AU2021410176A1 - Method for controlling harmful annelid using natural pyrethrin - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for controlling a harmful annelid by applying a natural pyrethrin. The present invention provides a method for controlling a harmful annelid, the method being characterized by applying an effective amount of a natural pyrethrin to the harmful annelid, a habitat of the harmful annelid or a place where the occurrence of the harmful annelid is predicted.

Description

DESCRIPTION METHOD FOR CONTROLLING HARMFUL ANNELID USING NATURAL PYRETHRIN TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001]

This application claims priority to and the benefit of

Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-217328 filed on

December 25, 2020 according to the Paris Convention, the

entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002]

The present invention relates to a method for

controlling harmful annelids (harmful phylum annelids) using

natural pyrethrins.

BACKGROUND ART

[0003]

To date, in order to control harmful annelids, some

compounds have been studied. For example, the patent

document 1 describes as a repellent ingredient against a

land leech (Haemadipsa zeylanica), a deet, and a synthetic

pyrethroid, particularly metofluthrin and transfluthrin.

CITATION LIST PATENT LITERATURE

[0004]

Patent Literature 1: JP 2010-202629 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION (PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY INVENTION)

[0005]

However, though according to the above-mentioned

conventional control method, harmful annelids that

approached human body can be repelled, it is inadequate to

exterminate harmful annelids from a habitat of harmful

annelids. Also even if once they are repelled, they don't

lead to death, and their density in the habitat is never

decreased, and once the repellant effect wears off, they

approaches again to human body or areas to be controlled.

[0006]

An object of the present invention is to provide a

method for exterminating harmful annelids rapidly from

habitats thereof.

[0007]

An object of the present invention is to provide a

method for exterminating harmful annelids.

(MEANS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS)

[0008]

The present invention includes the followings.

[1] A method for exterminating harmful annelids, which

comprises applying an effective amount of natural pyrethrins

to a harmful annelid, or a habitat or an area where it is

expected to appear.

[2] The method according to [1], wherein the harmful annelid

represents the harmful annelid from the order

Arhynchobdellida, class Hirudinida.

[3] A use of natural pyrethrins for exterminating a harmful

annelid.

[4] The use according to claim 3 wherein the harmful annelid

represents the harmful annelid from the order

Arhynchobdellida, class Hirudinida.

(EFFECT OF INVENTION)

[0009]

The present invention can exterminate harmful annelids

immediately.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0010]

Natural pyrethrins as described herein (hereinafter,

referred to as "Present compound") is explained. The natural

pyrethrins contain six kinds of compounds of Pyrethrin I,

Pyrethrin II, Cinerin I, Cinerin II, Jasmoline I, and

Jasmoline II. The natural pyrethrins can be typically

obtained as an extract or a dried powder of pyrethrum, which

is obtained by collecting a flower calyx of pyrethrum

(scientific name: Tanacetum cinerariifolium, or

Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium), making a dried and grinded

powder thereof, and extracting the dried and grinded powder

using appropriate solvent(s) for dissolving an effective

ingredient (for example, organic solvent(s) such as methanol,

and the others). The natural pyrethrins may contain impurity

materials derived from plants (for example, aliphatic acid,

flavonoids and the others), in addition to the above

mentioned six kinds of the compounds. As the plants from

which the natural pyrethrins can be obtained, in addition to

the above-mentioned Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Chrysanthemum

cinerariaefolium), Calendula officinalis, Chrysanthemum

coccinum, Tagetes erecta, Tagetes minuta, Zinnia elegans,

Zinia linnearis and the others have been known (see Reference

document 1: Adnane. H. Alain, C. & Chantal, B. 2000. The

Production of Pyrethrins by Plant Cell and Tissue Cultures

of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and Tagetes Species.

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 19(1): 69-89, Reference

document 2: Kudakasseril, G. J. and Staba, E. J. 1988.

Insecticidal phytochemicals. In: Cell Culture and Somatic

Cell Genetics of Plants. pp. 537-552. Constabel, F. and Vasil,

I. K., Eds., Academic Press, New York., Reference document

3: John E. Casida, Gary B. Quistad. 1995. PYRETHRUM FLOWERS,

Production, Chemistry, Toxicology, and Uses. pp. 1 2 3 - 1 2 5

, Oxford University Press.), however, for the natural

pyrethrins to be used in the present invention, plant kinds

and varieties as a source thereof are not limited to the

above-mentioned plant species. A method for cultivating the

plants, a cultivating condition (such as climate, production

area, soil texture, and the others), a harvest time, a

harvest part, a harvest method, a washing method, an

extracting method, and a purifying method are not

particularly limited, and examples of the natural pyrethrins

to be used in the present invention encompass also natural

pyrethrins that are obtained by using a vector to which any

genes coding a pyrethrin biosynthetic enzyme are

incorporated.

Each of the weight ratio of the six kinds of the

compounds including Pyrethrin I, Pyrethrin II, Cinerin I,

Cinerin II, Jasmoline I, and Jasmoline II in the natural

pyrethrins is not particularly limited, which may be set an

arbitrary weight ratio being within a range of 0.001 to 99 %,

and typically, the pyrethrin I is contained by the weight

ratio of 10 to 70 %, the pyrethrin II is contained by the

weight ratio of 10 to 70 %, the cinerin I is contained by

the weight ratio of 1 to 20 %, the cinerin II is contained

by the weight ratio of 1 to 20 %, the jasmoline I is contained by the weight ratio of 1 to 20 %, and the Jasmoline II is contained by the weight ratio of 1 to 20 %. Specifically, for example, the following compounding ratios (parts by weight) are listed.

Weight Ratio [pyrethrin I pyrethrin II cinerin I :

cinerin II jasmoline I jasmoline II] = 38.0 : 35.0 :

7.3 : 11.7 4.0 : 4.0 (see Reference document 3).

Also since the natural pyrethrins are usually in a form

of a plant extract, they may contain impurity materials

derived from plants, and further auxiliary ingredients such

as solvents, stabilizer and the others, in addition to the

above-mentioned six kinds of the compounds. The contents of

the above-mentioned six kinds of the compounds in the natural

pyrethrins are within a range of usually 10 to 99 %,

preferably 15 to 90 %, and more preferably 20 to 85 %.

In the natural pyrethrins, regarding the kinds of the

pyrethrin I (as total amount of pyrethrin I, cinerin I, and

jasmoline I), and the kinds of the pyrethrin II (as total

amount of the pyrethrin II, cinerin II, and jasmoline II),

the specific species containing the kinds of the pyrethrin

I by 20 to 40 % and the kinds of the pyrethrin II by 12 to

31 % are examples.

[0011]

The Present compound may be mixed with or used in

combination with one or more ingredient(s) selected from the group consisting of the following Group (a), Group (b), Group

(c), and Group (d) (hereinafter referred to as "Present

ingredient").

When the Present compound is mixed with or used in

combination with the Present ingredient, they are used

simultaneously, separately, or at time intervals with each

other.

When the Present compound is used simultaneously with

the Present ingredient, the Present compound and the Present

ingredient may be contained in separate formulations or

contained in one formulation.

One aspect of the present invention provides a

composition comprising one or more ingredient(s) selected

from the group consisting of Group (a), Group (b), Group (c),

and Group (d), and the Present compound (hereinafter referred

to as "Composition A").

[0012]

The Group (a) represents insecticidal ingredients,

miticidal ingredients and nematicidal ingredients that are

a group consisting of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (for

example, carbamate insecticides and organophosphate

insecticides), GABA-gated chloride ion channel blockers (for

example, phenylpyrazole insecticides), sodium channel

modulators (for example, pyrethroid insecticides), nicotinic

acetylcholine receptor antagonist modulators (for example, neonicotinoid insecticides), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators, glutamate-gated chloride ion channel competitive modulators (for example, macrolide insecticides), juvenile hormone mimics, multisite inhibitors, chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators, mites growth regulators, microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes, mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers (for example, nereistoxin insecticides), inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, moulting disruptors, ecdysone receptor agonists, octopamine receptor agonists,

Inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex

I, II, III, and IV, voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers,

Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase, ryanodine receptor

modulators (for example, diamide insecticides), chordotonal

organ modulators, microbial insecticide, as well as other

insecticidal ingredients, miticidal ingredients and

nematicidal ingredients. These agents are described in the

classification based on the IRAC mode of action.

[0013]

The Group (b) represents a group of synergistic

ingredients.

[0014]

The Group (c) represents a group of repellent

ingredients.

[0015]

The Group (d) represents a group of molluscicide

ingredients.

[0016]

Any of the present ingredients as described below are

a known ingredient, and can be obtained from a commercially

available formulations, or can be prepared according to a

known method. When the present ingredient represents a

microorganism, the present ingredient can be obtained from

a microorganism depositary authority. The number in

parentheses represents CAS RN (registered trademark).

[0017]

The present ingredients of the above Group (a):

abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid,

acetoprole, acrinathrin, acynonapyr, afidopyropen,

afoxolaner, alanycarb, aldicarb, allethrin, alpha

cypermethrin, alpha-endosulfan, aluminium phosphide, amitraz,

azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, azocyclotin,

bendiocarb, benfluthrin, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzoximate,

benzpyrimoxan, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin,

bifenazate, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioresmethrin,

bistrifluron, borax, boric acid, broflanilide,

bromopropylate, buprofezin, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim,

cadusafos, calcium phosphide, carbaryl, carbofuran,

carbosulfan, cartap hydrochloride, cartap, chinomethionat, chlorantraniliprole, chlordane, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chloropicrin, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chromafenozide, clofentezine, clothianidin, concanamycin A, coumaphos, cryolite, cyanophos, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cyclobutrifluram, cycloprothrin, cycloxaprid, cyenopyrafen, cyetpyrafen, cyflumetofen, cyfluthrin, cyhalodiamide, cyhalothrin, cyhexatin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, cyproflanilide, cyromazine, dazomet, deltamethrin, demeton-S-methyl, diafenthiuron, diazinon, dichlorvos, dicloromezotiaz, dicofol, dicrotophos, diflovidazin, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, dimpropyridaz, dinotefuran, disodium octaborate, disulfoton, DNOC (2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol), doramectin, emamectin-benzoate, empenthrin, endosulfan, EPN

(0-ethyl 0-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate),

epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-momfluorothrin, esfenvalerate,

ethiofencarb, ethion, ethiprole, ethoprophos, etofenprox,

etoxazole, famphur, fenamiphos, fenazaquin, fenbutatin oxide,

fenitrothion, fenobucarb, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin,

fenpyroximate, fenthion, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin,

flonicamid, fluacrypyrim, fluazaindolizine, fluazuron,

flubendiamide, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, fluensulfone,

flufenoprox, flufenoxuron, flufiprole, flumethrin,

flupentiofenox, flupyradifurone, flupyrimin, fluralaner, fluvalinate, fluxametamide, formetanate, fosthiazate, furamethrin, furathiocarb, gamma-cyhalothrin, GS omega/kappa HXTX-Hvla peptide, halfenprox, halofenozide, heptafluthrin, heptenophos, hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnon, hydroprene, imicyafos, imidacloprid, imidaclothiz, imiprothrin, indoxacarb, isocycloseram, isofenphos, isoprocarb, isopropyl-0

(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion,

ivermectin, kadethrin, kappa-tefluthrin, kappa-bifenthrin,

kinoprene, lambda-cyhalothrin, lenoremycin, lepimectin, lime

sulfur, lotilaner, lufenuron, machine oil, malathion,

mecarbam, meperfluthrin, metaflumizone, metam, methamidophos,

methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor,

methoxyfenozide, methyl bromide, etofluthrin, metolcarb,

metoxadiazone, mevinphos, milbemectin, milbemycin oxime,

momfluorothrin, monocrotophos, moxidectin, naled,

nicofluprole, nicotine, nicotine-sulfate, nitenpyram,

novaluron, noviflumuron, omethoate, oxamyl, oxazosulfyl,

oxydemeton-methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, permethrin,

phenothrin, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet,

phosphamidon, phosphine, phoxim, pirimicarb, pirimiphos

methyl, prallethrin, profenofos, profluthrin, propargite,

propetamphos, propoxur, propylene glycol alginate,

prothiofos, pyflubumide, pymetrozine, pyraclofos, pyridaben,

pyridalyl, pyridaphenthion, pyrifluquinazone, pyrimidifen, pyriminostrobin, pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, quinalphos, resmethrin, rotenone, ryanodine, sarolaner, selamectin, sigma-cypermethrin, silafluofen, sodium borate, sodium metaborate, spinetoram, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spiropidion, spirotetramat, sulfluramid, sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, sulfur, sulfuryl fluoride, tartar emetic, tau-fluvalinate, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebupirimfos, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tetrachlorvinphos, tetradifon, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tetraniliprole, theta cypermethrin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiocyclam, thiodicarb, thiofanox, thiometon, thiosultap-disodium, thiosultap-monosodium, tioxazafen, tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, triazamate, triazophos, trichlorfon, triflumezopyrim, triflumuron, trimethacarb, tyclopyrazoflor, vamidothion, XMC (3,5-dimethylphenyl N methylcarbamate), xylylcarb, zeta-cypermethrin, zinc phosphide), 4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)

4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-(1-oxothietan-3

yl)benzamide(1241050-20-3), 3-methoxy-N-(5-{5

(trifluoromethyl)-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl

)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}indan-1

yl)propanamide(1118626-57-5), 2-({2-fluoro-4-methyl-5

[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}imino)-3-(2,2,2

trifluoroethyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one(1445683-71-5), (3R)-

3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-7-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3

dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ium-5-olate(2249718-27-0),

N-{4-chloro-3-[(1-cyanocyclopropyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-1

methyl-4-(methanesulfonyl)-3-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)

1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide(1400768-21-9), 11-(4-chloro-2,6

dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9

azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-11-en-10-one (907187-07-9), 3

(4'-fluoro-2,4-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8

oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one(1031385-91-7), N-[3

chloro-1-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2

(methanesulfonyl)propanamide(2396747-83-2), 1,4-dimethyl-2

[2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazol-5-yl]-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5

dione(2171099-09-3), 2-isopropyl-5-[(3,4,4-trifluoro-3

buten-1-yl)sulfonyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazole(2058052-95-0), N

({2-fluoro-4-[(2S,3S)-2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)

3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1

yl]phenyl}methyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide, BT crop protein

CrylAb, BT crop protein CrylAc, BT crop protein CrylFa, BT

crop protein Cry1A.105, BT crop protein Cry2Ab, BT crop

protein Vip3A, BT crop protein Cry3A, BT crop protein Cry3Ab,

BT crop protein Cry3Bb, BT crop protein Cry34Abl/Cry35Abl,

Adoxophyes orana granulosis virus strain BV-0001, Anticarsia

gemmatalis mNPV, Autographa californica mNPV, Cydia

pomonella GV strain V15, Cydia pomonella GV strain V22,

Cryptophlebia leucotreta GV, Dendrolimus punctatus cypovirus,

Helicoverpa armigera NPV strain BV-0003, Helicoverpa zea NPV,

Lymantria dispar NPV, Mamestra brassicae NPV, Mamestra

configurata NPV, Neodiprion abietis NPV, Neodiprion lecontei

NPV, Neodiprion sertifer NPV, Nosema locustae, Orgyia

pseudotsugata NPV, Pieris rapae GV, Plodia interpunctella

GV, Spodoptera exigua mNPV, Spodoptera littoralis mNPV,

Spodoptera litura NPV, Arthrobotrys dactyloides, Bacillus

firmus strain GB-126, Bacillus firmus strain 1-1582,

Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus sp. strain AQ175, Bacillus sp.

strain AQ177, Bacillus sp. strain AQ178, Bacillus sphaericus

strain 2362, Bacillus sphaericus strain ABTS1743, Bacillus

sphaericus Serotype strain H5a5b, Bacillus thuringiensis

strain AQ52, Bacillus thuringiensis strain BD#32, Bacillus

thuringiensis strain CR-371, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.

Aizawai strain ABTS-1857, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.

Aizawai strain AM65-52, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.

Aizawai strain GC-91, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Aizawai

Serotype strain H-7, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki

strain ABTS351, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki

strain BMP123, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain

EG234, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain EG7841,

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain EVB113-19,

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain F810, Bacillus

thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain HD-1, Bacillus

thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain PB54, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain SA-11, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki strain SA-12, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Tenebriosis strain NB176, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Thuringiensis strain MPPL002, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni, Bacillus thuringiensis var.

colmeri, Bacillus thuringiensis var. darmstadiensis strain

24-91, Bacillus thuringiensis var. dendrolimus, Bacillus

thuringiensis var. galleriae, Bacillus thuringiensis var.

israelensis strain BMP144, Bacillus thuringiensis var.

israelensis serotype strain H-14, Bacillus thuringiensis var.

japonensis strain buibui, Bacillus thuringiensis var. san

diego strain M-7, Bacillus thuringiensis var. 7216, Bacillus

thuringiensis var. aegypti, Bacillus thuringiensis var. T36,

Beauveria bassiana strain ANT-03, Beauveria bassiana strain

ATCC74040, Beauveria bassiana strain GHA, Beauveria

brongniartii, Burkholderia rinojensis strain A396,

Chromobacterium subtsugae strain PRAA4-1T, Dactyllela

ellipsospora, Dectylaria thaumasia, Hirsutella minnesotensis,

Hirsutella rhossiliensis, Hirsutella thompsonii, Lagenidium

giganteum, Lecanicillium lecanii strain KV01, Lecanicillium

lecanii conidia of strain DAOM198499, Lecanicillium lecanii

conidia of strain DAOM216596, Lecanicillium muscarium strain

Ve6, Metarhizium anisopliae strain F52, Metarhizium

anisopliae var. acridum, Metarhizium anisopliae var.

anisopliae BIPESCO 5/F52, Metarhizium flavoviride,

Monacrosporium phymatopagum, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus

Apopka strain 97, Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251,

Paecilomyces tenuipes strain Ti, Paenibacillus popilliae,

Pasteuria nishizawae strain Pnl, Pasteuria penetrans,

Pasteuria usgae, Pasteuria thoynei, Serratia entomophila,

Verticillium chlamydosporium, and Verticillium lecani strain

NCIM1312.

[0018]

The present ingredients of the above Group (b):

1-dodecyl-1H-imidazole, N-(2-ethylhexyl)-8,9,10

trinorborn-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide, bucarpolate, N,N

dibutyl-4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide, dietholate,

diethylmaleate, piperonyl butoxide, piperonyl cyclonene,

piprotal, propyl isome, safroxan, sesamex, sesamolin,

sulfoxide, Verbutin, DMC (1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol),

FDMC (1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol), ETN

(1,2-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene), ETP (1,1,1

trichloro-2,3-expoxypropane), PSCP (phenylsaligenin cyclic

phosphate), TBPT (S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate), and

TPP (triphenyl phosphate).

[0019]

The present ingredients of the above Group (c):

anthraquinone, deet, and icaridin.

[0020]

The present ingredients of the above Group (d): bis(tributyltin)oxide, allicin, bromoacetamide, cloethocarb, copper sulfate, fentin, ferric(III) phosphate, metaldehyde, niclosamide, pentachlorophenol, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, tazimcarb, tralopyril, and trifenmorph.

[0021]

The ratio of the Present compound to the Present

ingredient includes, but not limited thereto, as a ratio by

weight (the Present compound : the Present ingredient)

1,000:1 to 1:1,000, 500:1 to 1:500, 100:1 to 1:100, 50:1,

20:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2,

1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:50, and

the others.

[0022]

The present compounds have an efficacy against harmful

annelids (harmful phylum annelids). Examples of the harmful

annelids include the followings.

[0023]

From the order Rhynchobdellida, class Hirudinida,

from the family Glossiphoniidae: Actinobdella annectens,

Actinobdella inequiannulata, Actinobdella magnidisca

Actinobdella pediculata, Alboglossiphonia heteroclite

Desserobdella cryptobranchii, Desserobdella michiganensis,

Desserobdella phalera, Desserobdella picta, Gloiobdella

elongate, Glossiphonia complanata, Glossiphonia paludosa,

Glossiphonia swampina, Glossiphonia verrucata, Haementeria officinalis Haementeria tuberculifera, Helobdella adiastola,

Helobdella californica, Helobdella conchata, Helobdella

fusca Helobdella moorei, Helobdella nigropunctata,

Helobdella papillata, Helobdella punctatolineata, Helobdella

robusta, Helobdella stagnalis, Helobdella transversa,

Helobdella triserialis, Marvinmeyeria lucida, Oligobdella

biannulata, Placobdella bistriata, Placobdella hollensis,

Placobdella mexicana, Placobdella montifera, Placobdella

multilineata, Placobdella nuchalis, Placobdella ornata,

Placobdella papillifera, Placobdella parasitica, Placobdella

translucens, Placobdelloides maorica, Theromyzon bifarium,

Theromyzon maculosum, Theromyzon rude, Theromyzon tessulatu,

Theromyzon trizonare, Torix novaezealandiae;

from the family Ozobranchidae: Ozobranchus branchiatus,

Ozobranchus jantseanus, Ozobranchus margoi;

from the family Piscicolidae: Aestabdella

abditovesiculata, Aestabdella leiostomi, Austrobdella

californica, Baicalobdella torquata, Bdellamaris eptatreti,

Beringobdella rectangulata, Branchellion borealis,

Branchellion lobata, Branchellion ravenelii, Branchellion

torpedinis, Calliobdella knightjonesi, Calliobdella lophii,

Calliobdella nodulifera, Calliobdella vivid, Caspiobdella

caspica, Caspiobdella fadejewi, Caspiobdella tuberculate,

Cystobranchus mammillatus, Cystobranchus meyeri,

Cystobranchus moorei, Cystobranchus verrilli, Cystobranchus virginicus, Crangonobdella maculosa, Hemibdella branchiarum,

Hemibdella rapax, Johanssonia arctica, Makarabdella manteri,

Malmiana brunnea, Malmiana bubali, Malmiana diminuta,

Malmiana philotherma, Malmiana scorpii, Malmiana virida,

Malmiana yorki, Mysidobdella borealis, Myzobdella lugubris,

Myzobdella patzcuarensis, Notobdella nototheniae, Notostomum

cyclostomum, Notostomum leave, Oceanobdella microstoma,

Oceanobdella pallida, Oceanobdella sexoculata, Orientobdella

confluens, Ostreobdella papillata, Oxytonostoma typical,

Piscicola geometra, Piscicola milneri, Piscicola punctata,

Piscicola salmositica, Piscicola zebra, Piscicolaria reducta,

Platybdella anarrhichae, Platybdella fabricii, Platybdella

olriki, Platybdella quadrioculata, Pontobdella muricata,

Pontobdella vosmaeri, Stibarobdella macrothela,

Trachelobdella lubrica, Trachelobdella oregonensis,

Trachelobdella livanovi;

From the order Arhynchobdellida, class Hirudinida,

from the family Macrobdellidae: Macrobdella decora,

Macrobdella diplotertia, Macrobdella ditetra, Macrobdella

mimicus, Macrobdella sestertii, Oxyptychus antelarum,

Oxyptychus bora, Oxyptychus brasilensis, Oxyptychus festai,

Oxyptychus inexpectatus, Oxyptychus ornatus, Oxyptychus

riporetensis, Oxyptychus strennus, Oxyptychus striatus,

Philobdella floridana, Philobdella gracilis; from the family Praobdellidae: Dinobdella ferox,

Limnatis bacescui, Limnatis nilotica, Limnatis paluda,

Limnobdella chiapasensis, Limnobdella mexicana, Limnobdella

olivacea, Limnobdella profundisulcata, Limnobdella

tehuacanea, Myxobdella africana, Myxobdella nepalica,

Myxobdella sinanensis, Myxobdella weberi, Parapraobdella

lineata, Pintobdella cajali, Praobdella buettneri,

Praobdella guineensis, Praobdella maculate, Praobdella

radiate, Tyrannobdella rex;

from the family Xerobdellidae: Diestecostoma magna,

Diestecostoma mexicana, Diestecostoma octoannulata,

Diestecostoma trujillensis, Mesobdella gemmate, Xerobdella

anulata, Xerobdella lecomtei, Xerobdella praealpina;

from the family Hirudinidae: Hirudo medicinalis, Hirudo

nipponia, Hirudo verbana, Hirudo orientalis, Hirudo sulukii,

Hirudo troctina, Hirudinaria bpling, Hirudinaria javanica,

Hirudinaria manillensis, Hirudobdella antipodum,

Hirudobdella benhami, Ornithobdella edentula, Oxyuptychus

antellarum, Poecilobdella blanchardi, Richardsonianus

mauianus;

from the family Haemadipsidae: Haemadipsa agilis,

Haemadipsa cavatuses, Haemadipsa cochiniana, Haemadipsa

crenata, Haemadipsa dussumieri, Haemadipsa guangchuanensis,

Haemadipsa hainana, Haemadipsa interrupta, Haemadipsa

japonica, Haemadipsa kodairensis, Haemadipsa limuna,

Haemadipsa montana, Haemadipsa moorei, Haemadipsa

montivindicus, Haemadipsa ornata, Haemadipsa picta,

Haemadipsa rjukjuana, Haemadipsa subagilis, Haemadipsa

sumatrana, Haemadipsa sylvestris, Haemadipsa trimaculosa,

Haemadipsa zeylanica, Chtonobdella aurita, Chtonobdella

australis, Chtonobdella bilineata, Chtonobdella bilobata,

Chtonobdella catenifera, Chtonobdella daubani, Chtonobdella

fallax, Chtonobdella gloriosi, Chtonobdella grandidieri,

Chtonobdella grandis, Chtonobdella jawarerensis,

Chtonobdella kingi, Chtonobdella limbata, Chtonobdella

lineata, Chtonobdella maculosa, Chtonobdella mediorubra,

Chtonobdella meyeri, Chtonobdella minuta, Chtonobdella

miranda, Chtonobdella molesta, Chtonobdella moluccensis,

Chtonobdella morsitans, Chtonobdella niarchosorum,

Chtonobdella nigra, Chtonobdella novabritanniae,

Chtonobdella noxia, Chtonobdella nymboidae, Chtonobdella

palmyrae, Chtonobdella papuensis, Chtonobdella parva,

Chtonobdella pungens, Chtonobdella quoyi, Chtonobdella

rennelli, Chtonobdella seychellensis, Chtonobdella

singularis, Chtonobdella skottsbergi, Chtonobdella solomoni,

Chtonobdella tanae, Chtonobdella tristriata, Chtonobdella

vagans, Chtonobdella whitmani, Tritetrabdella kinabaluensis,

Tritetrabdella longiducta, Tritetrabdella scandens,

Tritetrabdella taiwana.

[0024]

The Present compound is usually used by mixing it with

inert carrier(s) such as solid carrier(s), liquid carrier(s),

and gaseous carrier(s), surfactant(s), and the others, and

as needed, adding thereto auxiliary agent(s) for formulation

such as binder(s), dispersant(s), and stabilizer(s) to be

formulated into an aqueous suspension formulation, an oily

suspension formulation, an oil solution, an emulsifiable

concentrate, an emulsion formulation, a microemulsion

formulation, a microcapsule formulation, a wettable powder,

a granular wettable powder, a dust formulation, a granule,

a tablet, an aerosol formulation, a hand sanitizer, a resin

formulation, or the others. In addition to these

formulations, the Present compound or the Composition A may

be used by formulating it into a dosage form described in

Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO Specifications

for pesticides, FAO Plant Production and Protection Papers

271-276, prepared by the FAO/WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide

Specifications, 2016, ISSN:0259-2517.

These formulations usually comprise 0.0001 to 99% by

weight ratio of the Present compound or the Composition A.

[00251

Examples of the solid carrier include fine powders or

granules of clays (for example, pyrophyllite clay, kaolin

clay, and the others), talcs, calcium carbonate,

diatomaceous earth, zeolite, bentonite, acid white clay, attapulgite, white carbon, ammonium nitrate, vermiculite, perlite, pumice, quartz sand, chemical fertilizers (for example, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, or ammonium chloride) and the others; as well as resins (for example, polypropylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, and the others).

[0026]

Examples of the liquid carriers include water; alcohols

(for example, ethanol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol,

propylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol); ketones (for

example, acetone, or cyclohexanone); aromatic hydrocarbons

(for example, xylene, phenyl xylyl ethane, or

methylnaphthalene); aliphatic hydrocarbons (for example,

hexane, or cyclohexane); esters (for example, ethyl acetate,

ethyl oleate, or propylene carbonate); nitriles (for example,

acetonitrile); ethers (for example, ethyleneglycol dimethyl

ether); amides (for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, or N,N

dimethyloctanamide); sulfoxides (for example, dimethyl

sulfoxide); lactams (for example, N-methylpyrrolidone, or N

octylpyrrolidone); and aliphatic acid (for example, oleic

acid).

[0027]

Examples of gaseous carrier include fluorocarbon,

butane gas, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), dimethyl ether,

nitrogen, and carbon dioxide gas.

[0028]

Examples of the surfactant include nonionic surfactants

(for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene

alkyl aryl ethers, and polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters),

and anionic surfactants (for example, alkyl sulfonates,

alkyl aryl sulfonates, and alkyl sulfates).

[0029]

Examples of the other auxiliary agent for formulation

include binders, dispersants, colorants, and stabilizers,

and the specific examples thereof include polysaccharides

(for example, starch, gum arabic, cellulose derivatives, and

alginic acid), lignin derivatives, water-soluble synthetic

polymers (for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl

pyrrolidone, and polyacrylic acids), acidic isopropyl

phosphate, and dibutylhydroxytoluene.

[0030]

The method for exterminating harmful annelids of the

present invention is conducted by applying each of the

effective amount of the present compound or the composition

A to the harmful annelids directly, and/or a habitat and/or

an area where they are expected to appear (such as plants,

soil, indoor, outdoor, animal body, human body, clothing, hat and shoes).

[0031]

As disclosed by the present invention, applying the

present compound or the composition A to harmful annelids

directly can exterminate the harmful annelids immediately

and accordingly minimize sucking a blood of human body or

animal body such as pets or livestock.

[0032]

As disclosed by the present invention, applying the

present compound or the composition A to a habitat of the

harmful annelids leads the harmful annelids that touched the

applied surface to death, and accordingly, prevent human

body and animal body such as pets or livestock from being

sucked a blood.

[0033]

As disclosed by the present invention, applying the

present compound or the composition A to habitat of the

harmful annelids can exert an exterminating activity against

the harmful annelids for a certain period after the

application.

Also, depending on the formulation, the present

compound or the composition A can be disappeared rapidly in

the environment after the application, and accordingly, can

minimize a chemical contamination in the environment.

[0034]

As disclosed by the present invention, treating

clothing or shoes of a human body or pets with the present

compound or the composition A leads the harmful annelids

that touched the treated surface to death, and accordingly,

prevent a human body or an animal body such as pets and

livestock from being sucked a blood.

[00351

As disclosed by the present invention, treating

clothing or shoes of a human body or pets with the present

compound or the composition A can exert an exterminating

activity against the harmful annelids for a certain period

after the treatment. Also, depending on the formulation,

the present compound or the composition A can be disappeared

rapidly in the environment after the treatment, and

accordingly, can minimize a chemical contamination in the

environment.

[00361

When the Present compound is used to exterminate harmful

annelids that live on outdoor plants (such as turfs or weeds)

or grounds, the application dose thereof is usually within

a range from 0.01 to 1,000 mg per 1 m2 of an area to be

treated, in the case of treating it on a surface. When the

Present compound is used to exterminate harmful annelids

that live inside a house, the application dose thereof is

usually within a range from 0.01 to 1,000 mg per 1 m 2 of an area to be treated, in the case of treating it on a surface.

In the case of treating it spatially, the application dose

thereof is usually within a range from 0.01 to 500 mg per 1

m 3 of the space to be treated. When the Present compound or

the Composition A is formulated into emulsifiable

concentrates, wettable powders, flowables or the others,

such formulations are usually applied after diluting it with

water in such a way that a concentration of the active

ingredient is within a range from 0.1 to 10,000 ppm. In the

case of being formulated into oil solutions, aerosols, hand

sprays, smoking agents, poison baits and the others, such

formulations are used as itself without diluting it.

EXAMPLES

[0037]

Hereinafter, the present invention is explained in

more detail by Formulation Examples, and Test Examples,

however, the present invention should not be limited to

these Examples.

[0038]

First, the formulation examples of the present

compounds are shown below. Here the "parts" represents "part

by weight".

[0039]

Formulation Example 1

Thirty five (35) parts of a mixture of ammonium

polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate and wet silica (weight

ratio: 1:1), 10 parts of the present compound, and 55 parts

of water are mixed, and the mixture is then finely-ground by

a wet grinding method to obtain a formulation.

[0040]

Formulation Example 2

Fifty (50) parts of the present compound, 3 parts of

calcium lignin sulfonate, 2 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate,

and 45 parts of silica are well mixed-grinding to obtain a

formulation.

[0041]

Formulation Example 3

Five (5) parts of the present compound, 9 parts of

polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, 5 parts of

polyoxyethylene decyl ether (Number of ethylene oxide

additions: 5), 6 parts of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate

and 75 parts of xylene are well mixed to obtain a formulation.

[0042]

Formulation Example 4

Two (2) parts of the present compound, 1 part of silica,

2 parts of calcium lignin sulfonate, 30 parts of bentonite

and 65 parts of kaolin clay are mixed-grinding, and thereto

is added an appropriate amount of water, and the mixture is

well kneaded and is then granulated with a granulator and dried to obtain a formulation.

[0043]

Formulation Example 5

Ten (10) parts of the present compound is mixed with a

mixture of 18 parts of benzyl alcohol and 9 parts of DMSO,

and thereto are added 6.3 parts of GERONOL (registered

trademark) TE250, 2.7 parts of Ethylan (registered

trademark) NS-500LQ, and 54 parts of Solvent naphtha, and

the mixture is mixed to obtain a formulation.

[0044]

Formulation Example 6

Zero point one (0.1) parts of the present compound and

39.9 parts of kerosene are dissolved while mixing, and the

mixture is placed in an aerosol container, and 60 parts of

liquefied petroleum gas (mixture of propane, butane and

isobutane; saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (250C)) is

filled in the container to obtain a formulation.

[0045]

Formulation Example 7

Zero point two (0.2) parts of the present compound, 50

parts of pyrethrum extract dreg powder, 30 parts of Machilus

thunbergii powder, and 19.8 parts of wood powder are mixed,

and an appropriate amount of water is added thereto, and the

mixture is well kneaded, and is extructed with an extruder

into a plate-like sheet, and the resulting sheet is made a spiral-like form thereof with a punching machine to obtain a formulation.

[0046]

Next, the efficacy of the present compound against

harmful annelids is shown by the Test Example. In the Test

Example below, the test was conducted at 250C.

[0047]

Test Method 1

An acetone solution which is adjusted to 50 ppm of the

test compound is poured into a container having 20 mL volume,

and the test compound is coated uniformly on inner surface

of the container such that the application dose of the test

compound is adjusted to 2.5 mg/m 2 , and the container is then

allowed to dry.

Land leeches (Haemadipsa zeylanica) with the full

length of about 1 to about 3 cm are placed in the container,

and the container is then covered with the lid. After the

prescribed times are lapsed, the states of the land leeches

(Haemadipsa zeylanica) are examined and the mortality ratio

thereof is calculated. The mortality is calculated by the

following equation. The individuals that don't respond

normally even when they are breathed (don't actively explore,

cannot walk, writhes, are limp and unresponsive) are taken

as dead individuals.

Mortality (%) = (Number of dead/Number of tested) x 100

[0048]

Test Example 1-1

The results of the test which was conducted according

to the test method 1 is shown in Table 1.

[Table 1] Test agent Lasped times Mortality ratio

After 1 min. 100 Natural pyrethroid After 5 min. 100 After 15 min. 100 After 1 min. 25 Deet After 5 min. 0 After 15 min. 0 After 1 min. 0 Metofluthrin After 5 min. 0 After 15 min. 50 After 1 min. 0 Transfluthrin After 5 min. 0 After 15 min. 0 The concentration of natural pyrethrins was adjusted to

50 ppm as the total concentration of the kinds of pyrethrin

I and the kinds of pyrethrin II.

It was found from the above test results that the

natural pyrethrins have more immediately exterminating

activity against harmful annelids compared to deet,

metofluthrin, or transfluthrin as a repellant ingredient

that are described in the patent document 1.

Claims (4)

1. A method for exterminating harmful annelids, which

comprises applying an effective amount of natural pyrethrins

to a harmful annelid, or a habitat or an area where it is

expected to appear.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the harmful

annelid represents the harmful annelid from the order

Arhynchobdellida, class Hirudinida.

3. A use of natural pyrethrins for exterminating a harmful

annelid.

4. The use according to claim 3 wherein the harmful annelid

represents the harmful annelid from the order

Arhynchobdellida, class Hirudinida.