AU2020103048A4 - Anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas - Google Patents

Anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2020103048A4
AU2020103048A4 AU2020103048A AU2020103048A AU2020103048A4 AU 2020103048 A4 AU2020103048 A4 AU 2020103048A4 AU 2020103048 A AU2020103048 A AU 2020103048A AU 2020103048 A AU2020103048 A AU 2020103048A AU 2020103048 A4 AU2020103048 A4 AU 2020103048A4
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Prior art keywords
simulation
box
pipeline
outfall
karst
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AU2020103048A
Inventor
Jianwen Cao
Jingrui LI
Weixuan Li
Haiping Lu
Song LUAN
Fawang ZHANG
Liangjie Zhao
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Guilin University of Technology
Institute of Karst Geology of CAGS
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Guilin University of Technology
Institute of Karst Geology of CAGS
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Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas, including a constant water head supply box, wherein the constant water head supply box is provided with a supply water outlet and a supply outfall, a partition plate is arranged in the box, and the supply water outlet communicates with a main body simulation box through a pipeline; the main body simulation box is provided with a first water inlet, a second water inlet, a first outfall and a second outfall, the first water inlet communicates with the supply outfall through a pipeline, the second outfall communicates with the constant water head drain box through a pipeline, a karst simulation pipeline, a subway station simulation box body and geological condition simulation boxes are arranged in the main body simulation box, the both ends of the karst simulation pipeline respectively communicate with the first water inlet and the second outfall, and first simulation holes and second simulation holes are formed in the karst simulation pipeline; the subway station simulation box body is provided with a test port and is connected with a flat die pressure transmitter through the test port; and a plurality of third simulation holes are formed in the geological condition simulation boxes, and the geological condition simulation boxes are filled with acrylic beads. 1/3 10 11I- 12 Fig. 1 6 602 604 601 7 603 Fig. 2 101 A 102 A 103 Fig. 3

Description

1/3
10 11I- 12
Fig. 1
6
602
604
601 7
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A 103
Fig. 3
ANTI-FLOATING SIMULATION DEVICE OF SUBWAYS IN KARST AREAS
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to an anti-floating
simulation device of subways in karst areas.
Background Art
In recent years, the atmospheric greenhouse effect has led to climate warming, and coupled
with factors such as the aquifer structure and lithology of underground water, the underground
water level rises, threatening the structural safety of underground buildings. Therefore, the
research on the buoyancy of underground structures has become an extremely critical topic in
urban geotechnical engineering, which not only involves the changing trend of the underground
water level in the medium and long term development of a city, but also involves the pore water
pressure transfer mechanism and distribution law in soil layers with different underground water
occurrence modes, the buoyancy values of the underground structures located in different soil
layers, the buoyancy values during the action of multilayer underground water, the development
of reasonable engineering anti-floating measures and other problems.
With the continuous expansion of urban underground rail transit construction scale, most
subway stations are mainly constructed by shallow bury and open-cut construction. However, the
shallow underground water level of the city is relatively high, and the overall trend is unstable, so
that the subway safety plays an important role in the safety of the city, and then the anti-floating
design of the subway stations is a key link. A karst area has its special geological environment,
subway construction is often accompanied by natural phenomena such as karst caves and
subterranean rivers, the exploration of the anti-floating relationship of the subway stations in the
karst area must rely on a corresponding simulation device, therefore, a reasonable underground
anti-floating simulation device is designed to provide a data support for the anti-floating measures
of the karst area, which has become a hot research hotspot in the design of subway anti-floating.
Researches find that the current subway anti-floating simulation devices have the following
shortcomings: (1) from the functional point of view, most of the existing simulation devices are
one-sided for aeration zones or aquifers with general conditions, and lack organic combination
devices having the simulation functions of subterranean rivers and karst caves, thereby lacking the
underground anti-floating simulation function of karst areas; (2) the existing simulation devices
cannot easily change the simulated geological conditions, and the simulation accuracy of complex geological environments is not high; and (3) the design of the existing constant water head device is high in water fluctuation and is unstable, thereby having greater impact on later data.
These shortcomings have seriously affected the underground anti-floating design during the
subway construction in the karst areas. Facing the complex hydrogeological conditions of the
subterranean river system, underground anti-floating simulation in the karst areas has become an
important scientific research direction for scientists.
Summary of the Invention
In view of above problems, the purpose of the invention is to provide an anti-floating
simulation device of subways in karst areas, which can monitor the anti-floating water level of a
simulation body and the dynamic change of the underground water flow.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
An anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas includes a constant water head
supply box, a main body simulation box, and a constant water head drain box, and the constant
water head supply box and the constant water head drain box both communicate with the main body
simulation box through pipelines; a partition plate with a height less than that of a side wall of the
constant water head supply box is arranged in the constant water head supply box, the constant
water head supply box is provided with a supply water outlet and a supply outfall, the supply water
outlet is located on one side of the partition plate, and the supply outfall is located on the other side
of the partition plate, and the supply water outlet communicates with the main body simulation box
through a pipeline; the main body simulation box is made of organic glass, the main body
simulation box is provided with a first water inlet, a second water inlet, a first outfall and a second
outfall, the first water inlet communicates with the supply outfall through a pipeline, the second
outfall communicates with the constant water head drain box through a pipeline, a karst simulation
pipeline, a subway station simulation box body and geological condition simulation boxes are
arranged in the main body simulation box, the both ends of the karst simulation pipeline
respectively communicate with the first water inlet and the second outfall, a plurality of first
simulation holes are formed in the upper part of the karst simulation pipeline, a plurality of second
simulation holes are formed in the lower part of the karst simulation pipeline, and the hole spacing
of the first simulation holes is greater than the hole spacing of the second simulation holes; the
subway station simulation box body is provided with a test port and is connected with a flat die
pressure transmitter through the test port; and a plurality of geological condition simulation boxes are provided, a plurality of third simulation holes are formed in the geological condition simulation boxes, and the geological condition simulation boxes are filled with acrylic beads. Further, a first electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline between the supply water outlet and the first water inlet, and the both ends of the first electromagnetic flowmeter are respectively connected with the supply water outlet and the first water inlet through pipelines; and a second electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline between the second outfall and the constant water head drain box, and the both ends of the second electromagnetic flowmeter are respectively connected with the second outfall and the constant water head drain box through pipelines. Further, a first control valve is arranged on the pipeline between thefirst electromagnetic flowmeter and the first water inlet, a second control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the second outfall and the second electromagnetic flowmeter, and a third control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the second electromagnetic flowmeter and the constant water head drain box. Further, a test port is formed in the central position of each side face of the subway station simulation box body, the test port is in threaded connection with the flat die pressure transmitter, the model number of the flat die pressure transmitter is CGYL-204, and the flat die pressure transmitter is in line connection with an analog signal collection system. Further, the first water inlet and the second water inlet are both formed in the left side face of the main body simulation box, the first outfall is formed in the rear side face of the main body simulation box, and the second outfall is formed in the right side face of the main body simulation box. Further, the constant water head supply box has an internal length of 0.4m, an internal width of 0.4m and an internal height of 0.4m, and the partition plate has a height of 0.3m; the main body simulation box has an internal length of 1.5m, an internal width of 0.5m and an internal height of 0.4m; and the subway station simulation box body has an internal length of 48cm, an internal width of 13cm and an internal height of 18cm. Further, the outer diameter of the karst simulation pipeline is 3.5cm, the hole diameter of the first simulation hole is 3mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 3mm; and the hole diameter of the second simulation hole is 3mm, and the distance between the adjacent holes is 6mm. Further, the geological condition simulation box has an internal length of 79cm, an internal width of 14cm and an internal height of 19.5cm; and the hole diameter of the third simulation hole is 2mm, and the distance between the adjacent holes is 2mm.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are as
follows:
1. In the invention, the design of manufacturing the main body simulation box by using
organic glass visualizes the simulation process, which is convenient to understand and observe the
states of water movement under different geological conditions. Compared with the traditional
simulation equipment, the invention can comprehensively and clearly observe the influence process
of the underground incoming water in the karst areas on subway stations.
2. The invention monitors the simulation process through the flat die pressure transmitter, the
electromagnetic flowmeters and other components. Compared with traditional manual measurement
and recording modes, the monitoring mode has the advantages of being able to obtain water level,
flow and other data more accurately, the value record and collection are simple and convenient, and
the response relationship between the anti-floating water levels of the subway stations and the flow
in different karst water-bearing medias can be analyzed.
3. The invention can change and control various parameters of the constant head supply box
and the geological condition simulation box. According to the actual needs of the simulation
experiment, comparative experimental analysis and research under specific conditions can be
conducted for the complex hydrogeological conditions of the karst areas. The utility mode has
flexible simulation applicability, so that the experimental data are more convincing.
Brief Description of the Drawings
To illustrate technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention or in the prior art more
clearly, a brief introduction on the drawings which are needed in the description of the
embodiments or the prior art is given below. Apparently, the drawings in the description below are
merely some of the embodiments of the invention, based on which other drawings can be obtained
by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional structure diagram of a main body simulation box;
Fig. 3 is an overlooking structure diagram of a constant water head supply box;
Fig. 4 is an A-A section view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is an overlooking structure diagram of a karst simulation pipeline;
Fig. 6 is aB-B section view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is an overlooking structure diagram of a subway station simulation box body;
Fig. 8 is an overlooking structure diagram of a geological condition simulation box.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments
A clear and complete description of technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention
will be given below, in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the invention.
Apparently, the embodiments described below are merely a part, but not all, of the embodiments
of the invention. All of other embodiments, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on
the embodiments of the invention without any creative effort, and any made modifications,
equivalent replacements, improvements and the like shall all fall into the protection scope of the
invention.
As shown in Fig. 1, the invention provides an anti-floating simulation device of subways in
karst areas, including a constant water head supply box 1, a first electromagnetic flowmeter 2, a
geological condition simulation box 3, a subway station simulation box body 4, an analog signal
collection system 5, a main body simulation box 6, a karst simulation pipeline 7, a second
electromagnetic flowmeter 8, a constant water head drain box 9, a first control valve 10, a second
control valve 11, and a third control valve 12.
As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the constant water head supply box 1 and the constant water
head drain box 9 in the device body adopt the design of constant water head water tanks, the
overall inner diameter of the constant water head supply box 1 is a 0.4m*0.4m*0.4m cube
without top cover, a partition plate 104 with a height of 0.3m is arranged therein, three M20*1.5
threaded ports are formed in the box body to fix the water head difference between the upstream
and downstream, the threaded ports are respectively a supply water outlet 103 and two supply
outfalls 101, 102, the two supply outfalls 101, 102 are located on one side of the partition plate
104, the supply water outlet 103 is located on the other side of the partition plate 104, and the
supply water outlet 103 communicates with the main body simulation box 6 through a pipeline.
The supply water inlet is designed as the overall water source and is connected with a water pipe,
specifically, the water pipe is directly placed on one side of a large box room of the box body, and
no separate design port is disposed; the supply water outlet 103 is connected with the main body
simulation box to serve as a connection port for the water supply of the device and is designed as
an M20*1.5 threaded port, when the water head reaches a baffle, the supply outfalls 101, 102
drain the excess water to achieve the purpose of fixing the water head, the two ports are disposed, because tests show that the excess water can be drained in time through the aperture of the two M20*1.5 threaded ports, so that the water head is more stable, and the position is eudipleural; and the specific connection manner is a flange port + M20*1.5 threaded port two-way head, the flange port is connected with a water supply pipe and a flowmeter, the M20*1.5 threaded port is connected with the box body, and the overall connection is realized with the two-way head. As shown in Fig. 2, the main body simulation box 6 is a cuboid with an overall inner diameter of 1.5*0.5m*0.4m (length*width*height) without a top cover, the box body is provided with 4 M20*1.5 threaded ports, which are respectively a first water inlet 601, a second water inlet 602, a first outfall 603 and a second outfall 604, thefirst water inlet 601 communicates with the supply outfall 103 through a pipeline, the second outfall 604 communicates with the constant water head drain box 9 through a pipeline, the first water inlet 601 and the second water inlet 602 are formed in the left side face, the second outfall 604 is formed in the right side face, the first outfall 603 is formed in the rear side face, and the entirety is made of organic glass, so that the state of water movement can be observed conveniently. A karst simulation pipeline 7, a subway station simulation box body 4 and geological condition simulation boxes 3 are arranged in the main body simulation box 6; during normal rainfall in the karst area, the water comes from the karst pipeline collectively at the upstream, a part of water comes from the stratum during heavy rainfall, the second water inlet 602 on the left side face of the simulation box is used for connecting a constant water head device separately when it is necessary to simulate the incoming water in the stratum in the case of heavy rainfall at the upstream, the first water inlet 601 is used for simulating the situation of the incoming water of the karst pipeline in the absence of heavy rainfall, that is, normal rainfall; the second outfall 604 on the right side face is connected with the constant water head drain box 9 to fix the water head at the downstream, so that the overall water head difference of the upstream and the downstream can be calculated by the inflow water head and the drain water head, and the first outfall 603 on the rear end face is used for conveniently draining the accumulated water after the test; and the specific connection mode is flange port +
M20*1.5 threaded port two-way head, flange port is connected with the water supply pipe and the flowmeter, the M20*1.5 threaded port is connected with the box body, and the overall connection is realized with the two-way head As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the both ends of the karst simulation pipeline 7 respectively communicate with the first water inlet 601 and the second outfall 604, the outer diameter of the karst simulation pipeline 7 is 3.5cm, relatively dense first simulation holes 701 are formed in the upper half part of the karst simulation pipeline 7, the hole diameter is 3mm, and the hole spacing is about 3mm, relatively dense second simulation holes 702 are formed in the lower half part of the karst simulation pipeline 7, the hole diameter is 3mm, the hole spacing is about 6mm, and the inhomogeneity of the water seepage of the karst pipeline is simulated in this way.
As shown in Fig. 7, the overall inner diameter of the subway station simulation box body 4 is
designed as 48cm*13cm*18cm (length*width*height) to simulate the actual subway station
design ratio, the rectangular box body is provided with 5 M20*1.5 threaded ports to serve as test
ports 401, the test ports 401 are located in the middle of various surfaces, and the threaded port
401 is connected with a CGYL-204 flat die pressure transmitter.
As shown in Fig. 8, the geological condition simulation box 3 has an overall inner diameter
of 79cm*14cm*19.5cm (length*width*height) cube without a top cover, third simulation holes
301 of different densities are drilled on all panels according to different geological conditions, for
example, the hole diameter is 2mm, the hole spacing is 2mm, and the geological condition
simulation box 3 is filled with acrylic beads 302.
As shown in Fig. 1, the constant water head supply box 1 is connected to the main body
simulation box 6 through a first electromagnetic flowmeter 2, the karst simulation pipeline 7 is
connected with the first water inlet 601 and the second outfall 604 of the main body simulation
box 6, the subway station simulation box body 4 is placed above the karst simulation pipeline 7,
and the other spaces are filled with the geological condition simulation boxes 3 with different
apertures and bead diameters according to the different stratum conditions, the second outfall 604
of the main body simulation box 6 is connected to the constant water head drain box 9, the
CGYL-204 flat die pressure transmitter is connected to the 48-channel analog signal collection
system, and the components are connected by pipelines made of a PVC material. The model
number of the analog signal collection system is CGCJ-7660A/48.
The flat die pressure transmitter in the simulation device transmits the data to a computer
through the analog signal collection system. By processing the collected data, a relationship
process line forming the flow rate and the anti-floating water level can be drawn, which is great
significance to the research on the anti-floating design of subways in the karst areas.
The operating steps of the invention when conducting experiments are as follows:
1. The water flow enters a large box chamber of the constant water head supply box 1, the first control valve 10 is closed at this time, when the water flows through the baffle in the constant water head supply box 1, it is discharged from the supply outfalls 101, 102, at this time, the water flow in the constant water head supply box 1 is the state of a constant water head. 2. On the basis of the constant water head, the second control valve 11 and the third control valve 12 are opened, and the water flow enters the karst simulation pipeline in the main body simulation box, and under the action of the water head, the water level flows over the subway station simulation box body 4. The flow change is monitored by the first electromagnetic flowmeter 2, a pressure signal is monitored by the flat die pressure transmitter in the subway station simulation box body 4, and the pressure signal data is collected by the analog signal collection system CGCJ-7660A/48. 3. After the water head in the water head drain box 9 to be determined is stabilized, the placement height of the constant water head supply box 1 is adjusted according to the test simulation requirements to simulate the change of different upstream incoming water flows. 4. The water supply from the constant water head supply box is stopped to make the water flow dry naturally, so as to simulate the changes after the end of the incoming water. 5. According to different karst geological conditions, the parameters of the karst simulation pipeline 7 and the geological condition simulation box 3 are changed, the geological condition simulation box 3 are filled with acrylic beads with different particle sizes, and the experimental steps are repeated to obtain comparative experimental results; and 6. after the data of the analog signal collection system, the first electromagnetic flowmeter and the second electromagnetic flowmeter are settled, a relationship line between the upstream incoming water flow of the karst area and the anti-floating water level of the subway can be drawn, and the experimental results provide important data for the actual anti-floating design of the subway. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: (1). In the invention, the design of manufacturing the main body simulation box by using organic glass visualizes the simulation process, which is convenient to understand and observe the states of water movement under different geological conditions. Compared with the traditional simulation equipment, the invention can comprehensively and clearly observe the influence process of the underground incoming water in the karst areas on subway stations. (2). The invention monitors the simulation process through the flat die pressure transmitter, the electromagnetic flowmeters and other components. Compared with traditional manual measurement and recording modes, the monitoring mode has the advantages of being able to obtain water level, flow and other data more accurately, the value record and collection are simple and convenient, and the response relationship between the anti-floating water levels of the subway stations and the flow in different karst water-bearing medias can be analyzed. (3). The invention can change and control various parameters of the constant head supply box and the geological condition simulation box. According to the actual needs of the simulation experiment, comparative experimental analysis and research under specific conditions can be conducted for the complex hydrogeological conditions of the karst areas. The utility mode has flexible simulation applicability, so that the experimental data are more convincing.

Claims (8)

1. An anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas, comprising a constant water
head supply box, a main body simulation box, and a constant water head drain box, wherein the
constant water head supply box and the constant water head drain box both communicate with
the main body simulation box through pipelines; a partition plate with a height less than that of a
side wall of the constant water head supply box is arranged in the constant water head supply
box, the constant water head supply box is provided with a supply water outlet and a supply
outfall, the supply water outlet is located on one side of the partition plate, and the supply outfall
is located on the other side of the partition plate, and the supply water outlet communicates with
the main body simulation box through a pipeline; the main body simulation box is made of
organic glass, the main body simulation box is provided with a first water inlet, a second water
inlet, a first outfall and a second outfall, thefirst water inlet communicates with the supply
outfall through a pipeline, the second outfall communicates with the constant water head drain
box through a pipeline, a karst simulation pipeline, a subway station simulation box body and
geological condition simulation boxes are arranged in the main body simulation box, the both
ends of the karst simulation pipeline respectively communicate with the first water inlet and the
second outfall, a plurality of first simulation holes are formed in the upper part of the karst
simulation pipeline, a plurality of second simulation holes are formed in the lower part of the
karst simulation pipeline, and the hole spacing of the first simulation holes is greater than the
hole spacing of the second simulation holes; the subway station simulation box body is provided
with a test port and is connected with a flat die pressure transmitter through the test port; and a
plurality of geological condition simulation boxes are provided, a plurality of third simulation
holes are formed in the geological condition simulation boxes, and the geological condition
simulation boxes are filled with acrylic beads.
2. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 1, wherein a first
electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline between the supply water outlet and the
first water inlet, and the both ends of thefirst electromagnetic flowmeter are respectively
connected with the supply water outlet and the first water inlet through pipelines; and a second
electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline between the second outfall and the constant water head drain box, and the both ends of the second electromagnetic flowmeter are respectively connected with the second outfall and the constant water head drain box through pipelines.
3. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 2, wherein a first
control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the first electromagnetic flowmeter and the
first water inlet, a second control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the second outfall
and the second electromagnetic flowmeter, and a third control valve is arranged on the pipeline
between the second electromagnetic flowmeter and the constant water head drain box.
4. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 3, wherein a test
port is formed in the central position of each side face of the subway station simulation box body,
the test port is in threaded connection with the flat die pressure transmitter, the model number of
the flat die pressure transmitter is CGYL-204, and the flat die pressure transmitter is in line
connection with an analog signal collection system.
5. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 4, wherein the first
water inlet and the second water inlet are both formed in the left side face of the main body
simulation box, the first outfall is formed in the rear side face of the main body simulation box,
and the second outfall is formed in the right side face of the main body simulation box.
6. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 5, wherein the
constant water head supply box has an internal length of 0.4m, an internal width of 0.4m and an
internal height of 0.4m, and the partition plate has a height of 0.3m; the main body simulation
box has an internal length of 1.5m, an internal width of 0.5m and an internal height of 0.4m; and
the subway station simulation box body has an internal length of 48cm, an internal width of
13cm and an internal height of 18cm.
7. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 6, wherein the outer
diameter of the karst simulation pipeline is 3.5cm, the hole diameter of the first simulation hole
is 3mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 3mm; and the hole diameter of the second
simulation hole is 3mm, and the distance between the adjacent holes is 6mm.
8. The anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas of clam 7, wherein the
geological condition simulation box has an internal length of 79cm, an internal width of 14cm and an internal height of 19.5cm; and the hole diameter of the third simulation hole is 2mm, and the distance between the adjacent holes is 2mm.
AU2020103048A 2019-12-16 2020-10-27 Anti-floating simulation device of subways in karst areas Ceased AU2020103048A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201922249698.1 2019-12-16
CN201922249698.1U CN211085660U (en) 2019-12-16 2019-12-16 Karst area subway anti-floating simulation device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU2020103048A4 true AU2020103048A4 (en) 2020-12-24

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CN115389182A (en) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-25 武汉地铁集团有限公司 Simulation test device for measuring buoyancy of bottom plate of underground station, installation method and test method
CN115824862A (en) * 2022-12-23 2023-03-21 桂林理工大学 Device for testing erosion resistance of vertical buried pipe drilling backfill material in karst region
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