AU2021103039A4 - an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers - Google Patents
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Abstract
Disclosed is an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of
lakes and rivers, comprising a first analysis result from analysis of physical features,
hydrological characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade
reservoirs; a second analysis result can be derived from analysis towards ecological
needs of lakes and rivers; dispatch model can be established according to the first and
second results; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch
model to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers; said model can reduce negative
influences like hydrological connections weakening, water process temperature
disorder and so on problems caused by the construction and operation of water
conservancy projects, thus can restore ecological functions of complex ecosystem of
the lakes and rivers.
1
Description
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of ecosystem, in particular to an
ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers.
[0002] River-lake complex ecosystem is one of the most important and representative
ecosystems in river ecosystem; generally located in the middle and lower reaches of
the river, said ecosystem has important ecological significance for the completion of
life history of migratory fish in the river and lake; said ecosystem provides shelter for
young fish to support their growth and development; said ecosystem also provide
shelter for adult fish during winter season.
[0003] nowadays, many upper reaches of rivers are occupied and blocked due to
needs of hydropower development, resulting in water and sediment reduction in the
middle and lower reaches, and serious interference to material flow, species and
information flow.
[0004] Due to above mentioned reason, this invention discloses an ecological dispatch
method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers.
[0005] With intention to solve technical issues mentioned above, disclosed invention
can be realized as below:
[0006] Disclosed is an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex
ecosystem of lakes and rivers herein:
[0007] The first result can be derived from analysis of physical features, hydrological
characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade reservoirs;
[0008] The second analysis result can be derived from analysis towards ecological
needs of lakes and rivers;
[0009] Dispatch model can be established according to the first and second results; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch model to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers.
[0010] Preferred, said physical features of rivers comprises information of water level, flow rate and temperature.
[0011] Preferred, said characteristics of cascade reservoirs comprises information of reservoir type, water level, storage capacity and dispatch method.
[0012] Preferred, said characteristics of lake comprises information of upper reaches of lakes and rivers, connection information of source and main stream of lakes and rivers, information of lake basin and water passing time.
[0013] Preferred, said ecological needs of lakes and rivers comprises needs to satisfy water level, flow volume and rate as well as temperature of lakes and rivers.
[0014] Preferred, dispatch model established according to the first and second results can be realized through detailed steps listed herein:
[0015] Establish an online automatic monitoring system for water level, flow rate and water temperature and a joint dispatch information center for rivers and lakes; automatically upload warning information to said joint dispatch information center when the coastal zone vegetation inundation depth is less than 10cm, the flow velocity of the waterway area and the upstream tributary estuary area of the lake is less than 0.1m/s, and the waterway area as well as the upstream tributary estuary area of the lake are less than 5% of the average flow; said joint dispatching information center can start a dispatch plan.
[0016] Preferred, said dispatch model include long-distance one-dimensional water flow-temperature model:
[0017] Continuity equation:
Q+ B az q ax at
[0018] (1) Momentum equation:
OQ Q2 aZ 2Q OQ Q 2 OA gn 2Q Q Qq + gA-Bi +-- =- -_ 4 3 at A2 )x A xA2 Ox AR / A
[0019] (2) Water temperature equation:
(AT)= aAE (QT )+
" at ax ( x aX PC
[0020] (3) Note: Z refers to water level; Q refers to flow, m3/s; o refers to river
bottom slope; B refers to width of water surface, m; A refers to water cross section
area, m2; R refers to hydraulic radius, R= A/, X refers to wetted perimeter;
n refers to comprehensive manning roughness coefficient, including frictional drag
and local resistance, i.e. ; 0.036 2/dU;when the section is h u2 / 2g, ,= 1/ 2(1- A,/A 2 ) 2 contracted, local head loss is , when the section is
enlarged, local head loss is h 1 =5KU2 /2g, =1/2(1-A 2 /A,) 2 ; g refers to
gravitational acceleration, m/s2; q refers to lateral inflow per unit length of river,
inflow is positive, outflow is negative, m2/s; Iz refers to changes of area A
along the flow when the water level is constant; T refers to average water
temperature of cross section, °C; En refers to heat absorption of water body per unit
area, B refers to width of water surface, m; P refers to water density, kg/3 J9C;Erfrst ifso kg/rn Cp refers to specific heat capacity of water, g°C;Ereferstodiffusion coefficient.
[0021] Preferred, said continuity equation and momentum equation are discretized
using Preissman's four-point implicit difference scheme.
[0022] Preferred, said dispatch model also includes vertical two-dimensional water
flow and temperature model;
- =-P(T-T,)=-PAT
[0023] (1) State equation Ps (18)
[0024] Note: 3 [1/°C ] refers to isobaric expansion coefficient; P [kg/m3] refers to
density; T[C ] refers to temperature; P s and Ts refer to density and temperature of
reference state;
[0025] (2) Hydrodynamic equation
[0026] (3) Temperature equation
(BT)+u C(BT)+w C(BT)= ax Bv, aT Bv, zT IBapz C t ax Cz 8x UT 8x Cz a Tz pC, Cz (25)
[0027] Note: 'T refers to temperature Prandtl number, take 0.9; Cp [J/kg(°C] refers
to heat capacity of water; Cz[W/m2] refers to solar radiant flux through the z-plane.
[0028] (4) Boundary conditions
[0029] Use real-time backwater temperature as water temperature at the inlet
boundary; velocity is assumed to be uniform velocity; k and e can be approximated
by the inflow velocity respectively;
k = 0.00375uo e=k" /(0.4H0 ) (26)
[0030] Note: HO [m] refers to water depth at entrance.
[0031] Preferred, use finite volume method and hybrid format to discretize differential
equations; SIMPLE algorithm is used to solve difference equations, and the staggered
grid is used to avoid checkerboard uneven pressure fields; staggered grids are used to
avoid checkerboard uneven pressure field.
[0032] Disclosed is an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex
ecosystem of lakes and rivers, comprising a first analysis module; said first module
includes the first analysis result from analysis of physical features, hydrological
characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade reservoirs; a second
analysis module; the second analysis result can be derived from analysis towards
ecological needs of lakes and rivers; dispatch model can be established according to
the first and second results; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological
dispatch to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers;
[0033] At least one of the above-mentioned technical schemes adopted by the
embodiment of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:
[0034] Said invention provides joint dispatch to cascade reservoirs in the upper
reaches of the rivers and give analysis of physical features, hydrological
characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade reservoirs; dispatch
model is established through analysis of ecological needs of target lakes and rivers; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers; said model can reduce negative influences like hydrological connections weakening, water process temperature disorder and so on problems caused by the construction and operation of water conservancy projects, thus can restore ecological functions of complex ecosystem of the lakes and rivers.
[0035] Drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of this invention and constitute as part of the invention; exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this invention are used to explain and do not constitute as an improper limitation of this invention.
[0036] FIG.1 refers to process diagram of an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers;
[0037] FIG. 2 refers to structural diagram of the FIG. 1
[0038] Detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be illustrated with specific embodiments and drawings to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention better indicated; embodiments indicated will remain part of this invention rather than the whole part; based on the embodiments in this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
[0039] Detailed technical description of the preferred embodiments will be illustrated with drawings.
[0040] FIG.1 refers to process diagram of an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers; execution body of said process can be application server or client.
[0041] Steps of said process are listed as the FIG. 1:
[0042] Step 110: said first analysis result can be derived from analysis of physical
features, hydrological characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade reservoirs.
[0043] Said physical features of rivers comprises information of water level, flow rate and temperature; said physical features can be obtained by consulting real-time hydrological information, hydrological annual report and on-site monitoring.
[0044] Said characteristics of cascade reservoirs comprises information of reservoir type, water level, storage capacity and dispatch method; said information can be obtained by public information and annual report of the reservoir; Google earth software can also provide relevant information in combination with on-site surveys and other methods; on-site surveys can use drones to observe information such as hydraulic structure and navigation channels.
[0045] Said characteristics of lake comprises information of upper reaches of lakes and rivers, connection information of source and main stream of lakes and rivers, information of lake basin and water passing time; said characteristics can be obtained by consulting of the water conservancy census information database; Google earth software can also provide relevant information in combination with on-site surveys and other methods; on-site surveys can use drones to observe information such as information on rivers, coastal zones, etc.
[0046] Analysis of said characteristics of the river system comprises relationship of the source, main stream and tributary.
[0047] Step 120: said second analysis result can be derived from analysis of analysis towards ecological needs of lakes and rivers.
[0048] Analysis of said ecological needs of lakes and rivers can be can be based on ecological, temporal and spatial significance to satisfy certain water level, flow volume and rate as well as temperature of lakes and rivers for the survival and reproduction of the hydrobios.
[0049] Step 130: dispatch model can be established according to the first and second results; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers.
[0050] Set up dispatch model to calculate the capacity of incoming water, as well as
the capacity, water passing time and water outlet time of the lakes and rivers; said
model can satisfy requirements of water level, flow volume and rate as well as
temperature of lakes and rivers.
[0051] Requirement about water level is mainly concerned with the coastal zone of
lakes and rivers, where the depth of vegetation submergence in said zone is no more
than 50cm and time is less than 15 days; fluctuations in water level plays significant
role in the key life stages of wet plants, fish spawning and nursery as well as bird
foraging during the fish breeding season(April-July) and winter season for the
migratory birds(November-February).
[0052] Requirements about flow mainly focus on river channel area and the upstream
tributary estuary area; said areas are biological channel for fish to enter and exit the
lakes; flow of said area should not be 30% less than average flow of same period;
breeding period(April to July) should not be 50% less than average flow of same
period.
[0053] Requirements for velocity mainly focus on the river-passage waterway area
and the tributary estuary area of the upper reaches of the lakes; said areas are
biological channel for migratory fish to enter and exit the lakes; velocity of said lakes
should not be less than 0.5m/s.
[0054] Said dispatch model can be established according to the first and second
results; detailed herein: establish online automatic monitoring system for water level,
flow rate and water temperature as well as a joint dispatch information center for
rivers and lakes.
[0055] Automatically upload warning information to said joint dispatch information
center when the coastal zone vegetation inundation depth is less than 10cm, the flow
velocity of the waterway area and the upstream tributary estuary area of the lake is
less than 0.1m/s, and the waterway area as well as the upstream tributary estuary area
of the lake are less than 5% of the average flow; said joint dispatch information center
can start a dispatch plan;
[0056] Said online monitoring system: set one system to waterway area and the
upstream and tributary estuary area of the lakes; set one system to each cascade
reservoir respectively; set 3-4 sub-systems to monitor water level, velocity and
temperature in coastal areas of lakes and rivers; daily monitored information can be
uploaded to said dispatch center.
[0057] Said joint dispatch information center: responsible for collecting online
monitoring system information, formulating dispatch plans according to different
scenarios, contacting water conservancy authorities, and cascade reservoirs to start or
stop joint dispatch, and analyzing the effects of water level, flow rate and water
temperature in the lake area after dispatch, and optimizing dispatch programs for
different scenarios.
[0058] Dispatch model includes models as below:
[0059] I. Lake physical habitat model
[0060] Analyze cumulative impact of upstream cascade development to suitable
habitats for hydrobios in lakes and rivers; a physical habitat model for hydrobios is
needed to be established; said physical habitat model is based on the two-dimensional
hydrodynamic model, combined with the suitable habitat conditions of fish, and
intuitively reflects the degree and scope of the study's preference for the
environmental variables of the habitat; therefore, the key to this part of the study is to
establish a planar two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and to solve the model with
a suitable calculation method.
[0061] 1. Planar two-dimensional hydrodynamic model
[0062] For a large-scale free surface flow on a plane or a shallow water flow with a
small vertical velocity, the N-S equation usually introduces the assumptions of
hydrostatic pressure distribution and uniform distribution of physical quantities along
the vertical direction, and integrates along the depth direction to simplify the equation;
two-dimensional shallow water equation is the simplified equation:
aU OEadv aGadv OEdiff aGdiff -_+ + + + =S at ax ay Ox Oy (27)
[0063] In the equation, U is conserved vector; OEads and OGas are convection
vectors of directions of x and y; E iff and G diff are turbulent diffusion flux vectors
of directions of x and y; S is source term vector, which is composed of the bottom
slope term S 0 , friction term ', wind stress, and geostrophic Coriolis force
h hu hv U= hu ,Eaa= hu2+I gh2 G d= huv 12 hvj huv ] hv2 + gh2 2]
0 0 dif u dif u Ov Ediff= 2hy, ax ,Gd"f= hy,(U+ ay U) ax hy( + av) 2 hytav ay ax 'y j
0 T-0 T_ S =so+So +S +Sc -gh Oj + +h
-gh~b rWV-rfI (vj h i(28)
[0064] In the equation, h refers to average water depth; u and v are flow velocity of
directions of x and y; g refers to acceleration of gravity; f =2wsin( is Coriolis
coefficient, O and (0 are the rotation angular velocity and latitude of the earth,
S S respectively; ox and °y are bottom slope terms of directions of x and y:
Ob(x,y) Ob(x,y) ax ay (29)
[0065] Calculation method of the turbulent viscosity coefficient 7t includes taking
the constant value, algebraic closed model and k - - turbulence model; considering
the requirements of computational complexity and simulation accuracy, this paper uses the following algebraic relationship to calculate the turbulence viscosity coefficient:
y,=aku.h (30)
[0066] In the equation, a is scale factor, usually takes 0.2; 0 is taken when the model does not consider turbulence diffusion; k refers to von Karman coefficient,
takes 0.4; u* refers to shear flow rate of bed surface:
gn 2 (u2 v 2 1/3 * h3 (31)
[0067] J and r-' are river bottom resistances of directions of x and y: 2 2 2V 2 nuu2+v2 nvu2+v2 h 1h (32)
[0068] In the equation, n refers to riverbed roughness rate, which is related to the underlying surface conditions such as topography, surface roughness, vegetation coverage, etc.; Manning coefficient value is generally given in combination with experience.
[0069] WX and W' are wind stress of directions of x and y:
PCDxx
[0070] In the equation, P, refers to air density; CD refers to win drag coefficient;
1) and or are wind velocity at 10 meters on the water surface respectively.
[0071] 2. Habitat assessment model
[0072] (1) Habitat Suitability Index (HSI)
[0073] Habitat suitability index (HSI) can effectively indicate the biological behavior of a species ' response to environmental changes as a quantitative value, which intuitively reflects the species' preference and range of habitat environmental variables.
[0074] Habitat suitability index uses a value between 0 and 1 to indicate the influence of factors such as water depth, flow rate, and water temperature on the target species; 1 refers to the most suitable value to target species, while 0 refers to the most unsuitable value; said value is obtained through the habitat suitability standard; habitat suitability standards can link the target species' biological behavior selection information on the physical environment with the environmental variables of the physical habitat, and quantify the impact of changes in flow caused by water conservancy projects on the habitat environment; project assumes that flow velocity and water depth have the same influence, and that the change in habitat suitability is the result of the combined effects of various factors; product method is used to calculate the combined suitability factor; said calculation method of the combination suitability factor is as follows: CSFi=HSI(Hi) X HSI(Vi), (38)
[0075] In the equation, HSI(Hi) and HSI(Vi) respectively indicate the suitability of fish to the water depth and velocity; suitability curve can be established based on actual measurement analysis and model inversion; this paper uses the habitat suitability curve to evaluate the suitability value and comprehensive value of each factor of the habitat, and converts the hydrodynamic parameter value obtained by hydrodynamic simulation into the suitability value of each evaluation factor, and finally evaluates the suitability of the habitat; WIJA (Weighted Usable Area) is achieved based on said calculation.
[0076] (2) Weighted usable area (WUA)
WUA = ] CSFi * Ai (39)
[0077] In the equation, WUA refers to weighted usable area; CSFi refers to comprehensive suitability value of the habitat of the evaluation index of each calculation grid unit; Ai refers to projected area of each evaluation unit on the horizontal plane.
[0078] II. Upstream river flow-water temperature model
[0079] 1. Long-distance one-dimensional water flow-water temperature model
[0080] Governing equation
[0081] Continuity equation:
aQ az +B =q ax at (1)
[0082] Momentum equation:
aQK + gA-B Q2 aZ + 2Q OQ Q 2 aOA gn 2Q JQJ Qq at y 2 A )Ox Aax 2 Ox AR 4 3 / A (2)
[0083] Water temperature equation:
a(AT)= a AE aTj (QT)+ B" at X pCpx )x
[0084] In the equation, Z refers to water level; Qrefers to flow, m3/s; H refers
to water depth; SO refers to river bottom slope; B refers to width of water surface,
m; A refers to water cross section area, m2; R refers to hydraulic radius,
X refers to wetted perimeter; n refers to comprehensive manning roughness
coefficient, including frictional drag and local resistance, nn + n. =0.036+ R 2is _hWdxl i.e. n3 ; when the section is contracted, local head
loss h=u2 /2g,= 1/2(1-A/ A 2 )2 , when the section is enlarged, local head
loss is h = xu 2 /2g, 2(l-A 2 A) 1=2 ; 9 refers to gravitational acceleration, m/s2; q refers to lateral inflow per unit length of river, inflow is positive, outflow is
negative, m2/s; 'A refers to changes of area A along the flow when the water
level is constant; T refers to average water temperature of cross section, °C
W/ 9nrefers to heat absorption of water body per unit area, /m ; B refers to width of
water surface, m; P refers to water density, kg/M 3 C refers to specific heat
capacity of water, kgC ; E refers to diffusion coefficient.
[0085] Calculation of water surface heat exchange includes four aspects: net solar short-wave radiation value, net long-wave radiation value, evaporation value and
conduction value; heat flux entering the water body through the water surface is listed herein:
9 9n+ a - b 9 9 (4)
[0086] (1)Net solar short-wave radiation value
ywn= P,( 7 (5)
[0087] In the equation, s refers to total solar radiation reaching to the ground;
7 (=0.1) refers to water surface reflectivity; 8 (=0.65) refers to surface absorption
coefficient of solar radiation; solar radiation passing through the water body decays exponentially along the depth direction:
Ps = (1- y)(1- #)p, exp(-i. H)
[0088] In the equation, H refers to water depth; 7 refers to attenuation coefficient,
take 0.5.
[0089] (2) Atmospheric longwave radiation
(an = U' Ca (273+ Ta)4 (6)
[0090] In the equation, (~ refers to Stefan-Boltaman constant, which is 5.67 X
-8[W/m2(K4]; 8a refers to atmospheric emissivity, take 0.97; Ta refers to
temperature
7 Ca = 0.97- (1-0.261e- 410-4 T2)-(1+0.17- C 2 )
[0091] In the equation, Ta refers to the temperature at 2 meters above the water; Cr
refers to cloud coverage.
[0092] (3) Ehr refers to long wave return radiation from water bodies
br, -- c,-(273+T,)4 (8)
[0093] In the equation, Ts refers to water surface temperature(one-dimensional model
takes Ts = water temperature); 6"(=0.965) refers to water surface reflectivity.
[0094] 9e refers to water surface evaporation heat loss
=4, (9.2+0.46W2 ).(e-e,) (9)
[0095] In the equation, es and ea[mmHg] refers to the saturated vapor pressure on the
water surface and the evaporation pressure of the air on the water surface; W[m/s]
refers to wind velocity of 10 meters above the water; due to the lack of actual
measurement data for es and ea, the following formula is used to replace the
calculation, wherein Td refers to the dew point temperature, which can be calculated
by the relational formula with air relative humidity (Ps):
2 e, - e, = (0.35-0.015 + Td +0.0012( + Td ) T) 2 2 (10)
flr'.'~~ 5. 74 T + 7273] 3 1 P = 100OX" | xexp 6835.2x 5- - IT + 273] (T+273 T +273
$
[0096](5) c refers to heat conduction flux
eo, = 0.47(9.2 +0.46W2)-_ (T - T,) (12)
[0097] 2. Vertical two-dimensional water temperature model
[0098] Governing equation
[0099] (1) Equation of state
[0100] For water bodies under normal conditions, the influence of pressure changes
on density can be ignored, and the relationship between density and temperature can
be expressed as below:
= "=-P(T -T )=-PAT Ps (18)
[0101] In the equation, 3 [1/°C] refers to isobaric expansion coefficient; P [kg/m3]
refers to density; T[ °C ] refers to temperature; P s and Ts refer to density and
temperature of the reference state; for natural water bodies, the functional relationship
can be approximated as below:
= (0. 102027692 x 10-2 + 0. 677737262 x 10-' x T - 0.905345843 x 10-8 x T2 + 0. 864372185 x 10-10 x T - 0. 642266188 x 10-12X T4 7 + 0. 105164434 x 10- x T7
- 0. 104868827 x 10-' x T8 )x 9. 8 x 105 (19)
[0102] According to Boussinesq's assumption, in the buoyant flow problem with little
change in density, only the change in density is considered in the gravity term, while
buoyancy is not considered in the other terms of the governing equation.
[0103] (2) Hydrodynamic equation set
[0104] Since the change of river width has a certain effect on the heat exchange on the
water surface and the transfer of heat to the water, the k-(turbulence mode, with
average width is adopted; hydrodynamic equations wherein Cartesian coordinate
system are listed as below:
- (Bu) + a (Bw) = 0 ax az a (Bu) + u a (Bu) + w a (Bu) at ax az a v au a (B au B ap a az p,ax a (By au a (B aw ax eax az eax (20) a ua B wa B -a Bvaw +a Bvaw (Bw)+u (Bw)+w (Bw)= (Bv )+ (Bv )
at ax az ax ax az az B ap BATg+ a(Bv )+ (Bv au pa z az az ax az (21)
(Bk)+ u (Bk)+ w (Bk) at ax az
a(B -'ak+- B -'ak+B(Gk + Gj - ax 0Bvka-x az 0vka-z (22)
(&)+ U (&) + Wa& at ax az aB "ac)+ B + BC1 G, - BC2, a)0,a z 0,a k k (23)
[0105] In the equation:
G, = vL2K-l Fr__ K_ + 2Kaw2+ Kau __ 2
+ Gb - --8g v aT U, az (24)
[0106] Gk and Gb are buoyancy terms; said buoyancy terms can inhibit the generation
of turbulent kinetic energy when the stratification is stable thus weaken the downward
heat transfer, which are important factors for the reservoirs to maintain stable
stratification; Ve [m2/s] is the sum of molecular viscosity coefficient V and
turbulent vortex viscosity coefficient v, , -' ; u and w[m/s] are the
longitudinal and vertical flow velocity; p refers to pressure; T[ °C ] refers to water
temperature; B[m] is the width of river; k refers to turbulent kinetic energy; e refers
to turbulent energy dissipation rate; Uk and '7 are the Prandtl numbers of
turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate respectively, which are generally taken as
1.0 and 1.3.
[0107] (3) Temperature equation
S(BT) + u (BT) + w (BT)= a+ + aB a9t a9x a9z ax UTax a9Cz UTaCZ)PCP a9Z (25)
[0108] In the equation, 'T is the temperature Prandtl number, taken as 0.9; Cp
[J/kg(°C] refers to specific heat of water; C[W/m2] refers to the solar radiation flux
passing through the z-plane.
[0109] (4) Boundary conditions
[0110] Water temperature at the inlet boundary adopts the measured water
temperature at the end of the reservoir, and the velocity is assumed to be a uniform
flow velocity; k and e can be approximated by the inflow velocity respectively:
k = 0.00375u2 c = k1 /(.4H) (26)
[0111] HO [m] refers to the water depth at the entrance.
[0112] It is assumed that the exit section is fully developed turbulent flow, the water
surface adopts the "rigid cover assumption" , the bottom of the reservoir and the surface of the dam body adopt no-slip boundary conditions and are adiabatic boundaries.
[0113] (5) Discretization and solution of governing equations
[0114] Use finite volume method and hybrid format to discretize differential equations; SIMPLE algorithm is used to solve difference equations, and the staggered grid is used to avoid checkerboard uneven pressure fields; staggered grids are used to avoid checkerboard uneven pressure field.
[0115] The hydrodynamic equation and the temperature equation are coupled to solve; in the calculation, u, w momentum equation and k, e equation are needed to be solved first; then solve the temperature equation; then use the new temperature value to correct the source term in the w, k equation, recalculate the hydrodynamic equation, until the error margin of each equation is less than the allowable value.
[0116] Embodiment of this invention also provides a apparatus corresponding to the above mentioned method. FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the Fig. 1, an ecological dispatch method and apparatus for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers; as shown in the FIG. 2, said apparatus comprises as below:
[0117] The first analysis module 210; the first analysis result that can be derived from analysis of physical features, hydrological characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade reservoirs;
[0118] The second analysis module 220; the second analysis result can be derived from analysis towards ecological needs of lakes and rivers; dispatch model 230 can be established according to the first and second results; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers.
[0119] It should also be noted that the terms like "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or they also include elements inherent to such processes, methods, commodities, or equipment; if there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence
"comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or equipment that includes the element.
[0120] This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as a program module; generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types; this application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments; in said distributed computing environments, tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network; in a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.
[0121] Various embodiments in this invention are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments; in particular, as for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to the part of the description of the method embodiment.
[0122] Above mentioned descriptions are only examples of this invention, and are not intended to limit this application; for those skilled in the art, this invention can have various modifications and changes; any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims (9)
1.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers is
characterized in, a first analysis result from analysis of physical features, hydrological
characteristics of river, and characteristics of lakes and cascade reservoirs; a second
analysis result can be derived from analysis towards ecological needs of lakes and
rivers; dispatch model can be established according to the first and second results;
perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch model to satisfy
ecological needs of lakes and rivers.
2.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 1, wherein said physical features of rivers comprises information of
water level, flow rate and temperature.
3.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 1, wherein said characteristics of cascade reservoirs comprises
information of reservoir type, water level, storage capacity and dispatch method.
4.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 1, wherein said characteristics of lake comprises information of
upper reaches of lakes and rivers, connection information of source and main stream
of lakes and rivers, information of lake basin and water passing time.
5.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 1, wherein said ecological needs of lakes and rivers comprises needs
to satisfy water level, flow volume and rate as well as temperature of lakes and rivers.
6.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 1, wherein dispatch model established according to the first and
second results can be realized through detailed steps listed herein: establish an online
automatic monitoring system for water level, flow rate and water temperature and a
joint dispatch information center for rivers and lakes; automatically upload warning
information to said joint dispatch information center when the coastal zone vegetation
inundation depth is less than 10cm, the flow velocity of the waterway area and the
upstream tributary estuary area of the lake is less than 0.1m/s, and the waterway area
as well as the upstream tributary estuary area of the lake are less than 5% of the
average flow; said joint dispatching information center can start a dispatch plan.
7.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 6, wherein said continuity equation and momentum equation are
discretized using Preissman's four-point implicit difference scheme.
8. An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 7, wherein use finite volume method and hybrid format to discretize
differential equations; SIMPLE algorithm is used to solve difference equations, and
the staggered grid is used to avoid checkerboard uneven pressure fields; staggered
grids are used to avoid checkerboard uneven pressure field.
9. An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers as
claimed in claim 2, wherein said hydrological characteristics are obtained by
consulting real-time hydrological information, hydrological annual report and on-site
monitoring.
1.An ecological dispatch method for complex ecosystem of lakes and rivers is
wherein said apparatus comprises modules herein: a first analysis module can achieve
the first analysis result through analysis towards physical features and hydrological
characteristics of rivers and lakes, as well as analysis towards characteristics of lakes
and cascade reservoirs; a second analysis module can achieve the second analysis
result through analysis towards ecological needs of the lakes and rivers; set modules
for dispatch model; dispatch model can be established according to the first and
second results; perform ecological dispatch according to said ecological dispatch
model to satisfy ecological needs of lakes and rivers.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114117848A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 北京师范大学 | Basin water environment simulation prediction method and device based on multi-model coupling |
| CN116630122A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-22 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Lake ecological hydraulic regulation and control method and system based on hydrologic-ecological response relation |
| US20230340742A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-10-26 | China Three Gorges Corporation | Main stream reservoir ecological modulation method considering incoming water from interval tributaries |
-
2021
- 2021-06-02 AU AU2021103039A patent/AU2021103039A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230340742A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-10-26 | China Three Gorges Corporation | Main stream reservoir ecological modulation method considering incoming water from interval tributaries |
| US11866897B2 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2024-01-09 | China Three Gorges Corporation | Main stream reservoir ecological modulation method considering incoming water from interval tributaries |
| CN114117848A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 北京师范大学 | Basin water environment simulation prediction method and device based on multi-model coupling |
| CN116630122A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-22 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Lake ecological hydraulic regulation and control method and system based on hydrologic-ecological response relation |
| CN116630122B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-19 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Lake ecological hydraulic regulation and control method and system based on hydrologic-ecological response relation |
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