AU2014277868A1 - Water treatment structure - Google Patents
Water treatment structure Download PDFInfo
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- AU2014277868A1 AU2014277868A1 AU2014277868A AU2014277868A AU2014277868A1 AU 2014277868 A1 AU2014277868 A1 AU 2014277868A1 AU 2014277868 A AU2014277868 A AU 2014277868A AU 2014277868 A AU2014277868 A AU 2014277868A AU 2014277868 A1 AU2014277868 A1 AU 2014277868A1
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- chamber
- water treatment
- influent
- treatment
- modular water
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
WATER TREATMENT STRUCTURE A modular water treatment structure (10; 20; 25) is provided for capturing and treating storm water or other surface runoff water. The modular water treatment structure comprises an inlet chamber (40) for admitting an influent to be treated into the structure and a filter (45) for the filtration of the influent; a biofiltration treatment module (50) having an upper biomass chamber (52) for receiving any vegetation growth media therein and a lower treatment chamber (54). The biomass chamber (52) includes a porous floor (56) for supporting the vegetation growth media thereon and for the passage of vegetation roots therethrough such that the roots extend into the lower treatment chamber (54). The structure also includes a discharge chamber (80) for discharging the treated influent from the structure. pNJ '716 4l
Description
1 WATER TREATMENT STRUCTURE Field [0001] The present invention relates to a water treatment structure and more particularly to a water treatment structure and system for use in, but not limited to, an urban environment for capturing and treating storm water or other excess surface water. Background [0002] Water treatment systems for capturing and treating stormwater or other surface runoff water are utilised both as a means of avoiding flooding and erosion and as a means of reducing pollution and contamination in the water. These functions are especially important in an urban environment in which surface water can collect or contain large amounts of debris, nutrients and dirt that can adversely affect the surrounding environment. [0003] A previously proposed water treatment system comprises a treatment chamber filled with soil and gravel, rocks and slabs of stonewool media that create a treatment zone that acts to remove a variety of pollutants from the water. Summary of Invention [0004] There is disclosed herein a modular water treatment structure, comprising: an inlet chamber for admitting an influent to be treated into the structure and including a filter for the filtration of the influent; a biofiltration treatment module comprising an upper biomass chamber for receiving a vegetation growth media therein and a lower treatment chamber, the lower treatment chamber being in fluid communication with the inlet chamber for receiving the influent therein and having an influent flow path therethrough, the biomass chamber including a porous floor for supporting the vegetation growth media thereon and for the passage of vegetation roots therethrough such that the roots extend into the flow path in the lower treatment chamber for treating the influent therein; and a discharge chamber in fluid communication with the lower treatment chamber of the biofiltration treatment module for discharging the treated influent from the structure.
2 [0005] Preferably, the porous floor is made of plastic or fibre reinforced plastic. Preferably, the biomass chamber further includes a second porous layer through which the vegetation roots may pass, the second porous layer preferably being located above the porous floor and having a finer porosity than the porous floor. Preferably, the porous layer is made of recycled PET. Preferably, the lower treatment chamber of the biomass treatment module includes at least one baffle for directing the passage of the influent upwards toward the flow path in the lower treatment chamber. [0006] Preferably, the inlet chamber includes an inlet grate or inlet pipe for the admission of influent into the treatment system. Preferably, the filter of the inlet chamber is arranged substantially adjacent the inlet grate or pipe for filtering the influent upon its admission into the water treatment structure. Preferably, the filter is a screen filter. Preferably, the inlet chamber includes a collector for collecting sediment in the influent following its passage through the filter. Preferably, the inlet chamber further includes a cartridge filter. More preferably, the cartridge filter is arranged downstream of the screen filter for further filtration of the influent within the inlet chamber. [0007] Preferably, the discharge chamber includes an access point. Preferably, the access point is an access grate at which the discharge chamber may be accessed from the surrounding environment. Preferably, the discharge chamber includes a discharge pipe providing fluid communication between the lower treatment chamber of the biofiltration treatment module and the discharge chamber. Preferably, the discharge pipe includes a flow control valve. [0008] Preferably, the discharge chamber includes an outlet pipe via which treated influent exits the system. [0009] An embodiment of the water treatment structure includes more than one biofiltration treatment module. The inlet chamber and a first biomass treatment module are integrally housed in a first treatment unit. A second biofiltration treatment module and the discharge chamber are integrally housed in a second treatment unit, wherein a means of fluid communication is provided between the lower treatment chamber of each of the first treatment unit and the second treatment unit.
3 [0010] In an alternative embodiment of the structure, the inlet chamber, biofiltration treatment module and discharge chamber are integrally formed as a single unit. [0011] Preferably, the inlet chamber, biofiltration treatment module and discharge chamber are made of plastic or fibre reinforced plastic. [0012] Preferably, the structure includes a bypass pipe from the inlet chamber to the discharge chamber. [0013] Preferably, the upper biomass chamber is removable from the water treatment structure. [0014] There is also disclosed herein a water treatment system comprising: a water treatment structure as defined above, and a layer of vegetation growth media arranged in the biomass chamber, and at least one item of vegetation planted therein, with roots extending through the porous floor into the flow path in the lower treatment chamber. [0015] Preferably, the system further includes a granular layer arranged below the vegetation growth media in the biomass chamber. Preferably, the granular layer includes coarse sand and/or gravel. Preferably, the vegetation growth media is soil. [0016] There is further disclosed herein a method of treating water or other influent in a water treatment system comprising an inlet chamber and a biofiltration treatment module, the biofiltration treatment module including an upper biomass chamber and a lower treatment chamber, the upper biomass chamber including vegetation planted therein such that the roots thereof extend into the lower treatment chamber, the method comprising the steps of admitting water or other influent into the water treatment system via the inlet chamber, passing it through the vegetation roots in the lower treatment chamber for the removal of pollutants therefrom and discharging the treated water or other influent from the system. [0017] Preferably, the inlet chamber includes a filter for pre-filtering the influent, the method comprising a step of passing the influent through the filter prior to passing the water or other influent through the vegetation roots in the lower treatment chamber.
4 Brief Description of Drawings [0018] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: [0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a water treatment system in accordance with a first embodiment in situ in an urban environment; [0020] Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the water treatment system of Figure 1; and [0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the water treatment system of Figure 2, showing a removable upper biomass chamber; and [0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a water treatment system. Description of Embodiments [0023] Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a water treatment system 1 installed in a roadside kerb 5. The water treatment system 1 consists of a first unit 10 and a second unit 20, best seen in Figure 2. Each unit comprises an elongate rectangular box made of plastic or fibre reinforced plastic, the units 10, 20 being connected to each other by a fluid communication pipe 25. The first unit 10 includes an inlet chamber 40 and a biofiltration module 50 disposed adjacent thereto. The inlet chamber 40 includes a bottom wall 41, side wall 42 and an upper wall 43. An inlet grate 44 is located in the upper wall 43 through which storm water or other influent passes to enter the water treatment system 1. A filter 45 is attached to and located beneath the inlet grate 44. The filter 45 is a screen filter for removing debris from the influent as it enters the water treatment system 1. A sediment collector 46 is attached to the underside of the filter 45 for capturing finer sediment in the influent. A cartridge filter 48 containing filtration media is located adjacent the bottom wall 41 for further filtration of the influent in the inlet chamber. An aperture 47 in the side wall 42 adjoining the biofiltration module 50 allows passage of the influent to be treated to flow into the biofiltration module 50. [0024] The biofiltration module 50 is an elongate dual-level module, having an upper biomass chamber 52 and lower treatment chamber 54. The upper biomass chamber 52 consists of a lower floor 56 made of a porous plastic or fibre reinforced plastic tread of approximately 50 mm 5 thickness. A layer of a porous recycled PET layer 58, approximately 50 mm thick, is arranged above the plastic/fibre reinforced plastic tread 56. Layers of coarse sand and gravel 60 are arranged above the porous PET layer 58, each layer being approximately 50 mm thick. A layer of soil 62 approximately 200 mm thick extends to the open top surface of the biomass chamber 52. The soil 62, coarse sand and gravel 60 are supported by the porous PET layer 58 and the plastic/fibre reinforced plastic tread 56, retaining it in the upper biomass chamber 52 of the biofiltration treatment module 50. Vegetation 61 is planted into the soil layer 62 such that its roots 70 extend through the soil layer 62, through the coarse sand and gravel layers 60 and through the porous PET layer 58, which provides additional support to the soil layer 62 and vegetation 61 planted in the upper biomass chamber 52, and through the plastic/fibre reinforced plastic tread 56 and into the lower treatment chamber 54. The lower treatment chamber 54 consists of a bottom wall 64 and left and right side walls 42, 66 respectively. The aperture 47 in the side wall 42 allows the influent to be treated to pass from the inlet chamber 40 into the lower treatment chamber 54 of the biofiltration treatment module 50. [0025] A series of equi-spaced baffles 68, 69 extends along the length of the lower treatment chamber 54. Baffles 68 extend upwardly from the bottom wall 64 of the biofiltration module thereof whilst baffles 69 extend downwardly from the fibreglass tread 56 of the upper biomass chamber 52, towards the bottom wall 64. The baffles 68, 69 are arranged alternately along the length of the lower treatment chamber 54 so as to encourage the upward and downward flow of the influent through the lower treatment chamber 54 along a flow path therethrough so as to maximize its exposure to the vegetation roots 70 therein. [0026] The vegetation roots 70 of the vegetation 61 extend through the lower treatment chamber towards the bottom wall 64. The roots 70 provide a natural means of removing pollutants from the influent as it passes through the lower treatment chamber 54. [0027] Storm water falling directly on the soil layer 62 is filtered by the soil, the coarse and gravel layer 60 before passing through the porous PET layer 58 and plastic/fibre reinforced plastic tread 56 into the lower treatment chamber 54.
6 [0028] The second unit 20 of the water treatment unit 1 consists of a second biofiltration module 150 that is an identical mirror image of the first biofiltration module 50 and will not be described in detail. The second biofiltration module 150 has a lower treatment chamber 154 that is connected to the first lower treatment chamber 54 via connection pipe 25. The influent to be treated passes through both lower treatment chambers 54, 154 to be treated by the vegetation roots 70. A side wall 166 of the second lower treatment chamber 154 includes an outlet aperture 167 extending between the lower treatment chamber 154 and a discharge chamber 80. The discharge chamber 80 has a bottom wall 82, side wall 84 and an upper wall 85 that includes an access grate 86. A discharge pipe 88 is attached in the aperture 167, providing a conduit through which treated influent from the biofiltration module can pass into the discharge chamber 80. The discharge pipe 88 includes a flow control valve 90 and outlets into the discharge chamber 80. An outlet pipe 92 is located in the side wall 84 so that the treated water can exit the water treatment system 1. A bypass pipe 99 extends from the inlet chamber 40 directly to the discharge chamber 80 at a lower end of the water treatment system 1, without allowing water into the biofiltration modules 50, 150. Therefore, water can flow directly through the system 1 if a blockage occurs in one of the biofiltration chambers 50, 150 or in the event of a high volume of surface runoff water being admitted into the water treatment system 1. [0029] When constructed using materials such as plastic or fibre reinforced plastic, an embodiment of the water treatment structure can be easy to transport and install in an urban environment. [0030] An influent such as storm water is treated by the water treatment system 1 as follows. The water enters the system via the inlet grate 44 in the inlet chamber 40. Debris is removed from the water by the screen filter 45. Sediment is captured in the sediment collector 46. The remaining water is filtered through the cartridge filter 48 and then flows into the inlet chamber 40. The water level rises in the inlet chamber 40 and flows through the aperture 47 into the lower treatment chamber 54 of the first biofiltration unit 50. The influent flows generally horizontally along the flow path and through the baffles 68, 69 in the first biofiltration module lower treatment chamber 54, where it is exposed only to the vegetation roots 70 for the removal of fine particles. The water then passes through the fluid communication pipe 25 into the lower treatment chamber 154 of the second biofiltration module 150, where it again passes generally horizontally along the flow path and through the baffles 68, 69 to be further treated by the vegetation roots 170. The treated water exits the second biofiltration chamber 150 through the 7 discharge pipe 88 and into the discharge chamber 80. The treated water exits the system through the outlet pipe 92. The flow rate through the discharge pipe 88 can be controlled using the flow control valve 90, thereby also controlling the volume of water within the system 1 at any time. [0031] Figure 3 shows a partially exploded view of the water treatment system of Figure 2, in which the upper biomass chamber 152 of the biofiltration unit 150 is removed from the second unit 20. [0032] The removable upper biomass chamber 152 fits inside a plastic or fibre reinforced plastic outer frame 300 that is arranged to sit in the upper part of the biofiltration unit 150. The frame 300 is a box-frame having an elongate rectangular base frame 305, upwardly extending corner posts 306 at each corner of the base frame 305 and an elongate rectangular top frame 308. The frame 300 also includes an upper peripheral flange 310 that extends around the top frame 308 so that it rests atop an upper wall of the biofiltration unit 150 when the frame 300 is in situ therein. In an embodiment, a rail or ledge 315 is attached to an upper portion of the sidewalls 142, 166 of the lower treatment chamber 154 to provide further support for the frame 300 and the upper biomass chamber 152 when the water treatment system 1 is in use. [0033] When desired, the frame 300 and the upper biomass chamber 152 can be lifted straight out of the second unit 20 to allow access to the lower treatment chamber 154 for cleaning and maintenance purposes. The removal of the upper biomass chamber 152 also allows for replacement of the vegetation 61 in the upper biomass chamber 152 or of any of the components residing inside the plastic or fibre reinforced plastic upper biomass chamber 152, such as the soil 62, the coarse sand or gravel layer 60, PET layer 58 or the plastic or fibre reinforced plastic tread 56. When the water treatment system is situ in an urban environment, the ease of removal of the upper biomass chamber from the unit 20 allows a quick and easy replacement of the entire upper biomass chamber 152 if required. The upper biomass chamber 52 in the first unit 10 is similarly supported in the biofiltration chamber 50 by a frame 300 and is also removable for maintenance purposes.
8 [0034] A second embodiment of the water treatment system 1 is seen in Figure 3. The water treatment system 200 is housed in only a single unit and includes a single biofiltration treatment module 250. The system 200 is otherwise identical to the water treatment system 1 and operates in a similar manner. [0035] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be considered by persons skilled in the art that the invention can be described in many other forms.
Claims (30)
1. A modular water treatment structure, comprising: an inlet chamber for admitting an influent to be treated into the structure and including a filter for the filtration of the influent; a biofiltration treatment module comprising an upper biomass chamber for receiving a vegetation growth media therein and a lower treatment chamber, the lower treatment chamber being in fluid communication with the inlet chamber for receiving the influent therein and having an influent flow path therethrough, the biomass chamber including a porous floor for supporting the vegetation growth media thereon and for the passage of vegetation roots therethrough such that the roots extend into the flow path in the lower treatment chamber for treating the influent therein; and a discharge chamber in fluid communication with the lower treatment chamber of the biofiltration treatment module for discharging the treated influent from the structure.
2. The modular water treatment structure of claim 1, wherein the porous floor is made of plastic or fibre reinforced plastic.
3. The modular water treatment structure of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the biomass chamber further includes a second porous layer through which the vegetation roots may pass.
4. The modular water treatment structure of claim 3, wherein the second porous layer is located above the porous floor and has a finer porosity than the porous floor.
5. The modular water treatment structure of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the porous layer is made of recycled PET.
6. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lower treatment chamber of the biomass treatment module includes at least one baffle for directing the passage of the influent upwards toward the flow path in the lower treatment chamber.
7. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet chamber includes an inlet grate or inlet pipe for the admission of influent into the treatment system. 10
8. The modular water treatment structure of claim 7, wherein the filter of the inlet chamber is arranged substantially adjacent the inlet grate or pipe for filtering the influent upon its admission into the water treatment structure.
9. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filter is a screen filter.
10. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet chamber includes a collector for collecting sediment in the influent following its passage through the filter.
11. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet chamber further includes a cartridge filter.
12. The modular water treatment structure of claim 11, wherein the cartridge filter is arranged downstream of the screen filter for further filtration of the influent within the inlet chamber.
13. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge chamber includes an access point.
14. The modular water treatment structure of claim 13, wherein the access point is an access grate at which the discharge chamber may be accessed from the surrounding environment.
15. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge chamber includes a discharge pipe providing fluid communication between the lower treatment chamber of the biofiltration treatment module and the discharge chamber.
16. The modular water treatment structure of claim 15, wherein the discharge pipe includes a flow control valve.
17. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge chamber includes an outlet pipe via which treated influent exits the system. 11
18. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, including more than one biofiltration treatment module.
19. The modular water treatment structure of claim 18, wherein the inlet chamber and a first biomass treatment module are integrally housed in a first treatment unit.
20. The modular water treatment structure of claim 19, wherein a second biofiltration treatment module and the discharge chamber are integrally housed in a second treatment unit, wherein a means of fluid communication is provided between the lower treatment chamber of each of the first treatment unit and the second treatment unit.
21. The modular water treatment structure of claim 18, wherein the inlet chamber, biofiltration treatment module and discharge chamber are integrally formed as a single unit.
22. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet chamber, biofiltration treatment module and discharge chamber are made of plastic or fibre reinforced plastic.
23. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the structure includes a bypass pipe from the inlet chamber to the discharge chamber.
24. The modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper biomass chamber is removable from the water treatment structure.
25. A water treatment system comprising: the modular water treatment structure of any one of the preceding claims, and a layer of vegetation growth media arranged in the biomass chamber, and at least one item of vegetation planted therein, with roots extending through the porous floor into the flow path in the lower treatment chamber.
26. The water treatment system of claim 25, further including a granular layer arranged below the vegetation growth media in the biomass chamber.
27. The water treatment system of claim 26, wherein the granular layer includes coarse sand and/or gravel. 12
28. The water treatment system of any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the vegetation growth media is soil.
29. A method of treating water or other influent in a water treatment system comprising an inlet chamber and a biofiltration treatment module, the biofiltration treatment module including an upper biomass chamber and a lower treatment chamber, the upper biomass chamber including vegetation planted therein such that the roots thereof extend into the lower treatment chamber, the method comprising the steps of admitting water or other influent into the water treatment system via the inlet chamber, passing it through the vegetation roots in the lower treatment chamber for the removal of pollutants therefrom and discharging the treated water or other influent from the system.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the inlet chamber includes a filter for pre-filtering the influent, the method comprising a step of passing the influent through the filter prior to passing the water or other influent through the vegetation roots in the lower treatment chamber. SPEL Environmental Pty Ltd Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON & FERGUSON
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2014277868A AU2014277868A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | Water treatment structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2013905040A AU2013905040A0 (en) | 2013-12-23 | Water treatment structure | |
| AU2013905040 | 2013-12-23 | ||
| AU2014277868A AU2014277868A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | Water treatment structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2014277868A1 true AU2014277868A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2014277868A Abandoned AU2014277868A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | Water treatment structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2014277868A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107954578A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-24 | 湖南大辰环保科技有限公司 | The Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation method of highway rainfall runoff is cut down in purification |
| CN113908603A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 浙江美亚环境工程有限公司 | Liquid filtering device |
-
2014
- 2014-12-22 AU AU2014277868A patent/AU2014277868A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107954578A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-24 | 湖南大辰环保科技有限公司 | The Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation method of highway rainfall runoff is cut down in purification |
| CN107954578B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2021-06-15 | 湖南大辰环保股份有限公司 | Ecological drainage method for purifying and reducing highway rainwater runoff |
| CN113908603A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 浙江美亚环境工程有限公司 | Liquid filtering device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(a) - no request for examination in relevant period |