AU2021103545A4 - Method for Land-sea Relay Mariculture of Seriola aureovittata - Google Patents
Method for Land-sea Relay Mariculture of Seriola aureovittata Download PDFInfo
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- 241000893636 Seriola lalandi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N hydrocortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002445 liver protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 116
- 241000276699 Seriola Species 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001596894 Ammodytes personatus Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000269781 Zoarcidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001262617 Japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736081 Scomber Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736084 Scomber japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001441723 Takifugu Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention provides a method for land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola
aureovittata, belonging to the technical field of mariculture. The method comprises
steps of offshore deep-sea cage culture, land-sea relay transportation and
overwintering culture by using a land-based industrialized recirculating culture system.
According to the method provided by the present invention, Seriola aureovittata is
cultured mainly by using deep-sea cages and the land-based industrialized
recirculating culture system, thereby effectively solving the problem of stress-induced
death of cultured fish during land-sea relay transportation, which could attain the year
round rapid growth and timely sales on the market of cultured Seriola aureovittata.
Furthermore, the purpose of regulating the muscle quality of cultured market size fish
by adjusting feed combination and feeding strategies has been achieved.
1/1
FIGURES OF THE SPECIFICATION
FIG. 1
Eight (g)Boy lnt trtmeaue(C
E
0152016 Culture cycle01
Description
1/1
FIG. 1
Eight (g)Boy lnt trtmeaue(C
0152016 Culture cycle01
Method for Land-sea Relay Mariculture of Seriola aureovittata
The present invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture, and
particularly relates to a method for land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola
aureovittata.
The marine fishery in China has entered new era of transformation and
upgrading development. Conservation of offshore fishery resources and
vigorous development of new culture production methods such as open ocean
culture have become the main theme of marine fishery transformation and
restructuring in the new period. In recent years, deep-sea culture platforms
such as deep-sea cages and aquaculture boats have developed rapidly,
providing equipment support for domestic mariculture towards deep sea.
Seriola aureovittata is an oceanic economic fish widely distributing in global
waters and found in coastal areas in China. With large size, quick swimming
and growth, rich nutrition and high economic value, Seriola aureovittata is the
first-class food for making sashimi. Its quality and nutritional value are
comparable to tuna and salmon, and the consumer demands in the domestic
and international markets are great. Culture experiments have proved that
Seriola aureovittata is especially suitable for deep-sea cage culture, which can
provide excellent breeds for the development of new production modes such
as deep-sea culture in China, with broad prospects for development and
application. However, due to low water temperature and long duration in winter
in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea regions of China, cultured Seriola aureovittata
cannot overwinter naturally in offshore cages, and needs to be transported to land-based industrialized culture workshops for overwintering. During the overwintering period, the cultured fish do not grow or even grow negatively in the low temperature period as long as 7 months, resulting in extension of the culture cycle and delayed sales on the market, thus increasing the cost and reducing culture benefits, which is not favorable for the development of the culture industry. In addition, due to fast swimming speed and high stress,
Seriola aureovittata is vulnerable to stress-induced death (the death rate is up
to 30% or more) caused by operational stress during transportation, which has
become a technical problem to be solved urgently during transportation from
offshore cages to land-based workshops.
In order to solve the technical problems, the present invention provides a
method for land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola aureovittata. According to the
method, Seriola aureovittata is cultured mainly by using deep-sea cages and a
land-based industrialized recirculating culture system, thereby effectively
solving the problem of stress-induced death of cultured fish during land-sea
relay transportation, which could attain the year-round rapid growth and timely
sales on the market of cultured Seriola aureovittata. Furthermore, the purpose
of regulating the muscle quality of cultured market size fish by adjusting bait
combination and feeding strategies has been achieved.
The present invention is realized by the following technical solution:
The present invention provides a method for land-sea relay mariculture of
Seriola aureovittata,
the method comprises steps of offshore deep-sea cage culture, land-sea
relay transportation and overwintering culture by using a land-based industrialized recirculating culture system;
1) offshore deep-sea cage culture
wherein offshore deep-sea cage culture refers to culture of Seriola
aureovittata by using deep-sea cages, comprising culture site selection, cage
specification selection, cage arrangement, fingerling selection and stocking,
stocking density regulation, development of bait combination and feeding
strategies and culture management;
the culture site selection refers to selection of deep-sea waters suitable for
putting deep-sea cages;
further, criteria for the culture site selection are as follows: offshore semi
open or open waters that are more than 3 nautical miles away from the shore
base and have a water depth of more than 15 m, and waters with flat seabed
terrain, less stormy waves, smooth tidal current, seawater flow rate less than 1
m/s, and excellent water quality;
the cage specification selection refers to selection of the size, shape and
structure of large deep-sea cages suitable for being put in deep sea;
further, criteria for the cage specification selection are as follows: circular
or square cages of plastic or metal structure; with a size of 10 m x 10 m x 8 m;
or circular cages made of HDPE plastic, with a circumference of more than 50
m;
the cage arrangement comprises layout and combination of cages,
wherein square cages are connected in series and then arranged in parallel,
which is beneficial to the stability of cage combination and flow of water
between the cages; circular cages are distributed at a distance; mooring is
achieved by single point mooring, and a cage deployment area needs to be equipped with an operation platform; the fingerling selection and stocking refers to the sources, specifications and stocking conditions of fingerlings of Seriola aureovittata to be cultured;
Further, the fingerlings are either captured in the wild or artificially
cultivated;
further, the fingerlings can be put into deep-sea cages for culture only when
the size reaches 7-10 cm;
further, the stocking conditions mean that the fingerlings can be put in
waters only when the water temperature is higher than 150 C, and the fingerlings
shall not be put in windy or rainy and foggy weather;
the stocking density regulation refers to regulation of the density according
to the growth of cultured fish during the culture;
further, the stocking density is regulated to 12 fish/m3 when the full length
of fingerlings is 10-15 cm, the density can be regulated to 5-7 fish/m3 when the
full length is 20-30 cm, and the density can be regulated to 3-5 fish/m3 when
the full length is more than 35 cm;
the bait feeding strategy refers to adjustment of bait feeding method and
quantity according to the growth of the cultured fish and weather conditions
during the cage culture;
further, the bait is usually chilled miscellaneous fish or compound feed; in
the early stage of fingerling culture, chilled fish feed shall be used to improve
the survival rate of the cultured fish and promote rapid growth, according to the
growth of fingerlings, chilled fish feed is gradually changed from minced fish to
fish segments and whole fish; when the water temperature is appropriate (20
26 0C), the daily feeding rate of chilled fish is 8%-12% of fish weight or 5-7% of compound feed, the daily feeding rate is gradually adjusted to 6-8% of chilled fish or 3-5% of compound feed with the growth of fish, and the feeding amount is reduced by 60-80% or feeding is stopped in a high temperature period; the fish are kept unfed for 1 d within a week during the culture, and the growth health is regulated based on the principle of starvation metabolism compensation; the bait is fed in the morning and afternoon in small quantities for many times at fixed points; during the culture, different bait combinations of
Ammodytes personatus, Zoarcidae and Scomberjaponicus are selected for
feeding, and the feeding amount and feeding frequency are adjusted
accordingly to control intramuscular fat of the cultured fish, so as to achieve the
purpose of quality control of the cultured fish;
the culture management comprises cage inspection, health assessment of
cultured fish and size sorting;
further, the cage inspection refers to the work of checking whether there is
damage to netting of cages, whether swimming behaviors of the cultured fish
are abnormal, and whether the cultured fish escape or die every day during the
culture;
further, the health assessment of cultured fish refers to periodic detection
of growth hormone, cortisol and blood physiological indexes of the cultured fish
during cage culture to timely assess the health status of the cultured fish and
adjust management measures on this basis; meanwhile, liver protective agents
and multivitamins are used regularly during the culture to enhance the immunity
of the cultured fish; and
further, the size sorting means that differences in individual size are
increasingly apparent with the growth of the cultured fish during the culture, as a result, it is necessary to sort fish of different sizes by using separating screens with different mesh sizes and culture the fish in different cages;
2) land-sea relay transportation
land-sea relay transportation refers to timely transportation of the cultured
fish from offshore cages to a land-based industrialized recirculating culture
workshop for overwintering culture when the seawater temperature drops to
18 0C, and the transportation process comprises steps of selecting land-sea
relay transportation facilities, a relay transportation method, environmental
adaptation and keeping alive;
the step of selecting land-sea relay transportation facilities comprises
selecting a ship, a fish container and a land transport vehicle;
further, the ship is a 10-12 Hp fishing boat to load a fish container;
the fish container is a 1 m 3 square canvas bucket supported by a steel
frame, with a circular water outlet at a side 10 cm away from the top;
the relay transportation method specifically comprises steps of collecting
fish after hauling net of the culture cages, and putting the fish into the canvas
bucket by using a mechanical boom installed on the boat and a capture tuck
net or a scoop net; the stocking density is 300 fish/bucket, 100 fish/bucket and
fish/bucket for fish with a full length of 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm and more than
cm respectively according to different fish sizes and different number of
stocked fish; during the transportation, water is kept flowing in the oxygenated
buckets, the transportation time is controlled within 3 h, and the survival rate
during the transportation is higher than 98%; after the ship docks, the canvas
bucket is integrally lifted by a lifting device fixed on the shore, placed on a land
transportation vehicle, and transported to a culture workshop; the environmental adaptation and keeping alive mean that water in the canvas bucket is seawater from culture waters, and the water temperature is kept at 180 C for 1-2 d without feeding after the cultured fish are transferred to indoor cement ponds, and the cultured fish are fed after swimming normally; and then the culture water temperature is slowly raised to 200 C for culture;
3) overwintering culture by using land-based industrialized recirculating
water
overwintering culture by using land-based industrialized recirculating water
refers to the process of overwintering, keeping alive and sustained culture of
Seriola aureovittata by using an indoor industrialized recirculating culture
system, comprising steps of facility conditions for the recirculating culture
system, culture system preparation, culture condition control, stocking density
regulation, bait feeding strategy and culture management;
the facility conditions for the recirculating culture system comprises a
recirculating culture system and culture ponds; the recirculating culture system
comprises a microfilter, a water pump, a protein separator, a biofilter, a
temperature controller, an oxygenator and a UV sterilizer; each of the culture
ponds is a round or hexagonal brick-concrete structure, with 50-100 m 3 of
culture water and a pond depth of 2-2.5 m;
the culture system preparation means that the recirculating culture system
starts to run at no load 1 month before the cultured fish are transferred ashore
to promote the integration of components of the recirculating culture system
and adjust water quality in the recirculating culture system to the best state;
the culture condition control refers to regulation of water quality parameters
of the recirculating culture system to the best state, including water temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, wherein the water temperature is 18-20 0C, the dissolved oxygen is greater than 8 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.1 mg/L, and the nitrite is less than 0.2 mg/L; the stocking density regulation is to control the stocking density at 15 kg/M 3; the bait feeding strategy refers to the bait type, feeding amount and feeding method during industrialized recirculating culture, the bait used is a dry compound feed, the feeding amount is 1-3% of the body weight according to the culture water quality, and the fish are fed at fixed points, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, until feed is observed to sink to the bottom of the culture ponds; and the fish are kept unfed for 1 d within a week during overwintering culture; the culture management comprises steps of observation of swimming behaviors of fish, health assessment, water exchange regulation and information management; further, the observation of swimming behaviors of fish means that the culture ponds shall be inspected regularly in the morning, afternoon and evening every day to observe whether there is abnormal swimming of the fish; further, the health assessment refers to periodic detection of growth hormone, cortisol and blood physiological indexes of the cultured fish to timely assess the health status of the cultured fish; meanwhile, nutrients such as liver protective agents and multivitamins are regularly added to the bait during the culture to enhance the immunity of the cultured fish; further, the water exchange regulation refers to real-time regulation of water exchange capacity in the culture ponds according to the growth metabolism or feeding of the cultured fish to promote growth of the fish during the culture; further, the information management refers to real-time observation of changes in water quality parameters of the culture ponds and swimming of the fish by using an online water quality monitoring system.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following
advantageous effects:
(1) The present invention provides a method for land-sea relay mariculture
of Seriola aureovittata, which overcomes the defect that Seriola aureovittata
cannot overwinter naturally in offshore cages while realizing continuous growth
of cultured fish during indoor overwintering, thereby increasing the weight of
market size fish (up to 3 kg/fish) by more than one time (up to 6 kg/fish or more)
in a two-year growth cycle under a conventional culture method, and greatly
improving the culture efficiency and yield.
(2) According to the method for land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola
aureovittata provided by the present invention, combined measures of
mechanized operation, transportation in oxygenated canvas bucket with flowing
water, and density control are taken in the land-sea transport, so that the
transportation handling stress of cultured fish is effectively reduced, and the
survival rate during the land-sea transportation is higher than 98%.
(3) According to the method for land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola
aureovittata provided by the present invention, the purpose of regulating
intramuscular fat of the cultured fish can be achieved by adjusting different bait
combination and feeding strategies under different culture methods, thereby
improving the quality of the cultured market size fish.
FIG. 1 shows offshore deep-sea cage culture of Seriola aureovittata.
FIG. 2 shows land-based industrialized recirculating culture of Seriola
aureovittata.
FIG. 3 shows a growth curve of Seriola aureovittata in land-sea relay
mariculture.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with
reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the protection
scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments in any form.
Example: Land-sea relay mariculture technology for Seriola aureovittata
From 2015 to 2017, a test on land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola
aureovittata was carried out by Dalian Fugu Foods Co., Ltd., mainly comprising
3 steps: offshore deep-sea cage culture, land-sea relay transportation and
overwintering culture by using a land-based industrialized recirculating culture
system.
1. Offshore deep-sea cage culture, comprising culture site selection, cage
specification and arrangement, fingerling selection and stocking, stocking
density regulation, bait combination and feeding strategies and culture
management;
culture site selection: waters around Jiuwang Island, Zhuanghe, Dalian,
Liaoning. The waters are surrounded by islands on three sides, 10 nautical
miles away from the shore base, with a water depth of 17 m, flat seabed terrain,
less stormy waves, circulating tidal current (the seawater flow rate is about 0.5
m/s), and excellent water quality, therefore, the waters are suitable for putting
large deep-sea cages, as shown in FIG. 1.
Cage specification: the cages used were of metal structure, square (10 m
x 10 m x 8 m), along the current direction. Every 10 culture cages were
connected in series in a group, and two groups were arranged in parallel by a
pontoon type connecting device (5 m long and 2 m wide) and an operation
platform (5 m long and 3 m wide). Or circular cages made of HDPE plastic, with
a circumference of more than 50 m. Circular cages were distributed at a
distance; and mooring was achieved by single point mooring.
Fingerling selection and stocking: fingerlings of Seriola aureovittata for
culture were captured from the Yellow Sea in July, 2015, with a full length of 7
cm. The captured fingerlings were screened by sizes and then put into deep
sea cages for culture, with a mesh size of 2.5 cm. The seawater temperature
for fingerling stocking was 200 C.
Stocking density regulation: fingerlings with a full length of 7-10 cm were
put into cages for culture by 15 fish/m 3, the density was regulated with the
growth of the fingerlings, the stocking density was regulated to 12 fish/m3 when
the full length of the fingerlings was 10-15 cm, the density was regulated to 6
fish/m3 when the full length was 20-30 cm, and the density was regulated to 4
fish/m3 when the full length was more than 35 cm.
Bait combination and feeding strategies: the fed bait was chilled
Ammodytes personatus. When the fingerlings were initially cultured in cages,
chilled miscellaneous fish were converted into minced fish by a crusher. With
the growth of the fish, fish segments were fed when the fulllength of the cultured
fish was more than 15 cm, and the whole Ammodytes personatus was fed when
the full length was more than 20 cm. When the water temperature was
appropriate (20-26 0C), the daily feeding rate of chilled fish was 8%-10% of fish weight, and the feeding rate was 5% when a compound feed was properly fed.
The feeding amount was reduced by 60-80% in a high temperature period, and
feeding was stopped when the water temperature was 280 C. The bait was fed
in the morning and afternoon, 2-3 times in the morning and 1-2 times in the
afternoon, at a fixed point at the edge of each cage. The fish were generally
kept unfed for 1 d within a week during the culture. During the culture,
intramuscular fat of the cultured fish was regulated to approximately 9% by
different bait combination (Ammodytes personatus, Zoarcidae and Scomber
japonicas) and feeding strategies (adjustment of feeding amount and feeding
frequency), so as to regulate the muscle quality of cultured market size fish to
the best.
Culture management: the cages were checked every day for any damage
and whether swimming behaviors of the cultured fish were abnormal and
whether there were dead fish during the culture. The netting was replaced every
-20 d with the growth of the fish during the culture to keep water flowing in
the cages and keep the netting clean. In addition, individual differences were
increasingly apparent with the growth of the cultured fish, fish of different sizes
were sorted every 15-20 d and put in different cages for separate culture. During
the culture, the growth hormone, cortisol and blood physiological indexes of the
cultured fish were detected once a month to timely assess the health status of
the cultured fish and adjust management measures on this basis; meanwhile,
nutrients such as liver protective agents and multivitamins were regularly added
to the bait during the culture to enhance the immunity of the cultured fish and
improve the health level.
2. Land-sea relay transportation
In late October 2015, the cultured fish were transported from the cages to
a land-based industrialized recirculating culture workshop for overwintering
culture when the seawater temperature dropped to 180 C.
The land-sea relay transportation facilities used comprise a ship, a fish
container and a land transport vehicle; the ship was a 12 Hp fishing boat; and
the fish container is a 1 m 3 square canvas bucket supported by a steel frame,
with a circular water outlet at a side 10 cm away from the top.
Fish were collected after hauling net of the culture cages, and put into the
canvas bucket by using a mechanical boom installed on the boat and a capture
tuck net or a scoop net; the stocking density was 300 fish/bucket, 100
fish/bucket and 20 fish/bucket for fish with a full length of 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm
and more than 40 cm respectively according to different fish sizes and different
number of stocked fish. During the transportation, seawater was pumped by a
water pump to keep water flowing in the oxygenated buckets, the seawater
transportation time was 1.5 h, and the survival rate during the transportation
was up to 100%. After the fishing boat docks, the canvas bucket was integrally
lifted by a lifting device fixed on the shore, placed on a land transportation
vehicle, and transported to a culture workshop. The transportation time was 1
h, and the survival rate during the transportation was 100%. After arriving at the
culture workshop, the fish were transferred to cement ponds by using a scoop
net. The water temperature was kept at 180 C for 1-2 d without feeding after the
cultured fish were transferred to the indoor cement ponds, and the cultured fish
were fed after swimming normally; and then the culture water temperature was
slowly raised to 200 C for culture.
3. Overwintering culture by using a land-based industrialized recirculating culture system
Land-based industrialized recirculating culture facilities comprise a
recirculating culture system and culture ponds, as shown in FIG. 2, the
recirculating culture system comprises a microfilter, a water pump, a protein
separator, a biofilter, a temperature controller, an oxygenator and a UV sterilizer;
each of the culture ponds is a round brick-concrete structure, with 100 m 3 of
culture water, a pond depth of 2.5 m and a culture water depth of 2 m.
The industrialized recirculating culture system started to run at no load 1
month before the cultured fish were transferred ashore to promote the
integration of components of the system, regulate the water transfer function of
the biofilter and adjust water quality in the system to the best state. Culture
water quality: the water temperature was 18-200 C, the dissolved oxygen was
greater than 8 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen was less than 0.1 mg/L, and the
nitrite was less than 0.2 mg/L.
The fish were stocked at a stocking density of 15 kg/m 3 . The bait used
during the culture using the industrialized recirculating culture system was a dry
compound feed, the feeding amount was 1-3% of the body weight, and the fish
were fed at fixed points, once at 8:00 a.m. and once at 16:00 p.m., until feed
was observed to sink to the bottom of the culture ponds; and the fish were kept
unfed every Saturday during overwintering culture.
During overwintering culture by using an industrialized recirculating culture
system, the culture ponds should be inspected regularly in the morning,
afternoon and evening every day to observe whether there was abnormal
swimming of the fish. The growth hormone, cortisol and blood physiological
indexes of the cultured fish were periodically detected every 15 d to periodically assess the health status of the cultured fish; meanwhile, nutrients such as liver protective agents and multivitamins were regularly added to the bait during the culture to enhance the immunity of the cultured fish. During the culture, water exchange capacity in the culture ponds was regulated in real time according to the growth metabolism or feeding of the cultured fish to promote growth of the fish during the culture; and meanwhile, changes in water quality parameters of the culture ponds and swimming of the fish were observed in real time by using an online water quality monitoring system.
4. Culture results
From July 2015 to October 2017, fingerlings of Seriola aureovittata grew
from 30-50 g/fish (July 2015) to 5-6 kg/fish (October 2017) by "deep-sea cages
+ industrialized recirculating culture system" land-sea relay mariculture, as
shown in FIG. 3. The fish grew rapidly during the culture, the intramuscular fat
was controlled at approximately 9%, and the content of protein, amino acids
and minerals was consistent with that of wild fish, indicating that land-sea relay
mariculture had good growth effects.
Claims (8)
1. A method for land-sea relay mariculture of Seriola aureovittata,
characterized by comprising steps of offshore deep-sea cage, land-sea relay
transportation and overwintering by using a land-based industrialized
recirculating system;
1) offshore deep-sea cage
wherein offshore deep-sea cage refers to observation of Seriola
aureovittata by using deep-sea cages, comprising site selection, cage
specification selection, cage arrangement, stocking density regulation,
development of bait combination and feeding strategies and management;
the site selection refers to selection of deep-sea waters suitable for putting
deep-sea cages;
the cage specification selection refers to selection of the size, shape and
structure of large deep-sea cages suitable for being put in deep sea;
the cage arrangement comprises layout and combination of cages,
wherein square cages are connected in series and then arranged in parallel,
which is beneficial to the stability of cage combination and flow of water
between the cages; circular cages are distributed at a distance; mooring is
achieved by single point mooring, and a cage deployment area needs to be
equipped with an operation platform;
the stocking density regulation refers to regulation of the density;
2) land-sea relay transportation
land-sea relay transportation refers to timely transportation of the fish from
offshore cages to a land-based industrialized recirculating culture workshop for overwintering when the seawater temperature drops to 18 0C, and the transportation process comprises steps of selecting land-sea relay transportation facilities, a relay transportation method, environmental adaptation and keeping alive; the step of selecting land-sea relay transportation facilities comprises selecting a ship, a fish container and a land transport vehicle; 3 the fish container is a 1 m square canvas bucket supported by a steel frame, with a circular water outlet at a side 10 cm away from the top; the relay transportation method comprises steps of collecting fish after hauling net of the culture cages, and putting the fish into the canvas bucket by using a mechanical boom installed on the boat and a capture tuck net or a scoop net, the environmental adaptation and keeping alive mean that water in the canvas bucket is seawater, and the water temperature is kept at 180 C for 1-2 d without feeding after the observed fish are transferred to indoor cement ponds,
3) overwintering by using a land-based industrialized recirculating system
overwintering by using land-based industrialized recirculating water refers
to the process of overwintering, keeping alive Seriola aureovittata by using an
indoor industrialized recirculating system, comprising steps of selection of
facilities for the recirculatingsystem.
the selection of facilities for the recirculating system comprises a
recirculating system and ponds.
2. The method for land-sea relay of Seriola aureovittata according to
claim 1, characterized in that fingerlings of Seriola aureovittata are with a stocking size of 7-10 cm, the fingerlings can be put in waters only when the water temperature is higher than 15 0C, and the fingerlings shall not be put in windy or rainy and foggy weather.
3. The method for land-sea relay of Seriola aureovittata according to claim
1, characterized in that the stocking density is regulated to 12 fish/m3 when the
full length of fingerlings is 10-15 cm in the offshore deep-sea cage culture, the
density can be regulated to 5-7 fish/m3 when the full length is 20-30 cm, and
the density can be regulated to 3-5 fish/m3 when the full length is more than 35
cm.
4. The method for land-sea relayof Seriola aureovittata according to claim
1, characterized in that the cage inspection refers to the work of checking
whether there is damage to netting of cages, whether swimming behaviors of
the fish are abnormal, and whether the fish escape or die every day;
the health assessment offish refers to periodic detection of growth
hormone, cortisol and blood physiological indexes of the fish during cage to
timely assess the health status of the fish; and
the size sorting means that differences in individual size are increasingly
apparent with the growth of the fish, as a result, it is necessary to sort fish of
different sizes by using sorting screens with different mesh sizes and the fish in
different cages.
5. The method for land-sea relay of Seriola aureovittata according to claim
1, characterized in that during land-sea relay transportation, the stocking
density is 300 fish/bucket, 100 fish/bucket and 20 fish/bucket for fish with a full
length of 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm and more than 40 cm respectively according to different fish sizes and different number of stocked fish; during the transportation, water is kept flowing in the oxygenated buckets, and the transportation time is controlled within 3 h; after the ship docks, the canvas bucket is integrally lifted by a lifting device fixed on the shore, placed on a land transportation vehicle, and transported to the indoor industrialized recirculating system.
6. The method for land-sea relay of Seriola aureovittata according to claim
1, characterized in that the health assessment refers to periodic detection of
the growth hormone, cortisol and blood physiological indexes of the fish,
periodic assessment of the health status of the fish, and regular addition of
nutrients including liver protective agents and multivitamins to the bait during
the culture to enhance the immunity of the fish.
7. The method for land-sea relay of Seriola aureovittata according to claim
1, characterized in that the water exchange regulation in the overwintering by
using a land-based industrialized recirculating system refers to real-time
regulation of water exchange capacity in the ponds according to the growth
metabolism or feeding of the fish to promote growth of the fish..
8. The method for land-sea relay of Seriola aureovittata according to claim
1, characterized in that the information management in the overwintering
conservation by using a land-based industrialized recirculating system refers to
real-time observation of changes in water quality parameters of the ponds and
swimming of the fish by using an online water quality monitoring system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| AU2021103545A AU2021103545A4 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Method for Land-sea Relay Mariculture of Seriola aureovittata |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021103545A AU2021103545A4 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Method for Land-sea Relay Mariculture of Seriola aureovittata |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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Family
ID=77274259
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| AU2021103545A Ceased AU2021103545A4 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Method for Land-sea Relay Mariculture of Seriola aureovittata |
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| Country | Link |
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2021
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