AU2022209330B2 - Composition for use in cleaning metal components - Google Patents
Composition for use in cleaning metal components Download PDFInfo
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- AU2022209330B2 AU2022209330B2 AU2022209330A AU2022209330A AU2022209330B2 AU 2022209330 B2 AU2022209330 B2 AU 2022209330B2 AU 2022209330 A AU2022209330 A AU 2022209330A AU 2022209330 A AU2022209330 A AU 2022209330A AU 2022209330 B2 AU2022209330 B2 AU 2022209330B2
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- composition
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- organic solvents
- acetone
- ethylhexanol
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- QULYNCCPRWKEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N parachlorobenzotrifluoride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QULYNCCPRWKEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OHJYHAOODFPJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethylhexoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCCO OHJYHAOODFPJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 231100001244 hazardous air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 19
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YVRYNXUEZTXSDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxyhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)OCCCC YVRYNXUEZTXSDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- QYMFNZIUDRQRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butanedioate;dimethyl hexanedioate;dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC QYMFNZIUDRQRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- DBLVXHJTZIDGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.OCCOCCO DBLVXHJTZIDGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
- C11D7/5068—Mixtures of halogenated and non-halogenated solvents
- C11D7/5077—Mixtures of only oxygen-containing solvents
-
- C11D2111/16—
Abstract
A composition for use in cleaning metal components having Hansen Solubility Parameters
for the composition of 6 D > 15, 6 p < 6, and 6 H from about 5.5 to about 6.9. The composition
includes a blend of organic solvents, none of which are classified as a volatile organic compound,
a hazardous air pollutant, or a potential carcinogen, or exhibit a vapor pressure of less than 0.1
mmHg at 20°C. Further, the blend of organic solvents includes a halogenated aromatic solvent
having one or more halide groups and from 6 to 8 carbon atoms, an organic solvent having one or
more ester functional group and from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, and one or more of a linear or branched
hydrocarbon solvent with 6-12 carbon atoms with a single polar moiety head group or a solvent
containing one or more ketone functional groups and from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
19
18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
Description
[0001] This disclosure is directed to a solvent composition for use in cleaning metal components. More specifically, the composition includes a blend of organic solvents that, while being exempted from, or not classified as, a volatile organic compound, a hazardous air pollutant, or a potential carcinogen.
[0001a] The entire disclosure in the complete specification for parent Australian Patent Application No. 2019462996 is by this cross-reference incorporated into the present specification.
[0002] Metal parts cleaners generally fall in to one of two categories: chlorinated solvents and hydrocarbon solvents. Although chlorinated solvents are non-flammable and are not classified as a volatile organic compound (VOC), they are generally considered to be a potential carcinogen and pose an less than acceptable health risk to users. Hydrocarbon solvents, on the other hand, possess favorable cleaning action and fast evaporation without residue, however, they have varying serious health risks, including potential carcinogenic effects. These solvents, such as toluene, benzene, xylene, and hexane, are classified as a VOC or a hazardous air pollutant (HAP), which limits their use in commercial settings. It would be beneficial to create a metal parts cleaner that has the solubility and cleaning action properties of these traditional solvents, but without the associated health risks to the user.
[0003] A composition for use in cleaning metal components is disclosed. In one embodiment, the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the composition are 6D > 15, 6P < 6, and 6H from about 5.5 to about 6.9. Moreover, the composition includes a blend of organic solvents. In one embodiment, none of the organic solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, a hazardous air pollutant, or a potential carcinogen, or wherein the solvent exhibits a vapor pressure of less than 0.1 mmHg at 20°C.
[0004] Specifically, the blend of organic solvents may include a halogenated aromatic solvent having one or more halide groups and from 6 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the halogenated aromatic solvent are in the range of about 6D : 17 - 19,
1 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
6P: 5-7, and 6H: 3-5; an organic solvent having one or more ester functional group and from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the organic solvent are in the range of about 6D : 14 - 16, 6P: 3.5-7.5, and 6H: 5-10; and one or more of the following: a linear or branched hydrocarbon solvent with 6-12 carbon atoms with a single polar moiety head group, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the hydrocarbon solvent are in the range of about 6D : 6-9, 6P: 1-3, and 6H: 5-7; and a solvent containing one or more ketone functional groups and from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the solvent containing one or more ketone functional groups are in the range of about 6D : 14-16, 6P: 8.5 - 11, and 6H: -8.
[0005] In one embodiment, the halogenated aromatic solvent is parachlorobenzotriflouride which is present in an amount from about 0.25% to about 20% of the composition.
[0006] In another embodiment, the organic solvent with one or more ester functional groups is selected from the group consisting of tert-butyl acetate, methyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, diethylene glycol monoethyl acetate, and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate. In yet another embodiment, the organic solvent with one or more ester functional groups is tert-butyl acetate which is present in an amount from about 25% to about 65% of the composition.
[0007] In another embodiment, the hydrocarbon solvent having a single polar moiety head group is 1-butoxyhexanol or 2-ethyl-hexanol which is present in an amount from about 0.1% to about 1% of the composition.
[0008] In another embodiment, the solvent containing one or more ketone functional groups is acetone which is present in an amount from about 5% to about 50% of the composition.
[0008a] In particular, disclosed is a composition for use in cleaning metal components, the composition comprising: a blend of organic solvents, wherein none of the solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, and the blend of organic solvents comprises: from about 1% to about 9% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; from about 25% to about 70% tert-butyl acetate; and
one or more of the following: from about 0.1 to about 1% 2-ethylhexanol, and from about 5% to about 75% acetone.
2 20057366_1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU.1
[0008b] Also disclosed is a composition for use in cleaning metal components, wherein the composition comprises a blend of organic solvents and none of the solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises one or more of acetone, t-butyl acetate, parachlorobenzotrifluoride, 2-ethylhexanol, and ethylene glycol 2 ethylhexyl ether; the composition is configured to have an evaporation rate to allow the composition to remain on the metal components for cleaning and minimizing residues left behind; and the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the composition are 6 D > 15, 6 P < 6, and6 H from about 5.5 to about 6.9.
[0008c] Also disclosed is a method of cleaning metal components, comprising: charging a composition into an aerosol can, wherein the composition comprises a blend of organic solvents, none of the solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, and the blend of organic solvents comprises: from about 1% to about 9% parachlorobenzotrifluoride;
from about 25% to about 70% tert-butyl acetate; and one or more of the following: from about 0.1 to about 1% 2-ethylhexanol, and from about 5% to about 75% acetone; pressurizing the aerosol
can; and spraying the composition onto the metal components.
[0009] The accompanying figures, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate various example configurations and data, and are used merely to illustrate various example embodiments. In the figures, like elements bear like reference numerals.
[0010] Figure 1 is the graphical representation of evaporation curves for various example formulations.
2a 20057366_1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU.1
[0011] A composition for use in cleaning metal parts is provided. Specifically the composition includes a blend of organic solvents. In one embodiment, the blend includes one or more organic solvent, each of which are either 1) not classified as, or are exempt from being classified as, a VOC, a HAP, or a potential carcinogen or 2) have a vapor pressure of less than 0.1 mmHg at 20°C. Surprisingly, it has been found that this blend of organic solvents exhibits a cleaning action, solubility parameters, and evaporation rates (leading to decreased residue on the component) that are comparable to solvents considered to pose potential health risks.
[0012] Although none of the components of the blended composition are classified (or are exempt from being classified) as a VOC, HAP, or potential carcinogen, the resulting composition exhibits Hansen Solubility Parameters that are similar to those substances. Specifically, the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the blended composition have been found to be 6 D > 14-16, 6 P< 3.5 - 7, and 6 H from about 5.5 to about 6.9.
[0013] In one embodiment, the composition is created by combining a halogenated aromatic solvent having one or more halide groups and from 6 to 8 carbon atoms, an organic solvent having one or more ester functional groups and from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, and one or more of a linear or branched hydrocarbon solvent with 6-12 carbon atoms with a single polar moiety head group and a solvent containing one or more ketone functional groups and from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
[0014] In one embodiment, the halogenated aromatic solvent having one or more halide groups and from 6 to 8 carbon atoms has Hansen Solubility Parameters that are in the range of about 6D : 17 - 19, 6P: 5-7, and 6H: 3-5 and is present in the composition in an amount of from 0.25% to 20%, and preferably from about 1% to about 9%, of the total composition. Further, it should be understood that these halogenated aromatic solvents are not considered a HAP or potential carcinogen and are exempted from VOC, or they exhibit a vapor pressure of less than about 0.1 mmHg at 20°C. In one embodiment, the halogenated aromatic solvent is parachlorobenzotriflouride (PCBTF).
[0015] In another embodiment, the organic solvent having one or more ester functional group and from 3 to 9 carbon atoms has Hansen Solubility Parameters that are in the range of about 6D : 14 - 16, 6P: 3.5-7.5, and 6H: 5-10 and is present in the composition in an amount from about
3 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
% to about 65% of the total composition. Further, it should be understood that these ester containing organic solvents are not considered a HAP or potential carcinogen and are exempted from VOC, or they exhibit a vapor pressure of less than about 0.1 mmHg at 20°C. In one embodiment the ester-containing organic solvent may be methyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether/diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (commercially available from Eastman Chemical Company), t-butyl acetate. In another embodiment, the solvent is t-butyl acetate.
[0016] In another embodiment the linear or branched hydrocarbon solvent with 6-12 carbon atoms and a single polar moiety head group has Hansen Solubility Parameters that are in the range of about 6D : 6-9, 6P: 1-3, and 6H: 5-7 and when present in the composition, is present in the amount of about 0.1 to about 1.2%, and in another embodiment from about 0.1 to about 1.0%. Further, it should be understood that these linear or branched hydrocarbon solvents are not considered a HAP or potential carcinogen and are exempted from VOC, or they exhibit a vapor pressure of less than about 0.1 mmHg at 20°C. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon solvent is 2 butoxyhexanol or 2-ethylhexanol. In another embodiment, the hydrocarbon solvent is 2 ethylhexanol.
[0017] These medium chain length organic solvents may function as a surfactant, lowering the surface tension between the product and the soiled surfaces. Moreover, the organic solvents have been found to enhance the composition's wetting action, and thus, its cleaning ability without leaving a residue or adversely affecting the drying rate.
[0018] In another embodiment, the solvent containing one or more ketone functional groups and from 2 to 5 carbon atoms has Hansen Solubility Parameters that are in the range of about 6D : 14-16, 6P: 8.5 - 11, and 6H: 5-8 and when present in the composition, is present in an amount of about 5% to about 50%. Further, it should be understood that these solvents are not considered a HAP or potential carcinogen and are exempted from VOC, or they exhibit a vapor pressure of less than about 0.1 mmHg at 20°C. In one embodiment, the solvent containing one or more ketone functional group is acetone. It has been found that the addition of a solvent, such as acetone, enhances the evaporation rate of the blended composition.
Examples
Solvent Effect - Varied Soils
4 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
[0019] Individual solvents were evaluated by visual inspection of solvation action when applied to various soils encountered in automotive cleaning procedures. The soils used for testing included 10W-30 motor oil, DOT 3 brake fluid, #2 Lithium Grease, and Power Steering Fluid. Solvation was evaluated on a relative scale: Poor, Fair, Good and Excellent. The rating is based on the solvent's ability to blend with the soil of interest, the rate of the blending, the amount of solvent required to remove the soil from the substrate and the amount of residue left behind by the solvent.
Test Procedure
[0020] In one example, the individual solvents were evaluated. Aluminum test dishes were prepared by applying approximately 5 drops of each soil to the dishes. Neat solvent was added dropwise beside each soil so that the edges of the two materials came in contact with one another. The solvation action of the solvent was observed. The extent to which the soil and the solvent mixed and the rate of mixing was observed. Additional solvent was then applied to each section and the dish was lifted to observe the removal of the soil. Another addition of solvent was applied by pipette (approx. 1-2 mL) to observe the spray-off characteristics of each soil/solvent combination.
Relative Solvation Rating Standards - Table 1
Rating Explanation Poor Little or no solvation. Very slow rate of solvation. Large amount of soil residue after spray. Fair Some, slow solvation effect. Slow to Moderate solvation rate. Moderate amount of soil residue after spray. Good Significant solvation effect. Moderate to rapid solvation rate. Small amount of residue after spray. Excellent Significant solvation effect. Rapid/extensive solvation rate. No soil residue after spray.
[0021] The results of the Hansen Solubility calculations and evaporation rate data are shown below in Table 2:
Table 2
Hansen Data Solvents VOC dD dP dH MVol Evaporation Rate (BuAc = 1)
5 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
Toluene Yes 18 1.4 2 106.6 1.9 Xylene Yes 17.6 1 3.1 123.9 0.6 Heptane Yes 15.3 0 0 147 4.3 Eastman EEH No 7.8 2 2.5 195.9 0.003 2-ethyl hexanol No 7.8 1.6 5.8 123.9 < 0.01 dibasic ester LVP No 8.3 2.2 0 151.21 0.009 Dowanol Eph No 17.8 5.7 14.3 124.5 0.001 Eastman Omnia No 7.87 3.13 5.62 164.99 0.01 Eastman DE Acetate No 7.9 2.5 4.5 174.12 0.008 Eastman DB Acetate No 7.8 3.4 5.2 208.44 0.003 Eastman DP Solvent No 7.8 3.5 5.5 152.78 0.01 Eastman Texanol No 7.8 3.5 5.5 152.78 0.002 Acetone No 15.5 10.4 7 73.8 14.4 PCBTF No 18 5.9 3.9 134.75 0.9 t-butyl acetate No 15 3.7 6 132.6 2.8 dimethyl carbonate No 8.5 4.7 1.9 84.2 3.22 Carbitol Solvent No 16.1 9.2 12.2 135.56 0.01 Methyl Acetate No 15.5 7.2 7.6 79.8 6 Propylene Carbonate No 20 18 4.1 85.2 0.005
[0022] The results of the Solvent Effect data for various soils are shown below in Table 3:
Table 3
Solvent Effect - Varied Soils Solvents VOC Motor Oil Brake Fluid Power Steering Greases Fluid Toluene Yes Excellent Good Good Good Xylene Yes Excellent Good Good Good Heptane Yes Excellent Good Good Good Eastman EEH No Good Good Fair Fair 2-ethyl hexanol No Good Fair Poor Excellent dibasic ester LVP No Poor/Fair Poor Poor/Fair Good Dowanol Eph No Good Excellent Good Fair Eastman Omnia No Good Good Good Poor/Fair Eastman DE Acetate No Fair/Good Good Fair/Good Poor Eastman DB Acetate No Fair/Good Good Fair/Good Poor Eastman DP Solvent No Fair/Good Good Fair/Good Poor Eastman Texanol No Good Fair/Good Good Poor Acetone No Poor Good Excellent Poor
6 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
PCBTF No Excellent Excellent Fair Fair t-butyl acetate No Excellent Excellent Fair Fair dimethyl carbonate No Poor Good Good Poor Carbitol Solvent No Fair/Good Good Good Poor Methyl Acetate No Fair/Good Excellent Good Poor Propylene Carbonate No Fair Fair/Good Good Poor
[0023] Solvation in this context can be readily characterized by example. "No solvation" can be described by two materials that will not blend in any proportions, i.e. oil and water. For example, if a drop of oil and a drop of water are placed beside each other with edges touching, they will not blend and thus have no solvation. The opposite, and thus "excellent solvation," would be two materials that are miscible and will blend in any proportion. One example would be water and ethanol. If a drop of each were placed beside one another, with edges touching, the two would rapidly blend together and form a homogenous phase. Most materials have some degree of solubility with each other. The relative scale used above describes this, but also includes an observation of the rate at which it occurs. Excellent is near instantaneous. Good occurs over 1-3 seconds. Fair is over 5-20 seconds and poor requires significant time to solvate 30 seconds to several minutes. Similar quantification methods were used for the solvent blend tests, described below.
Solvent Blend Effects - Application Testing on Varied Soils
[0024] In one example, the solvent blends were evaluated by visual inspection of their solvation action when applied to various soils encountered in automotive cleaning procedures. The soils used for testing were 10W-30 motor oil, DOT 3 brake fluid, #2 Lithium Grease, and Power Steering Fluid. Solvation was evaluated on a relative scale: Poor, Fair, Good and Excellent. The rating is based on the solvent blends ability to remove various soils from test panels. The effect is bracketed by the performance of the 10% VOC Parts cleaner on the low end and by the % VOC Parts Cleaner on the upper end and characterizes the solvent blend's ability to blend with the soil of interest, the rate of the blending, the amount of solvent blend required to remove the soil from the substrate, and the amount of residue left behind by the solvent.
Test Procedure
7 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
[0025] Steel test panels were prepared by the following method. A thin film of NLGI #2 lithium complex grease, polyurea grease, and calcium sulfonate grease were applied to the steel test panels in sections with a rag. Approximately 3-5 mL of10w-30 conventional motor oil, DOT 3 brake fluid, and power steering fluid were then applied in small puddles and smeared with a rag or paper towel. The panels were then baked at 60 °C for approximately 16 hours to simulate service conditions.
[0026] Once the panels were prepared, the individual solvent blends were prepared by mixing together the individual components in a glass beaker and then stirring the blends for 1-2 minutes. About 200 g of the blends were then charged into standard 12 oz aerosol cans. The cans were then pressurized to approximately 100 PSI with C02, shaken well, and allowed to sit at least two hours to ensure C02 dissolution.
[0027] The individual solvent blends were then tested by the following method. Performance of test blends were compared to the Valvoline Professional Series (VPS) 10% VOC Parts Cleaner (commercially available from Valvoline LLC), for a low performance mark, and the VPS 45% VOC Parts Cleaner (commercially available from Valvoline LLC), for a high performance mark. In a well-ventilated area or fume hood, the prepared panels were positioned above a catch pan. The test blends were then sprayed onto the soils in 2-3 second bursts, targeting each soil type individually. Each test blend was allowed to penetrate the soils for approximately -10 seconds. The test blends were then sprayed onto the soils again, targeting each soil type individually for an additional 2-3 second burst.
[0028] The cleaning performance was inspected visually between the first and second burst and after the panel was allowed to dry. They were evaluated by the same relative rating standards as above.
[0029] The compositions of the sample solvent blends are set forth in Table 4 below:
Table 4
Sample # Acetone t-butyl acetate PCBTF 2-ethylhexanol Eastman EEH 1 50 25 25 0 0 2 75 12.5 12.5 0 0 3 90 5 5 0 0 4 50 50 0 0 0 5 75 25 0 0 0
8 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
Sample # Acetone t-butyl acetate PCBTF 2-ethyihexanol Eastman EEH 6 90 10 0 0 0 7 50 0 50 0 0 8 75 0 25 0 0 9 90 0 10 0 0 10 80 10 10 0 0 11 80 15 5 0 0 12 80 5 15 0 0 13 75 15 10 0 0 14 75 20 5 0 0 15 75 10 15 0 0 16 65 35 0 0 0 17 65 25 10 0 0 18 65 30 5 0 0 19 50 40 10 0 0 20 50 45 5 0 0 21 25 65 10 0 0 22 0 85 15 0 0 23 65 32.5 2.5 0 0 24 50 0 0 50 0 25 75 0 0 25 0 26 65 0 0 35 0 27 90 0 0 10 0 28 0 50 0 50 0 29 0 65 0 35 0 30 0 75 0 25 0 31 0 90 0 10 0 32 65 0 0 0 35 33 75 0 0 0 25 34 90 0 0 0 10 35 0 65 0 0 35 36 0 75 0 0 25 37 0 90 0 0 10 38 50 45 2.5 2.5 0 39 50 45 4 1 0 40 50 40 9 1 0 41 50 40 0 10 0 42 50 45 0 5 0 43 50 40 5 5 0 44 0 90 5 5 0 45 0 90 9 1 0 46 29 65 5 1 0 47 0 95 4 1 0 48 29 67.5 2.5 1 0 49 0 96.5 2.5 1 0
9 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
[0030] The Hansen Solubility Parameters were calculated for each sample. The data from those calculations are provided below in Table 5.
TableS5
Sample # Hansen Solubility Parameters ___________dD dP dH 1 13.8 6.9 5.5 2 15.8 9.0 6.5 3 15.6 9.84 6.795 4 15.25 7.05 6.5 5 15.375 8.725 6.75 6 15.45 9.73 6.9 7 16.75 8.15 5.45 8 16.125 9.275 6.225 9 15.75 9.95 6.69 10 15.7 9.28 6.59 11 15.55 9.17 6.695 12 15.85 9.39 6.485 13 15.675 8.945 6.54 14 15.525 8.835 6.645 15 15.825 9.055 6.435 16 15.325 8.055 6.65 17 15.625 8.275 6.44 18 15.475 8.165 6.545 19 15.55 7.27 6.29 20 15.4 7.16 6.395 21 15.425 5.595 6.04 22 15.45 4.03 5.685 23 15.4 8.11 6.5975 24 11.65 6 6.4 25 13.575 8.2 6.7 26 12.805 7.32 6.58 27 14.73 9.52 6.88 28 11.4 2.65 5.9 29 12.48 2.965 5.93 30 13.2 3.175 5.95 31 14.28 3.49 5.98 32 12.805 7.46 5.425 33 13.575 8.3 5.875 34 14.73 9.56 6.55
10 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P1 18117.AU
Sample # Hansen Solubility Parameters 35 12.48 3.105 4.775 36 13.2 3.275 5.125 37 14.28 3.53 5.65 38 15.145 7.0525 6.4425 39 15.298 7.117 6.414 40 15.448 7.227 6.309 41 14.53 6.84 6.48 42 14.89 6.945 6.49 43 15.04 7.055 6.385 44 14.79 3.705 5.885 45 15.198 3.877 5.809 46 15.223 5.732 6.183 47 15.048 3.767 5.914 48 15.148 5.677 6.2355 49 15.003 3.734 5.9455
[0031] The results of the solvent removal data are set forth in Table 6, below.
Table 6
Sample # Observations (based on a summary of all soils used) Soil Evaporation Solvency Removal Rate Residue 1 Fair Fair Fair (slow) Significant 2 Fair Poor Fair Extensive 3 Poor Poor Too fast Extensive 4 Fair Good Fair Significant 5 Fair Fair - Significant 6 Poor Poor Too fast Extensive 7 Good Good Too slow Significant 8 Fair Good Too slow Significant 9 Poor Fair Fair Extensive 10 Fair Fair Fair Extensive 11 Fair Fair Fair Extensive 12 Fair Fair Too slow Extensive 13 Fair Good Fair Significant 14 Good Good Fair Significant 15 Fair Good Too slow Significant 16 Good Fair Fair Minimal 17 Good Good Good Minimal 18 Good Good Good Minimal 19 Excellent Good Good Minimal
11 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
Sample # Observations (based on a summary of all soils used) 20 Excellent Good Good Minimal 21 Excellent Good Fair None 22 Excellent Good Fair None 23 Good Fair Good Significant 24 Poor Fair Too slow Extensive 25 Fair Fair Too slow Extensive 26 Fair Good Too slow Significant 27 Poor Fair Too slow Extensive 28 Fair Good Too slow None 29 Good Good Too slow None 30 Good Good Too slow None 31 Excellent Excellent Too slow None 32 Fair Good Too slow Significant 33 Fair Good Too slow Significant 34 Poor Poor Fair Significant 35 Good Good Too slow None 36 Good Good Too slow None 37 Excellent Excellent Fair None 38 Good Good Fair Minimal 39 Good Good Good Minimal 40 Good Good Good Minimal 41 Good Excellent Too slow Significant 42 Good Excellent Too slow Significant 43 Good Excellent Too slow Significant 44 Excellent Excellent Poor None 45 Excellent Excellent Good None 46 Excellent Excellent Good None 47 Excellent Excellent Fair None 48 Excellent Excellent Excellent None 49 Excellent Excellent Good None
[0032] It will be understood that if a composition has an evaporation rate that is deemed to be "too slow," the solvent composition can be observed to linger on the cleaning surface or area around it for a significant amount of time (approximately 5 to about 10 minutes). If an evaporation rate is too slow, one would have to clean the soiled surface by another means (rag/paper towel, etc.) before continuing work.
[0033] Conversely, if a composition has an evaporation rate that is considered to be "too fast," the solvent composition does not dwell long enough on the soiled surface to either solvate
12 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU the soil completely or facilitate its transport from the surface being cleaned. This results in having to use more product to transport the soil from the surface of the component being cleaned and can result in significant residue as well.
[0034] As can be seen from the data above, blended compositions that include about 25 to 30% acetone, about 97 to 65% t-butyl acetate, about 2.5 to about 5% PCBTF, and about 1% 2 ethylhexanol produce high quality cleaning composition, without the expected health risks generally associated with known metal parts cleaners. In one embodiment, the blended composition will preferably include about 29% acetone, about 67.5% t-butyl acetate, about 2.5% PCBTF, and about 1% 2-ethylhexanol, as in Sample #48..
[0035] There seems to be a strong relation between soil removal efficiency and the evaporation rate of the composition, with slow evaporation rates favoring improved soil removal. Moreover, while large amounts of 2-ethylhexanol appeared to negatively impact the evaporation rate of the overall composition, small amounts, that is less than about 2.5% of the total weight percent of the blend, appear to improve the wetting action of the other solvents and helped to improve the soil removal action of the blended composition. While not being bound to theory, it is believed that the presence of a small amount of 2-ethylhexanol reduces the evaporation rate of the composition enough to allow for thorough penetration of persistent soils, thus reducing the amount of blended composition required to achieve acceptable soil removal.
[0036] To that end, the evaporation rates of examples formulations were compared. Approximately 3 grams of each sample were weighed onto a 3 inch watch glass and left exposed in a fume hood at a face velocity of 109 feet per minute (FPM). The weight change of each sample was recorded as a function of time over approximately 15 - 17. As shown in Figure 1, this data was then plotted by weight change per minute. With continuing reference to Figure 1, it was found that the methyl acetate and PCBTF formula, lost nearly 85% of its weight in only 16 minutes. Sample #48, however, performed much better, losing only about 67.7%, while the toluene composition lost only 41.5% weight. The optimized evaporation rate of Sample #48 allow the formulations to remain on the soil for longer periods of time, increasing the soil removal capability, while minimizing the residue left behind.
[0037] In addition, the data shows that small amounts of PCBTF, from about 2.0% to about 20%, appears to have a synergistic solvation effect with acetone and t-butyl acetate. It is
13 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU likely that the presence of an aromatic moiety and a chlorinated/fluorinated functionality contributes to this effect.
[0038] Finally, the data shows that the ability to control the evaporation rate has a large impact on the blended composition's overall performance. Preferably, a "stepwise" evaporation curve, with components in increasingly small amounts, with increasingly slower evaporation rates allows for soil penetration, but prevents a significant amount of residual cleaner from remaining on the soiled component part. This will ultimately improve the performance of the blended composition and reduce the amount needed.
[0039] While the invention has been described with respect to specific examples including presently preferred modes of carrying out the invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the above described systems and techniques that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
[0040] It is to be understood that if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia or any other country.
[0041] In the claims which follow and in the description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.
14 18920056 1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU
Claims (20)
1. A composition for use in cleaning metal components, the composition comprising:
a blend of organic solvents, wherein none of the solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
from about 1% to about 9% parachlorobenzotrifluoride;
from about 25% to about 70% tert-butyl acetate; and
one or more of the following:
from about 0.1 to about 1% 2-ethylhexanol, and
from about 5% to about 75% acetone.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the composition are 6 D> 15, 6 P < 6, and 6 H from about 5.5 to about 6.9.
3. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the composition is free of acetone and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 90% tert-butyl acetate;
about 9% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
4. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 29% acetone;
about 65% tert-butyl acetate;
about 5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
5. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the composition is free of acetone and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 95% tert-butyl acetate;
about 4% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
15 20057366_1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU.1 about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
6. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 29% acetone;
about 67.5% tert-butyl acetate;
about 2.5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
7. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the composition is free of acetone and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 96.5% tert-butyl acetate;
about 2.5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
8. A composition for use in cleaning metal components, wherein
the composition comprises a blend of organic solvents and none of the solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises one or more of acetone, t-butyl acetate, parachlorobenzotrifluoride, 2-ethylhexanol, and ethylene glycol 2-ethylhexyl ether;
the composition is configured to have an evaporation rate to allow the composition to remain on the metal components for cleaning and minimizing residues left behind; and
the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the composition are 6D > 15, 6 P < 6, and 6 H from about 5.5 to about 6.9.
9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition is configured to lose about 67.7% weight in about sixteen minutes after being applied to the metal components.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 29% acetone;
about 67.5% tert-butyl acetate;
about 2.5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
16 20057366_1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU.1 about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
11. The composition of claim 9, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the composition are 6 D about 15.148, 6 p about 5.677, and 6 H about 6.2355.
12. A method of cleaning metal components, comprising:
charging a composition into an aerosol can, wherein the composition comprises a blend of organic solvents, none of the solvents are classified as a volatile organic compound, and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
from about 1% to about 9% parachlorobenzotrifluoride;
from about 25% to about 70% tert-butyl acetate; and
one or more of the following:
from about 0.1 to about 1% 2-ethylhexanol, and
from about 5% to about 75% acetone;
pressurizing the aerosol can; and
spraying the composition onto the metal components.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the Hansen Solubility Parameters for the composition are 6 D > 15, 6 P < 6, and 6 H from about 5.5 to about 6.9.
14. The method of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the composition is free of acetone and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 90% tert-butyl acetate
about 9% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
15. The method of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 29% acetone;
about 65% tert-butyl acetate;
about 5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
17 20057366_1 (GHMatters) P118117.AU.1 about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
16. The method of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the composition is free of acetone and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 95% tert-butyl acetate;
about 4% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
17. The method of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the blend of organic solvents comprises: 29 about % acetone;
about 67.5% tert-butyl acetate;
about 2.5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
18. The method of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the composition is free of acetone and the blend of organic solvents comprises:
about 96.5% tert-butyl acetate;
about 2.5% parachlorobenzotrifluoride; and
about 1% 2-ethylhexanol.
19. The method of any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the composition has an evaporation rate to allow the composition to remain on the metal components for cleaning and minimizing residues left behind.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the composition is configured to lose about 67.7% weight in about sixteen minutes after being applied to the metal components.
18 20057366_1I(GHMattes) P118117.AU.1
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AU2022209330A AU2022209330B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2022-07-29 | Composition for use in cleaning metal components |
AU2023266272A AU2023266272A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2023-11-14 | Composition for use in cleaning metal components |
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PCT/US2019/048255 WO2021040695A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Composition for use in cleaning metal components |
AU2019462996 | 2019-08-27 | ||
AU2019462996A AU2019462996C1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Composition for use in cleaning metal components |
AU2022209330A AU2022209330B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2022-07-29 | Composition for use in cleaning metal components |
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CN (1) | CN114341329A (en) |
AU (3) | AU2019462996C1 (en) |
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US20120175562A1 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2012-07-12 | Greensolve, Llc | Solvent Systems and Methods of Producing High Flash Point Solvent Systems Including Terpenes |
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US5207838A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-05-04 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Nonhazardous solvent composition and method for cleaning metal surfaces |
US5612303B1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 2000-07-18 | Nitto Chemical Industry Co Ltd | Solvent composition |
US6048471A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 2000-04-11 | Richard G. Henry | Zero volatile organic compound compositions based upon organic solvents which are negligibly reactive with hydroxyl radical and do not contribute appreciably to the formation of ground based ozone |
AU7282798A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 1998-11-27 | Advanced Chemical Design, Inc. | Environmentally-safe solvent compositions utilizing 1-bromopropane that are stabilized, non-flammable, and have desired solvency characteristics |
US6541435B2 (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2003-04-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Engine cleaner composition |
US20080287331A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Hai-Hui Lin | Low voc cleaning composition for cleaning printing blankets and ink rollers |
US9422434B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-08-23 | Packaging Service Co, Inc. | Low VOC coating reducers |
US10934506B2 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2021-03-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Siloxane/hydrocarbon compositions and cleaning method using the same |
US20180155557A1 (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2018-06-07 | Packaging Service Co., Inc. | Abrasive paint remover compositions and methods for making and using same |
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AU2019462996B2 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
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