AU2021105881A4 - Process for generating marine clouds and ocean microbubbles - Google Patents
Process for generating marine clouds and ocean microbubbles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2021105881A4 AU2021105881A4 AU2021105881A AU2021105881A AU2021105881A4 AU 2021105881 A4 AU2021105881 A4 AU 2021105881A4 AU 2021105881 A AU2021105881 A AU 2021105881A AU 2021105881 A AU2021105881 A AU 2021105881A AU 2021105881 A4 AU2021105881 A4 AU 2021105881A4
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- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- ocean
- cloud
- sea
- ships
- ship
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
There is also a growing awareness amongst many scientists that, whilst commendable and
necessary, both decarbonisation and carbon dioxide removal will not return the planet to a safe
sub 300ppm C02 level in time to avoid runaway warming and that in the short term, planetary
cooling interventions are now urgently required.
Two technologies hold promise of helping to provide planetary cooling: Marine Cloud
Brightening(MCB) and Microbubble Sea Whitening (MSW). MCB has the potential to boost
clouds with sea salt aerosols and MSW can whiten the ocean to reflect heat back into space.
This invention consists of a device called a 'Cloud Maker', that be towed behind existing ships
to disperse both Marine Cloud Brightening and Microbubble Sea Whitening aerosols and
microbubbles to increase both cloud and ocean albedo reflection.
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Description
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2021105881
Description
Wind energy has very short energy payback time, often less than one year, calculated by life cycle assessments. To achieve the warming limits of the Paris agreement, negative emissions technologies (NETs) are needed to augment renewable energies.
This invention involves the conversion or initial installation of devices into offshore wind turbines to disperse Marine Cloud Brightening(MCB). Generating MCB from wind turbines will increase the albedo reflectivity from marine clouds which helps to cool the sea surface, protect coral reefs from bleaching and potentially lower the frequency and intensity of hurricanes. These transformations involve simple modifications to existing or new wind turbines and will not impact the carbon-free electricity generation yield of wind farms.
This can be achieved by only generating MCB plumes at night when off peak demand for wind power is low compared with daily energy demand.The cooling effects generated from night time use of 'surplus' energy could earn carbon credits. Use of night time energy will ensure the performance of the wind turbine is optimised and not compromised from incorporation of this device.
This invention consists of a prefabricated spraying device which filters sea water and with the help of pumps and nebulizers to spray sub micron droplets into the boundary layer. The spraying equipment will be housed in a moulded polymer or similar housing that can be strapped around the mast of the turbine, like a limpid growing on a submarine rock. It will be conveniently located for access above the offshore turbine working platform or above the snowline / public security height above ground for a coastal installation. Modifications to an existing turbine involve tapping the power supply and installing integrated controls to remotely operate the dispersion process. Access to the spray equipment will be via hatches at the base of the housing.
At the base of the offshore turbines, a filtration tank incorporates the filtration equipment and is nested around the circumference of the tower. The tank is located above the sea level for maintenance and has a hinged junction for removal. The coastal turbines will have free standing tank on the ground. Spraying will be triggered when atmospheric conditions are optimal ie. low wind and rainfall, optimal stratocumulus conditions. The downwind airflow of sea salt brine can be omnidirectional from offshore wind turbines however coastal wind turbines need to disperse when off shore breezes are prevalent.
With the proposed modifications, wind turbines are transformed into Negative Emissions Technologies(NETs), while also producing renewable energy, increasing their contribution to the fight against climate change and global warming.
Large offshore wind farms could also cool the surface ocean by albedo modification using microbubbles produced by excess energy generation.
The MCB dispersion process could also be adapted for Iron Salt Aerosol(ISA) using FeCl3 aqueous solution as the medium for removal of methane from the atmosphere. The effects of spraying a sea water solution into the air flow will enhance this cooling effect through the range of direct and indirect processes.
The invention is particularly applicable to stimulate cooling the earth's Arctic region to holt melting of the ice sheet and Greenland Ice Shelf(GIS). The invention will be most valuable in summer when accelerating melting is being witnessed on an annual basis.
Figures 1-2 indicate possible configurations of offshore or coastal wind turbines with submarine/ terrestrial filtration and pumps, controls and multi outlet nozzles for spraying fine salt aerosols.
Dispersion of nebulised MCB sea salts will be achieved by a series of nozzles located around the top of the device. These nozzles will operate selectively to spray in the direction of windflow ie. downwind away from the turbine tower. They are also angled at 45 degrees to spray past the nacelle housing above. The added presence of sea salts in the surrounding air will not affect metal parts corrosion as the turbines are already adequately designed to resist sea salt corrosion.
2021105881
Claims (1)
- ClaimsThis invention does not claim to be unique in terms of the phenomenon of MCB or microbubble cooling but does introduce an application and engineering details which have hitherto not been envisioned. It is based on the premise that rapid deployment of MCB and MSW and will be most expediently actioned by using existing infrastructure. At any given moment there are ,000 merchant ships (and many other naval and cruise ships) crisscrossing the ocean that could assist in this task. The proposition is that the propulsion of a large vessel can provide readily available power to generate both MCB sea salt aerosols and microbubbles by means of a retrievable device that can be towed immediately behind the vessel.Marine cloud brightening and microbubble sea whitening have the potential to moderate hurricanes and El Niio events, alter the gradient of the Indian Ocean dipole, save coral and cool sea water to increase the flow of oxygen to the deep ocean.Increased albedo from these mechanisms will help protect vulnerable places like the Great Barrier Reef from bleaching, save the Arctic and Greenland from accelerating melting and cool tropical waters like the Gulf of Mexico and the Gulfstream and to maintain stability of the primary ocean currents.The device will enhance ocean reflectance that already comes from ship wakes. Ship wakes can already increase reflected sunlight by more than 100% more that the ocean surface but this invention will boost that further and generate microbubbles that will be smaller and last longer than normal cavitation microbubbles in a ship's wake.This invention will 'buy time' for the planet whilst important CDR and emissions reductions are implemented. By scaling up with these technologies, it might be possible to overt a hothouse earth tipping point scenario.Whilst the generation of aerosols and bubbles will currently be by diesel powered ships which are part of the GHG problem, in the drive towards zero carbon, future ships will be powered by hydrogen based fuels which will be more sustainable.The merits of this invention include: 1 .The use of plentiful natural products - sea water No new materials added to the ocean. No energy expended (except scavenging from ships) in generating sea salt aerosols or ocean microbubbles. Future hydrogen powered ships will make primary power source cleaner. The invention mimics and enhances the formation of clouds, particularly stratocumulus clouds, using a natural process. Improved health for coastal communities from increased salt laden sea air. Can be switched off with no long term residual legacy effects. Mature satellite data gathering will enhance effectiveness. Low maintenance and labour to operate. Minimal training to operate. Minimal damage to marine animals and no damage atmosphere. Low cost device with no electronics and few moving parts. Minimal intrusion into normal shipping operations. Vast infrastructure resource(ships) available to deploy. Cool idea - should attract funding and social licence to carry out.Figure 1 Cloud Maker detail section Figure 2 Cloud Maker ship towing arrangement Figure 3 Cloud Maker plan view Figure 4 Typical ship wake Figure 5 Typical marine trafficFigure 1 Cloud Maker detail sectionFigure 2 Cloud Maker ship towing arrangementFigure 3 Cloud Maker plan viewFigure 4 Ship's wakeFigure 5 courtesy Marine Traffic.EDITORIAL NOTE 19 Aug 20212021105881THERE ARE FIVE PAGES OF DRAWINGS ONLY
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021105881A AU2021105881A4 (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Process for generating marine clouds and ocean microbubbles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021105881A AU2021105881A4 (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Process for generating marine clouds and ocean microbubbles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2021105881A4 true AU2021105881A4 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
Family
ID=78177054
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021105881A Ceased AU2021105881A4 (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2021-08-19 | Process for generating marine clouds and ocean microbubbles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2021105881A4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024031205A1 (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2024-02-15 | Gonzalez Varas Rodrigo Javier | A method and application of a model used to increase rainfall and atmospheric humidity in areas selected according to temperature, pressure and relative humidity gradients |
-
2021
- 2021-08-19 AU AU2021105881A patent/AU2021105881A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024031205A1 (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2024-02-15 | Gonzalez Varas Rodrigo Javier | A method and application of a model used to increase rainfall and atmospheric humidity in areas selected according to temperature, pressure and relative humidity gradients |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |