AU2021107294A4 - Wind Turbines for Marine Cloud Brightening Dispersion - Google Patents
Wind Turbines for Marine Cloud Brightening Dispersion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2021107294A4 AU2021107294A4 AU2021107294A AU2021107294A AU2021107294A4 AU 2021107294 A4 AU2021107294 A4 AU 2021107294A4 AU 2021107294 A AU2021107294 A AU 2021107294A AU 2021107294 A AU2021107294 A AU 2021107294A AU 2021107294 A4 AU2021107294 A4 AU 2021107294A4
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- mcb
- dispersion
- sea
- wind
- marine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005436 troposphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
This invention describes a device that can be appended to wind turbines to generate seawater
aerosols for cloud albedo climate cooling using excess energy generation.
This innovation involves the use of an integrated build or retrofit spraying device consisting of
existing technologies (pumps, filters, nebulizers, compressors, tanks and spray diffusers) to
utilise offshore or coastal wind turbines as dispersion devices for Marine Cloud
Brightening(MCB).
Relating narcelle
Tower
MCD plume
MC dispersion
generalor
Sea or ground surface Seawater pipeline
Description
Relating narcelle
Tower
MCD plume
MC dispersion generalor Sea or ground surface Seawater pipeline
2021107294
Description
Wind energy has very short energy payback time, often less than one year, calculated by life cycle assessments. To achieve the warming limits of the Paris agreement, negative emissions technologies (NETs) are needed to augment renewable energies.
This invention involves the conversion or initial installation of devices into offshore wind turbines to disperse Marine Cloud Brightening(MCB). Generating MCB from wind turbines will increase the albedo reflectivity from marine clouds which helps to cool the sea surface, protect coral reefs from bleaching and potentially lower the frequency and intensity of hurricanes. These transformations involve simple modifications to existing or new wind turbines and will not impact the carbon-free electricity generation yield of wind farms.
This can be achieved by only generating MCB plumes at night when off peak demand for wind power is low compared with daily energy demand.The cooling effects generated from night time use of 'surplus' energy could earn carbon credits. Use of night time energy will ensure the performance of the wind turbine is optimised and not compromised from incorporation of this device.
This invention consists of a prefabricated spraying device which filters sea water and with the help of pumps and nebulizers to spray sub micron droplets into the boundary layer. The spraying equipment will be housed in a moulded polymer or similar housing that can be strapped around the mast of the turbine, like a limpid growing on a submarine rock. It will be conveniently located for access above the offshore turbine working platform or above the snowline / public security height above ground for a coastal installation. Modifications to an existing turbine involve tapping the power supply and installing integrated controls to remotely operate the dispersion process. Access to the spray equipment will be via hatches at the base of the housing.
At the base of the offshore turbines, a filtration tank incorporates the filtration equipment and is nested around the circumference of the tower. The tank is located above the sea level for maintenance and has a hinged junction for removal. The coastal turbines will have free standing tank on the ground. Spraying will be triggered when atmospheric conditions are optimal ie. low wind and rainfall, optimal stratocumulus conditions. The downwind airflow of sea salt brine can be omnidirectional from offshore wind turbines however coastal wind turbines need to disperse when off shore breezes are prevalent.
With the proposed modifications, wind turbines are transformed into Negative Emissions Technologies(NETs), while also producing renewable energy, increasing their contribution to the fight against climate change and global warming.
Large offshore wind farms could also cool the surface ocean by albedo modification using microbubbles produced by excess energy generation.
The MCB dispersion process could also be adapted for Iron Salt Aerosol(ISA) using FeCl3 aqueous solution as the medium for removal of methane from the atmosphere. The effects of spraying a sea water solution into the air flow will enhance this cooling effect through the range of direct and indirect processes.
The invention is particularly applicable to stimulate cooling the earth's Arctic region to holt melting of the ice sheet and Greenland Ice Shelf(GIS). The invention will be most valuable in summer when accelerating melting is being witnessed on an annual basis.
Figures 1-2 indicate possible configurations of offshore or coastal wind turbines with submarine/ terrestrial filtration and pumps, controls and multi outlet nozzles for spraying fine salt aerosols.
Dispersion of nebulised MCB sea salts will be achieved by a series of nozzles located around the top of the device. These nozzles will operate selectively to spray in the direction of windflow ie. downwind away from the turbine tower. They are also angled at 45 degrees to spray past the nacelle housing above. The added presence of sea salts in the surrounding air will not affect metal parts corrosion as the turbines are already adequately designed to resist sea salt corrosion.
Claims (1)
- EDITORIAL NOTE2021107294THERE IS ONE PAGE OF CLAIMS ONLYClaimsWhilst the process of MCB has been proposed by others, this invention involves a new innovation in dispersion of MCB from existing or new wind turbine infrastructure. The cost, maintenance, monitoring and reliability of using existing infrastructure will be lower than purpose built vessels or fixed small island or coastal structures. Given that the management of wind farms is a mature industry, MCB dispersion will be facilitated if existing wind farm operators adopt this ancillary role. This invention solves the problem of energy generation for MCB by tapping excess energy. It also capitalises existing wind turbine infrastructure in terms of support, location and climatic security. It is unapologetically parasitic in attaching and 'colonising'the wind power'host' structure. Several publications into the application of MCB have shown that there are substantial polar and planetary cooling benefits, a vital requirement to achieve climate stability.The Paris Agreement calls for limiting global warming below 2°C. Even if deployment of renewable energies accelerates, all the Integrated Assessment Models scenarios developed by the IPCC for these warming targets require the use of negative emissions technologies removing GHGs from the atmosphere.Several technologies have been proposed to cool the Earth surface by increasing its albedo. Marine cloud brightening (MCB) uses an unlimited, natural substance(seawater), is a benign dispersion process and is postulated to locally cool the atmosphere and ocean surface in ways that appear safe and simple. Other studies propose MCB using dedicated ships to spray sea water into the troposphere under the marine boundary layer. If the sea salt aerosols generated by nebulizers have the appropriate size, they will increase the albedo of low altitude clouds, reflecting incoming solar radiation back to space, thus cooling the ocean, potentially weakening hurricanes. The cooling effect is very important and limited amount of Flettner ships can counteract warming from doubled C02 concentration. The amount of sea salt aerosol generated will be over seas and will represent less than 1% of natural sea spray (but the size is different). MCB by Flettner ships as proposed can be fine-tuned, because the ships can move to the better locations and as the MCB is locally emitted it can be adapted to the need to fight hurricanes, or influence el Nino or La Nina effects.The installation of these devices would have an immediate impact on marine cloud enhancement in the Arctic by retrofitting to existing turbines on the northern coast of Norway(Fig.3). For 7 months, from April to November, the wind is mainly from the south which means there is potential to disperse marine cloud brightening (MCB) seawater droplets out over the Arctic Sea when sea ice is melting most rapidly. This location also has a high concentration of stratocumulus clouds(Fig.4) which are best for albedo MCB enhancement. Dispersion from these sites, such as the Havoygavlen Wind Park (Fig.5) would occur at night when grid supply demand is low.EDITORIAL NOTE Aug 20212021107294THERE ARE FIVE PAGES OF DRAWINGS ONLY
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021107294A AU2021107294A4 (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Wind Turbines for Marine Cloud Brightening Dispersion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021107294A AU2021107294A4 (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Wind Turbines for Marine Cloud Brightening Dispersion |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2021107294A4 true AU2021107294A4 (en) | 2021-12-09 |
Family
ID=78868735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021107294A Ceased AU2021107294A4 (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Wind Turbines for Marine Cloud Brightening Dispersion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2021107294A4 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023158301A1 (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-08-24 | Qimarox Patenten B.V. | Wind turbine and a wind park comprising such a wind turbine |
| NL2031011B1 (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-09-05 | Qimarox Patenten B V | Wind turbine and a wind park comprising such a wind turbine |
-
2021
- 2021-08-25 AU AU2021107294A patent/AU2021107294A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023158301A1 (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-08-24 | Qimarox Patenten B.V. | Wind turbine and a wind park comprising such a wind turbine |
| NL2031011B1 (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-09-05 | Qimarox Patenten B V | Wind turbine and a wind park comprising such a wind turbine |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Charlier et al. | Ocean energies: environmental, economic and technological aspects of alternative power sources | |
| AU2021107294A4 (en) | Wind Turbines for Marine Cloud Brightening Dispersion | |
| US7075189B2 (en) | Offshore wind turbine with multiple wind rotors and floating system | |
| US8575775B1 (en) | Electrical power generation system for harvesting underwater currents | |
| US11274648B2 (en) | Pumped storage system with waterfall control subsystem | |
| CN105569928A (en) | Single point mooring type deep sea floating type draught fan | |
| CN101779035A (en) | Apparatus and method for generating electric power from a subsurface water current | |
| WO2003016714A1 (en) | Floating vertical-axis turbine | |
| US11701616B2 (en) | Sorbent emitter for direct air capture of carbon dioxide | |
| US6057606A (en) | Method and system for power generation from humid air | |
| US8097218B1 (en) | System for generating electricity from alternative energy sources located on a floating platform | |
| AU2020100258A4 (en) | Offshore wind turbines as a cooling mechanism for albedo enhancement | |
| AU2021105881A4 (en) | Process for generating marine clouds and ocean microbubbles | |
| WO2016027553A1 (en) | Power generation/consumption system | |
| US7928595B1 (en) | Electric power generation system for harvesting underwater currents | |
| JP2009270491A (en) | Ocean current power generating system in english channel | |
| US20120086208A1 (en) | Environmentally Safe Flowing Water and Air Energy Device With Power Output Optimization | |
| Stuyfzand et al. | Floating, high-capacity desalting islands on renewable multi-energy supply | |
| JP2021533320A (en) | Wind turbines, heat pumps, energy conservation, and heat transfer systems and methods | |
| JP2020023956A (en) | Natural fluid power generator | |
| US9181102B2 (en) | Method for producing crystallized salt and bittern with a system through the evaporation process | |
| JP2013160192A (en) | Power generation method utilizing marine energy multi-functionally with multi-hull power generation barge | |
| JP2006070775A (en) | Method for using wind power generation in barge type platform plant system, electrolyzing seawater and producing hydrogen | |
| AU2023285805A1 (en) | A method to generate marine clouds for albedo cooling using boiled seawater and salt particles | |
| Soerensen et al. | Feasibility and LCA for a Wave Dragon platform with wind turbines |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |