AU2016250434B2 - A vehicle having a ramp arrangement and a ramp arrangement - Google Patents
A vehicle having a ramp arrangement and a ramp arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- AU2016250434B2 AU2016250434B2 AU2016250434A AU2016250434A AU2016250434B2 AU 2016250434 B2 AU2016250434 B2 AU 2016250434B2 AU 2016250434 A AU2016250434 A AU 2016250434A AU 2016250434 A AU2016250434 A AU 2016250434A AU 2016250434 B2 AU2016250434 B2 AU 2016250434B2
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- ramp
- extendible
- load support
- vehicle
- pivoting
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Abstract
:
A vehicle such as a trailer for carrying a load is disclosed. The vehicle includes a load
5 support having a deck surface for carrying a load, and a ramp arrangement including a
plurality of ramp sections extending across the lateral width of the load support. Each
ramp section includes a pivoting ramp part pivotable between horizontal and inclined
positions. The first extendible ramp part is mounted on the pivoting ramp part and is
displaceable between a retracted and extended position. The second extendible ramp
10 part is mounted on the first extendible ramp part and is displaceable between a retraced
and extended position. Further left and right ramp sections may be moved between
laterally narrowed and laterally widened conditions to receive a wide load vehicle. The
ramp arrangement is capable of forming a ramp surface from the deck surface to a road
surface when the first and second extendible ramp parts are in the extended positions.
15
FIGURE 11 FOR PUBLICATION
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Description
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The present disclosure relates to a vehicle having a ramp arrangement. It also extends to a ramp arrangement for a vehicle.
The disclosure relates particularly to a vehicle that is a trailer or semi-trailer having a load deck including a ramp arrangement and operatively coupled to a prime mover. It will therefore be convenient to hereinafter describe this disclosure with reference to this example application. At the same time however it should be realized that the disclosure is capable of broader application. For example this disclosure could equally be applied to a vehicle having its own motive power such as a truck. It does not need to be a trailer that is coupled to a prime mover.
The applicant hereby explicitly incorporates the content and disclosure and teachings of their earlier application AU 2009203202 published approximately February 2011 by the Australian Patent Office into this specification by direct cross reference.
In the specification the term "comprising" shall be understood to have a broad meaning similar to the term "including" and will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps. This definition also applies to variations on the term "comprising" such as "comprise" and "comprises".
In this specification the term "trailer" shall be interpreted broadly and shall include all manner and forms of trailers including a semi-trailer.
In this specification the term "hinge" shall also be interpreted broadly and shall include all forms of pivotally mounting a member to a support.
Heavy trailers such as semi-trailers are used for hauling heavy loads on roads to transport loads from one location to another location. In particular trailers can be used for transporting heavy vehicular equipment for the mining, civil construction, and military industries. These heavy vehicles include as trucks, cars, tractors, bobcats, forklift trucks, front end loaders, bull dozers, other ground moving equipment, tanks and armoured cars (hereinafter load vehicles).
Such vehicular equipment is generally carried or supported on a load deck of a heavy trailer when it is moved from one location to another. During operation it is necessary to load the vehicles on the deck of the trailer and also to unload the load vehicles from the deck of the trailer. This can conveniently be done by providing a driving ramp arrangement at a tail end or rear end of the load deck of the trailer. The load vehicle can be moved up the ramp onto the load deck of the trailer for loading and can be moved down the ramp for unloading.
In the prior art it has been known to provide two parallel track ramps, one towards each side of the vehicle, e.g. a trailer, to form the driving ramp arrangement. One such example is shown in Fig 1 of the drawings. As shown the two parallel track ramps are operatively able to pivot between a downwardly inclined loading position extending rearwards away from the vehicle in which they form a ramp up which and down which a vehicle can be moved and a vertically upstanding travelling position (hereinafter called the prior art vertically upstanding ramp arrangement).
When the trailer is traveling along a road the ramps are in their inoperative or traveling positions. When the trailer is stationary and it is desired to offload vehicles the track ramps are pivoted from their travelling position down into their loading position. The ramp tracks form a ramp that extends from the load deck down onto a support surface, e.g. the road, on which the trailer is standing.
A disadvantage of this vertically upstanding driving ramp arrangement is that the two track ramps project vertically upward when the trailer is driven along a road. This arrangement has a high drag coefficient (Cd) causing a high level of drag resistance when traveling at cruise speeds. Yet further it requires a significant pivoting action of the track ramps, which are bulky, to change the ramps from the upstanding travelling position to the lowered loading position. The track ramps have to pivot through more than ninety degrees as indicated in Figure 1 and because they are bulky and heavy the moment at the mounting point when they are being lowered into the operative position is substantial. The raising and lowering arrangement for these ramps has to be engineered to manage the heavy and long ramps.
Currently there is a drive to reduce energy consumption and particularly carbon based fuels, and it would therefore be advantageous to devise a ramp arrangement which caused less drag and was therefore more energy efficient. It would also be advantageous if an elegant engineering solution could be devised that provided a ramp that was quick and easy to move between the operative and inoperative positions and that didn't have to pivot a long and heavy track ramp through a wide angle.
The reference to prior art in the background above is not and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the referenced prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia or in any other country.
According to one aspect of the disclosure there is provided a vehicle for carrying a load, the vehicle including: a load support for carrying a load; a ramp arrangement operatively coupled to the load support, including at least one ramp section extending across the lateral width of the load support, each ramp section including: a pivoting ramp part that is pivotable relative to the load support; a first extendible ramp part mounted on the pivoting ramp part that is displaceable between a retracted and extended position; and a second extendible ramp part mounted on the first extendible ramp part that is displaceable between a retracted and extended position, wherein the ramp arrangement can be used to form a ramp surface from the deck surface to a road surface when pivoting ramp part is pivoted and the first and second extendible ramp parts are in their extended positions.
The load support may include a chassis, and further the load support may include a deck surface. Each first extendible ramp part may be displaced with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the pivoting ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the pivoting ramp part.
Each second extendible ramp part may be displaced with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the first extendible ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the first extendible ramp part.
The vehicle may include a ramp extending drive arrangement for driving each first extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions, and each second extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions.
The ramp extending drive arrangement may include a first hydraulic drive acting between the first extendible ramp part and the pivoting ramp part to move the first extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions.
The ramp extending drive arrangement may further include a second hydraulic drive acting between the first extendible ramp part and the second extendible ramp part to the second extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions.
Each of the first and second hydraulic drives may include a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the first extendible ramp part and a ram acting on the pivoting ramp part or the second extendible ramp part.
The first and second hydraulic drives may be configured such that their rams are extended and retracted together whereby to extend and retract the first and second extendible members together. Optionally the rams may extend and retract simultaneously at the same rate, e.g. by operatively coupling the first and second hydraulic drives to each other.
The first and second hydraulic drives may be driven by a common hydraulic fluid supply at the same pressure so that the rams of the first and hydraulic drives are displaced in the same direction at substantially the same rate. The pivoting ramp part may be pivotally mounted on the load support by means of a hinge, and may be pivoted between a horizontally extending traveling position and a downward inclined loading position.
The vehicle may include a ramp pivoting drive arrangement for driving the pivoting ramp part between the traveling and loading positions. Further the ramp pivoting drive arrangement may pivot the pivoting ramp part independently of extension and retraction of the first and second extendible ramp parts.
The ramp pivoting drive arrangement may include at least one pivoting hydraulic drive acting between the main load support or chassis and the pivoting ramp part.
Each pivoting hydraulic drive may include a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the chassis and a ram extending to and bearing against the pivoting ramp part so that displacement of the ram displaces the ramp part between the traveling and operative positions.
Conveniently there are two pivoting hydraulic drives laterally spaced from each other on the chassis, e.g. one towards each side of the chassis.
The ramp arrangement may form a ramp surface extending from the deck surface to a vehicle support surface such as the road when the pivoting ramp part is pivoted to the loading position, and the first and second extendible ramp parts are extended to their extended positions.
The load support may comprise a plurality of load support sections across the lateral width of the load support surface, and the ramp arrangement may comprise a plurality of ramp sections, each of which is associated with a corresponding load support section.
Each ramp section may be operatively attached to and substantially aligned with an associated load support section such that the ramp section moves with its associated load support section.
At least one of the load support sections and its associated ramp section may be movable in a lateral direction.
The load support may include left and right load support sections across the lateral width of the deck surface that are laterally displaceable between a laterally narrowed condition and a laterally widened condition.
The ramp arrangement may include left and right ramp sections corresponding to the left and right load support sections, and the left ramp section may be operatively attached to the left load support section and the left ramp section may be operatively attached to the left load support section.
Thus the left and right ramp sections may move together with the main load sections between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened positions.
The vehicle may further include a deck widening drive arrangement for driving the left and right load support sections and associated ramp sections between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened positions.
The deck widening drive arrangement may comprise one widening hydraulic drive extending between the chassis and the left load support section and another widening hydraulic drive extending between the chassis and the right load support section.
Each widening hydraulic drive may include a cylinder mounted on the chassis and a ram received within the cylinder and movable relative thereto and extending to one of the left and right load support sections.
The vehicle may further include a stationary central load support section intermediate the left and right load support sections. Together the left and right load support sections and the central load support section may form a substantially planar rectangular deck surface having a leading end and a trailing end and lateral sides extending between the leading and trailing ends.
The vehicle may further include a stationary central ramp section between the left and right ramp sections, and the stationary central ramp section may have a length corresponding substantially to the pivoting ramp part.
The vehicle may include at least one load support sliding support arrangement for supporting the movable load support sections on the chassis such that they are displaceable between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened conditions.
The load support sliding support arrangement vertically supports the load support sections on the chassis also guides translational displacement of the movable load support sections laterally between the narrowed and widened condition.
Each load support sliding support arrangement includes at least two arms on the chassis or stationary central load support, and a sleeve defining a passage on its associated movable load support, through which the arm is passed and which can slide relative to the arm.
Optionally the arms may project out from each side of the stationary load support section and sleeves from the left and right movable load support sections may be mounted over left and right ends of the arms respectively.
Each sliding support arrangement may include a plurality of support arms spaced apart along the length of the load support.
The vehicle may further include at least one ramp sliding support arrangement for supporting the left and right movable ramp sections on the pivotal ramp part such that they are displaceable between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened conditions.
Each ramp sliding support arrangement may include at least one arm on the stationary central ramp section and a sleeve defining a passage on the associated left or right ramp section, through which the arm is passed and which can slide relative to the arm.
The vehicle may also include a locking arrangement for locking the pivotal ramp part in the traveling position extending horizontally and generally co-planar with the load bearing surface. The locking arrangement may also be able to lock the pivotal ramp part in the operative position inclining downward away from the load support.
The vehicle may include at least one user controller unit interfaced with a hydraulic system of the vehicle for controlling the hydraulic drives and the locking arrangement.
The chassis may include two transversely spaced and longitudinally extending elongated support beams.
The vehicle may be a trailer may be mounted on wheels and be operatively coupled to a prime mover or tractor.
The trailer may be a semi-trailer that is operatively coupled to a prime mover.
The load support may include a raised portion toward a leading end thereof of the load support body and the semi-trailer may include a coupling arrangement for coupling to a fifth-wheel hitch of a prime mover on the raised portion.
Instead the vehicle may have its own motive power for driving on a road, e.g. a truck.
The main load support may include an enclosed goods carrying compartment which does not open to the outside air.
According to another aspect of the disclosure there is provided a vehicle for carrying a load, the vehicle including: a ramp arrangement operatively coupled to a support on the vehicle, the ramp arrangement including: a first extendible ramp part that is displaceable between a retracted and extended position; and a second extendible ramp part mounted on the first extendible ramp part that is displaceable between a retracted and extended position, wherein the ramp arrangement is capable of forming a ramp surface for loading and unloading when the first and second extendible ramp parts are in the extended positions.
The vehicle may include a load support and the ramp arrangement may be operatively coupled to the load support.
The ramp arrangement may include any one or more of the features of the ramp arrangement defined in the preceding aspect of the disclosure.
Further the load support may include any one or more of the features of the ramp arrangement defined in the preceding aspect of the disclosure.
According to another aspect of the disclosure there is provided a ramp arrangement for a load carrying vehicle, the ramp arrangement including: at least one ramp section sized to extend across a lateral width of the load support, including: a pivoting ramp part that is pivotably mountable on the load support; a first extendible ramp part mounted on the pivoting ramp part that is displaceable between a retracted and extended position; and a second extendible ramp part mounted on the first extendible ramp part that is displaceable between a retracted and extended position, wherein the ramp arrangement is capable of forming a ramp surface from the deck surface to a road surface when the first and second extendible ramp parts are in the extended positions.
The vehicle may include a chassis and a load support having a deck surface for carrying a load mounted on the chassis, and the ramp arrangement may include a mounting arrangement for mounting it on the vehicle, e.g. the chassis or the load support.
The ramp arrangement may include any one or more of the features of the ramp arrangement defined in the preceding aspect of the disclosure.
The ramp arrangement may be operatively coupled to a load support of a trailer.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a ramp arrangement for a heavy vehicle, the vehicle having a chassis and a load support having a deck surface for carrying a load mounted on the chassis, the ramp arrangement including at least one ramp section sized to extend across a lateral width of the load support, the ramp section including: a pivoting ramp part comprising a hydraulic drive mountable on the chassis and/or load support for hydraulically pivoting the ramp part relative to the deck surface; a first extendible ramp part mounted on the pivoting ramp part that is hydraulically displaceable with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the pivoting ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the pivoting ramp part, and hydraulically displaceable between the extended position and the retracted position; and a second extendible ramp part mounted on the first extendible ramp part that is hydraulically displaceable with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the first extendible ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the first extendible ramp part, and hydraulically displaceable between the extended position and the retracted position, wherein pivoting of the ramp part and displacement of the first and second ramp parts to their extended positions can form a ramp surface from the deck surface of the vehicle to a substantially flat road surface on which the vehicle is located, wherein a distal end of the first extendible ramp part is away from the road surface and a distal end of the second extendible ramp part is adjacent the road surface, and wherein pivoting of the ramp part can form a substantially planar extension of the deck surface of the vehicle configurable between at least two configurations: (a) wherein the first and second extendible ramp parts are retracted; and (b) wherein the first and second extendible ramp parts are extended.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a heavy vehicle for carrying a load, including: a load support for carrying a load the load support having a chassis and a deck surface; and ramp arrangement including at least one ramp section sized to extend across a lateral width of the load support, wherein the ramp section includes: a pivoting ramp part that is pivotably mountable on the load support, comprising a hydraulic drive mountable on the chassis and/or load support for hydraulically pivoting the ramp part relative to the deck surface; a first extendible ramp part mounted on the pivoting ramp part that is hydraulically displaceable with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the pivoting ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the pivoting ramp part, and hydraulically displaceable between the extended position and the retracted position; and a second extendible ramp part mounted on the first extendible ramp part that is hydraulically displaceable with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the first extendible ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the first extendible ramp part, and hydraulically displaceable between the extended position and the retracted position, wherein pivoting of the ramp part and displacement of the first and second ramp parts to their extended positions can form a ramp surface from the deck surface of the vehicle to a substantially flat road surface on which the vehicle is located, wherein a distal end of the first extendible ramp part is away from the road surface and a distal end of the second extendible ramp part is adjacent the road surface, and wherein pivoting of the ramp part can form a substantially planar extension of the deck surface of the vehicle configurable between at least two configurations: (a) wherein the first and second extendible ramp parts are retracted; and (b) wherein the first and second extendible ramp parts are extended.
A vehicle that is a semi-trailer and a ramp arrangement in accordance with this disclosure may manifest itself in a variety of forms. It will be convenient to hereinafter describe two embodiments of the disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The purpose of providing this detailed description is to instruct persons having an interest in the subject matter of the disclosure how to carry the disclosure into practical effect.
However it is to be clearly understood that the specific nature of this detailed description does not supersede the generality of the preceding broad description. In the drawings:
Figure 1 in an upper perspective view of a semi-trailer in accordance with the prior art having a vertically upstanding ramp arrangement;
Figure 2 is an upper perspective view of a trailer in accordance with a first embodiment of the disclosure having a ramp arrangement that can pivot between travelling and operative positions and first and second extendible ramp parts that can extend to form a ramp surface;
Figure 3A is an upper perspective view of a ramp arrangement for the semi-trailer of Figure 2 in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure shown in a retracted position;
Figure 3B is a lower perspective view of the ramp arrangement for the trailer of Figure 2 again shown in the retracted position and in a downward sloping operative position;
Figure 4 shows a bottom plan view of the ramp arrangement of Figure 3 shown in an extended position;
Figure 5 is a side view of the ramp arrangement of Figure 4 shown in an extended position;
Figure 6 is an exploded lower perspective view of the ramp arrangement of Figure 5 again shown in an extended position;
Figure 7 is an upper perspective view of a trailer in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure having a load support with movable left and right load support sections shown in a retracted laterally narrowed condition;
Figure 8 is an upper perspective view of the ramp arrangement in Figure 7 again in a retracted position and with the ramp arrangement pivoted down into an operative position;
Figure 9 is an upper perspective view of the ramp arrangement of Figure 7 shown in a retracted position but also in a horizontally extending travelling position and in a laterally widened condition;
Figure 10 is a rear perspective view of the ramp arrangement of Figure 8 shown in an extended condition and also inclined down towards the ground;
Figure 11 is a lower perspective view of the ramp arrangement of Figure 10 shown in the same position and condition as in Figure 10; and
Figure 12 is an upper perspective view of a trailer and ramp arrangement of Figure 7 showing the load deck and ramp arrangement in a laterally widened condition and the ramp arrangement in an operative position extending down to the ground.
Figure 1 shows a prior art semi-trailer with ramp arrangement in accordance with the prior art. This semi-trailer has already been discussed in detail in the background section and will not be described in more detail in the following detailed description.
Figures 2 to 6 show a vehicle which is a semi-trailer 10 having a ramp arrangement 12 in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure.
The vehicle 10 comprises broadly a chassis 14 with road wheels 16 mounted on the chassis 14 and a load support 20 having a deck surface 22 for carrying a load mounted on the chassis 14. The chassis 14 includes two parallel longitudinally extending chassis rails or support beams.
The ramp arrangement 12 includes one ramp section that extends across the full lateral width of the load support 20, including a pivoting ramp part 30 that is pivotable relative to the load support 20 and first and second extendible ramp parts 32 and 34. The pivoting ramp part 30 is mounted on a read end of the chassis 14. The first extendible ramp part 32 is mounted on the pivoting ramp part 30 and the second extendible ramp part 34 is mounted on the first extendible ramp part 32.
We now discuss each of these components in more detail.
The pivoting ramp part 30 includes a hinging arrangement for pivotally mounting the ramp part 30 on the chassis 12 about a transverse hinge axis at the rear end of the load support 20. The hinging arrangement includes hinge pins on the ramp part 30 and cooperating hinge sleeves on the chassis 14 which are mounted towards adjacent edges of the pivoting ramp part 30 and the chassis respectively. The ramp part 30 is hingedly displaceable about the hinge axis between an operative or loading position in which the ramp traverse surface inclines downwardly in a rearward direction away from a rear end of the deck surface 22 and a traveling position in which the ramp traverse surface 44 extends generally horizontally away from the load support 20 substantially in plane or co-planar with the deck surface. The pivoting ramp part 30 is engineered so that is can pivot through at least 10 degrees and preferably through 13 to 17 degrees between the inclined operative position and the horizontal traveling position.
The pivoting ramp part 30 is pivoted between a horizontally extending traveling position and a downward inclined loading position and the vehicle 10 includes a pivoting drive arrangement 40 for driving the pivoting ramp part 30 between these positions. The pivoting drive arrangement 40 comprises a pair of laterally spaced hydraulic drives acting between the load support 20 or chassis 14 and the pivoting ramp part 30. Each hydraulic drive comprises a cylinder mounted on mounting brackets on the chassis 14 of the vehicle 10 and a ram movable relative to the cylinder. The ram is mounted on mounting brackets provided on the ramp part 30 such that extension of the ram pivots the ramp part 30.
The first extendible ramp part 32 is displaced with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the pivoting ramp part 30 and an extended position in which it projects out beyond the pivoting ramp part 30. Similarly the second extendible ramp part 34 is displaced with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the first extendible ramp part 32 and an extended position in which it projects out of the first extendible ramp part 32 and the pivoting ramp part 30.
Each extendible ramp part 32, 34 comprises two laterally spaced rearward projecting arms. The arms of the first extendible ramp part 32 and the second extendible ramp part 34 are aligned. Each arm of the first extendible ramp part 30 is mounted on and at least partly received within the pivoting ramp part 30. Also the pivoting ramp part 30 is configured to guide movement of the arms of the first extendible ramp part 32. Correspondingly each arm of the second extendible ramp part 34 is mounted on its corresponding first extendible ramp part 32 and is vertically supported by the first extendible ramp part 32 and is also guided in its movement by the associated arm of the first extendible ramp part 32.
The construction of the first and second extendible ramp parts illustrated in the drawings will now be described in some detail.
The pivoting ramp part is in the form of a rectangular box shape and has two spaced arm receiving receptacles towards each side thereof for receiving the arms of the first and second extendible ramp parts 32, 34. Each arm of the first extendible ramp part 32 is configured to be complementary to the arm receiving receptacle of the ramp part 30 within which it is received and is also box shaped in the form of a flat rectangular box. The arm is received in the receptacle with a small clearance and is slidingly supported in position by support formations on the ramp part 30. Some packing elements may be used to provide a tight sliding fit of the extendible ramp parts within the receptacle.
Each first extendible ramp part 32 forms a receptacle which is open at its leading end within which an arm of the second extendible ramp part 34 is received. In the retracted position the first extendible ramp part 32 is substantially fully received within the receptacle on the ramp part 30 and in the extended position substantially all of the arm projects out of the receptacle. Each arm of the second extendible ramp part 34 is configured in the form of a flat rectangular box which is complementary to the receptacle in the ramp part 32 within which it is received. The first extendible ramp part 32 has support formations that support the second extendible ramp part 34 vertically in position and also permit it to slide relative to the first extendible ramp part 34. These structural features are best shown in Figures 4 and 6.
In the retracted position the second extendible ramp part 34 is substantially fully received within the first receptacle on the first extendible ramp part 32 and in the extended position substantially all of the arm projects out of the receptacle on the extendible part 32. A terminal end of each arm of the second ramp part 34 is tapered to form a foot for resting on a support surface.
Thus the arms of the second extendible ramp part 34 are received within the arms of the first extendible ramp part 32 which in turn are received within arm receiving receptacles on the first ramp part 30.
The vehicle 10 also includes a ramp extension drive arrangement 36 for driving the first extendible ramp part 32 between the retracted and extended positions and the second extendible ramp part 34 between the retracted and extended positions. The drive arrangement 36 includes a first hydraulic drive 38 acting between the first extendible ramp part 32 and the pivoting ramp part 30, and a second hydraulic drive 39 acting between the first extendible ramp part 32 and the second extendible ramp part 34.
The first hydraulic drive 38 comprises a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the first extendible ramp part 32 and a ram extending to and bearing against the pivoting ramp part 30. The second hydraulic drive 39 includes a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the first extendible ramp part 32 and a ram extending to and bearing against the second extendible ramp part 34. Conveniently the drive 38 comprises two hydraulic cylinders, one in each arm of ramp part 32. Similarly the hydraulic drive 39 comprises two hydraulic cylinders one in each arm of ramp part 32 and having rams extending into each arm of ramp part 34.
The first and second hydraulic drives 38 and 39 are configured such that their rams are extended and retracted together whereby to extend and retract the first and second extendible members 32 and 34 together, i.e. simultaneously. This is accomplished by subjecting the first and second hydraulic drives 38 and 39 to the same hydraulic fluid at the same pressure so that the rams of the first and hydraulic drives are displaced in the same direction at substantially the same rate. The detailed construction and function of hydraulic drives generally does not form part of the invention in this disclosure and would be well known to persons skilled in the art. Accordingly it will not be described in further detail in this specification.
A feature of the pivoting ramp drive arrangement 40 is that it is independent of hydraulic drives 38 and 39 so that the pivoting ramp part 30 is pivoted independently of extension and retraction of the first and second extendible ramp parts 32 and 34.
In addition the pivoting ramp part 30 has a foot which is a support wall 42 at its free end for supporting the ramp part 30 on a vehicle support surface, e.g. a road, when the ramp part 30 is hingedly displaced to the operative position in which the ramp traverse surface 44 inclines downward and rearward away from the load support 20. The ramp support 42 includes a transverse support wall at a rear end of the ramp part 30 having a base at its free end for engaging the vehicle support surface. The support wall 42 is formed integrally with the ramp part 30 as a part of the structure of the ramp part 30 and is permanently fixed in position. Thus it does not need to be moved out or folded out when it is used to support the ramp part 30. The transverse support wall 42 is sized to have a vertical height so that, when the pivoting ramp part 30 is supported on the support wall 42, the ramp traverse surface is positioned at least 0.4 m above the vehicle support surface. This provides end support for the pivoting ramp part 30 and intermediate post support for the ramp arrangement 12 intermediate its pivotal mounting to the load support 20 and a terminal end of the second extendible ramp part 34 when in its extended position.
The trailer 10 includes a user control arrangement for controlling the activation of the hydraulic drives described above. The control enables the ramp part 30 on the one hand, and first and second extendible ramp parts 32 and 34 on the other hand, to be controlled independently from each other by an operator. The control arrangement includes control pendants that are interfaced with a hydraulic system of the trailer and that are carried on a side of the trailer near the rear thereof.
The trailer 10 further includes a locking arrangement, generally indicated by reference numeral 46 for releasably locking the ramp part 30 in either one of the inclined operative position or the horizontal travelling position. The locking arrangement 46 includes two vertically offset transversely open apertures defined by a rear end of the support beams or rails of the chassis 14 that correspond to the operating and travelling positions respectively. The ramp part 30 includes vertically extending locking brackets that pivot with the ramp part 30 and define apertures there through for registering with either one of the apertures in the support beams corresponding to the operative or travelling positions, as the case may be. The locking arrangement 46 also includes a locking pin for passing through the registering aperture in the bracket and the aperture in the beams. The locking pin is conveniently be controlled by retraction or extension from a hydraulic booster unit and when engaged positively locks the ramp part 30 to the chassis 14 in a fixed position.
In use, to load a load vehicle onto the load support 20, the pivoting ramp part 30 is pivoted to the operative loading position and the first and second extendible ramp parts 32, 34 are extended to their extended positions to form a ramp surface or ramp traverse surface 44 extending from the deck surface 22 to a vehicle support surface, such as the road. This condition shown in Figures 4 and 5 enables either a load vehicle to be displaced up the ramp traverse surface 44 onto the deck surface 22.
To achieve this a user selects the appropriate control from the controls to retract the pin out of the locking pin apertures so that the pivoting ramp part 30 is free to pivot about the hinge axis relative to the load support 20. The user then actuates the hydraulic rams of the ramp drive arrangement 36 (using the controls) for displacing the pivoting ramp part 30 from the traveling to the operative position. To do this the ramp part 30 is pivoted towards the vehicle support surface, optionally until the base of the support wall 42 engages the vehicle support surface. At this stage, the associated locking pin apertures corresponding to the operative or loading position of the ramp part 30 register with each other and the locking pin can be inserted into the registering holes to lock the ramp part 30 in its operative position. The ramp traverse surface of the ramp part 30 now inclines rearwards and downwards but remains spaced away from the vehicle support surface or ground.
In the next step the user then selects the appropriate control and activates the hydraulic rams of the first and second extendible ramp parts 32 and 34 to be displaced in a translational fashion out of the ramp part 30. The extendible ramp parts 32 and 34 are displaced away from the ramp part 30 until the terminal ends of the arms of the extendible ramp part 34 reach the support surface. A load vehicle such as an earthmoving machine can then be driven up the ramp surface 44, over the arms of parts 32 and 34 onto the load support 20.
Once the earthmoving machine is loaded onto the deck 22, the user can retract the hydraulic rams so that the extendible ramp track members 32, 34 are retracted into the ramp part 30. The locking pin is then retracted to unlock the part 30 from its operative position and the ramp part 30 can be displaced hingedly to its horizontal travelling position. Thereafter the locking arrangement 46 is once again activated by the user, to lock the ramp part 30 in its horizontal travelling position using the ramp drive arrangement 36. The vehicle 10 is then ready for travelling on a road with the pivoting ramp part 30 positioned in the traveling position and the first and second extendible ramp parts 32 and 34 in their retracted positions with their arms received within the ramp part 30. This condition is similar to that shown in Figures 2 and 7 for a second embodiment.
When transport is completed, the above steps are repeated to offload the earthmoving machine. The steps include pivoting the ramp part 30 to the downward inclined loading or operative position and extending the extendible ramp parts 32 and 34 to their extended positions. The earth moving machine can then be be unloaded by displacing it down the ramp surface 44 and onto the road.
In addition to the typical traveling positions and loading position described above, the trailer 10 can be operated in a yet further position with the pivoting ramp part 30 in its horizontal travelling position and the first and second extendible ramp parts 32, 34 also in their extended position. This condition is not directly shown in the drawings but can be inferred from Figures 4 and 5. It will be appreciated that this condition provides an extended deck surface 22 for carrying a vehicle when it is travelling. It will be appreciated that the first and second extendible ramp parts 32, 34 can be used to provide additional length and an increased effective deck surface 22 for carrying a longer load vehicle.
Further optionally the first extendible ramp part 32 may be extended but ramp part 34 may be retracted to provide some increase of the effective load deck.
It will also be appreciated that a ramp with a longer ramp traverse surface 44, e.g. one having two extendible ramp parts, will have a gentler slope or a lesser slope of about 9 10 degrees, when extending to the ground than a shorter ramp which typically might have a slope of 14-15 degrees. This gentler slope can make it easier to load vehicles onto the load support and to unload them.
Figures 7 to 12 illustrate a vehicle 200 that is a semi-trailer in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure. The structure and function of the second embodiment is similar to that described above for the first embodiment and accordingly the same reference numerals will be used unless otherwise indicated. Further the following description will focus on the main differences between the two embodiments which is the ability of the deck support 20 and the ramp arrangement 12 to be laterally widened.
As in the first embodiment the vehicle 200 includes a chassis 14 with a load support 20 thereon and a ramp arrangement 12 pivotally mounted on the chassis 14. However in the second embodiment the load support 20 comprises a plurality of load support sections 202, 204, 206 across the lateral width of the deck surface 22. The ramp arrangement 12 also comprises a corresponding plurality of ramp sections 210, 212, 214.
The load support 20 includes movable left and right load support sections 202 and 206 across the lateral width of the deck surface 22 that are laterally displaceable between a laterally narrowed condition and a laterally widened condition. The ramp arrangement 12 includes movable left and right ramp sections 210 and 214 corresponding to the left and right load support sections 202 and 206. The left ramp section 210 is operatively attached to the movable left load support section 202 and the right ramp section 214 is operatively attached to the movable right load support section 206. This way the left and right ramp sections 210, 214 move together with the main load sections 202, 206 between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened positions.
The third load support section 204 is a stationary central load support section intermediate the movable left and right load support sections 202 and 206. The third ramp section 212 is also stationary and is operatively attached to and aligned with the stationary central load support section 204. The stationary central ramp section 212 has a length substantially corresponding to the pivoting ramp part 230 but does not have extendible ramp parts 32 and 34.
The vehicle 200 further includes a deck widening drive arrangement indicated generally by numeral 260 for driving the left and right load support sections 202 and 206 and associated ramp sections 210 and 214 between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened positions. The deck widening drive arrangement 260 comprises a hydraulic drive extending between the chassis 12 and the left load support section 202 and another hydraulic drive extending between the chassis 12 and the right load support section 206.
The vehicle 200 includes a main sliding support arrangement shown generally by numeral 270, supporting left and right movable load support sections on the chassis 14 such that they are displaceable between the laterally narrowed and laterally extended positions.
In one form the main sliding support arrangement 270 comprises transverse members 272 projecting out from each side of the stationary central load support section 204 and complementary support formations 274 on the left and right movable load support sections 202 and 206 that engage with and are supported by the transverse members 272. Conveniently the complementary support formations 274 each define an opening through which the transverse members 272 are passed with some clearance, e.g. a small clearance, in a manner that permits the formations 274 to slide on the members 272.
In another form the transverse members are provided on the movable left and right load support sections and are fixed relative thereto and the sliding passages or openings are formed in the chassis. The basic principle of operation of this form is the same as the first form described above.
The vehicle 200 further include a ramp sliding support arrangement 280 for supporting the movable ramp sections 210 and 214 on the pivotal ramp part 230 such that they are displaceable between the laterally narrowed and laterally extended positions. The ramp sliding support arrangement 280 is structurally and functionally very similar to that described above for the main sliding support arrangement 270. In one form this includes transverse members 282 on section 212 and support formations 284 on sections 210 and 214 through which the transverse members 282 are slidably passed. For example each ramp part 30 may include a plurality of support arms that are spaced apart along its length that extend laterally outwards therefrom and complementary support members defining passages (not shown) on the movable side ramp sections may be engaged with said arms. In another form this includes having the transverse members on the movable ramp sections 210 and 214 and the passages or openings form in the stationary ramp section 212.
In use the vehicle 200 travels on a road carrying a load vehicle (not shown) having the same width as a normal road vehicle. In this condition the pivoting ramp part 230 is positioned in the traveling position and the first and second extendible ramp parts 232 and 234 are in the retracted positions. Further the left and right movable load support sections 202 and 206, and left and right movable ramp sections 210 and 214, are in their laterally narrowed conditions as shown in Figure 7.
In this particular use when the load vehicle is loaded onto the load support 20 the pivoting ramp part 230 is pivoted to the loading position. Thereafter the first and second extendible ramp parts 232 and 234 are extended to their extended positions forming a ramp surface or a ramp traverse surface 44 extending from the deck surface 22 to the road. This enables the load vehicle to be displaced up the ramp traverse surface onto the load surface. It also enables the load to be unloaded at the end of a road trip. This condition is not directly shown in the drawings but is similar to that shown in Figure 4 with the movable load support sections 202 and 206 and the movable ramp sections 210 and 214 being in the laterally narrowed condition.
Figure 12, in particular shows some of the underlying features of the trailer vehicle 200 described above. In Fig 12 the deck widening drive arrangement comprises a hydraulic drive driving one movable load support section 202 and one ramp section shown by reference numeral 210 and a hydraulic drive for driving the other movable load support section 206 and other ramp section is shown by reference numeral 214. In the illustrated embodiment the drive arrangement 290 comprises two hydraulic cylinders that are axially spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the main load support 20 driving movable side sections 202. Similarly the other movable side section 206 is driven by two hydraulic cylinders that are axially spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the main load support 20. Each hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the chassis and has a piston or ram received within the cylinder having an end mounted on the movable side section 202 or 206.
In another typical use, the vehicle 200 may be used to transport an oversize vehicle having a width greater than a lane width and a regular vehicle width. The vehicle 200 is adapted to do this by using the drive arrangements 290 and 292 to widen the left and right movable load sections 202 and 206 (and ramp sections 210 and 214) to a width that matches the wheels or treads of the load vehicle to be transported. This is carried out by using the deck widening drive arrangement to move the left and right movable load support sections and left and right ramp sections laterally outwards. The left and right movable ramp sections 210 and 214 are operatively attached to the movable load sections 202 and 206 to provide a suitable deck surface 22 for carrying the wide load vehicle.
To load a wide vehicle onto the load support the pivoting ramp part 230 is pivoted down into its loading position using the drive arrangement 240 in the manner described above when the sections are in a laterally narrowed position. This moves all the sections 210, 212 and 214 of the ramp part 230 to the loading position. Thereafter the first and extendible ramp parts 232 and 234 on the left and right movable ramp sections 210 and 214 are moved into their extended positions forming a ramp traverse surface 44 corresponding to the width of the wheels or tracks of the oversize load vehicle extending from the deck surface 22 to the road.
In addition to the use above, the vehicle 200 can be operated with the pivoting ramp part 230 in its horizontal travelling position and the first and optionally also second extendible ramp parts 232 and 234 also in their extended position while extending horizontally. This condition is not directly shown in the drawings but can best be appreciated best from Figure 12. The first and second extendible ramp parts 232 and 234 are very effective at providing additional length to the effective surface used for carrying load vehicles and this condition provides an extended deck surface for carrying an extra-large load vehicle, e.g. a vehicle with a length that is greater than that provided by the load support 20.
An advantage of the vehicle and ramp arrangement described above with reference to the drawings is that it provides a longer ramp traverse surface from the deck surface to the road and this surface has a gentler slope than with a shorter ramp surface. This can be advantageous when loading load vehicles, particularly large heavy vehicles onto the load surface. A gentler slope is easier to climb up and also less vehicle clearance is required when the vehicle transitions from the top of the ramp onto the load support.
Another advantage of the vehicle and ramp arrangement described above with reference to the drawings is that the ramp arrangement can have its first extendible section extending out horizontally. This increases the effective deck surface that can be used to carry a load vehicle and enables a larger load vehicle to be transported than on the load support and pivoting ramp part 30 alone. A further option would be to extend both first and second extendible ramp parts rearward in horizontal fashion to yet further increase the deck surface. This can be useful for carrying large mining vehicles, military vehicles and also civil construction vehicles. It will readily be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the arrangement shown in the prior art vehicle shown in Figure 1 of the drawings is not able to achieve this advantage.
Yet another advantage of the vehicle and ramp arrangement described above with reference to Figures 7 to 12 of the drawings is that it is able to be laterally widened to accommodate a wider load vehicle if this is required. The main load support can support the load while it is in a traveling mode being transported on the trailer vehicle and the ramp arrangement provides a widened ramp traverse surface over which a load vehicle can be displaced for loading and unloading. In some applications heavy load vehicles with wheel spacing that is wider than that for conventional road going vehicles need to be transported and this vehicle particularly suitable for transporting extra-large vehicles.
Another advantage of the trailer vehicle described above is that the various sections of the ramp arrangement are directly mounted on the associated sections of the main load support and thus they move (or stay stationary) together with the associated section of the main load support. Thus a single drive arrangement can be used to drive each side section of the main load support and this also effects corresponding movement of the side sections of the associated side section of the ramp arrangement with a fine tolerance.
It will of course be realized that the above has been given only by way of illustrative example of the disclosure and that all such modifications and variations thereto, as would be apparent to persons skilled in the art, are deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of the disclosure as is herein set forth.
Claims (16)
1. A ramp arrangement for a heavy vehicle, the vehicle having a chassis and a load support having a deck surface for carrying a load mounted on the chassis, the ramp arrangement including at least one ramp section sized to extend across a lateral width of the load support, the ramp section including: a pivoting ramp part comprising a hydraulic drive mountable on the chassis and/or load support for hydraulically pivoting the ramp part relative to the deck surface; a first extendible ramp part mounted on the pivoting ramp part that is hydraulically displaceable with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the pivoting ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the pivoting ramp part, and hydraulically displaceable between the extended position and the retracted position; and a second extendible ramp part mounted on the first extendible ramp part that is hydraulically displaceable with a translational sliding displacement between a retracted position in which it is substantially received within the first extendible ramp part and an extended position in which it projects out of the first extendible ramp part, and hydraulically displaceable between the extended position and the retracted position, wherein pivoting of the ramp part and displacement of the first and second ramp parts to their extended positions can form a ramp surface from the deck surface of the vehicle to a substantially flat road surface on which the vehicle is located, wherein a distal end of the first extendible ramp part is away from the road surface and a distal end of the second extendible ramp part is adjacent the road surface, and wherein pivoting of the ramp part can form a substantially planar extension of the deck surface of the vehicle configurable between at least two configurations: (a) wherein the first and second extendible ramp parts are retracted; and (b) wherein the first and second extendible ramp parts are extended.
2. A heavy vehicle for carrying a load, including: a chassis; a load support having a deck surface for carrying a load; and the ramp arrangement of claim 1, wherein the at least one ramp section of the ramp arrangement extends across a lateral width of the load support of the vehicle.
3. The vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the vehicle is a semi-trailer.
4. The vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the semi-trailer is operatively coupled to a prime mover in use by means of a fifth wheeler.
5. The ramp according to claim 1 or the vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4, including a ramp extending drive arrangement for driving each first extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions, and driving each second extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions.
6. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the ramp extending drive arrangement includes a first hydraulic drive acting between the first extendible ramp part and the pivoting ramp part to move the first extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions; and a second hydraulic drive acting between the first extendible ramp part and the second extendible ramp part, to move the second extendible ramp part between the retracted and extended positions, wherein each hydraulic drive includes a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the first extendible ramp part and a ram acting on the pivoting ramp part or the second extendible ramp part, and, wherein the first and second hydraulic drives are configured such that their rams are extended and retracted together whereby to extend and retract the first and second extendible members together.
7. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the first and second hydraulic drives are driven by a common hydraulic fluid supply at the same pressure so that the rams of the first and hydraulic drives are displaced in the same direction at substantially the same rate.
8. The ramp according to claim 1 or any one of claims 5 to 7, or the vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the pivoting ramp part is pivotally mountable on the load support by means of a hinge, and wherein the pivoting ramp part is pivotable independently of extension and retraction of the first and second extendible ramp parts.
9. The ramp according to claim 1 or any one of claims 5 to 8, or the vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the load support comprises a plurality of load support sections across the lateral width of the load support surface, and the ramp arrangement comprises a plurality of ramp sections, each of which is associated with a corresponding load support section.
10. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 9, wherein at least one of the load support sections and its associated ramp section is movable in a lateral direction.
11. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 10, wherein each ramp section is operatively attached or attachable to and substantially aligned or alignable with an associated load support section such that movement of the main load of the vehicle causes a direct corresponding movement of the ramp section.
12. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the load support includes left and right load support sections across the lateral width of the deck surface that are laterally displaceable between a laterally narrowed condition and a laterally widened condition, and the ramp arrangement includes left and right ramp sections corresponding to the left and right load support sections, and wherein the left ramp section is operatively attached or attachable to the left load support section and the left ramp section is operatively attached or attachable to the left load support section such that the left and right ramp sections move together with the main load sections between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened positions.
13. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the load support further includes a stationary central section intermediate the left and right sections and/or the ramp arrangement includes a stationary central ramp section with a length substantially corresponding to the pivoting ramp part.
14. The ramp or vehicle according to claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the load support includes a chassis and a sliding support arrangement for supporting each movable load support section on the chassis such that it is displaceable between the laterally narrowed and laterally extended positions and/or for supporting each movable ramp section on the pivotal ramp part such that it is displaceable between the laterally narrowed and laterally extended positions.
15. The vehicle according to any one of claims 12 to 14, further including a deck widening drive arrangement for driving the left and right load support sections and associated ramp sections between the laterally narrowed and laterally widened positions.
16. The vehicle according to claim 15, wherein the deck widening drive arrangement comprises a hydraulic drive extending between the chassis and the left load support section and another hydraulic drive extending between the chassis and the right load support section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2016250434A AU2016250434B2 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2016-10-27 | A vehicle having a ramp arrangement and a ramp arrangement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2016250434A AU2016250434B2 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2016-10-27 | A vehicle having a ramp arrangement and a ramp arrangement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2016250434A1 AU2016250434A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
| AU2016250434B2 true AU2016250434B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2016250434A Active AU2016250434B2 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2016-10-27 | A vehicle having a ramp arrangement and a ramp arrangement |
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| AU (1) | AU2016250434B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04129848A (en) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-04-30 | Yoneko Suzuki | Load-carrying platform for loading vehicle |
| US5244335A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-09-14 | Johns Jerry L | Telescopic tailgate ramp |
| US5536058A (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-07-16 | Otis; Ronald T. | Telescoping tailgate ramp |
| KR100723644B1 (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-05-31 | 주식회사 씨제이테크 | Trailer use wrecker |
| US20070261181A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-11-15 | Willard Stephen E | Telescoping ramp stored upon tailgate |
| US20090108614A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-04-30 | Washington Derron K | Ramp assembly for a vehicle tailgate |
| AU2009203202A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-17 | Tuff Trailers (Qld) Pty Ltd | A vehicle having a ramp arrangement |
| GB2496989A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-29 | Antony James | Telescopic ramp for loading and unloading vehicles |
| CN106627309A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-10 | 徐州海伦哲专用车辆股份有限公司 | Fire-fighting command comprehensive operation vehicle |
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2016
- 2016-10-27 AU AU2016250434A patent/AU2016250434B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04129848A (en) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-04-30 | Yoneko Suzuki | Load-carrying platform for loading vehicle |
| US5244335A (en) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-09-14 | Johns Jerry L | Telescopic tailgate ramp |
| US5536058A (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-07-16 | Otis; Ronald T. | Telescoping tailgate ramp |
| US20070261181A1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-11-15 | Willard Stephen E | Telescoping ramp stored upon tailgate |
| KR100723644B1 (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-05-31 | 주식회사 씨제이테크 | Trailer use wrecker |
| US20090108614A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-04-30 | Washington Derron K | Ramp assembly for a vehicle tailgate |
| AU2009203202A1 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-17 | Tuff Trailers (Qld) Pty Ltd | A vehicle having a ramp arrangement |
| GB2496989A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-29 | Antony James | Telescopic ramp for loading and unloading vehicles |
| CN106627309A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-10 | 徐州海伦哲专用车辆股份有限公司 | Fire-fighting command comprehensive operation vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2016250434A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
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| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |