistant to wear.
[00461 Referring to Figure 6, the frame 1 includes a series of five notches 16 provided around its periphery. Referring to Figure 8, the wear ring 3 includes a central rib 31 which includes a series of formations in the form of five projections 32. When assembled together, the projections 32 of the wear ring 3 sit in notches 16 of the frame 1.
In use, the engagement of the projections 32 in the notches 16 enables full torque to be transmitted from the frame 1 to the wear ring 3 without the need to rely on the strength of the rubber spanning the join between the frame 1 and the wear ring 3 or relying on the strength of the clamp ring arrangement. In other embodiments, the wear ring can be fastened by a different arrangement or number of interfitting projections and recesses in use to join it to the frame.
[00471 After the wear ring 3 is clamped in place on the frame 1, the resulting assembly is moulded over with an elastomeric material in the form of rubber 5. As can be seen in Figure 9, the region of rubber 5 overlies the clamping arrangement, thus preventing any loosening of the clamping bolts. The rubber extends for the width of the outer thickness of wear ring 3 and extends across the apertures 14. The apertures 14 become partly filled with rubber around their edges but they are not completely filled to leave slots for the passage of ore slurry through the grinding disc and along the mill in the usual fashion. The side faces and outer face of the wear ring 3 remain exposed.
[00481 Grinding discs according to the embodiment above have superior wear resistance characteristics which result in longer intervals between maintenance operations on a mill to replace worn grinding discs.
[00491 Furthermore, the provision of a separate wear ring leads to the ability to fine tune the disc to the mill through the ability to change the carbide alloy grade of the material used to form the wear ring to the best suited material with respect to wear resistance for each particular mill application. The change of carbide is simply a matter of changing the wear ring.
[00501 The inclusion of projections and slots which engage the wear ring to the frame, along with the associated clamping arrangement provided, allows the carbide wear rings to be made without the need for machining, which can still be securely attached to the frame for adequate torque transmission from the driveshaft.
[00511 The disc weight may be increased with respect to prior art grinding discs, but the weight is still within the tolerance of most IsaMillTM shaft and bearing assemblies. Furthermore, the outer peripheral tip speed may be increased beyond the maximum allowable tip speed of elastomers.
[00521 The shape of the wear ring allows the use of processes such as centrifugal casting to produce a wear ring with a hard outermost later. The wear ring can also be made of A300 (containing niobium carbides) and other higher grade carbide materials prolonging the life even further.
[00531 The rubber mould process is unchanged from the prior art as the assembled disc is installed to the mould prior to moulding. The rubber-to-carbide interface and the coverage of the clamp rings means no chance of the clamp ring loosening.
[00541 Referring now to figures 12 and 13, an alternative approach will now be described. A metal support frame 100 (shown in dotted outline) is formed with a series of kidney shaped apertures 114 (also shown in dotted outline). The support frame is then introduced into a mould and raw elastomeric material is introduced into the mould along with a number of ceramic spheres. The ceramic spheres are introduced at regions in the mould around the periphery of the support frame and also around the periphery of the kidney shaped apertures. The elastomeric material is then cured in the mould in a known fashion. The resultant grinding disc has ceramic spheres located in a region 200 around the periphery of the grinding disc and also in region 214 around the periphery of each kidney shaped apertures.
[00551 The ceramic spheres are formed from a material which has a hardness greater than the hardness of the elastomeric material and also of a hardness greater than the hardness of the grinding media that is used in the mill. In one embodiment the material used is of a Knoop hardness of about 1400GPa. A suitable material is an alumina oxide material known as FG-995 available from CoorsTek, Inc. of Colorada, USA (www.coorstek.com).
[00561 The ceramic spheres can be selected in a size range of between 6mm and mm and are preferably of about 10mm in diameter. Using this approach allows the use of pre-existing moulds to form the grinding discs. In other embodiments ceramic rods may be used in place of ceramic spheres. The rods are preferably of cylindrical cross section with a diameter of between 6mm to 50mm. The length of the rods is equal to or greater than their diameter.
[00571 In the foregoing description of preferred embodiments, specific terminology has been resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terms so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar technical purpose. Terms such as "front" and "rear", "inner" and "outer", "above", "below", "upper" and "lower" and the like are used as words of convenience to provide reference points and are not to be construed as limiting terms.
[00581 The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgement or admission or any form of suggestion that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.
[00591 In this specification, the word "comprising" is to be understood in its "open" sense, that is, in the sense of "including", and thus not limited to its "closed" sense, that is the sense of "consisting only of'. A corresponding meaning is to be attributed to the corresponding words "comprise", "comprised" and "comprises" where they appear.
[00601 In addition, the foregoing describes only some embodiments of the invention(s), and alterations, modifications, additions and/or changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosed embodiments, the embodiments being illustrative and not restrictive.
[00611 Furthermore, invention(s) have been described in connection with what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention(s). Also, the various embodiments described above may be implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, e.g., aspects of one embodiment may be combined with aspects of another embodiment to realize yet other embodiments. Further, each independent feature or component of any given assembly may constitute an additional embodiment.
Claims (12)
1. A grinding disc for a grinding machine including: a support member, the support member includes a central aperture; at least one region of elastomeric material is affixed to the support member; and a number of objects are embedded in the elastomeric material, the objects being formed from a material of a hardness which is greater than the hardness of the elastomeric material.
2. A grinding disc according to claim 1 wherein the objects are formed from a ceramic material.
3. A grinding disc according to claim 1 wherein the ceramic material has a Knoop hardness of greater than 1300GPa.
4. A grinding disc according to claim 1 wherein the ceramic material has a Knoop hardness of about 1400GPa
5. A grinding disc according to any one of claims I to 4 wherein the objects are generally spherical or cylindrical.
6. A grinding disc according to claim 5 wherein the objects have a diameter of between 6mm and 50 mm.
7. A grinding disc according to claim 5 wherein the objects have a diameter of approximately 10 mm.
8. A grinding disc according to any one of claims I to 7 wherein the objects are embedded in a region around the periphery of the grinding disc.
9. A grinding disc according to any one of claims I to 7 wherein the grinding disc includes a series of apertures and the objects are embedded in regions around the periphery of the apertures.
10. A grinding machine including at least one grinding disc according to any one of the preceding claims.
11. A grinding machine according to claim 10, which is a stirred-medium grinding mill.
12. A grinding machine according to claim 10, which includes a plurality of grinding discs coupled to a horizontally oriented driveshaft.
BA
Fig 1 PRIOR ART
Fig 2 PRIOR ART
11 2
Fig 3 1
14
Fig 4 3
Fig 5
Fig 6 16
Fig 7
Fig 8 32 31
Fig 9
2
Fig 10
1
Fig 11 3
4
Fig 12 200 100
214
Fig 13
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2023204144A AU2023204144A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2023-06-29 | A Grinding Disc For A Grinding Machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2016904819 | 2016-11-24 | ||
| AU2016904819A AU2016904819A0 (en) | 2016-11-24 | A grinding disc for a grinding machine | |
| AU2017365706A AU2017365706B2 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2017-11-23 | A grinding disc for a grinding machine |
| PCT/AU2017/051291 WO2018094463A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2017-11-23 | A grinding disc for a grinding machine |
| AU2023204144A AU2023204144A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2023-06-29 | A Grinding Disc For A Grinding Machine |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2017365706A Division AU2017365706B2 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2017-11-23 | A grinding disc for a grinding machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2023204144A1 true AU2023204144A1 (en) | 2023-07-20 |
Family
ID=62194521
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2017365706A Active AU2017365706B2 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2017-11-23 | A grinding disc for a grinding machine |
| AU2023204144A Pending AU2023204144A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2023-06-29 | A Grinding Disc For A Grinding Machine |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2017365706A Active AU2017365706B2 (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2017-11-23 | A grinding disc for a grinding machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (2) | AU2017365706B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018094463A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108837891B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-08-11 | 东阳市星吉年工贸有限公司 | Continuous dry ball mill with ultrahigh filling rate |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4036443A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1977-07-19 | Beloit Corporation | Refiner head assembly and refining disk therefor |
| US4504283A (en) * | 1982-07-22 | 1985-03-12 | Superior Finishers, Incorporated | Cushioned abrasive articles, and method of manufacture |
| JPS61159375A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-19 | Tsuneo Masuda | Whetstone polymer composite material for melting and crushing machine and manufacture thereof |
| US6010085A (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-01-04 | Kerr Corporation | Agitator mill and method of use for low contamination grinding |
| US8545583B2 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2013-10-01 | Wayne O. Duescher | Method of forming a flexible abrasive sheet article |
-
2017
- 2017-11-23 AU AU2017365706A patent/AU2017365706B2/en active Active
- 2017-11-23 WO PCT/AU2017/051291 patent/WO2018094463A1/en active Application Filing
-
2023
- 2023-06-29 AU AU2023204144A patent/AU2023204144A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2017365706B2 (en) | 2023-08-10 |
| WO2018094463A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
| AU2017365706A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
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