AU2020101236A4

AU2020101236A4 - Immersed wind turbine with ambulant blades to increase efficiency of harvesting wind energy to develop power generation capacity

Info

Publication number: AU2020101236A4
Application number: AU2020101236A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Mohammad Jafari
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-07-02
Filing date: 2020-07-02
Publication date: 2020-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-02

Abstract

Disclosed is an airborne wind turbine that possesses four ambulant blades to confront wind anti torque. Its novel design bans the air turbulence to devastate the structure by passing through the air front. Moreover, the dynamic blades centralize the air pressure on a single surface which leads to the proper air pressure difference and steady rotation. The power generation and lift systems are integrated into this design to extract energy from the wind blowing between 50-300(m) above the ground. The turbine is immersed and held by a tether which serves as both anchor and electricity transmission interface to the ground base. Analysis results reveal that the proposed concept can increase the flow stream wind velocity up to the maximum rate at the location of the generator due to the low-pressure region behind the kite. Disclosed owns the potential to overcome the limits of the actual wind turbines and to provide a large amount of renewable energy into huge farms. 1/6 DRAWINGS Figure 1

Description

1/6

DRAWINGS

Figure 1

IMMERSED WIND TURBINE WITH AMBULANT BLADES TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY OF HARVESTING WIND ENERGY TO DEVELOP POWER GENERATION CAPACITY TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to a novel of wind turbine with ambulant blades, in particular, to a new method for harvesting wind energy and increase the electric power production capacity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Nowadays, wind power usage has risen dramatically. By the end of 2016, the total power generation capacity has been around 486 gigawatts. Meanwhile, the production and utilization of wind energy by China, the USA, and Germany by the end of 2016 were the highest with a total production of 168, 82, and 50 megawatts, respectively. However, the establishment of wind farms is facing serious constraints, including a low efficiency of 200 to 300 times as far as thermal power plants. Also, the cost of exploiting large towers and blades of wind turbines with today's technology is extremely high. In the meantime, the wind turbines raise the height of the tower to maximize the energy use of the wind that causes environmental pollution. According to research, wind speeds in different parts of the planet, the average wind speed at about 80(m) is about 6(m/s) based on the data. Therefore, the operation of wind energy in all regions of the world has a certain relation to height. But to exploit more wind resources, the height of the wind turbine tower has to be increased, which is not economically feasible Turbines have nothing to do with the height. The tallest wind turbine has a height of 198 meters. Researches in this area demonstrate that with new technologies restrictions can be eliminated. Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) systems include advanced power generation technologies. These airborne turbines not only eliminate retaining towers but also deployable in areas where the installation of traditional wind turbines is inadequate or not possible. These types of turbines also work at high altitudes, reduce environmental pollution, and boost wind power generation at higher altitudes. At higher altitudes, wind speed is more stable and susceptible. Wind turbines cannot be used in the intense wind for safety purposes. Suitable wind speed range is from 5 to 25(m/s) for many wind turbines. Airborne turbines were introduced the word harnessing High-Altitude Wind Energy (HAWE), known as airborne wind energy (AWE). According to previous researches, the biggest weakness of fixed and high altitude wind turbines is their strong dependence on weather and climate conditions which plays a significant role in power generation. Wind speed is in direct relation with the height and the most important factor in the power generation by wind turbines is wind speed. Wind blow is the main factor to move to blades. They help convert wind energy to shaft torque but wind power can cause anti-torque in blades. The reason is the constant shape of blades which is one of the reasons decreasing the ratio between wind energy inputs to shaft torque. This concept is called Ambulant-Blades Wind Turbine (ABWT). This innovation investigates the design, modeling, and development of a new concept of a wind turbine with ambulant blades to subject blades to high pressure without negative efficiency in anti-torque.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The present invention airborne wind turbine to harvest high altitude wind energy supported by light gas-filled blimp is investigated. Since the conventional immersed wind turbines face the wind anti-torque problem, the concept of ambulant blades is proposed. This concept minimizes the air pressure on the closing blade while maximizing it on the opening blade. In continue, the overall structure of the wind turbine and its units are described in detail. A blimp is an airship that maintains the wind turbine and electric generators at a particular height. A tether is used as an electromechanical interface to transmit power to the ground-based station meanwhile the wind turbine is connected to ground. Four ambulant blades are applied to perform the core task and confront wind anti-torque. Blades are designed somehow being opened in the designated position and then being closed in another designated position, while the turbine is spinning. Buoyancy and stability analyses are also presenting the wind turbine will be floated according to the airship conditions. Harnessing high altitude wind energy is still prone to several challenges. Light gases like Hydrogen and Helium for buoyancy are expensive. Besides, hydrogen is sensitive to ignition and Helium is a limited element in its existence on earth. Moreover, control of aerostat at high altitude is also intractable. The performance of the proposed wind turbine is evaluated by CFD simulation. Results demonstrate the concept's capability to create a pressure difference between the opening and closing blades. Despite all challenges, the proposed wind turbine can be one of the supplements to fulfill high energy demands in standalone sites and remote locations. This wind turbine is light, effective, and towerless which turns it integrable to form huge wind farms.

Description of Drawings

To explain the related embodiments, the details of the illustrated design will be described according to the drawings. These aspects will acknowledge that the following description indicates the principles of the proposed design. By reading the description, certain scopes of the drawings and detailed disclosure will become understandable.

Figure. 1 is the main schematic of the wind turbine design consists of the ambulant blades, power generators, balloon (airship), tether, and ground base station.

Figure. 1 is illustrating the two generators are assembled in both sides of the wind turbine inside the rectangle boxes. Also, the power electronic equipment and control systems with the sensors are located inside these boxes.

Figure. 1 is illustrating the wind turbine is immersed in the air by being connected to the balloon which is filled with a light gas density in comparison to the air. Besides, the wind turbine and balloon are connected to the ground base station by taking advantage of the tether.

Figure. 2 is illustrating the ambulant blade which is consisting of four sheets, hinges, linear bearings, and the frame to keep the elements connected. Those sheets are connected from the middle with hinges to make a shutter which can move linearly by using the installed linear bearings on the frame. One solid tube is connected to one side of the shutter to force the shutter to be open or to be close based on the designated position.

Figure. 3 is illustrating the different conditions of the shutter while it is completely opened either it is completely closed. The hinges have different angles according to the location of the linear bearings.

Figure. 4 is illustrating the block diagram of the power distribution of the system. The AC voltage power generated by the generator will convert to DC voltage and then by using DC / DC converter, the current will be minimized and the voltage will be maximized. After the power supply to the ground base station, based on the load's demands, the power can be distributed to the grid either it can be saved to the battery banks.

Figure. 5 is illustrating the simulation of the designed wind turbine in a CFX tool. At this practice, airflow is passing through the half of the wind turbine and there is no tornado at the back of the blade. Which means the wind turbine is stable without any air turbulence.

Figure. 6 is illustrating the simulation of the designed wind turbine in a CFX tool. At this practice, airflow is passing through the whole of the wind turbine and there is no tornado at the back of the blade. This means the wind turbine is still stable without any air turbulence.

Figure. 7 is illustrating the pressure contour on the blades with different positions. The complete opened blade is experiencing the maximum required pressure while the complete closed blade is experiencing the minimum pressure which is defined as an anti-torque force.

Figure. 8 is illustrating the pressure contour on the surface of the blades. The opened blade is harvesting the wind energy while the opposite blade is closed and minimized the anti-torque.

Figure. 9 is illustrating is showing the relationships between height, wind speed, and power generation. By increasing height, wind speed will increase and as a result, the power generation will increase.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The system is composed of a tethered airfoil supporting two independent wind power generators. The wind turbine is connected to both power generators with a blimp. Blimp plays a critical role in the aerodynamic process of energy extraction instead of being just a passive component to fly the turbine. The lift system is a lighter-than-air flyer with longitudinal and lateral control capabilities. The tether serves to both anchor and to transmit electricity to the ground. A notable fact in the invention is ambulant blades which collect the wind and struggle to decrease anti-torque as a serious challenge that harms the efficiency of wind turbines. Therefore, as is shown in Figure 1, two key parts of the system are, the ambulant blades to collect and anti-torque the wind power, and a blimp for flying the system and having dam effect.

The core underlying purpose of this specific design is to reduce wind power anti-torque. The wind turbine is composed of four ambulant blades and every blade includes four sheets. Sheets are connected by a hinge in the middle of them to make a shutter. To form an ambulant blade, each shutter has a frame to make the opening and closing function, denotes Figure 2. Those two tubes on besides, are the shutters' rails and linear bearings can have moved on them linearly. Those two tubes on top and bottom, are connected to the shutter directly. The top tube is connected to the besides tubes by joints and they are fixed as a frame of a shutter. The bottom tube is connected to the other side of the shutter and also joint the shutter to the two linear bearings. The bottom tube, despite the other tubes, is solid and it is heavy in comparison to the other tubes. Therefore, the opening and closing task of the shutter will be done by taking advantage of gravity and using the bottom tube, Figure 3. Consequently, a blade in the highest state is opened to create positive torque, and another blade in the lowest state is closed for anti-torque reduction.

The main shaft and the two generators' shafts in besides are coupled together. Each blade is connected to the main shaft by two joints to form a wind turbine. The balloon is connected to the wind turbine by two rods through the generators' boxes. The turbine is a major component of the wind energy harvesting system which extracts kinetic energy of wind and converts it into mechanical energy. High-speed wind at high altitude gives relatively high rotational speed to the rotors. In this case, ambulant blades lead to reduce anti-torque. Hence, the turbine is directly coupled with two generators' shafts on both sides of the main shaft without the application of a gearbox. For this invention where the turbine possesses low rotational speed, a single-stage planetary gearbox is preferred. The planetary gearbox offers even mass distribution, higher power density, and better rotational stiffness than a parallel shaft gearbox. Detail explanations on the turbine and gearbox are not in the scope of this proposal and therefore not discussed further.

Tether is used for two primary objectives which are holding the blimp at a given altitude and transmit the power to the ground-based station efficiently. Figure 1. Shows the proposed tether for harvesting the HAWP prototype. The tether should possess sufficient tensile strength and flexibility to support the wind turbine. The adopted tether should own minimum resistance to avoid voltage drop and transmission loss along the line. Furthermore, tether should be resistant to physical tensions, humidity, radiation, and pollution. To select proper tether, Equations 1-3 are applied as the criterion. Equation 1 gives the relation between transmission voltage and conductor radius. The relation between transmission voltage and the thickness of the dielectric is formulated in Equation 2. The total weight of the cable is dependent on the conductor and insulator's dielectric weight. Equation 3 represents the weight of cable inside the tether as a function of the transmission voltage.

r (= 1_Pric 2 Equation1

tins= re exp [ - rc Equation2

= PconrrcL L + Ptinrc2tins(2rc + tins) Wcab Equation3

where re is conductor radius, P represents power level of transmission system, L stands for length of tether, r denotes opted transmission efficiency, ac depicts conductivity of the conductor and V illustrate transmission voltage level, tins is thickness of insulating layer, S denotes dielectric strength

of the insulator. Wcab is the weight of a single cable, tins is the thickness of insulator, Pcon and pin are the density of conductor and insulator respectively.

Blimp which is also referred to as Aerostat or Airship is a light gas-filled geometry that floats in the air. Assembly of blimp brings the construction of past airships filled with hydrogen and helium to mind. The size of the balloon and volume of gas to hold the wind turbine immersed is computed regarding the overall weight of the platform and required thrust. Blimp affords the buoyant force for the entire set. The amount of payload that a blimp can handle is extracted from the following Equation.

F = V9(Pa - Pg) Equation4

Where F is buoyant force on the blimp, Va is volume of blimp, pa is density of air and pg is density of filled gas.

3 For a 1m helium-filled blimp, the buoyant force is around ION (kg) as calculated from Equation 3 3. Hence, a blimp with 1 m volume can lift about 1(kg) of whole weight including the weight of the gas, balloon, electrical, and control payloads. Planning upward acceleration for blimp necessitates keeping payload lower than the computed value. The volume of gas for the blimp to be filled with is derived from the following equation.

epag-meg-mea Equation5 (a+g-Pg)pg

Where, a is intended upward acceleration of the blimp, g is acceleration due to gravity, me denotes mass of non-gaseous items in the blimp, mg stands for mass of gas inside the blimp, Ve demonstrates approximate volume of non-gaseous items in the blimp and V stands for the volume of gas filled inside the blimp.

As is shown in Figure 1, the air balloons have grooves in the corners, which are due to aerodynamics and cause air currents to flow. Also, the base of the balloon is curved to allow the balloon to be placed easily on it. The main reason for propulsion is the difference in pressure and propulsion severity is related to the difference in density. The pressure difference between the two levels causes an upward force. This force, which is referred to as the "buoyancy", varies in different heights regarding the pressure variations. The correct strategy is to reduce the density of the system relative to the air while keeping it in contact with the environment. Propulsion can move lighter bodies around the surrounding air, therefore, in loads that are heavier than atmospheric, weight gain overcomes propulsion. To raise an object in the air, the mass of its unit volume should be lighter than the surrounding air. Given the preconditions provided, the free diagram of the forces on the set is equal to:

FNet = FBuoyancy- Fweigt =' MTOTALaLift Equation6

FBuoyancy ( Pair- Phelium)9Vhelium-cylinder Equation7

(Pair - Phelium)9Vheliumcyiner - 9MTOTAL = MTOTALaLif t Equation8

Where FNet is algebraic sum of forces entering the wind turbine, FBuoyancy is buoyancy force, Fweight is gravity force, MTOTAL is total weight, aLift is lifting acceleration, Pair is air density, Phelium is helium gas density, Vheliumcylinder is cylinder volume.

In the given coordinate system, the direction for increasing the height is assumed to be positive, therefore, the values must be calculated to moves the system with positive and constant acceleration. The set will be suspended by the cable at the desired height. According to the Normal Temperature and Pressure NTP, the density of air is 1.225(kg/m 3 ) and the density of helium is 0.1664(kg/m 3) and the difference in density between these two gases is 1.0586(kg/m 3). This means that 1 cubic meter of helium gas can raise 1.058(kg) of free air. Therefore, the helium gas flow per cubic meter at ground level is equal to 9.8(N). This force is up to a height of 1(km) from the Earth's surface with a very good approximation unchanged. As the height increases to 100(km), the gravity acceleration diminishes by 0.3 (N/s 2), hence, the approximation is still valid for this height. Therefore, at the studied height, calculations are accurate. The notable point is that each cubic meter of helium gas has a mass equal to 0.1664(kg) and at a low altitude a weighting force is equal to 1.630N; hence, each cubic meter of helium gas in the air produces a net drain force that is equal 8.17(N). The concept of this innovation is made of carbon fiber composite, due to low weight and high resistance to exerted forces. At Table. 1 all the parts are included with their estimated weight. To raise up the wind turbine, the set must rise with a positive acceleration. Hence, we consider acceleration equal is to 0.5(kg/m 2

) and taking into account the weight of the whole set, the volume of helium gas inside the blimp is calculated as Equation 9.

((Pair -Phelium)Vheliumcylinder MTOTAL)g aLtf =TTA Equation 9-a MTOT AL

((1.225-0.1664)Vhelium-1s.8)9.8 = 0.5 -* Velium = 15.68 m 3 Equation 9-b 15.8

Table 1: Estimation of the components weight

Part Weight (g) Quantity Tot. Weight (g)

Main Shaft 200 1 200 Circular Piece 100 2 200 Sheet 100 16 1600 Joint 25 12 300 Cylinder 50 8 400 Columns Bearing 100 8 800 Heavy Bar 300 4 1200 Generator 2000 2 4000 Blimp 2000 1 2000 Blimp 50 2 100 Connection Bar Tether 5000 1 5000

The wind turbine requires sustainability calculations against air currents turbulence. Control and stability analysis of the wind turbine, demands the speed of rotation in different situations. In this concept, further to the weight limit, there is also a speed limit because wind turbine blades have linear motion. Hence, from faster speed, according to the law of centrifugal force, all the blades will be closed and the wind turbine has a freewheel movement. In this case, according to the given estimated weight of the parts, the maximum wind turbine speed to avoid the problem of shutters being closed undesirably is calculated by Equations 10-12. 2 Mi' F = ma = EquationlO

Where F is centrifugal force, m is the mass of a blade, V is speed, r is turbine radius, a is acceleration.

F - Fc 1 = ma EquationI1-a

Assuming that a = 0:

Fg Fc 1 Equation11-b

mg =Equationll 2 I-c V

g= Equation11-d

Where F is gravity force, Fc 1 and Fc2 is centrifugal force, m is the mass of a blade, V is speed, and r is turbine radius.

In Equation 12, the friction of bearings and hinges is not considered. In the wind turbine, the distance between the heavy bar and the main shaft, when the shutter is completely open, is 1000(mm). Hence, if r-1000(mm), the maximum rate of speed is 3.13(m/s) and faster wind flow can cause shutters to be closed. Hence, we will review how to control this limitation to keep the wind turbine in power generation.

9.8= -> V = 3.13 m/s Equation12

Another critical challenge is the possibility of disintegration of the set at a certain height due to the air pressure decrease outside the balloon. Furthermore, changing the physical state of helium gas and the possibility of its condensation due to changes in pressure and temperature should be thermodynamically analyzed. This concept is a kind of high-altitude wind power (HAWP) generation system with ambulant blades. The speed of the wind increases with the increasing altitude from the ground surface as expressed by Equation 13.

v(h)= vO [{a Equation13

Where v(h) is the speed of wind in (m/s) at an altitude h in (m) above the earth's surface, vo is the known wind speed in (m/s) at a known altitude ho above the earth's surface in (m), and a is the Hellman's coefficient of the surface that depends on the terrain. The electrical power generated by the wind turbine can be expressed as Equation 14.

PTur = pCp(A)ATv(h) =pC(A)AT Rwm Equation14 opt

Where PTur is the electrical power generated by wind turbine in Watts, variables AT, R, and wsm represent the swept area of rotor blade in (m2 ), rotor radius in (m), and rotational speed of the wind turbine, respectively. Similarly, Cp(A) and Apt are the power extraction coefficient and the optimal tip speed ratio of the wind turbine, respectively. In this concept, one of the main constraints is the weight of the systems. In previous studies on various machines, the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) is the preferred choice as an air-borne electric generator for the system. Because PMSG's weight is appropriate for this concept with around 2-5(Kg) and also the nominal power output at low rpm is one of the important advantages of PMSG generators. Weight Modeling of PMSG is a vital issue for designing high-altitude wind turbine generators as the heaviest part of the system. Two PMSG axial flux machines that are placed at two separate boxes stay on both sides of the main shaft for the conversion of wind power to electricity. The boxes holding PMSGs have two main tasks: a. The boxes are connected to the blimp by two arms and also keep connected to the wind turbine by the tether to the ground. b. Converters and central intelligence system are embedded in these boxes to efficiently control the process. The AC voltage generated by PMSG needs to be converted into DC voltage in the wind turbine by two converters which are embedded in two generators' boxes for efficient transmission. The power converter consists of rectifiers at the generator side, DC-DC converter in the transmission side, and an inverter in the ground station as shown in Figure 4. In wind turbines, the airflow velocity creates pressure on turbine blades. Given that the Wind turbine has movable blades, the pressure applied to the open blade must be checked to calculate the maximum power output to the main shaft. To calculate the maximum power generated, first, assuming that the pressure applied to the open blade is known, Equation 15 represents the amount of force applied to the turbine blades.

F = IA Equation15

Where F is forces applied to the blades, P is pressure of wind flow applied to the blades and A is blade area. Given that the forces applied to the blade are not evenly distributed, the matrix in Equation 16 is used to generalize the forces applied to wind turbine blades. Hence, the blade surface is divided into n equals and then the total force input is calculated based on the matrix.

-A1 '" A1 FTotal= . Equation16

. l/An ..- P /An.

Considering the force applied to the blades, Equation 17 is used to calculate the torque applied to the main shaft of the wind turbine which is transferred to the generator shaft.

T = r X Fotai Equation17

Where T is main shaft torque, r is radius of transmission bar and Fotai is forces applied to blades. The angular velocity of the wind turbine is represented in Equation 18.

Wsm = VR Equation18

Where wsm is angular velocity, V is wind speed and R is radius of wind turbine. Calculating angular velocity is practically managed by Hall Effect sensor.

According to Figure 9 and Equation 13, the increase in wind speed has a direct relation with height. However, due to the speed limit, the wind turbine has been simulated at speed 3.5(m/s) and results are represented in Figure 9. The power output of the two generators is around 2(KW). To increase the speed limit so that the turbine rotates more rapidly, the blade spacing can be increased from the turbine axis, which increases the torque applied to the main shaft. It should be noted that the excessive increase of blades from the main shaft causes the blades to be fragile. Therefore, to strengthen the tubes of the retaining blades, it should raise its weight, which is limited to this concept. In the wind turbine, wind speed and direction are two critical factors to be constantly monitored as these are inputs for controlling the generator brake in exposure to the wind stream. On the land station, there is a rotating circular plate, which it has to put the wind turbine in the direction ofwind blowing by rotating the set. An embedded sensing system is installed on the wind turbine for measuring parameters and sending them to the land station for processing by computer. Wind turbine equipment such as Cable reels, power devices, and inverters are installed on the land station. Central Intelligence System (CIS) consists of a gyroscope, altimeter, anemometer sensors, and the control system unit.

The Control system is reading the data from sensors to process and transmit to the ground station for performance monitoring. The task of the anemometer sensor is to detect the airflow direction at the desired height by the altimeter sensor. The resultant command will put the wind turbine in the wind direction by the circular movable ground station assisted by a gyroscope positioning sensor. Also, CIS is equipped with a Hall sensor for measuring the speed of the wind turbine's main shaft. It enlists the assistance to optimal speed control by generator brake. Hence CIS owns a significant role in increasing power generation by optimization of the system's position.

In the design aspects of wind turbines, the aerodynamics of the turbine is one of the most vital subjects. To analyze the pressure applied to wind turbine body and transient airflow from the wind turbine, by taking advantage of CFX tools, the structure of this concept has been analyzed during the movement in different positions. In CFX wind turbine analysis, an enclosure is considered to surround the wind turbine. From one side of the enclosure, the airflow enters, and from another side, the air flows out. Given the limitation in airflow velocity as an important challenge, the wind turbine has been analyzed in the 3(m/s) airflow. Initially, the aerodynamics of the wind turbine is tested by air currents to ensure the flow efficiency of the exhaust air as it is the main factor of wind turbine rotation. The results are shown in Figure 5-6. To calculate the force generated by the airflow, we need to analyze the amount of pressure that comes into the wind turbine blades. Based on the equations, the torque input to the main shaft can be calculated. In the CFX tool, the spin parameters are considered, and the pressure applied to the turbine blades is shown in Figure 7-8. As seen in Figure 5-6, the wind stream hits a turbine blade at a speed of 3m / s and increases the airflow around the blade to about 4 m / s. Also, tornadoes created behind the blade have a speed of less than 1 m / s and do not have any effect on the stability of the system's rotation. In Figure 7-8, the pressure contour applied to the open blade is about 9 Pascal. But the pressure applied to the close blades is less than 1 Pascal. As a result, the turbine always receives rotational power in one direction, and this factor produces more torque in the proposed design.

Claims

Editorial Note 2020101236 There is only one page of the claim The claims defining the invention are as follows:

1. We lay claim to a new method of harvesting wind energy by the proposed wind turbine that is made by ambulant blades which they have a linear movement according to the position that they are located. These blades can be positioned in a complete open condition and a complete close condition. While a blade is going to the designated position to be completely opened, the other blade is going to another designated position to be completely closed.

2. We lay claim according to claim 1, wherein the blade is completely opened, the harvested wind energy is maximized. Also on the other side, wherein the other blade is completely closed, the anti-torque force from wind energy is minimized.

3. We lay claim according to claim I to 2, increasing the volume of harvesting wind energy by canceling the wind energy anti-torque, the delivered main power torque to the main shaft would increase the electric power generation based on the PMSGs generators.

4. We lay claim this concept is an immersed wind turbine by taking advantage of a balloon (airship) that moves the wind turbine to high altitudes. The balloon may be filled with helium gas or any other safe combination of gases which is lighter than air density.

5. We lay claim the power distribution system is defined by two sections. The first section is located inside the wind turbine which for the aim of power conversion and transmission to the ground base station to minimize the losses. The second is located in the ground base station to prepare the power for transmission or saving based on the load's demands.

6. We lay claim the control system is a closed-loop system and the feedback of the system will be provided through the load's demands and requirements. Also based on the used sensors, the whole of the system and performances will be monitored from the ground base station for further assistance.