AU2010319484A1 - Use of powder-coated nickel foam as a resistor to increase the temperature of catalytic converter devices with the use of electricity - Google Patents

Use of powder-coated nickel foam as a resistor to increase the temperature of catalytic converter devices with the use of electricity Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2010319484A1
AU2010319484A1 AU2010319484A AU2010319484A AU2010319484A1 AU 2010319484 A1 AU2010319484 A1 AU 2010319484A1 AU 2010319484 A AU2010319484 A AU 2010319484A AU 2010319484 A AU2010319484 A AU 2010319484A AU 2010319484 A1 AU2010319484 A1 AU 2010319484A1
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Australia
Prior art keywords
catalyst
catalytic
catalytic material
material comprises
substrate
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Abandoned
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AU2010319484A
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Thomas Richard Roberts
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Airflow Catalyst Systems Inc
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Airflow Catalyst Systems Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Airflow Catalyst Systems Inc filed Critical Airflow Catalyst Systems Inc
Publication of AU2010319484A1 publication Critical patent/AU2010319484A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/22—Metal foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosed invention relates to the optimization of catalytic reactions in diesel engines. A powder-coated nickel or other metallic foam is used as both the substrate and a resistor in a catalytic converter. The disclosed method uses a closed-loop system to heat the metallic foam with electric current to heat the diesel exhaust and thereby optimize the temperature at which the catalytic reaction occurs. The disclosed apparatus comprises a metallic foam substrate with a catalytic coating. The substrate is heated with electrical current to optimize the catalytic reaction. A variety of washcoats and/or catalysts may be used to coat the metallic foam substrate and the optimal temperature will depend on the catalyst used.

Description

WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 1 USE OF POWDER-COATED NICKEL FOAM AS A RESISTOR TO INCREASE THE TEMPERATURE OF CATALYTIC CONVERTER DEVICES WITH THE USE OF ELECTRICITY 5 This disclosure relates to the optimization of the reaction in a catalytic converter. More particularly, this disclosure relates to the use of powder-coated nickel foam as a resistor to increase the temperature of a catalytic converter device and thereby increase the efficiency of the device. 10 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The temperature of a catalytic converter is one of the most significant factors which affects its efficiency. The efficiency drops off rapidly at both high and low temperatures, leaving a relatively narrow band of operating temperatures within which 15 efficiency is highest. Most importantly, when automobile and truck engines begin operation, the catalytic converter is at a temperature too low to produce the reactions necessary to reduce the pollutants in the exhaust. When an engine first starts, the catalytic converter does almost nothing to reduce the pollution in the exhaust. 20 In the past, many catalytic converters have used the heat present in the vehicle exhaust stream to produce the temperatures necessary for the catalytic reactions to occur that transform harmful exhaust gases primarily carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) into less harmful gases, primarily carbon dioxide, nitrogen (N 2 ) and oxygen (02) that are vented into the atmosphere. One solution used to heat the catalytic converter is 25 moving the catalytic converter closer to the engine, allowing hotter exhaust gases to reach the converter. This positioning allows the catalytic converter to heat up faster, but may reduce the life of the converter by exposing it to extremely high temperatures. Preheating the catalytic converter is another way to increase efficiency and reduce 30 emissions. One of the most prevalent ways to preheat the converter is to use electric resistance heaters. The 12-volt electrical systems on most cars and trucks cannot provide enough energy or power to heat the catalytic converter fast enough. Hybrid cars with WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 2 high-voltage battery packs can sometimes provide enough power to heat up the catalytic converter very quickly. Catalytic converters in diesel engines are even less efficient than standard engines 5 because diesel engines run cooler than standard engines. One solution to this problem is a system that injects a urea solution (an organic compound made of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen) in the exhaust pipe before it reaches the converter. The urea evaporates and mixes with the exhaust, creating a chemical reaction that reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx). The urea reacts with NO, to produce nitrogen and water vapor, reducing 10 the nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases. Another method is heating a diesel particulate trap sufficiently to incinerate the soot formed in the trap as a result of the condensation of soluble organic fractions in the exhaust stream. This heating is accomplished thermally with exhaust gas. 15 BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention uses metallic foam as both a support for the catalyst(s) and as the resistor itself when attached to a closed-loop thermostatically-adjusted controller. This invention uses the residual electrical energy generated by the engine, much as in the 20 manner of other electronic devices, such as the vehicle radio, to heat the catalytic converter directly to a more efficient temperature at which to conduct the catalytic reaction. The disclosed invention consists of a method of optimizing the temperature of diesel engine exhaust comprising: providing a substrate consisting of a metal foam; coating the substrate with a catalytic material; heating the substrate with electric current 25 to a temperature range designed to optimize the catalytic reaction; and causing the diesel engine exhaust to flow over the substrate so that the catalytic material interacts with said exhaust. In all embodiments of the invention, the substrate may be in the form of nickel foam or metal foam. The catalytic material may also comprise a washcoat. The catalytic material may be comprised of various catalysts, including: an iron manganese catalyst; a WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 3 titanium dioxide catalyst; a selective catalytic reduction ("SCR") catalyst; or a platinum catalyst. The disclosed invention also may consist of a diesel engine exhaust system 5 comprising: a housing having an inlet for receiving diesel exhaust; a metallic foam substrate within the housing, the substrate having a catalytic coating; an electrical system for heating said substrate; and an outlet for emitting diesel exhaust. In all embodiments of the system, the substrate may be in the form of nickel foam or other metal foam. The catalytic coating may also comprise a washcoat. The catalytic coating may be comprised 10 of various catalysts, including: an iron manganese catalyst; a titanium dioxide catalyst; an SCR catalyst; or a platinum catalyst. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 15 A schematic for the claimed metallic foam substrate and resistor is shown in FIG. 1, which shows the source of the current 1, a DC controller 2, the metal foam sheet 3, the buss bars 4 and thermocouple or other pyrometric device 5. A schematic for the catalytic converter device is shown in FIG. 2, which shows the flow of the exhaust 1, the electified catalyst 2, including the foam substrate 3, the control unit 4, the diesel 20 particulate filter 5, the second catalyst 6 and the housing 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The disclosed invention describes the use of a power-coated nickel foam as a 25 resistor to increase the temperature of the catalytic converter device and thereby increase the efficiency of the device. Traditionally, a catalytic converter consists of several components: (1) the substrate, which is most often a ceramic honeycomb or stainless steel foil honeycomb; (2) the washcoat, which is often a mixture of silicon, aluminum and other elements and which forms a rough, irregular surface which has a far greater surface 30 area than the substrate surface; and (3) the catalyst itself, which is often a precious metal WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 4 such as platinum or palladium. The catalyst is added to the washcoat (in suspension) before application to the substrate. In the disclosed method and apparatus, the substrate is a powder-coated nickel 5 foam, which is manufactured in accordance with the process disclosed in German Patent DE1025006009164A1, dated February 20, 2006, entitled "Diesel Particle Filter with open-pored metal foam" held by Inco Limited. The good ductility and high flexibility of the 100% open-pore material allows the substrate design to be determined freely. Different porosities make it possible to define the level of deep-bed filtration in the 10 system. The foam acts as an effective substrate due to its high temperature and corrosion resistance, coupled with a very good soot storage capacity. During the manufacturing process, the nickel metal foam is coated and thermally treated with a high-alloy metal powder tailored to the particular application and design. Fusion occurs, enlarging the specific surface of the light metal foam. At the same time, the temperature resistance of 15 the thermal conductive alloy foam increases up to 1,000 0 C with peaks of up to 1,200 'C. The foam is flexible, ductile, and can be cut at any length. The material may be sintered and manufactured as sheets. Other types of metallic resistance products are known in the art and may also be used in the disclosed method and apparatus. 20 A number of different wash coats and/or catalysts can be applied to the foam so that the foam can be used as a catalytic converter. The catalysts applied can increase the amount of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), decrease the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx), reduce the presence of carbon monoxide (CO), and reduce the presence of hydrocarbons. Further, the foam can act as a DPF, which passively regenerates itself. As disclosed in 25 German Patent DE102006009164A1, the powder coating applied to the nickel foam is a combination of iron and chromium. After the powders are applied, the material is sintered to form a material with a much larger surface area. The powder-coated nickel foam has no catalytic properties itself but is an 30 excellent support for catalytic material, including an appropriate wash coat and/or WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 5 catalyst. At least four different catalytic coatings have been applied to the foam, including: (1) an iron manganese catalyst that converts CO to carbon dioxide (C02); (2) a catalytic washcoat and platinum catalyst which convert CO to C0 2 , and hydrocarbons to
CO
2 and water vapor; (3) a catalyst made from titanium dioxide (TO 2 ), which converts 5 NO 2 to nitric oxide (NO); and (4) a catalyst that converts NO, to nitrogen gas (N 2 ) and water. The catalyst that converts NO, to nitrogen gas (N 2 ) and water may be any type of SCR catalyst, including oxides of base metals (such as vanadium and tungsten) and zeolites. Other catalytic coatings may exist commercially or in the current art that can be applied to the nickel foam. 10 It is well-known that each catalytic material has a temperature where the catalyst is most effective. In many diesel systems, the exhaust emissions never or only slowly reach the temperature where the catalyst is most effective. In the disclosed invention, the metal foam, which is being used as the catalytic support, is imbued with electric current to 15 control the catalyst at the most efficient temperature with a small amount of current. The current is generated as a by-product of engine activity, so it is unnecessary to introduce additional energy into the engine system. The system is a closed-loop system that uses a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the exhaust stream and then regulates the amount of current to maintain a preselected temperature. The circuitry for the system can 20 be designed without undue experimentation by those skilled in the electronic arts. The disclosed apparatus consists of an adjustable direct-current electricity source with the circuit attached either to a battery or generator source that can supply adequate current to increase the temperature of the metal foam. The current source is 25 thermostatically-controlled by a proportionate controller that receives temperature input from a thermocouple or other type of temperature sensor, including but not limited to, resistance thermometers, filled-system thermometers, bimetal thermometers or radiation pyrometers. The system also includes a controller which can be constructed in accordance with devices described in Chapter XXII of the Chemical Engineer's 30 Handbook. The current is conveyed by wires connected to buss bars connected to the WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 6 opposite sides of a sheet or other form of the metallic foam. The foam is mounted in a container that receives the emissions from the engine, as is used typically to house the catalytic converter supports. In the disclosed invention, however, the catalytic converter support also acts as a heater to heat the catalyst and surrounding exhaust to optimal 5 temperatures.

Claims (36)

1. A method of optimizing the temperature of diesel engine exhaust comprising: providing a substrate consisting of a metal foam coated with a catalytic material; heating the substrate to a temperature range designed to optimize the catalytic reaction by passing an electric current through the substrate; and causing the diesel engine exhaust to flow over the substrate so that the catalytic material interacts with said exhaust.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said substrate is in the form of nickel foam.
3. A method according to Claim 1 wherein a wash coat is combined with a catalyst to form the catalytic material.
4. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said catalytic material comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
5. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
6. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said catalytic material comprises an SCR catalyst.
7. A method according to Claim 2 wherein a wash coat is combined with a catalyst to form the catalytic material.
8. A method according to Claim 2 wherein said catalytic material comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
9. A method according to Claim 2 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
10. A method according to Claim 2 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of an SCR catalyst.
11. A method according to Claim 3 wherein said catalytic material comprises an iron manganese catalyst. WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 8
12. A method according to Claim 3 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
13. A method according to Claim 3 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of a an SCR catalyst.
14. A method according to Claim 3 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of platinum.
15. A method according to Claim 7 wherein said catalytic material comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
16. A method according to Claim 7 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
17. A method according to Claim 7 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of an SCR catalyst.
18. A method according to Claim 7 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of platinum.
19. A diesel engine exhaust system comprising; a housing having an inlet for receiving diesel exhaust; a metallic foam substrate within the housing, the substrate having a catalytic coating; an electrical system for heating said substrate; and an outlet for emitting diesel exhaust.
20, A system according to Claim 19 wherein said substrate is in the form of nickel foam.
21. A system according to Claim 19 wherein said catalytic coating also comprises a washcoat.
22. A system according to Claim 19 wherein said catalytic coating comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
23. A system according to Claim 19 wherein said catalytic coating comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
24. A system according to Claim 19 wherein said catalytic coating comprises a catalyst consisting of an SCR catalyst.
25. A system according to Claim 20 wherein said catalytic coating also comprises a washcoat. WO 2011/060117 PCT/US2010/056306 9
26. A system according to Claim 20 wherein said catalytic coating comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
27. A system according to Claim 20 wherein said catalytic coating comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
28. A method according to Claim 20 wherein said catalytic coating comprises a catalyst consisting of a an SCR catalyst.
29. A system according to Claim 21 wherein said catalytic coating comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
30. A system according to Claim 21 wherein said catalytic coating comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
31. A system according to Claim 21 wherein said catalytic coating comprises a catalyst consisting of a an SCR catalyst.
32. A system according to Claim 21 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of platinum.
33. A system according to Claim 25 wherein said catalytic material comprises an iron manganese catalyst.
34. A system according to Claim 25 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide.
35. A system according to Claim 25 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of a an SCR catalyst.
36. A system according to Claim 25 wherein said catalytic material comprises a catalyst consisting of platinum.
AU2010319484A 2009-11-16 2010-11-11 Use of powder-coated nickel foam as a resistor to increase the temperature of catalytic converter devices with the use of electricity Abandoned AU2010319484A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/619,295 2009-11-16
US12/619,295 US20110113762A1 (en) 2009-11-16 2009-11-16 Use Of Powder Coated Nickel Foam As A Resistor To Increase The Temperature of Catalytic Converter Devices With The Use Of Electricity
PCT/US2010/056306 WO2011060117A2 (en) 2009-11-16 2010-11-11 Use of powder-coated nickel foam as a resistor to increase the temperature of catalytic converter devices with the use of electricity

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU2010319484A1 true AU2010319484A1 (en) 2012-05-17

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AU2010319484A Abandoned AU2010319484A1 (en) 2009-11-16 2010-11-11 Use of powder-coated nickel foam as a resistor to increase the temperature of catalytic converter devices with the use of electricity

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US (1) US20110113762A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2501908A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2013510990A (en)
AU (1) AU2010319484A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2779686A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011060117A2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011160117A1 (en) 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Andrew Llc Digital distributed antenna system with improved data transmission features

Family Cites Families (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0418914A (en) * 1990-05-15 1992-01-23 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Catalytic converter
US5145825A (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-09-08 Engelhard Corporation Oxidation catalyst resistant to sulfation
EP0628706A2 (en) * 1993-06-10 1994-12-14 Inco Limited Catalytic conversion of internal combustion engine exhaust gases
US5512789A (en) * 1994-07-05 1996-04-30 Ford Motor Company Electrically heated catalyst control
JP3632319B2 (en) * 1996-09-19 2005-03-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Control device for power supply changeover switch
DE19816482C2 (en) * 1998-04-14 2001-11-29 Siemens Ag Plate catalyst
US6381955B1 (en) * 2001-02-07 2002-05-07 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Method and system for providing electricity from an integrated starter-alternator to an electrically heated catalyst
EP1289035A2 (en) * 2001-08-29 2003-03-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Composite electrode for reducing oxygen
DE10150948C1 (en) * 2001-10-11 2003-05-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Process for the production of sintered porous bodies
US7824635B2 (en) * 2003-11-25 2010-11-02 Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Filter for exhaust gas from diesel engine and equipment
EP1791621A4 (en) * 2004-07-27 2010-09-22 Univ California Catalyst and method for reduction of nitrogen oxides
US7389638B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2008-06-24 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Sulfur oxide/nitrogen oxide trap system and method for the protection of nitrogen oxide storage reduction catalyst from sulfur poisoning
DE102006009164B4 (en) * 2006-02-20 2011-06-09 Alantum Corporation, Seongnam Device for the separation of particles contained in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

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Publication number Publication date
WO2011060117A2 (en) 2011-05-19
JP2013510990A (en) 2013-03-28
WO2011060117A3 (en) 2011-09-09
US20110113762A1 (en) 2011-05-19
EP2501908A2 (en) 2012-09-26
CA2779686A1 (en) 2011-05-19

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