AU2022202109A1 - Electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current to supply a load, in accordance with orders received by radio frequency, and circuit including same - Google Patents

Electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current to supply a load, in accordance with orders received by radio frequency, and circuit including same Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2022202109A1
AU2022202109A1 AU2022202109A AU2022202109A AU2022202109A1 AU 2022202109 A1 AU2022202109 A1 AU 2022202109A1 AU 2022202109 A AU2022202109 A AU 2022202109A AU 2022202109 A AU2022202109 A AU 2022202109A AU 2022202109 A1 AU2022202109 A1 AU 2022202109A1
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
terminal
load
radio frequency
current
linked
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AU2022202109A
Inventor
Dany MASSE
Michele SCALVINI
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Legrand SNC
Legrand France SA
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Legrand SNC
Legrand France SA
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Publication of AU2022202109A1 publication Critical patent/AU2022202109A1/en
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/223Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil adapted to be supplied by AC
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H45/00Details of relays
    • H01H45/14Terminal arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/123Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit
    • H01H71/125Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit characterised by sensing elements, e.g. current transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of current to supply a load (524) in accordance with orders received via a radio frequency network the participants of which are identified by an address that is specific to them, including a terminal board (602) configured to be connected by cables (604) to a current measuring member (603) external to said apparatus; said terminal board (602) being linked to a logic unit that is configured to determine a current intensity from the signal present at said terminal board (602); whereby when an activation point of said load (524) is a command terminal (122) of a power contactor (100) with said current measuring member (603) that is disposed on a cable (131, 132) connecting said load (524) to an outgoing terminal (119, 121) of said power contactor (100), the current intensity communicated externally by said apparatus (500A) via its radio frequency communication member is the intensity consumed by said load (524). (Figure 15) 9/10 522'~ -cr\,41520 62 Ni 23540 546 543 500 5145 554 544 550 556 -552 551 8 553 557 539 548 Fig. 17 9 605-\O -_521 513N N L 514 602 F L2.L 604A 524 5:22 520o2 601500A 113 10 1B 521 120 121 B 513 51 11912 121A ~~03B Fig. 18 603 03 524

Description

9/10 522'~ -cr\,41520
62 Ni 23540 546 543 500
554 544
550
-552 556 551 8 553 557 539 548
Fig. 17 9 605-\O -_521
513N N L 514
5145
602 F L2.L 604A
5:22 520o2
601500A 113 10 1B
521 120 121 B 524 513 51 11912 121A
~~03B
Fig. 18 603 03
Electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current to supply a load, in accordance with orders received by radio frequency, and circuit including same Technical field of the invention The invention relates to the supply command and the consumption monitoring of a load in a service sector or domestic electrical installation via a radio frequency network. Prior art Contactors are known from the prior art such as represented in Figures 1 to 4 of the appended drawings, wherein: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a known contactor, taken from the right and from the front of this contactor; - Figure 2 is a very schematic representation of the internal electrical circuit of the known contactor; - Figure 3 is a front view of the known contactor juxtaposed against a circuit breaker of low amperage, here 2 A, itself juxtaposed against a circuit breaker of fairly high amperage, here 20 A, on a support rail; and - Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the apparatuses shown in Figure 3 and of the cables connecting them together as well as to a command member and to a load. The contactor 100 shown in Figure 1 is of modular format, that is to say that it has a parallelepiped general shape with two main faces, respectively a left face 101 and a right face 102, and lateral faces extending from one to another of the main faces 101 and 102, namely a back face 103, a top face 104, a front face 105 and a bottom face 106, the back face 103 having a cut-out 107 for mounting the contactor 100 on a support rail such as 112 standardised with an 0 profile, which can be seen particularly in Figure 3, of a protective enclosure such as a cabinet, a casing or an electrical box. In accordance with the modular format, the width of the contactor 100, which corresponds to the distance between the left face 101 and the right face 102, is a multiple of a standardised value, known by the name of "module", which is in the order of 18 mm. The contactor 100 has a width of one module.
The front face 105 has, in central position, a nose 108 having a key 109, able to selectively take one of three positions, respectively an automatic operating position, a forced operating position and a stop position. In automatic operating position, the contactor 100 makes it possible or not possible to supply a load depending respectively upon whether a command member is conducting or non-conducting. In forced operating position, the contactor 100 makes it possible to continuously supply the load. In stop position, the contactor 100 continuously prevents the supply of the load. The top face 104 of the contactor 100 has two insertion apertures 110 and 111 giving access respectively to a connection terminal 113 and to a connection terminal 114 (Figure 2). The insertion aperture 110 and the connection terminal 113 are located to the left. The insertion aperture 111 and the connection terminal 114 are located to the right. The bottom face 106 has four insertion apertures 115, 116, 117 and 118, giving access respectively to a connection terminal 119, a connection terminal 120, a connection terminal 121 and to a connection terminal 122 (Figure 2). The insertion aperture 115, the insertion aperture 116, the connection terminal 119 and the connection terminal 120 are located to the left. The insertion aperture 117, the insertion aperture 118, the connection terminal 121 and the connection terminal 122 are located to the right. Each of the connection terminals 113, 114, 119, 120, 121 and 122 is provided to receive a stripped end section of an electric cable. The connection terminals 113 and 114 located at the top are provided to be connected to two poles of an electricity distribution network, here respectively the neutral and the live, by means of a circuit breaker such as 300 (Figures 3 and 4) for protecting the load that the contactor 100 must supply or not supply. The connection terminals 119 and 121 are provided to be connected to this load. The connection terminal 122 is provided to be connected to a first side of a command member such as 123 (Figure 4). The second side of the command member is provided to be connected to one of the outgoing terminals, here the live terminal, of a protective circuit breaker such as 400 (Figures 3 and 4), provided to prevent overcurrents in the circuit including the command member such as 123 and a control coil 125 that the contactor 100 includes. The connection terminal 120 is provided to be connected to the other outgoing terminal of this protective circuit breaker such as 400, here the neutral terminal. As can be seen in Figure 2, the internal electrical circuit of the contactor 100 includes the coil 125 and two pairs of contacts 126 and 127, each of which includes a stationary contact and a moving contact, the coil 125 being linked to each of the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 via a controlling mechanical transmission 128, to make them take either a non-conducting state (moving contact away from the stationary contact) or a conducting state (moving contact bearing on the stationary contact). A first side of the pair of contacts 126 is linked to the connection terminal 113. The second side of the pair of contacts 126 is linked to the connection terminal 119. A first side of the pair of contacts 127 is linked to the connection terminal 114. The second side of the pair of contacts 127 is linked to the connection terminal 121. A first side of the coil 125 is linked to the connection terminal 120. The second side of the coil 125 is linked to the connection terminal 122. When the voltage of the network is present between the terminals 120 and 122, the coil 125 is activated and makes the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 pass to the conducting state. The terminal 119 is then linked to the terminal 113, while the terminal 121 is linked to the terminal 114, such that the voltage of the network, which is provided to be continuously present between the terminals 113 and 114 (incoming terminals), is also present between the terminals 119 and 121 (outgoing terminals), whereby the load disposed between the terminals 119 and 121 is supplied. In the absence of the voltage of the network between the terminals 120 and 122, the coil 125 is deactivated, the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 are in the non-conducting state, such that the load disposed between the terminals 119 and 121 is not supplied.
As represented in Figure 3 and in accordance with the modular format, the contactor 100 is configured to belong to a row of modular apparatuses disposed side-by-side by being fastened from behind on the horizontally disposed support rail 112. The contactor 100 is configured to be connected to a circuit breaker 300 here calibrated at 20 A and to a circuit breaker 400 here calibrated at 2 A. The circuit breakers 300 and 400 conventionally include in the upper portion two incoming terminals and in the lower portion two outgoing terminals, the path of the current between the incoming and outgoing terminals being interrupted if the intensity takes an extremely high value (short-circuit) or if the intensity exceeds the calibrated intensity in a prolonged manner. The connection terminals 113 and 114 located at the top are provided to be connected to the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 300. The connection terminal 120 is provided to be connected to the outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker 400 corresponding to the neutral pole. As represented, the circuit breaker 300 and the circuit breaker 400 each have a parallelepiped general shape and are of modular format. Each has a width of one module. The cabling of the contactor 100 and of the circuit breakers 300 and 400 with one another and with a command member 123 and a load 124 is illustrated in Figure 4. The command member 123 may take two stable states, respectively conducting and non-conducting. In the conducting state, its two sides are electrically linked such that an electric current may pass from one to the other. In the non-conducting state, its two sides are electrically isolated from one another. Here, the command member 123 forms part of an assembly for connecting to the electrical network for distributing electricity by which it is commanded: it takes the conducting state during a time slot when the electricity is at reduced tariff, and takes the non-conducting state during a time slot when the electricity is at nominal tariff. The contactor 100 is provided so that the load 124, for example a storage electric water heater, is supplied during the time slot when the electricity is at reduced tariff (command member 123 in the conducting state) and not supplied during the time slot at nominal tariff (command member 123 in the non-conducting state). The connection terminal 122 of the contactor 100 is connected by a cable 130 to a first side of the command member 123. The second side of the command member 123 is linked by a cable 129 to one of the terminals of the circuit breaker 400, here the live pole. The load 124 is connected on a first side by a first cable 131 to the connection terminal 119 and on the second side by a second cable 132 to the connection terminal 121. It can be seen that when the command member 123 is in the conducting state, the voltage of the network appears between the terminals 120 and 122, the coil 125 is activated, the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 are in the conducting state and the load 124 is supplied. When the command member 123 is in the non-conducting state, there is no voltage between the terminals 120 and 122, the coil 125 is deactivated, the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 are in the non-conducting state and the load 124 is not supplied. The circuit breaker 400 serves to protect the circuit including the command member 123 and the coil 125, this circuit being between the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 400. Given that a relatively low intensity circulates in this circuit, the circuit breaker 400 is calibrated at a relatively low intensity, here 2 A. The circuit breaker 300 serves to protect the circuit including the load 124, this circuit being between the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 300, which is calibrated in accordance with the intensity that the load 124 may consume, here 20 A. It is also known from the prior art remote control switches such as represented in Figures 5 to 8 of the appended drawings, wherein: - Figure 5 is a perspective view of a known remote control switch, taken from the right and from the front of this remote control switch; - Figure 6 is a very schematic representation of the internal electrical circuit of the known remote control switch;
- Figure 7 is a front view of the known remote control switch juxtaposed against a circuit breaker of low amperage, here 2 A, itself juxtaposed against a circuit breaker of fairly high amperage, here 20 A, on a support rail; and - Figure 8 is a schematic representation of the apparatuses shown in Figure 7 and of the cables connecting them together as well as to a command member and to a load. Just like the contactor 100, the remote control switch 200 shown in Figure 5 is of modular format, with a width of one module. The remote control switch 200 thus has a parallelepiped general shape with two main faces, respectively a left face 201, a right face 202 and lateral faces extending from one another of the main faces 201 and 202, namely a back face 203, a top face 204, a front face 205 and a bottom face 206. The back face 203 has a cut-out 207 for mounting the remote control switch 200 on a support rail such as 212 standardised with an0 profile, which can be seen particularly in Figure 7, of a protective enclosure such as a cabinet, a casing or an electrical box. The front face 205 has, in central position, a nose 208 having a key 209, able to selectively take two positions, respectively an operating position and a stop position. In operating position, the remote control switch 200 makes it possible or not possible to supply a load, the transition taking place whenever a command member passes from the non-conducting state to the conducting state, the command member typically being a push-button. In stop position, the remote control switch 200 continuously prevents the supply of the load. The top face 204 of the remote control switch 200 has an insertion aperture 211 giving access to a connection terminal 214 (Figure 6). The bottom face 206 has three insertion apertures 216, 217 and 218, giving access respectively to the connection terminals 220, 221 and 222 (Figure 6). The insertion aperture 216 and the connection terminal 220 are located to the left. The insertion apertures 211, 217 and 218 as well as the connection terminals 214, 221 and 222 are located to the right.
Each of the connection terminals 214, 220, 221 and 222 is provided to receive a stripped end section of an electric cable. The connection terminal 214 located at the top is provided to be connected to one pole of an electricity distribution network, here the live, by means of a circuit breaker 300 (Figures 7 and 8) for protecting the load that the remote control switch 200 must supply or not supply. The terminal 221 is provided to be connect to a first side of this load. One of the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 300, here at the neutral pole, is provided to be connected to the second side of this load. The other outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker 300, here at the live pole, is provided, as has just been indicated, to be connected to the terminal 214. The terminal 222 is provided to be connected to a first side of a command member such as 223 (Figure 8). The second side of the command member 223 is provided to be connected to one of the outgoing terminals of a protective circuit breaker such as 400 (Figures 7 and 8), here the outgoing terminal at the live pole. The connection terminal 220 is provided to be connected to the other outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker 400, which is at the neutral pole. As can be seen in Figure 6, the internal electrical circuit of the remote control switch 200 includes a coil 225 and a pair of contacts 227, including a stationary contact and a moving contact, the coil 225 being linked to the pair of contacts 227 via a controlling mechanical transmission 228, to make it take either a non-conducting state (moving contact away from the stationary contact) or a conducting state (moving contact bearing on the stationary contact). A first side of the pair of contacts 227 is linked to the connection terminal 214. The second side of the pair of contacts 227 is linked to the connection terminal 221. A first side of the coil 225 is linked to the connection terminal 220. The second side of the coil 225 is linked to the connection terminal 222. In the absence of the voltage of the network between the terminals 220 and 222, the coil 225 is deactivated, which has no effect on the pair of contacts 227, given the arrangement of the transmission 228. When the voltage of the network becomes present between the terminals 220 and 222, the coil 225 passes from the deactivated state to the activated state and, given the arrangement of the transmission 228, makes the pair of contacts 227 change state, that is to say that if the pair of contacts 227 was in the non-conducting state it takes the conducting state whereas if it was in the conducting state it takes the non-conducting state. When the voltage of the network becomes absent between the terminals 220 and 221, the coil 225 passes to the deactivated state, which has no effect on the pair of contacts 227, given the arrangement of the transmission 228. When the pair of contacts 227 is in the conducting state, the terminal 221 is linked to the terminal 214, such that the terminal 221 is then at the same potential as the terminal 214, provided to be connected to one of the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 300, here at the live pole. The first side of the load, provided to be connected to the terminal 221, is then at the same potential, and as the second side of the load is provided to be connected to the other outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker 300, the load is supplied. When the pair of contacts 227 is in the non-conducting state, the terminal 221 is not linked to the terminal 214, such that the load connected to the terminal 221 is not supplied. As represented in Figure 7 and in accordance with the modular format, the remote control switch 200 is configured to belong to a row of modular apparatuses disposed side-by-side by being fastened from behind on the horizontally disposed support rail 212. As has just been explained, the remote control switch 200 is configured to be connected to a circuit breaker 300 here calibrated at 20 A and to a circuit breaker 400 here calibrated at 2 A. The circuit breakers 300 and 400 are similar to the circuit breakers presented previously with the contactor 100. The cabling of the remote control switch 200 and of the circuit breakers 300 and 400 with one another and with a command member 223 and a load 224 is illustrated in Figure 8.
The command member 223 may take two states, respectively conducting or non-conducting. In the conducting state, the two sides of the command member 223 are electrically linked such that an electric current may pass from one to the other. In the non-conducting state, the two sides are electrically isolated from one another. The non-conducting state is taken by default, that is to say in the absence of action of a user. The conducting state is taken when a user acts on the command member 223. Here, the command member 223 is a push-button serving to control the load 224 that is a luminous point. As illustrated, other similar command members may be connected in parallel. The connection terminal 222 of the remote control switch 200 is connected by a cable 230 to a first side of the command member 223. The second side of the command member 223 is linked by a cable 229 to one of the terminals of the circuit breaker 400, here the live pole. The load 224 is connected on a first side by a first cable 231 to the connection terminal 221 and on the second side by a second cable 232 to the corresponding outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker 300. It can be seen that when the command member 223 is actuated to take the conducting state, the voltage of the network appears between the terminals 220 and 222, the coil 225 is activated, such that the pair of contacts 227 changes state. Thus, whenever the command member 223 is actuated to take the conducting state, the load 224 ceases to be supplied if it was in the process of being supplied or if it becomes supplied if it was not supplied. The circuit breaker 400 serves to protect the circuit including the command member 223 and the coil 225, this circuit being between the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 400. Given that a relatively low intensity circulates in this circuit, the circuit breaker 400 is calibrated at a relatively low intensity, here 2 A. The circuit breaker 300 serves to protect the circuit including the load 224, this circuit being between the outgoing terminals of the circuit breaker 300, which is calibrated in accordance with the intensity that the load 224 may consume, here 20 A.
It will be noted that the contactor 100 described above is with two pairs of contacts, that is to say that it includes a current path towards the load for each of the two poles of the network and that each of these current paths includes one pair of contacts to allow or not allow the current to pass through it. Contactors also exist with a single pair of contacts where, in the same way as for the remote control switch 200, there is a single current path towards the load for a single pole of the network with one pair of contacts in this path to allow or not allow the current to pass through it. Lastly it will be noted that French patent application 2 906 075 describes an example of embodiment of a remote control switch the controlling mechanical transmission 228 of which may be modified, by omitting a rod and a spring, to transform this transmission 228 into a transmission 128, such that the apparatus is no longer a remote control switch but a contactor. It is also known, particularly by French patent application 3 093 869 corresponding to European patent application EP 3 709 333, contactors and remote control switches configured to apply a safety voltage to the command member, to transmit by radio frequency the intensity of the supply current of the load, and to respond to orders received by radio frequency. Such electrical apparatuses are represented in Figures 9 to 12 of the appended drawings, wherein: - Figure 9 is a perspective view of such an electrical apparatus, which is a contactor, taken from the right and from the front of this contactor; - Figure 10 is a very schematic representation of the internal electrical circuit of this contactor; - Figure 11 is a schematic representation of this contactor, of a circuit breaker, of a command member and of a load as well as of cables connecting them to form an electrical circuit forming part of a service sector or domestic electrical installation; and - Figure 12 is similar to Figure 11, but with the electrical apparatus that is a remote control switch instead of a contactor. The electrical apparatus 500 shown in Figures 9 to 11 is a contactor configured to apply a safety voltage to the command member, to transmit by radio frequency the intensity of the supply current of the load, and to respond to orders received by radio frequency. A remote control switch, subsequently described in support of Figure 12, is identical except that its control transmission, which includes a logic portion, for example based on a microcontroller, is programmed differently: whereas in the contactor the control transmission is programmed so that the transitions of the switching member between the non-conducting state and the conducting state follow the transitions between the non-conducting state and the conducting state of the command member, in the remote control switch the control transmission is programmed so that the transitions of the switching member between the non-conducting state and the conducting state only follow the transitions from the non-conducting state to the conducting state of the command member. To simplify, in the following description, the same numerical reference 500 is employed for the first embodiment of the electrical apparatus (contactor) and for the second embodiment (remote control switch). Just like the contactor 100 and the remote control switch 200, the electrical apparatus 500 shown in Figure 9 is of modular format, with a width of one module. The electrical apparatus 500 thus has a parallelepiped general shape with two main faces, respectively a left face 501, a right face 502 and lateral faces extending from one another of the main faces 501 and 502, namely a back face 503, a top face 504, a front face 505 and a bottom face 506. The back face has a cut-out 507 for mounting the electrical apparatus 500 on a standardised support rail with a 0 profile, such as the rail 112 (Figure 3) or the rail 212 (Figure 7). The front face 505 has, in central position, a nose 508 having a key 509, making it possible to selectively make the apparatus 500 take, by successive presses on the key 509, one of three configurations, respectively an automatic operating configuration, a forced operating configuration and a stop configuration.
In automatic operating configuration, the electrical apparatus 500 makes it possible or not possible to supply a load depending respectively on whether a command member is conducting or non-conducting. In forced operating configuration, the electrical apparatus 500 makes it possible to continuously supply the load. In stop position, the electrical apparatus 500 continuously prevents the supply of the load. The top face 504 of the electrical apparatus 500 has two insertion apertures 510 and 511 giving access respectively to a connection terminal 522 and to a connection terminal 520 (Figure 10). The insertion aperture 510 and the connection terminal 522 are located to the left. The insertion aperture 511 and the connection terminal 520 are located to the right. The bottom face 506 has three insertion apertures 516, 517 and 518, giving access respectively to the connection terminal 513, 521 and 514 (Figure 10). The insertion aperture 516 and the connection terminal 513 are located to the left. The insertion apertures 517 and 518 and the connection terminals 521 and 514 are located to the right. Each of the connection terminals 513, 514, 520, 521 and 522 is provided to receive a stripped end section of an electric cable. The terminal 522 is provided to be connected by a cable such as 530 (Figure 11) to a first side of a command member such as 523, identical to the command member 123. The terminal 520 is provided to be connected by a cable such as 531 to the second side of this command member 523. The terminal 521 is provided to be connected by a cable such as 525 (Figure 11) to a first side of a load such as 524, identical to the load 124. The second side of this load 524 is provided to be connected by a cable such as 526 to an outgoing terminal of a circuit breaker such as 600, identical to the circuit breaker 300. The command terminals 513 and 514, located at the bottom, are provided to be connected to two poles of the electricity distribution network, here respectively the neutral and the live, by means of this circuit breaker such as 600.
Here, the terminal 513 is provided to be connected by a cable such as 527 to the outgoing terminal of this circuit breaker such as 600 that is at the neutral pole and the terminal 514 is provided to be connected by a cable such as 528 to the outgoing terminal of this circuit breaker such as 600 that is at the live pole. The internal electrical circuit of the electrical apparatus 500, implemented by an electronic board, is illustrated in a simplified manner in Figure 10. For more details, reference may be made to French patent application 3 093 869 corresponding to European patent application EP 3 709 333. The electrical apparatus 500 includes an input protection stage 547, an output protection stage 540, a control member 544, a switching member 557, a control transmission between the control member 544 and the switching member 557, implemented particularly by a logic unit 550 and by an electromagnetic actuator 556, a first direct current supply 552 that delivers a very low safety voltage (here of 3.3 V) and a second direct current supply 553 that delivers a very low safety voltage (here of 12 V), a radio frequency communication member 554 and a shunt 555. The control member 544, the radio frequency communication member 554 and the logic unit 550 are supplied by the supply 552. The electromagnetic actuator 556 is supplied by the supply 553. The logic unit 550 is respectively linked to the control member 544, to the radio frequency communication member 554, to the electromagnetic actuator 556 and to the shunt 555. The input protection stage 547 and the output protection stage 540 are arranged so that in normal operating they have no influence, or in any case a minimal influence, on the current routing between their inputs and their outputs. For more details, reference may be made to French patent application 3 093 869 corresponding to European patent application EP 3 709 333. The terminals 513 and 514, the input protection stage 547, the supply 553, the supply 552, the control member 544, the output protection stage 540 and the terminals 522 and 520 are disposed one after another.
Thus, the two inputs of the protection stage 547 are respectively linked to the terminal 513 and to the terminal 514, the two inputs of the supply 553 are respectively linked to one and to the other output of the protection stage 547, the two inputs of the supply 552 are respectively linked to one and to the other output of the supply 553, the two inputs of the control member 544 are respectively linked to one and to the other output of the supply 552, the two inputs of the output stage 540 are respectively linked to one and to the other of the control member 544, the terminal 522 is linked to one of the outputs of the protection stage 540 and the terminal 520 is linked to the other output of the protection 540. The reference potential of the internal electrical circuit of the apparatus 500 is that of the terminal 514. Thus, as seen in Figure 10, the input protection stage 547, the supply 553, the supply 552, the control member 544 and the output protection stage 540 are each configured so that its input and its output corresponding to the same pole as the terminal 514 are at the same potential. Consequently, with the exception of the minimal influence that the output protection stage 540 is likely to have, the terminal 520 is at the same potential as the terminal 514. Here, the output of the supply 552 that is at the same potential as the terminals 514 and 520 is its negative pole and the other output of the supply 552 is its positive pole. The control member 544 is configured so that the terminal 520, with the exception of the minimal influence that the output protection stage 540 is likely to have, is at the same potential as the positive pole of the supply 552 when the terminals 520 and 522 are electrically isolated from one another externally of the apparatus 500, and so that there is no degradation when the terminals 520 and 522 are placed at the same potential, that is to say during short-circuit, externally of the apparatus 500. Thus, the control member 544 is configured to apply to the terminals 520 and 522 the voltage provided by the supply 552 when the terminals 520 and 522 are electrically isolated from one another externally of the apparatus
500 and so as not to apply the voltage provided by the supply 552 when the terminals 520 and 522 are placed at the same potential externally of the apparatus 500. In practice, the control member 544 includes a current limiting resistor 545 disposed between its input and its output respectively linked to the positive pole of the supply 552 and to the terminal 522. As the resistor 545 has a relatively high value, for example 10 kO, during an external short-circuit between the terminals 520 and 522, the potential difference between the two sides of the resistor 545 is the voltage provided by the supply 552 whereas the current passing through the resistor 545 and circulating between the terminals 522 and 520 is minimal since the resistor has a high value, for example 0.33 mA in the present example where the voltage provided by the supply 552 is of 3.3 V and the value of the resistor 545 is of 10 kO. The control member 544 further includes a resistor 546 disposed between its output linked to the terminal 522 and its connection point linked to the logic unit 550. The two resistors 545 and 546 serve to operate the polarisation required by the logic unit 550. The potential present on the connection point of the logic unit linked to the control member 544 is thus the potential present on the terminal 522, or in any case this potential at the closest minimal distance due to the protection stage 540 and to the resistor 546. Thus, in relation to the reference potential of the electrical circuit internal to the apparatus 500, corresponding to the negative pole of the voltage provided by the supply 552 that also supplies the logic unit 550, the voltage at the connection point of the control member 544 linked to the logic unit 550 is substantially of 3.3 V when the terminals 520 and 522 are electrically isolated from one another externally of the apparatus 500 and of 0 V when the terminals 520 and 522 are placed at the same potential externally of the apparatus 500. The control member 544 thus provides the logic unit 550 with a logic signal formed by two predetermined voltage thresholds, here substantially 3.3 V and substantially 0 V, representing respectively the deactivated state and the active state of the control member 544. Consequently, if the terminals 520 and 522 are connected with the command member, for example as shown in Figures 11 and 12, so that when the command member is in the non-conducting state the terminals 520 and 522 are electrically isolated from one another externally of the apparatus 500, and so that when the command member is in the conducting state the terminals 520 and 522 are placed at the same potential externally of the apparatus 500, then the control member 544 is in the deactivated state when the command member is in the non-conducting state (terminals 520 and 522 electrically isolated from one another externally of the apparatus 500) and in the activated state when the command member is in the conducting state (terminals 520 and 522 placed at the same potential externally of the apparatus 500). It will be observed that control member 544 then takes the deactivated state and the activated state exactly under the same conditions in relation to the control member as the coil 125 of the contactor 100 and the coil 225 of the remote control switch 200. In the apparatus 500, the entirely mechanical transmission 128 of the contactor 100 or 228 of the remote control switch 200 is replaced with a partially electronic control transmission, implemented particularly by the logic unit 550 and by the electromagnetic actuator 556. Thus, the switching member 557 is controlled by the control member 544 via the partially electronic control transmission so that the transitions between the non-conducting state and the conducting state of the switching member 557 follow the transitions between the deactivated state and the activated state of the control member 544. The control member 544 further includes a capacitor 5400 disposed between its two outputs. The capacitor 5400 is useful for the stability of the signal provided to the logic unit 550. The electromagnetic actuator 556 and the switching member 557 here form part of a relay 551 wherein the electromagnetic actuator 556 is a coil and the switching member 557 is a pair of contacts with the transmission 568 between the coil 556 and the pair of contacts 557 that is entirely mechanical. The pair of contacts 557 includes a stationary contact as well as a moving contact. The electromagnetic actuator 556 makes the pair of contacts 557 take either a non-conducting state (moving contact away from the stationary contact), or a conducting state (moving contact bearing on the stationary contact). A first side of the pair of contacts 557 is linked to the terminal 521. The second side of the pair of contacts is linked to the terminal 514 via the shunt 555. More specifically, a first side of the shunt 555 is linked to the terminal 514 and the second side of the shunt 555 is linked to the input of the relay 551 corresponding to the second side of the pair of contacts 557. As indicated above, the electromagnetic actuator 556, here a coil, is supplied by the supply 553. The link between the supply 553 and the electromagnetic actuator 556 includes a controlled electronic switch 539, implemented for example with a transistor and its polarisation resistors, the control of the electronic switch 539 being performed by the logic unit 550, to which the electronic switch 539 is linked. When the switch 539 is in the non-conducting state, the coil 556 is not supplied and the switching member 557 is in the non-conducting state. When the switch 539 is in the conducting state, the coil 556 is supplied and the switching member is in the conducting state. As the apparatus 500 is a contactor, the logic unit 550 is programmed so that when its connection point linked to the control member 544 receives the logic signal that the control member 544 is in the deactivated state then its connection point linked to the switch 539 emits the logic signal placing the switch 539 in the non-conducting state; and so that when its connection point linked to the control member 544 receives the logic signal that the control member 544 is in the activated state then its connection point linked to the switch 539 emits the logic signal placing the switch 539 in the conducting state.
Thus, the switching member 557 is controlled by the control member 544 via the partially electronic control transmission including the logic unit 550 so that the transitions between the non-conducting state and the conducting state of the switching member 557 follow the transitions between the deactivated state and the activated state of the control member 544. The logic unit 550 is also linked to the shunt 555, here by two dedicated conductor tracks respectively linking the input of the shunt 555 to a connection point of the logic unit 550 and the output of the shunt 555 to another connection point of the logic unit 550. This makes it possible for the logic unit 550 to know the voltage drop in the shunt 555. As the value of the resistance of the shunt 555 is known, the logic unit 550 may deduce from this voltage drop the intensity of the current circulating in the shunt 555 and therefore between the terminals 514 and 521, and consequently in the load to which these terminals are linked. The two dedicated conducting tracks linking the shunt 555 to the logic unit 550 make it possible to prevent taking into consideration a voltage drop that would not be due to the shunt, in order to know the intensity of the current with a good level of accuracy. In a variant not illustrated, only the side of the shunt opposite to that which is linked to the terminal 514 is linked to the logic unit 550 and this determines the intensity from the voltage drop between the reference potential (that of the terminal 514) and the connection point to which is linked the side of the shunt opposite to that which is linked to the terminal 514. The intensity determined by the logic unit 550 may be communicated externally of the electrical apparatus 500 by the radio frequency communication member 554. This makes it possible for a user, by means of a mobile application for example, to ascertain in real time the electrical consumption of the load associated with the electrical apparatus 500. The radio frequency communication member 554, linked to the logic unit 550, moreover makes it possible to remotely control, by means of a mobile application for example, the electrical apparatus 500, that is to say to make it take one of the aforementioned configurations (automatic operation, forced and stop operation). The key 509 is also linked to the logic unit 550, in order that the successive presses on the key 509 make the apparatus 500 take one of these configurations. The electronic board of the electrical apparatus 500 is itself configured to protect its internal circuit. Thus, it is not necessary to connect this circuit to a dedicated circuit breaker such as the circuit breaker 400 described above. Indeed, as indicated above, the internal circuit of the apparatus 500 implemented by the electronic board includes an input protection stage 547, represented in a general manner in Figure 10. The input protection stage 547 includes an overcurrent protection component 549, here a thermistor with a positive coefficient and an overvoltage protection component 548, here a varistor. In the input protection stage 547 the overcurrent protection component 549 is disposed between its input and its output respectively linked to the terminal 513 and to the corresponding input of the supply 553. The overcurrent protection component 548 is disposed between the two outputs of the input protection stage 547. The resistance of the thermistor 549 increases in accordance with the temperature, which makes it possible to protect the circuit against short circuits, particularly in case of failure of the coil 556. The varistor 548 makes it possible to absorb fairly significant voltage shocks, which makes it possible to protect the circuit particularly against shocks due to lightning. As indicated above, the internal circuit of the apparatus 500 includes an output protection stage 540, represented in a general manner in Figure 10. The output protection stage 540 is linked by a first side to the control member 544 as well as to the terminal 514 and by a second side to the terminals 520 and 522. The output protection stage 540 includes an overvoltage protection component 543, here a bipolar Zener diode, an overcurrent protection component 541, here a thermistor with a positive coefficient, and another overcurrent protection component 542, here a thermistor with a positive coefficient. In the output protection stage 540 the overcurrent protection component 541 is disposed between its output and its input respectively linked to the terminal 520 and to the corresponding output of the control member 544; the overcurrent protection component 542 is disposed between its output and its input respectively linked to the terminal 522 and to the corresponding output of the control member; and the overvoltage protection component 543 is disposed between the two inputs of the output protection stage 540. The output protection stage 540 serves to protect the internal circuit of the apparatus 500 against cabling errors, for example the application of the voltage of the network between the terminals 520 and 522 by connecting one of these terminals to the neutral pole and the other terminal to the live pole. For more details on the arrangement of the input protection stage 547 and of the output protection stage 540, reference may be made to French patent application 3 093 869 corresponding to European patent application EP 3 709 333. Due to the protection offered by the input protection stage 547, in the circuit illustrated in Figure 11, where the electrical apparatus 500 is a contactor, only a circuit breaker 600 identical to the circuit breaker 300 described above is provided. It will be noted that in this circuit the terminal 522 is connected by a first cable 530 to a first side of the command member 523 and by a second cable 531 to the second side of the command member 523; and that the terminals 513, 521 and 514 are linked as explained above, by cables, to the circuit breaker 600 and to the load 524. When the member 523 is in the non-conducting state, the load 524 is not supplied; and when the command member 523 is in the conducting state, the load 524 is supplied. In the second embodiment illustrated in Figure 12, the apparatus 500 is a remote control switch.
As indicated above, this second embodiment is identical to the first embodiment except that the logic unit 550 is programmed differently: whereas in the first embodiment (contactor) the logic unit 550 is programmed so that the transitions of the switching member 557 between the non-conducting state and the conducting state follow the transitions between the non-conducting state and the conducting state of the command member such as 523, in the remote control switch the logic unit 550 is programmed so that the transitions of the switching member 557 between the non-conducting state and the conducting state only follow the transitions from the deactivated state to the activated state of the control member 544, and therefore only the transitions from the non conducting state to the conducting state of the command member such as 523. It can be seen that the circuit shown in Figure 12 is identical to that shown in Figure 11, except that the electrical apparatus 500 is a remote control switch (and not a contactor) and that the command member 523 is identical to the command member 223 described above (and not to the command member 123). It is also known to make the apparatus 500 cooperate via its radio frequency communication member 554 with a base station implementing a radio frequency network the participants of which are identified by an address that is specific to them, this base station being implemented in the form of a modular electrical apparatus. This is illustrated in the appended drawings, wherein: - Figure 13 is a schematic representation similar to Figure 11 or to Figure 12 but where the circuit breaker 600, the command member 523 and the cables 530 and 531 linking it to the apparatus 500 are not illustrated, whereas an electrical apparatus 601 of modular format is illustrated that is a base station implementing a radio frequency network the participants of which are identified by an address that is specific to them. In accordance with the modular format, the base station apparatus 601 is configured to belong to a row of modular apparatuses disposed side-by side by being fastened from behind, in the same way as the electrical apparatus 500 and the circuit breaker 600, on a standardised support rail with 0 profile, such as the rail 112 (Figure 3) or the rail 212 (Figure 7), disposed horizontally, forming part of a protection enclosure such as a cabinet, a casing or an electrical box. The apparatus 500 is configured to cooperate via its radio frequency communication member 554 with the base station apparatus 601 that is configured to implement a radio frequency network the participants of which are identified by an address that is specific to them. This radio frequency network is of the Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) type, here compliant with ZigBee specifications. The known base station apparatus station 601 is more specifically a gateway between a WPAN radio frequency network and an IP network, the WPAN network being compliant with ZigBee specifications while the access to the IP network is performed by Wi-Fi. The base station apparatus 601 is configured to communicate with a mobile application either directly by Wi-Fi if the mobile device forms part of the same Wi-Fi network as the base station apparatus 601 or by means of a web server to which the base station apparatus 601 and the mobile device access on which the application is installed. This makes it possible for the mobile application to communicate with the contactor or remote switch apparatus 500, particularly, as indicated above, to ascertain in real time the electrical consumption of the load associated with the electrical apparatus 500 or to remotely control the apparatus 500 that is to say make it take one of the aforementioned configurations (automatic operation, forced and stop operation). The base station apparatus 601 is configured to implement a radio frequency network with participants other than electrical apparatuses 500, particularly sockets, switches and energy meters. Description of the invention The aim of the invention is to integrate in a simple, convenient and economical manner into a radio frequency network a power contactor in order to be able to control the supply of a load and know its consumption as with the electrical apparatus 500, but for loads wherein circulates a current intensity higher than the current intensity that may pass through the electrical apparatus 500. To this end, the invention proposes an electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current for a service sector or domestic electrical installation to supply a load, in accordance with orders received by said apparatus via a radio frequency network, said apparatus being configured to form part of said radio frequency network, the participants of said radio frequency network being identified by an address that is specific to them, said apparatus including: - an incoming terminal configured to be connected to a pole of said source of alternative current and another incoming terminal configured to be connected to another pole of said source of alternative current; - an outgoing terminal configured to be connected to an activation point of said load; - a radio frequency communication network via said radio frequency network; and - a switching member linked to said outgoing terminal and to a combined terminal, taking either a non-conducting state where it prohibits the passage of current between the combined terminal and the outgoing terminal or a conducting state where it permits the passage of current between the combined terminal and the outgoing terminal, said switching member being controlled by said radio frequency communication member via a control transmission including a logic unit linked to said radio frequency communication member as well as an electromagnetic actuator of said switching member, linked to said logic unit; said control transmission being configured so that the transitions between the non-conducting state and the conducting state of the switching member follow orders received by said radio frequency communication member; said logic unit being configured to determine a current intensity from a signal provided by a current measuring member and to communicate externally of said apparatus, via said radio frequency communication member, the current intensity thus determined; which apparatus is characterised in that it includes a terminal board configured to be connected by cables to a current measuring member external to said apparatus; said terminal board being linked to said logic unit; said logic unit being configured to determine said current intensity from the signal present at said terminal board; whereby when said activation point of said load is a command terminal of a power contactor different from said apparatus with the outgoing terminals of said power contactor connected by cables to said load and with said current measuring member that is disposed on one said cable connecting said load to one said outgoing terminal of said power contactor, the current intensity communicated externally by said apparatus via said radio frequency communication member is the intensity consumed by said load. For the radio frequency network, everything takes place as if it was the apparatus according to the invention that directly supplied the load and internally carried out the measurement of the current passing through it, with in particular its single radio frequency network address that is used to command supply of the load and to know the consumption of the load. The integration of the power contactor into the radio frequency network is thus particularly simple, convenient and economical since there is no need to modify the power contactor but simply to connect one of its command terminals to the apparatus according to the invention and to place the current measuring member connected to the terminal board of the apparatus according to the invention on one of the cables connecting the power contactor to the load. According to advantageous features: - said logic unit is configured so that the only current intensity that it determines and communicates externally of said apparatus via said radio frequency communication member is that determined from said signal present at said terminal board; - the signal present at said terminal board is a potential difference between two connection points of said terminal board, said source of alternative current being single-phase;
- said signal present at said terminal board is a plurality of potential differences between two connection points of said terminal board, said source of alternative current being three-phase; - said combined terminal is said incoming terminal; and/or - said combined terminal is an additional terminal different from said incoming terminal, whereby neither said outgoing terminal nor said combined terminal is brought to the potential of one of the poles of said source of alternative current. Another aim of the invention is, in a second aspect, an electrical circuit including: - an apparatus such as disclosed above; - a load that said apparatus allows or does not allow to be supplied by a source of alternative current in accordance with orders received by radio frequency by said apparatus via said radio frequency network; - a power contactor, different from said apparatus, including outgoing terminals connected by cables to said load and a command terminal connected by a cable to said outgoing terminal of said apparatus, said command terminal of said contactor forming said activation point of said charge: and - a current measuring member disposed on one said cable connecting said load to one of said outgoing terminals of said power contactor, the current intensity communicated externally by said apparatus via said radio frequency communication member being the intensity consumed by said load. According to advantageous features: - said circuit includes a base station apparatus to implement said radio frequency network and to form gateway to an IP network; - said current measuring member is a clamp ammeter, or loop and/or - said apparatus to allow or not allow said source of alternative current to supply said load and said base station apparatus are of modular format. Brief description of the drawings The description of the invention will now be continued by the detailed description of examples of embodiments, given below by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings, wherein: - Figures 1 to 4, described above, illustrate a known contactor and the portion of electrical installation that is associated with it; - Figures 5 to 8, described above, illustrate a known remote control switch and the portion of electrical installation that is associated with it; - Figures 9 to 12, described above, illustrate another known contactor and another known remote control switch and the portion of electrical installation that is associated with them; - Figure 13, described above, illustrates this other known contactor or remote control switch as well as a base station apparatus of modular format with which it communicates within the scope of a radio frequency network the participants of which are identified by an address that is specific to them; - Figure 14 is a representation similar to Figure 10 but where the internal circuit represented in a very schematic manner is that of the contactor or remote control switch apparatus according to the invention; - Figure 15 is a view similar to Figure 13, but with the contactor or remote control switch apparatus according to the invention associated with a power contactor to supply the load and with an external member for measuring the current consumed by the load; - Figure 16 is a view similar to Figure 15 but for a variant of the power contactor and a corresponding variant of the contactor or remote control switch apparatus according to the invention; - Figure 17 is a view similar to Figure 14 but where the internal circuit represented in a very schematic manner is that of the contactor or remote control switch apparatus according to the invention shown in Figure 16; - Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 15 but where the power contactor and the load are three-phase; and - Figure 19 is similar to Figure 18 but for the variant of the contactor or remote control switch apparatus according to the invention shown in Figures 16 and 17 and a variant of the three-phase power contactor. Detailed description To simplify, for the electrical apparatus 500A according to the invention shown in Figures 14 and 15 the same numerical references are used as for the known apparatus 500.
The electrical apparatus 500A shown in Figures 14 and 15 is similar to the known electrical apparatus 500 except that it includes a terminal board 602 linked to the logic unit 550 and that the shunt 555 is eliminated. Thus, in the same way as in the electrical apparatus 500, the first side of the pair of contacts 557 is linked to the terminal 521 but in the apparatus 500A the second side of the pair of contacts is directly linked to the terminal 514 and not via the shunt 555. In the apparatus 500A, the logic unit 550 is linked to the terminal board 602, here by two dedicated conductor tracks respectively linking a connection point of the terminal board 602 to a connection point of the logic unit 550 and another connection point of the terminal board 602 to another connection point of the logic unit 550. This makes it possible for the logic unit 550 to know the potential difference between the connection point and the other connection point of the terminal board 602. The terminal board 602 is configured to be connected by cables to a current measuring member external to the apparatus 500A, such as the external current measuring member 603 shown in Figure 15. This external member is configured to provide the terminal board 602 with a signal, here the potential difference between the connection point and the other connection point of the terminal board 602, which is representative of the current intensity circulating in a cable external to the apparatus 500A whereon is disposed the measuring member, for example the cable 131 shown in Figure 15. The logic unit 550 is configured to deduce from the potential difference between the connection point and the other connection point of the terminal board 602 the intensity of the current circulating in the cable external to the apparatus 500A whereon the measuring member is disposed. The logic unit 550 may thus determine the intensity of the current circulating in a load 524 the apparatus 500A of which commands the supply whereas the current that circulates in the load 524 does not circulate in the apparatus 500A.
This is for example the case in the electrical circuit shown in Figure 15, which forms part of a service sector or domestic electrical installation. This circuit includes a contactor 100 arranged as described above in support of Figures 1 to 4. Here, the contactor 100 serves as a power contactor capable of being passed through by a current of greater intensity than that which may pass through the apparatus 500A, for example an intensity of 34 A or of 50 A whereas the maximum intensity that may pass through the apparatus 500A is for example of 20 A. In the same way as for the electrical circuit illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, in the electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 15 the load 124 is connected on a first side by a first cable 131 to the connection terminal 119 and on the second side by a second cable 132 to the connection terminal 121; and the connection terminals 113 and 114 of the contactor 100 are provided to be connected by cables to the outgoing terminals of a circuit breaker (not illustrated in Figure 15) such as the circuit breaker 300 that serves to protect the circuit including the load 124, with here the terminal 113 that is connected to the outgoing terminal of this circuit breaker that is at the neutral pole while the terminal 114 is linked to the outgoing terminal of this circuit breaker that is at the live pole. In the same way as for the electrical circuit illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, in the electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 15 another circuit breaker (not illustrated in Figure 15) such as the circuit breaker 400 is provided to protect the circuit including the coil 125 (Figure 2) that is between the terminals 120 and 122, with here the terminal 120 that is connected by a cable to the outgoing terminal of this circuit breaker that is at the neutral pole. As opposed to the electrical circuit illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, in the electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 15, the terminal 122 of the contactor 100 is not connected by a cable to one of the sides of a command member such as 123; the terminal 122 is in fact connected to the connection terminal 521 of the apparatus 500A, by the cable 525.
The connection terminal 514 of the apparatus 500A is linked by the cable 528 to the outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker such as 400 that is at the live pole while the terminal 513 of the apparatus 500A is linked by the cable 527 to the outgoing terminal of the circuit breaker such as 400 that is at the neutral pole. Generally, in the circuit illustrated in Figure 15, the switching member 557 of the apparatus 500A plays in relation to the contactor 100 the same role as the command member 123 of the circuit illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. It can be seen that when the switching member 557 is in the conducting state, the voltage of the network appears between the terminals 120 and 122, the coil 125 (Figure 2) is activated, the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 (Figure 2) are in the conducting state and the load 524 is supplied. When the switching member 557 is in the non-conducting state, there is no voltage between the terminals 120 and 122, the coil 125 (Figure 2) is deactivated, the pairs of contacts 126 and 127 (Figure 2) are in the non-conducting state and the load 524 is not supplied. The connection terminal 122 of the contactor 100 forms an activation point of the load 524 by the apparatus 500A, just like the side of the load 524 to which is linked the terminal 521 in the electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 13. To simplify, the numerical reference 525 is kept for the electric cable linking the terminal 521 to the activation point of the load 524 that forms the terminal 122 of the contactor 100. The activated or deactivated state of the switching member 557 is taken as described above, in accordance with the conducting or non-conducting states taken by the command member 523 connected to the terminals 520 and 522 if the apparatus 500A is in automatic operating configuration. If the apparatus 500A is in forced operating configuration, the switching member 557 is in the activated state. If the apparatus 500A is in the stop configuration, the switching member 557 is in the deactivated state. As indicated above, the radio frequency communication member 554, linked to the logic unit 550, makes it possible to remotely control the electrical apparatus 500A, that is to say to make it take one of the aforementioned configurations (automatic operation, forced and stop operation). It will be observed that it is possible to use the apparatus 500A without connecting the terminals 520 and 522 to a command member 523, by making it take by remote control, via the radio frequency communication member 554, the forced operating configuration or the stop configuration. It will be observed that the current that circulates in the switching member 557 of the apparatus 500A is the activation current of the coil 125 (Figure 2). If the apparatus 500 had been used instead of the apparatus 500A, the shunt 555 would have made it possible to know the coil 125 activation current (Figure 2) and not the current that circulates in the load 524. As indicated above, the electrical apparatus 500A shown in Figures 14 and 15 is similar to the known electrical apparatus 500 except that the shunt 555 is eliminated and that the apparatus 500A includes a terminal board 602 linked to the logic unit 550, which may thus know the potential difference between the connection point and the other connection point of the terminal board 602, the logic unit 550 being configured to deduce from this potential difference the intensity of the current circulating in the cable external to the apparatus 500A whereon is disposed the measuring member connected to the terminal board 602. In the circuit illustrated in Figure 15, the measuring member 603 is disposed on the cable 131 connecting the terminal 119 to the load 524, and therefore on a cable wherein the current passing through the load 524 circulates. The logic unit 550 may thus determine the intensity of the current circulating in the load 524 the apparatus 500A of which commands the supply whereas the current that circulates in the load 524 does not circulate in the apparatus 500A. The apparatus 500A may thus be integrated into a network of apparatuses connected in exactly the same manner as the apparatus 500, that is to say with one and the same network address both for the command of the supply of the load 524 and for the monitoring of the consumption of the load 524. It will also be observed that the risk of monitoring by mistake the current consumption of the power contactor 100 rather than the consumption of the load 524 is eliminated, given that the apparatus 500A does not measure the intensity of the current that passes through it. In the example illustrated, the current measuring member 603 is a clamp ammeter (torus and winding), or loop, that surrounds the cable where the current of which the intensity must be measured circulates, here the cable 131. Each of the two ends of the winding of the current measuring clamp is linked to one respective of two cables that the cord 604 includes that connects the measuring member 603 to the terminal board 602. Each of the two cables of the cord 604 is linked to a respective connection point of the terminal board 602. The potential difference between the two connection points of the terminal board 602 therefore corresponds to the potential difference between the two ends of the winding of the clamp ammeter that forms the measuring member 603. This potential difference is therefore representative of the intensity of the current circulating in the cable 131 and therefore in the load 524. If necessary, an interface for formatting this potential difference is provided, for example in the terminal board 602 between the inlet of the cables of the cord 604 and the tracks linking the terminal board 602 to the logic unit 550, in order that the voltage applied to the corresponding connection points of the logic unit 550 complies with its specifications. The cord 604 here is connected to the terminal board 602 by a plug in connector. As a variant, the cord 604 is connected in a different manner to the terminal board 602, for example thanks to screw terminals. The circuit illustrated in Figure 16 is similar to that illustrated in Figure 15 except that the power contactor 100 has a different internal arrangement, with an electronic equivalent of the coil 125 that is supplied internally of the power contactor 100 by the energy coming from the network to which the terminals 113 and 114 are connected. Consequently, the terminals 120 and 122 must be free of potential, that is to say that none of them must be brought, externally of the contactor 100, to the potential of one of the poles of a source of current. On the contrary, the terminals 120 and 122 should be linked to a switching member the two sides of which are free of potential. When this switching member is conducting, the terminals 119 and 121 are respectively linked to the terminal 113 and to the terminal 114 such that the load 524 is supplied; and when this switching member is non-conducting, the terminals 119 and 121 are not linked to the terminals 113 and 114 such that the load 524 is not supplied. In order to be able to cooperate with such a power contactor 100, the apparatus 500A shown in Figures 16 and 17 includes an additional connection terminal 605 while the side of the switching member 557 opposite to that linked to the terminal 521 is not linked to the terminal 514 but to the additional terminal 605. The two connection terminals 521 and 605 to which the respective sides of the switching member 557 are linked are thus free of potential. In the circuit shown in Figure 16, the terminal 120 of the contactor 100 is not connected by a cable to the outgoing terminal at the neutral pole of the circuit breaker such as 400, but is connected by a cable 606 to the terminal 605 of the apparatus 500A. It will be observed that in the circuit shown in Figure 16, the connection terminal 120 of the contactor 100 forms an activation point of the load 524 by the apparatus 500A, in the same way as the connection terminal 122 forms such an activation point, thus explained above. The circuit illustrated in Figure 18 is similar to that illustrated in Figure 15 except that the contactor 100 and the load 524 are three-phase. The circuit breaker not illustrated such as 300 (Figures 3 and 4) is itself therefore also three-phase. The terminal 114 of the contactor 100 of the circuit illustrated in Figure 18 is connected by a cable to the outgoing terminal at the live pole 1 of the circuit breaker such as 300, an additional terminal 114A is connected by a cable to the outgoing terminal at the live pole 2 of the circuit breaker such as 300, and an additional terminal 114B is connected by a cable to the outgoing terminal at the live pole 3 of the circuit breaker such as 300. The internal circuit of the contactor 100 of the circuit illustrated in Figure 18 is similar to that illustrated in Figure 2 but with two additional pairs of contact commanded by the coil 125 in order that when the coil 125 is activated, we also have the terminal 114A that is linked to an additional terminal 121A and the terminal 114B that is linked to an additional terminal 121B. The load 524 is connected by cables to the terminals 119, 121, 121A and 121B. In addition to the current measuring member 603 placed on the cable connecting the terminal 121 to the load 524, an additional current measuring member 603A is placed on the cable connecting the terminal 121A to the load 524 and another additional current measuring member 603B is placed on the cable connecting the terminal 121B to the load 524. The two cables of the three members 603, 603A and 603B join and the cord 604 of the circuit illustrated in Figure 18 therefore includes six cables. The terminal board 602 of the apparatus 500A of the circuit illustrated in Figure 18 therefore includes six connection points, each linked by an individual conductor track to the logic unit 550, which is configured to deduce the current consumed by the load 524 from the three potential differences provided by the measuring members 603, 603A and 603B. The circuit illustrated in Figure 19 is similar to that illustrated in Figure 18 except that the power contactor 100 of this circuit, just like the power contactor 100 illustrated in Figure 16, has terminals 120 and 122 that must be free of potential. The apparatus 500A of the circuit illustrated in Figure 19 is therefore similar to the apparatus 500A of the circuit illustrated in Figure 18 but, just like the apparatus 500A of the circuit illustrated in Figure 16, it includes an additional connection terminal 605 while the side of the switching member 557 opposite to that linked to the terminal 521 is not linked to the terminal 514 but to an additional terminal 605.
In the circuit shown in Figure 19, the terminal 120 of the contactor 100 is not connected by a cable to the outgoing terminal at the neutral pole of the circuit breaker such as 400, but is connected by a cable 606 to the terminal 605 of the apparatus 500A. In variants not illustrated: - the electrical apparatus 500A cooperates directly (and not by means of a power contactor such as 100) with the load such as 524, like the circuit shown in Figure 13, the activation point of the load 524 to which the outgoing terminal 521 is connected being one of the sides of the load 524, but with the external current measuring member such as 603 that is placed on the cable 525 or 526; - the measures described above so that a safety voltage is applied to the command member such as 523 are absent from the apparatus such as 500A, the internal arrangement of the apparatus according to this variant being, as regards the cooperation with the command member, similar to the internal arrangement shown in Figure 2 or in Figure 6; - the current measuring member such as 603, 603A and 603B is replaced with another member for measuring the current, for example a shunt or a Hall effect sensor; - the base station apparatus 601 is in a format other than modular; - the apparatus such as 500A is in a format other than modular - the WPAN network implemented by the base station apparatus 601 has specifications other than ZigBee, for example BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy); - the access of the base station apparatus 601 to the IP network is carried out other than by Wi-Fi, for example by Ethernet wired link; and/or - the radio frequency network the participants of which are identified by unique address is other than a WPAN network with a dedicated base station, for example the apparatus 500A is configured to directly form part of an IP network via Wi-Fi. Many other variants are possible in accordance with the circumstances, and it is reminded in this regard that the invention is not limited to the examples described and represented.

Claims (10)

  1. CLAIMS 1. Electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current for a service sector or domestic electrical installation to supply a load (524), in accordance with orders received by said apparatus via a radio frequency network, said apparatus being configured to form part of said radio frequency network, the participants of said radio frequency network being identified by an address that is specific to them, said apparatus including: - an incoming terminal (514) configured to be connected to a pole of said source of alternative current and another incoming terminal (513) configured to be connected to another pole of said source of alternative current; - an outgoing terminal (521) configured to be connected to an activation point of said load (524); - a radio frequency communication network (554) via said radio frequency network; and - a switching member (557) linked to said outgoing terminal (521) and to a combined terminal (514; 605), taking either a non-conducting state where it prohibits the passage of current between the combined terminal (514; 605) and the outgoing terminal (521) or a conducting state where it permits the passage of current between the combined terminal (514; 605) and the outgoing terminal (521), said switching member (557) being controlled by said radio frequency communication member (554) via a control transmission including a logic unit (550) linked to said radio frequency communication member (554) as well as an electromagnetic actuator (556) of said switching member (557), linked to said logic unit (550); said control transmission being configured so that the transitions between the non-conducting state and the conducting state of the switching member (557) follow orders received by said radio frequency communication member (554); said logic unit (550) being configured to determine a current intensity from a signal provided by a current measuring member and to communicate externally of said apparatus, via said radio frequency communication member (554), the current intensity thus determined; which apparatus is characterised in that it includes a terminal board (602) configured to be connected by cables (604) to a current measuring member (603; 603, 603A, 603B) external to said apparatus; said terminal board (602) being linked to said logic unit (550); said logic unit (550) being configured to determine said current intensity from the signal present at said terminal board (602); whereby when said activation point of said load (524) is a command terminal (122) of a power contactor (100) different from said apparatus (500A) with the outgoing terminals (119, 121) of said power contactor (100) connected by cables (131, 132) to said load (524) and with said current measuring member (603; 603, 603A, 603B) that is disposed on one said cable (131, 132) connecting said load (524) to one said outgoing terminal (119, 121) of said power contactor (100), the current intensity communicated externally by said apparatus (500A) via said radio frequency communication member (554) is the intensity consumed by said load (524).
  2. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that said logic unit (550) is configured so that the only current intensity that it determines and communicates externally of said apparatus via said radio frequency communication member (554) is that determined from said signal present at said terminal board (602).
  3. 3. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said signal present at said terminal board (602) is a potential difference between two connection points of said terminal board (602), said source of alternative current being single-phase.
  4. 4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said signal present at said terminal board (602) is a plurality of potential differences between two connection points of said terminal board (602), said source of alternative current being three-phase.
  5. 5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that said combined terminal is said incoming terminal (514).
  6. 6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that said combined terminal (605) is an additional terminal different from said incoming terminal (514), whereby neither said outgoing terminal (521) nor said combined terminal (605) is brought to the potential of one of the poles of said source of alternative current.
  7. 7. Electrical circuit of a service sector or domestic electrical installation, including: - an apparatus (500A) according to any one of claims 1 to 6; - a load (524) that said apparatus (500A) allows or does not allow to be supplied by a source of alternative current in accordance with orders received by radio frequency by said apparatus (500A) via said radio frequency network; - a power contactor (100), different from said apparatus (500A), including outgoing terminals (119, 121) connected by cables (131, 132) to said load (524) and a command terminal (122) connected by a cable (525) to said outgoing terminal (521) of said apparatus (500A), said command terminal (112) of said contactor (100) forming said activation point of said load (524); and - a current measuring member (603; 603, 603A, 603B) disposed on one said cable (131, 132) connecting said load (524) to one of said outgoing terminals (119, 121) of said power contactor (100), the current intensity communicated externally by said apparatus (500A) via said radio frequency communication member (554) being the intensity consumed by said load (524).
  8. 8. Electrical circuit according to claim 7, characterised in that it includes a base station apparatus (601) to implement said radio frequency network and form gateway to an IP network.
  9. 9. Electrical circuit according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that said current measuring member is a clamp ammeter (603; 603,603A,603B).
  10. 10. Electrical circuit according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that said apparatus (500A) to allow or not allow said source of alternative current to supply said load (524) and said base station (601) are of modular format.
AU2022202109A 2021-04-01 2022-03-29 Electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current to supply a load, in accordance with orders received by radio frequency, and circuit including same Pending AU2022202109A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2103420A FR3121545B1 (en) 2021-04-01 2021-04-01 Electrical appliance
FR2103420 2021-04-01

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AU2022202109A1 true AU2022202109A1 (en) 2022-10-20

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AU2022202109A Pending AU2022202109A1 (en) 2021-04-01 2022-03-29 Electrical apparatus to allow or not allow a source of alternative current to supply a load, in accordance with orders received by radio frequency, and circuit including same

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EP (1) EP4068327A1 (en)
CN (1) CN115208051A (en)
AU (1) AU2022202109A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3121545B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5652420A (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-07-29 Eaton Corporation Modular contactor control system
JP2002071734A (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-03-12 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Electric energy-integrating apparatus and distribution board
FR2906075B1 (en) 2006-09-18 2009-08-07 Legrand France MECHANISM WITH TWO STABLE POSITIONS AND DEVICE
EP2282321B1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2015-10-14 ABB Schweiz AG Module for measuring the current in a conductor of a low voltage distributor
IS8927A (en) * 2010-04-14 2011-10-15 Remake Electric Ehf Circuit board meter
DE102011003598B4 (en) * 2011-02-03 2023-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electronic trip unit for an electric switch
US9147546B2 (en) * 2011-11-30 2015-09-29 Veris Industries, Llc Self-calibrating current switch with display
FR3093869B1 (en) 2019-03-14 2021-04-09 Legrand France Electrical device to power or not a load depending on the on or blocked state of a control device

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FR3121545B1 (en) 2024-05-03
EP4068327A1 (en) 2022-10-05
CN115208051A (en) 2022-10-18
FR3121545A1 (en) 2022-10-07

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