AU2020477829A1 - Method for producing a grinding tool, and grinding tool - Google Patents
Method for producing a grinding tool, and grinding tool Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020477829A1 AU2020477829A1 AU2020477829A AU2020477829A AU2020477829A1 AU 2020477829 A1 AU2020477829 A1 AU 2020477829A1 AU 2020477829 A AU2020477829 A AU 2020477829A AU 2020477829 A AU2020477829 A AU 2020477829A AU 2020477829 A1 AU2020477829 A1 AU 2020477829A1
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- metal layer
- metal
- grinding tool
- layer
- auxiliary body
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Links
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 129
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002143 Vulcanized fibre Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 are copper-free Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 101150034533 ATIC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0018—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by electrolytic deposition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a grinding tool, in which a metal layer (3) is applied to an auxiliary body (7). After separating the metal layer (3) from the auxiliary body (7), the metal layer (3) is fixed to a tool base body. Subsequently, a grinding layer is applied to the metal layer (3). The method allows a simple and economical production of a grinding tool that can be used without restriction in lightweight construction.
Description
Method for the production of a grinding tool, and grinding tool
The invention relates to a method for the production of a grinding tool and a grinding tool.
In lightweight construction, hybrid components are applied in which car bon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) are used in combination with light metals. Carbon fibre reinforced plastics are electrically conductive and have a high electrochemical potential, so that corrosion can be caused on the less noble light metal.
It is an object of the invention to provide a simple and economical method for the production of a grinding tool that can be used without restriction in lightweight construction. The grinding tool produced by means of the method is to be applicable in particular in the aerospace industry.
This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. At least one metal is applied to the auxiliary body so that a metal layer is formed. The metal layer is then separated from the auxiliary body. The metal layer is preferably elastic and/or ductile. In particular, the metal layer is formed in a film-like manner. Subsequently, the metal layer is fixed to a tool base body and a grinding layer is applied to the metal layer. The auxiliary body is preferably plate-like, in particular disc-like. For example, the grinding layer is galvanically applied to the metal layer.
The metal layer forms a substrate and is selected according to the machin ing requirements in lightweight construction. In particular, the metal layer is formed in such a manner that contamination from the at least one metal that arises during machining does not promote corrosion of hybrid compo nents in lightweight construction. Such contamination thus does not lead to increased corrosion of a light metal that is combined with a fibre composite material, in particular a CFRP material, in a hybrid component.
Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer has an electrical conductiv ity a, wherein in particular: 1 - 106 S/m Y 5 0 - 106 S/m, in particular 5 - 106 S/mn < 35 - 106 S/m, and in particular 10 - 106 S/mn < 20 - 106 S/m. Preferably, the at least one metal of the metal layer with the highest weight fraction has the electrical conductivity c. In particular, all metals of the metal layer have the electrical conductivity a.
Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer has a standard potential EO, wherein in particular: 0.35 V < E 0 < 1.8 V, in particular 0.55 V < E0 < 1.6 V, in particular 0.75 V < E0 < 1.4 V, and in particular 0.95 V < E0 < 1.2 V. Preferably, the at least one metal of the metal layer with the highest weight fraction has the standard potential E. In particular, all metals of the metal layer have the standard potential E0 .
The standard potential E 0 is also called normal potential. The normal po tential corresponds in particular to the potential of a standard metal elec trode against the standard hydrogen electrode at 250 C and 101.3 kPa. The normal potential is defined, for example, in the R6mpp Chemielexikon (=chemistry encyclopedia).
Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer is nobler than copper. At least one metal of the metal layer has a standard potential E0 , which is in particular higher than the standard potential E0 of copper. Preferably, all metals of the metal layer have a standard potential E, which is higher than the standard potential E0 of copper.
If the at least one metal has several standard potentials E0 in each case, the embodiments and ranges apply in particular to the highest standard poten tial E'.
The at least one metal is selected in particular from the group consisting of nickel, stainless steel and gold.
The metal layer preferably has at least 90% by weight, in particular at least 95% by weight, in particular at least 99% by weight, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of a single metal. Preferably, the metal layer consists of exactly one metal.
The tool base body has a connection means, in particular a hub or a shaft, for clamping and rotationally driving the grinding tool. The tool base body is, for example, plate-shaped. The tool base body preferably does not com prise any metal. The tool base body is preferably made exclusively of at least one non-metallic material. The tool base body comprises at least one material from the group consisting of vulcanized fibre, polyester, glass fi bres, carbon fibres, cotton and plastic. The tool base body is in particular of single-layer or multi-layer construction. The tool base body is in particular flexible and/or rigid at least in some regions.
The grinding layer comprises a binder and abrasive grains. In particular, the binder comprises at least one material from the group consisting of thermosets, elastomers, thermoplastics and synthetic resins. Preferably, the binder is a thermoset, in particular phenolic resin or epoxy resin. The phe nolic resin is, for example, a resol or a novolak. The binder can be applied to the tool base body in a random manner.
The abrasive grains have a geometrically definite and/or a geometrically indefinite shape. The abrasive grains comprise at least one material se lected from the group consisting of ceramic, corundum, in particular zirco nium corundum and aluminium oxide, diamond, cubic crystalline boron ni tride, silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. The abrasive grains can be ap plied in a single layer or in multiple layers.
Preferably, the metal layer is first fixed to the tool base body and then the grinding layer is applied to the metal layer. A first side of the metal layer is connected to the tool base body, whereas an opposite second side of the metal layer is connected to the grinding layer.
A method according to claim 2 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. The auxiliary body forms a passive layer on the surface which prevents the metal layer from adhering strongly to the auxil iary body. The metal layer can thus be easily separated from the auxiliary body. The auxiliary body is suitable for galvanic coating or galvanic appli cation of the metal layer. The auxiliary body is easy to clean and can be used repeatedly. Preferably, the auxiliary body comprises at least 90% by weight of titanium, in particular at least 95% by weight of titanium, in par ticular at least 99% by weight of titanium and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of titanium. Preferably, the auxiliary body comprises 100% by weight of titanium.
A method according to claim 3 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool and an unrestricted applicability in lightweight construction. Preferably, the metal layer comprises at least 90% by weight of nickel, in particular at least 95% by weight of nickel, in particular at least 99% by weight of nickel, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of nickel. Preferably, the metal layer comprises 100% by weight of nickel. The metal layer or nickel layer is easily separable from the auxiliary body The metal layer or nickel layer is preferably elastic and/or ductile. Due to the low electrical conductivity a and/or the high standard potential E0 nickel does not favour the corrosion of hybrid components in lightweight construction. Nickel contamination that remains on the hybrid component due to machining of a hybrid component by means of the grinding tool is therefore unproblematic.
A method according to claim 4 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. On the one hand, the layer thickness D ensures that the metal layer is sufficiently stable so that it can be separated from the auxiliary body and connected to the tool base body. On the other hand, the layer thickness D ensures that the metal layer is sufficiently elastic or flexi ble and/or ductile so that it can be adapted to a shape of the tool base body. In particular, the metal layer is designed in the form of a film.
A method according to claim 5 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. By means of the galvanic coating, the metal layer is evenly applied to the auxiliary body. The coating can be controlled in a simple manner.
A method according to claim 6 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. For the galvanic coating, the auxiliary body and at least one coating metal body are arranged in an electrolyte. The auxiliary body and the at least one coating metal body are connected to a voltage source. The auxiliary body forms a cathode, whereas the at least one coat ing metal body forms an anode. The auxiliary body is preferably plate-like, in particular disc-like. Preferably, at least one first coating metal body is ar ranged on a first side of the auxiliary body, whereas at least one second coating metal body is arranged on a second side of the auxiliary body. This allows a metal layer to be applied to the two sides of the auxiliary body. The electrolyte is preferably arranged in a container.
A method according to claim 7 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. Due to the fact that the electrolyte and solid parti cles form a suspension, the solid particles can be introduced into the metal layer and/or applied to the metal layer during the galvanic coating of the auxiliary body. This increases the surface roughness of the metal layer so that the bond with the tool base body and/or the grinding layer is improved in a simple manner. Preferably, the electrolyte is set in motion so that the solid particles are not deposited and are kept in suspension. Preferably, at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, and in particular at least 90% by weight of the solid particles have a grain diameter d, wherein: 0.015 mm < d < 0.15 mm, in particular 0.03 mm < d < 0.12 mm, and in particular 0.05 mm < d < 0.1 mm. The solid particles are in particu lar selected from the group consisting of ceramic particles, glass particles and/or quartz particles or quartz grains.
A method according to claim 8 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. The solid particles increase the surface roughness of the metal layer so that the bond with the tool base body and/or the grind ing layer is improved. Preferably, at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, and in particular at least 90% by weight of the solid particles have a grain diameter d, wherein: 0.015 mm < d < 0.15 mm, in particular 0.03 mm < d 0.12 mm, and in particular 0.05 mm < d < 0.1 mm. The solid particles are in particular selected from the group consisting of ceramic particles, glass particles and/or quartz particles or quartz grains.
A method according to claim 9 ensures a simple and economical produc tion of the grinding tool. Preferably, the metal layer has an increased sur face roughness due to introduced and/or applied solid particles, so that the adhesive bond between the tool base body and the metal layer is improved. In particular, the solid particles improve the cross-linking of the adhesive, which makes the bond stronger. Preferably, an adhesive layer is applied to the tool base body and/or the metal layer. In particular, the adhesive bond ing is carried out under the action of a pressure increased with respect to the ambient pressure and/or a temperature increased with respect to the am bient temperature. Preferably, the adhesive bonding is carried out by means of a press, which in particular can be heated.
A method according to claim 10 ensures unrestricted applicability of the grinding tool in lightweight construction. Due to the fact that the metal layer and in particular also the auxiliary body do not comprise copper, i.e. are copper-free, copper contamination of a hybrid component machined by means of the grinding tool is prevented. The auxiliary body and/or the metal layer are 100% copper-free. Thus, there is no risk of corrosion due to the machining of a hybrid component by means of the grinding tool.
It is further an object of the invention to provide a grinding tool that can be produced simply and economically and can be used without restriction in lightweight construction. In particular, the grinding tool is intended for un restricted use in the aerospace industry.
This object is achieved by a grinding tool having the features of claim 11. The advantages of the grinding tool according to the invention correspond to the advantages of the method according to the invention. The grinding tool according to the invention can in particular be further embodied with at least one feature described in connection with claims 1 to 10 and the method according to the invention for the production of the grinding tool.
A grinding tool according to claim 12 ensures unrestricted applicability in lightweight construction. Preferably, the metal layer comprises at least 90% by weight of nickel, in particular at least 95% by weight of nickel, in par ticular at least 99% by weight of nickel, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of nickel. Preferably, the metal layer comprises 100% by weight of nickel. The metal layer or nickel layer is easily separable from the auxiliary body. Preferably, the metal layer or nickel layer is elastic and/or ductile. The metal layer or nickel layer is preferably film-like. Due to the low elec trical conductivity a and/or the high standard potential E, nickel does not favour corrosion of hybrid components in lightweight construction. Nickel contamination that remains on the hybrid component due to machining of a hybrid component by means of the grinding tool is therefore unproblem atic.
A grinding tool according to claim 13 ensures a simple and economical production of the grinding tool. On the one hand, the layer thickness D en sures that the metal layer is sufficiently stable so that it can be separated from the auxiliary body and connected to the tool base body. On the other hand, the layer thickness D ensures that the metal layer is sufficiently elas tic or flexible and/or ductile so that it can be adapted to a shape of the tool base body. In particular, the metal layer is designed in the form of a film.
A grinding tool according to claim 14 ensures a simple and economical production of the grinding tool. The solid particles increase the surface roughness of the metal layer so that the bond with the tool base body and/or the grinding layer is improved. Preferably, at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, and in particular at least 90% by weight of the solid particles have a grain diameter d, wherein: 0.015 mm < d < 0.15 mm, in particular 0.03 mm < d< 0.12 mm, and in particular 0.05 mm < d < 0.1 mm. The solid particles are in particular selected from the group consisting of ceramic particles, glass particles and/or quartz particles or quartz grains.
A grinding tool according to claim 15 ensures a simple and economical production of the grinding tool. Preferably, the metal layer has an increased surface roughness due to introduced and/or applied solid particles, so that the adhesive bond between the tool base body and the metal layer is im proved. In particular, the solid particles improve the cross-linking of the adhesive, which makes the bond stronger.
A grinding tool according to claim 16 ensures unrestricted applicability of the grinding tool in lightweight construction. Due to the fact that the metal layer does not comprise copper, i.e. is copper-free, copper contamination of a hybrid component machined by means of the grinding tool is prevented. The metal layer is 100 % copper-free. There is therefore no risk of corro sion due to the machining of a hybrid component by means of the grinding tool.
This object is further achieved by a grinding tool according to claim 17.
Another independent aspect of the invention relates to the use of a grinding tool according to at least one of claims 11 to 17 for machining components, in particular hybrid components, in lightweight construction. Such hybrid components comprise a fibre composite material, for example comprising carbon fibres and/or glass fibres, and a light metal, for example aluminium, magnesium and/or titanium.
Further features, advantages and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description of an embodiment example, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for the production of a grinding tool,
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an apparatus for the production of foil-like metal layers,
Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of a tool base body with a metal layer bonded to it, and
Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of the grinding tool produced according to the flow chart in Fig. 1.
The grinding tool 1 serves to machine components, in particular hybrid components, in lightweight construction. Such hybrid components com prise a fibre composite material and a light metal. The fibre composite ma terial has, for example, carbon fibres.
To obtain the grinding tool 1, a metal layer 3 or metal layers 3 are pro duced in a step Si. An apparatus for producing film-like metal layers 3 is provided. The apparatus is illustrated in Fig. 2. The apparatus comprises a container 5 in which an electrolyte 6 is arranged. In the electrolyte 6, an auxiliary body 7 is arranged which serves as a deposition medium. The auxiliary body 7 is plate-shaped and comprises two deposition surfaces Ai and A2 for depositing the metal layers 3.
A first coating metal body 8 and a second coating metal body 9 are further arranged in the electrolyte 6. The first coating metal body 8 faces the first deposition surface A, whereas the second coating metal body 9 faces the second deposition surface A 2 . The auxiliary body 7 is electrically con nected to a negative pole of a voltage source 10, whereas the coating metal bodies 8, 9 are electrically connected to a positive pole of the voltage source 10. The voltage source 10 generates an adjustable voltage U.
The auxiliary body 7 comprises at least 90% by weight of titanium, in par ticular at least 95% by weight of titanium, in particular at least 99% by weight of titanium, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of titanium. Preferably, the auxiliary body 7 comprises 100% by weight of titanium.
The coating metal bodies 8, 9 preferably consist of a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, stainless steel and gold. The coating metal bodies 8, 9 comprise, for example, at least 90% by weight of nickel, in par ticular at least 95% by weight of nickel, in particular at least 99% by weight of nickel, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of nickel. Pref erably, the coating metal bodies 8, 9 comprises 100% by weight of nickel.
Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer 3 has an electrical conduc tivity a, wherein in particular: 1 - 106 S/m < a <5 0 106 S/m, in particular 5 - 10 6 S/mn<a 35 - 10 6 S/m, and inparticular 10 10 6 S/m <a 20 - 106 S/m. Preferably, the at least one metal of the metal layer 3 with the highest weight fraction has the electrical conductivity a. In particular, all metals of the metal layer 3 have the electrical conductivity a.
Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer 3 has a standard potential E, wherein in particular: 0.35 V < E 0 < 1.8 V, in particular 0.55 V BE0 < 1.6 V, in particular 0.75 V < E 0 < 1.4 V, and in particular 0.95 V < EO < 1.2 V. Preferably, the at least one metal of the metal layer 3 with the highest weight fraction has the standard potential E0 . In particular, all metals of the metal layer 3 have the standard potential E0 .
The standard potential E 0 is also called normal potential. In particular, the normal potential corresponds to the potential of a standard metal electrode against the standard hydrogen electrode at 250C and 101.3 kPa. The nor mal potential is defined, for example, in the Rumpp Chemielexikon.
Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer 3 is nobler than copper. At least one metal of the metal layer 3 has a standard potential E, which is in particular higher than the standard potential E0 of copper. Preferably, all metals of the metal layer 3 have a standard potential E', which is higher than the standard potential E0 of copper.
If the at least one metal has several standard potentials E0 in each case, the embodiments and ranges apply in particular to the highest standard poten tial E.
The at least one metal is selected in particular from the group consisting of nickel, stainless steel and gold.
Solid particles 11 are arranged in the electrolyte 6. The electrolyte 6 and the solid particles 11 form a suspension. For this purpose, the apparatus has means, not shown in more detail, for generating a motion or flow in the electrolyte 6. The solid particles 11 have a grain size or a grain diameter d. The following applies in particular to the grain diameter d: 0.015 mm < d < 0.15 mm, in particular 0.03 mm < d < 0.12 mm, and in particular 0.05 mm < d < 0.1 mm. The solid particles are in particular selected from the group consisting of ceramic particles, glass particles and/or quartz particles or quartz grains.
In a step S2 the metal layers 3 are galvanically deposited on the auxiliary body 7. The voltage U is switched on for this purpose. The auxiliary body 7 forms a cathode, whereas the coating metal bodies 8, 9 form anodes. Nickel atoms detach from the coating metal bodies 8, 9 and move in the electrolyte 6 to the deposition surfaces Ai and A 2 . The nickel atoms are de posited on the deposition surfaces Al and A 2 so that the metal layers 3 are galvanically deposited or applied to the auxiliary body 7. The metal layers 3 deposited on the deposition surfaces Ai and A 2 are illustrated in Fig. 2.
Due to the fact that the electrolyte 6 and the solid particles 11 form a sus pension, solid particles 11 are introduced into the metal layers 3 and/or ap plied to the metal layers 3 during the galvanic deposition of the metal lay ers 3. The solid particles 11 increase a surface roughness of the metal lay ers 3.
If the metal layers 3 have a desired layer thickness D, the deposition proce dure is terminated by switching off the voltage U. The following preferably applies to the layer thickness D: 0.005 mm< D < 1.5 mm, in particular 0.05 mm < D < 1.2 mm, and in particular 0.1 mm< D<: 1 mm. The auxiliary body 7, the coating metal bodies 8, 9 and the metal layers 3 are 100% copper-free.
In a step S 3 the metal layers 3 are separated from the auxiliary body 7. This is done, for example, by pulling the metal layers 3 off the auxiliary body 7. The film-like metal layers 3 are elastic or flexible and ductile. After the metal layers 3 have been separated, the auxiliary body 7 can be galvani cally coated again with metal layers 3. This is done in the manner de scribed above. If necessary, the auxiliary body 7 must be cleaned. If neces sary, the coating metal bodies 8, 9 must be renewed and/or solid particles 11 must be supplemented in the electrolyte 6.
In a step S4 one of the separated metal layers 3 is attached to a tool base body 2. For this purpose, an adhesive layer 12 is applied to the tool base body 2. The metal layer 3 is then arranged on the adhesive layer 12. Due to the fact that the metal layer 3 is elastic or flexible and ductile, the metal layer 3 adapts to the shape of the tool base body 2. The metal layer 3 is pressed with a pressure p against the tool base body 2. The adhesive layer 12 cures under the application of the pressure p at a desired temperature T. After the adhesive layer 12 has cured, the metal layer 3 is firmly bonded to the tool base body 2. This is illustrated in Fig. 3. If the metal layer 3 pro trudes beyond the tool base body 2, the protruding parts of the metal layer 3 are removed.
As the solid particles 11 increase the surface roughness of the metal layer 3, the cross-linking of the adhesive or adhesive layer 12 is increased, which increases the strength of the bond between the tool base body 2 and the metal layer 3.
The tool base body 2 has a connection means 13 for clamping and rotation ally driving the grinding tool 1 by means of a tool drive which is not shown in more detail. The connection means 13 is designed, for example, as a hub or opening. The tool drive can preferably be guided manually. The tool base body 2 is designed, for example, in the shape of a plate. The tool base body 2 comprises at least one material from the group consisting of vulcan ized fibre, polyester, glass fibres, carbon fibres, cotton and plastic. The tool base body 2 is in particular of single-layer or multi-layer construction. The tool base body 2 is in particular flexible and/or rigid at least in some re gions.
In a step S5 , a grinding layer 4 is applied to the metal layer 3. The grinding layer 4 comprises a binder 14 and abrasive grains 15, 16. The binder 14 with the abrasive grains 15 embedded therein is applied to the metal layer 3. Additional abrasive grains 16 are applied to the side of the binder 14 fac ing away from the metal layer 3. By curing the binder 14, the grinding layer 4 is bonded to the metal layer 3 and the tool base body 2. Increased surface roughness of the metal layer 3 due to the embedded solid particles 11 improves the bond between the metal layer 3 and the grinding layer 4.
Due to the 100% copper-free nature of the machining tool 1, it is suitable for machining components, in particular hybrid components, in the aero space industry. The absence of copper prevents metal contamination or nickel contamination due to machining of the component with the grinding tool 1 according to the invention from promoting corrosion.
Claims (17)
1. A method for the production of a grinding tool comprising the steps of: - providing an auxiliary body (7), - applying a metal layer (3) to the auxiliary body (7), - separating the metal layer (3) from the auxiliary body (7), - fixing the metal layer (3) to a tool base body (2), and - applying a grinding layer (4) to the metal layer (3).
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary body (7) comprises titanium.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal layer (3) comprises nickel.
4. A method according to at least one of the preceding claims, character ized in that the metal layer (3) is applied with a layer thickness D, wherein: 0.005 mm < D < 1.5 mm, in particular 0.05 mm < D < 1.2 mm, and in particular 0.1 mm < D < 1 mm.
5. A method according to at least one of the preceding claims, character ized in that the metal layer (3) is applied galvanically to the auxiliary body (7).
6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the auxiliary body (7) and at least one coating metal body (8, 9) are arranged in an electrolyte (6).
7. A method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that an electrolyte (6) and solid particles (11) form a suspension.
8. A method according to at least one of the preceding claims, character ized in that solid particles (11) are introduced into the metal layer (3) and/or applied to the metal layer (3).
9. A method according to at least one of the preceding claims, character ized in that the metal layer (3) is glued to the tool base body (2).
10. A method according to at least one of the preceding claims, character ized in that the auxiliary body (7) and/or the metal layer (3) are copper free.
11. A grinding tool comprising - a tool base body (2), - a metal layer (3) fixed to the tool base body (2), and - a grinding layer (4) fixed to the metal layer (3).
12. A grinding tool according to claim 11, characterized in that the metal layer (3) comprises nickel.
13. A grinding tool according to at least one of claims 11 to 12, character ized in that the metal layer (3) has a layer thickness D, wherein: 0.005 mm < D < 1.5 mm, in particular 0.05 mm < D < 1.2 mm, and in particular 0.1 mm S DK 1 mm.
14. A grinding tool according to at least one of claims 11 to 13, character ized in that solid particles (11) are arranged in the metal layer (3) and/or on the metal layer (3).
15. A grinding tool according to at least one of claims 11 to 14, character ized in that the metal layer (3) is glued to the tool base body (2).
16. A grinding tool according to at least one of the preceding claims, char acterized in that the metal layer (3) is copper-free.
17. A grinding tool produced according to a method according to at least one of claims I to 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/083079 WO2022106040A1 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Method for producing a grinding tool, and grinding tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2020477829A1 true AU2020477829A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
Family
ID=73598061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020477829A Pending AU2020477829A1 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Method for producing a grinding tool, and grinding tool |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240017379A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4247589A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2020477829A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3195975A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022106040A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0013486B1 (en) * | 1978-12-12 | 1983-08-03 | Interface Developments Limited | Flexible abrasive member and method of making same |
| US20070128994A1 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2007-06-07 | Chien-Min Sung | Electroplated abrasive tools, methods, and molds |
| CN107336148A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-10 | 华侨大学 | A kind of quick method for preparing abrasive particle pattern distribution mill |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 AU AU2020477829A patent/AU2020477829A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-23 CA CA3195975A patent/CA3195975A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-23 US US18/254,014 patent/US20240017379A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-23 WO PCT/EP2020/083079 patent/WO2022106040A1/en active Application Filing
- 2020-11-23 EP EP20812246.5A patent/EP4247589A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240017379A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
| EP4247589A1 (en) | 2023-09-27 |
| WO2022106040A1 (en) | 2022-05-27 |
| CA3195975A1 (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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